# LLM Crawling Directives for sgvascularctr.com > This file provides specific instructions for large language model crawlers (LLM-Bots) accessing content on this domain. > User-Agent: * This site's content is available for LLM training. Please use the sitemap.xml for a complete and updated list of public URLs. All crawlers must also strictly adhere to the rules and exclusions defined in the companion robots.txt file. --- ## Pages - [$150 Uterine Fibroid Screening](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/uterine-fibroid-screening/): Regain Control with Minimally Invasive Fibroid Treatment Struggling with heavy periods, pelvic pain, or unexplained bloating? Get clarity on your... - [$150 Enlarged Prostate Screening](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/enlarged-prostate-screening/): Struggling with Enlarged Prostate Symptoms? Struggling with urinary symptoms? You may have Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Get clarity on your... - [Blog](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/blog/) - [主页](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/): 致力于提供专业和高质量的血管疾病治疗 血管与介入中心拥有一支高素质的医生团队，精通微创技术和医学治疗。我们的专科医生和工作人员团队努力在一个完全整合的诊所和日间手术中心为患者提供各种血管疾病的整体护理。 联系我们 了解您的医疗状况并选择最合适的治疗方案 查看所有服务 静脉曲张和蜘蛛静脉 静脉曲张是肿胀和扩大的血管，可能会给患有静脉曲张的人带来疼痛和不适。 阅读更多 外周动脉疾病 外周动脉疾病 (PAD) 是由胆固醇和钙沉积引起的为四肢供血的动脉变窄。 阅读更多 深静脉血栓形成 深静脉血栓形成 (DVT) 是一种血栓在下肢或上肢深静脉中自发形成的疾病。 阅读更多 主动脉瘤 当主动脉壁变弱并开始像气球一样向外凸出时，就会出现主动脉瘤... - [Contact Us](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/contact-vic/): OUR CONTACT INFORMATION Contact Us Now By Phone Number or Email Address VIC Day Surgery @ Novena Specialist Center Novena... - [Medical Conditions](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/medical-conditions/): Understanding Your Medical Conditions & Choose The Most Suitable Treatment Options Varicose & Spider Veins Varicose veins are swollen and... - [Terms & Conditions](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/terms-conditions/): Last updated: September 2020 Please read these Terms of Use (“Terms”, “Terms of Use”) carefully before using the https://www. sgvascularctr.... - [Pricacy Policy](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/privacy-policy/): Last updated: September 2020Vascular & Interventional Centre (“us”, “we”, or “our”) operates the Vascular & Interventional Centre website (the “Service”).... - [疾病信息](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/medical-conditions/): Understanding Your Medical Conditions & Choose The Most Suitable Treatment Options Varicose & Spider Veins Varicose veins are swollen and... - [Trang chủ](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/): Cam kết cung cấp chuyên môn và chất lượng trong chăm sóc mạch máu Trung tâm Can thiệp & Mạch... - [Tình trạng sức khỏe](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/medical-conditions/): Tận tình thăm khám bệnh và tư vấn phương án điều trị tối ưu cho người bệnh HUYẾT KHỐI TĨNH... - [Liên hệ](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/contact-vic/): Thông tin liên hệ Liên hệ với chúng tôi ngay bây giờ bằng số điện thoại hoặc địa chỉ email... - [联系我们](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/contact-vic/): 我们的联系信息 立即通过电话号码或电子邮件地址联系我们 VIC Day Surgery @ Novena Specialist Center Novena Specialist Center, Unit 06-08, 16, 17, 18, 19 8 Sinaran... - [Home](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/): Committed to Providing Expertise & Quality in Vascular Care The Vascular & Interventional Centre has a team of quality vascular... - [Insurance Coverage](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/insurance-and-medisave/): MEDICAL INSURANCE COVERAGE AND MEDISAVE The Orthopaedic and Pain Practice is MOH Medisave/Medishield Life accredited. We are partnered with most... - [VIC Day Surgery Centre](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/vic-day-surgery-centre/): The VIC Day Centre is our group’s latest concept and one of its kind in Singapore. Launched in April 2020... - [Insurance](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/insurance-and-medisave-2/): MEDICAL INSURANCE COVERAGE AND MEDISAVE The Vascular and Interventional Centre is MOH Medisave/Medishield Life accredited. We work with all major... - [VIC Day Surgery Centre](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/vic-day-surgery-centre/): 维多利亚国际中心日间中心是我们集团的最新理念，也是新加坡同类中心中的一个。该中心位于诺维娜专科中心，将于2020年4月投入使用。在这里，患者可以接受专科医生的诊疗、诊断检测，必要时还可以接受微创血管内/介入手术，无需入院，而且可以在同一地点无缝衔接，无需前往不同地点接受治疗。患者还将获得高度个性化的专业护理，以加快术后恢复。 我们的一站式中心占地 4000 平方英尺，设有混合手术室、恢复室、血管研究实验室、治疗室和诊室。我们的混合手术室配备了最新的飞利浦 Azurion Clarity Flexarm C20 高级荧光检查系统，这在亚洲和新加坡尚属首例。飞利浦 Azurion Flexarm 已通过 CE 认证，并获得美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 的 510k 许可，可在血管内手术和介入手术过程中提供先进的成像。因此，手术安全性更高，治疗效果更好，效率更高。我们很高兴能与飞利浦合作，成为其参考中心，并探索新的成像机会，以实现卓越的临床效果并加强对患者的护理。 患者安全一直是本中心的工作重点之一，因此我们在混合手术室安装了 Hepa... - [VIC Day Surgery Centre](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/vic-day-surgery-centre/): VIC Trung tâm Day Surgery là mô hình hiện đại nhất và duy nhất tại Singapore. Ra mắt vào tháng... --- ## Blog - [Understanding Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-peripheral-arterial-disease-pad/): Key Highlights Peripheral arterial disease, or PAD, affects blood flow to the limbs, mainly the legs. This happens when the... - [Understanding Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Causes & Treatment](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-pelvic-congestion-syndrome-causes-treatment-2/): Key Highlights Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) is a common but often missed issue for women. It is marked by long-lasting... - [Understanding Gangrene: Symptoms & Causes Explained](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-gangrene-symptoms-causes-explained/): Key Highlights Introduction Gangrene is a serious condition where tissue death happens occurs because of not enoughdue to insufficient blood... - [Understanding Dialysis: Types, Procedure & Side Effects](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-dialysis-types-procedure-side-effects/): Key Highlights When kidney disease leads to kidney failure, dialysis treatment becomes a source of hope. This important process replaces... - [Understanding Congested Pelvic: Causes & Treatment Options](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-congested-pelvic-causes-treatment-options/): Key Highlights Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a condition that many women don’t often get diagnosed with. It can cause... - [Beginner's Guide: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Treatment Basics](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/beginners-guide-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-treatment-basics/): Key Highlights An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a serious illness that needs focused medical care. It happens when a... - [Understanding Carotid Artery Disease Treatment](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-carotid-artery-disease-treatment/): Key Highlights Carotid artery disease treatment is very important for good vascular health. It’s necessary to understand this condition for... - [Understanding Benign Tumor Treatment Options](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-benign-tumor-treatment-options/): Key Highlights This blog talks about benign tumors, how they are diagnosed, and the benign tumor treatment options available in... - [Understanding Arterial Vein Disease in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-arterial-vein-disease-in-singapore/): Key Highlights One of the more common Aarterial vein diseases, also called Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), is a big health... - [Understanding Aortic Aneurysm: Symptoms & Causes](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-aortic-aneurysm-symptoms-causes/): Key Highlights The aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.... - [Beginner's Guide to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/beginners-guide-to-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-in-singapore-2/): Key Highlights Understanding health can be tough, especially with conditions like abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This beginner’s guide will explain... - [Innovative Clacs Singapore Treatments](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/innovative-clacs-singapore-treatments/): CLaCS (Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy) is a cutting-edge treatment for varicose veins and spider veins in Singapore. This procedure is minimally... - [UFE Singapore: Your Ultimate Guide to Uterine Fibroids](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/ufe-singapore-your-ultimate-guide-to-uterine-fibroids/): Key Highlights Introduction A uterine fibroid is a common issue for women that can be challenging in Singapore’s healthcare system.... - [Beginner's Guide to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/beginners-guide-to-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-in-singapore/): Key Highlights Understanding health can be tough, especially with conditions like abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This beginner’s guide will explain... - [Understanding Spider Vein Treatment Options](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-spider-vein-treatment-options/): Key Highlights Spider veins are small, colorful lines, like red, blue, or purple webs, that you can see just below... - [Varicocele Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/varicocele-treatment-in-singapore/): Key Highlights If you are looking for the best varicocele treatment Singapore is one of the top places to go.... - [Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Answers to Your Most Common Questions](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/varicose-vein-treatment-in-singapore-answers-to-your-most-common-questions/): This guide aims to provide answers to common questions about varicose veins from the viewpoint of a vascular surgeon. Whether... - [Uterine Fibroid Embolisation: Taking Control of Uterine Fibroids in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/uterine-fibroid-embolisation-taking-control-of-uterine-fibroids-in-singapore/): Uterine Fibroids in Singapore and Understanding Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Women’s health includes the care and well-being of the... - [Understanding Venous Malformation Treatments in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-venous-malformation-treatments-in-singapore/): Veins play a crucial role in carrying blood throughout our body. While arteries helps distribute oxygen and nutrients to the... - [Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Everything You Need to Know](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/varicose-vein-treatment-in-singapore-everything-you-need-to-know/): Veins as Vital Pathways in the Circulatory System The circulatory system is responsible for the transportation of blood throughout the... - [Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/varicose-vein-treatment-in-singapore-from-the-perspective-of-a-vascular-surgeon/): Understanding The Impact of Varicose Veins on Singaporeans Varicose veins, and their milder form known as spider veins, are swollen... - [Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Comprehensive Advice for Optimal Results](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/varicose-vein-treatment-in-singapore-comprehensive-advice-for-optimal-results/): Veins transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart. In the legs, blood initially gathers in the superficial veins, located just... - [A Comprehensive Approach to Lymphoedema Treatment: A Vascular Surgeon's Perspective](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-approach-to-lymphoedema-treatment-a-vascular-surgeons-perspective/): The Importance of the Body’s Lymphatic System The lymphatic system, often referred to as the body’s “sewage system,” plays a... - [Aortic Aneurysm: A Guide to Understanding the Risks and Treatment Options in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/aortic-aneurysm-a-guide-to-understanding-the-risks-and-treatment-options-in-singapore/): An Overview of Aortic Aneurysm The aorta plays a critical role in the circulatory system as the largest and main... - [From Detection to Recovery: A Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysms in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/from-detection-to-recovery-a-complete-guide-to-aortic-aneurysms-in-singapore/): What is an aortic aneurysm? An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a condition in which the aorta, the principal artery of... - [Finding an Interventional Pain Management Doctor in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-guide-to-finding-an-interventional-pain-management-doctor-in-singapore/): Introduction to Pain Management & Treatment Interventional pain management is a multidisciplinary approach that utilizes minimally invasive techniques to alleviate... - [Navigating Pain Relief: Radiofrequency Ablation for Pain Treatmentin Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/navigating-pain-relief-radiofrequency-ablation-in-singapore/): Exploring Chronic Pain and Pain Management Chronic pain is a persistent type of pain that lasts for more than three... - [Understanding Benign Tumors in the Uterus: The Causes, Risks, and Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-benign-tumors-in-the-uterus-the-causes-risks-and-treatment-options-for-uterine-fibroids/): What is a benign tumor? A benign tumor can be described as a non-cancerous, collection of abnormal cells. Uterine fibroids... - [A Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysm in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-complete-guide-to-aortic-aneurysm-in-singapore/): What is an aortic aneurysm? The aorta is a crucial component of the human circulatory system, serving as a major... - [Understanding Venous Leak Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-venous-leak-treatment-in-singapore/): To maintain a firm erection during sexual intercourse, blood needs to remain in the penis until ejaculation. This is achieved... - [Treatments for Gangrene: Insights from a Vascular Surgeon](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/treatments-for-gangrene-insights-from-a-vascular-surgeon/): Introduction to Gangrene: What is Gangrene and How Can it Affect You? Gangrene is a severe and potentially fatal medical... - [Guide to Aortic Aneurysm: Treatments in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-aortic-aneurysm-in-singapore/): The Purpose of the Aorta The aorta, a large vessel that begins from the heart and courses through the chest... - [A Comprehensive Guide to Vascular Services and Treatments in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-vascular-services-and-treatments-in-singapore/): In recent years, Singapore has proposed plans to overhaul its healthcare system in response to its swiftly aging population. This... - [新加坡主动脉瘤综合指南](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-aortic-aneurysm-in-singapore/): 主动脉的作用 主动脉是一条大血管，从心脏开始，穿过胸部和腹部，是负责将富含氧气的血液从心脏输送到身体各器官的主要动脉。 随着血液的流动，更小的血管分支向不同的组织供应血液。 主动脉壁变薄会导致隆起，当这种情况发生在腹部时，就会导致腹主动脉瘤，这是一种潜在危险的动脉扩张，需要就医以预防并发症。 (http://www. gadacanada. ca/aorta-taad) 主动脉瘤概述 动脉瘤的形成是由于动脉壁的强度降低，动脉内的压力积聚，导致动脉壁的薄弱部分突出。 这种向外凸出的现象被认定为动脉瘤。 具体来说，腹主动脉瘤（AAA）是指负责将血液从心脏输送到全身的主要血管主动脉扩张。 This artery courses through the torso, supplying blood to... - [Hướng dẫn toàn diện về phình động mạch chủ ở Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-aortic-aneurysm-in-singapore/): Mục đích của động mạch chủ Động mạch chủ, một mạch lớn bắt đầu từ tim và chạy qua ngực... - [Hướng dẫn toàn diện về các dịch vụ và phương pháp điều trị mạch máu ở Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-vascular-services-and-treatments-in-singapore/): Trong những năm gần đây, Singapore đã đề xuất kế hoạch đại tu hệ thống chăm sóc sức khỏe của... - [新加坡血管服务和治疗综合指南](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-vascular-services-and-treatments-in-singapore/): 近年来，新加坡提出了全面改革医疗保健系统的计划，以应对迅速老龄化的人口。 这一重大变革旨在满足老年人群的独特医疗保健需求，改善预防性医疗服务，并为各种健康状况提供更多帮助。 考虑到人口结构的变化，政府的战略包括建立创新的护理框架、利用先进技术和加强社区医疗保健，以确保为所有年龄段的个人提供一流的医疗服务。 为此，医疗机构正在进行全面转型，以更好地满足老年人群的特殊需求。 (https://ctvstexas. com/common-vascular-questions-answered/) 血管外科医生在新加坡不断变化的环境中的作用 血管外科是一个重要的医学专科，专门诊断和治疗影响心脏和大脑以外的血管、动脉、静脉和淋巴管的疾病。 随着新加坡人口出现明显的老龄化趋势，对技术娴熟的血管外科医生的需求明显上升。 这种激增是由于主动脉瘤、外周动脉疾病、静脉曲张和需要透析的肾衰竭等疾病的发病率不断上升。 血管外科手术的复杂性要求我们具备专门的技能和深厚的专业知识，以确保成功处理此类错综复杂的病例。 由于有一系列创新方法和医疗设备可用于干预，因此选择一名优秀的血管外科医生至关重要。 尤其是在主动脉瘤或颈动脉疾病等高风险情况下，这种选择可能是决定性因素。 随着血管外科领域的不断发展，经验丰富的外科医生成为医疗干预和患者最佳治疗效果之间的桥梁。 血管外科医生开展的手术类型 血管外科是一个专门的医学领域，致力于解决与血管和血液循环有关的问题。 这包括负责将血液输送到全身的错综复杂的动脉和静脉网络。 与以心脏为重点的心脏外科不同，血管外科主要集中于心脏以外的血管，大部分是脑血管。 该外科分支采用一系列技术来治疗各种血管疾病。 血管外科医生接受过广泛的培训，能够精准、专业地处理这些复杂的病症。... - [A Comprehensive Guide to Deep Vein Thrombosis Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-deep-vein-thrombosis-treatment-in-singapore/): The Significance and Function of Veins in the Human Body Veins are responsible for returning blood from various organs back... - [Understanding Dialysis Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-dialysis-treatment-in-singapore/): Overview of Kidney Function & Dialysis Treatment In a healthy body, the kidneys act as filters and clean around half... - [新加坡深静脉血栓治疗综合指南](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-deep-vein-thrombosis-treatment-in-singapore/): 人体静脉的意义和功能 静脉负责将血液从各个器官输送回心脏，而动脉则将富含氧气和营养物质的血液从心脏输送到身体的各个部位。 很多静脉，尤其是手臂和腿部的静脉，都有单向阀。 这些阀门由两个边缘相接的瓣膜组成。 顺着心脏方向流动的血液会使这些瓣膜打开，就像一对只朝一个方向移动的旋转门。 如果重力或肌肉收缩试图逆转血流，或者血液试图在静脉内积聚，这些瓣膜就会自动关闭，防止血液倒流。 因此，这些瓣膜有助于血液回流到心脏，在血液流向心脏时打开，在可能出现逆流时关闭。 (https://veinscarolina. com/a-discussion-about-venous-reflux-with-vein-specialist-dr-david-draughn/) 人体深静脉及其重要作用 位于身体深处的静脉被称为深静脉。 这些静脉明显比浅表静脉大，浅表静脉是靠近身体表面的静脉。 下肢有七条主要的深静脉，包括腘静脉、腓静脉、股深静脉、股总静脉、股静脉、胫前静脉和胫后静脉。 它们的共同作用是运送人体的大部分血量。 然而，这些通道的潜在阻塞会导致严重的生命危险。 这些阻塞会导致深静脉血栓形成（DVT）等病症，在这些深静脉中会出现血凝块。 (https://www. bcm. edu/healthcare/specialties/cardiovascular-medicine/vascular-health/deep-vein-thrombosis) 深静脉血栓概述... - [Hướng dẫn toàn diện về điều trị huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu ở Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-deep-vein-thrombosis-treatment-in-singapore/): Tầm quan trọng và chức năng của tĩnh mạch trong cơ thể con người Tĩnh mạch chịu trách nhiệm đưa... - [了解新加坡的透析治疗](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-dialysis-treatment-in-singapore/): 肾功能和透析治疗概述 在健康的身体中，肾脏起着过滤器的作用，每分钟能清洁约半杯血液。 它们排出废物和多余的水分，形成尿液。 然后，尿液通过细长的肌肉管道（膀胱两侧各一条）从肾脏进入膀胱。 膀胱会储存这些尿液，直到需要排出时才排出。 所有这些部分–肾脏、输尿管和膀胱–共同组成了您的尿路。 (https://visualsonline. cancer. gov/details. cfm? imageid=9050) 患有高血压和糖尿病等疾病会增加患肾衰竭的几率。 肾衰竭也可能来自身体损伤、疾病和其他病症等伤害性来源。 当肾脏工作不正常时，废物就会在体内堆积。 透析接手了清洁血液的工作，通过排出多余的液体和废物来保持身体平衡。 此外，它还有助于控制血压，这对人体健康非常重要。 透析为医疗带来了革命性的变化，已发展成为治疗肾功能障碍的关键疗法。 它已成为解决肾衰竭的标准方法。 此后，这一干预措施改变了全世界无数人的生活。 新加坡的透析类型和透析程序... - [Tìm hiểu về điều trị lọc máu ở Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-dialysis-treatment-in-singapore/): Tổng quan về chức năng thận &; điều trị lọc máu Trong một cơ thể khỏe mạnh, thận hoạt động... - [Treating Carotid Artery Disease: An Overview of Treatment Options in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/treating-carotid-artery-disease-an-overview-of-treatment-options-in-singapore/): Carotid arteries, vital vessels in your neck, supply blood to your brain and head. 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These veins play a... - [A Specialist's Guide to Dialysis Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-specialists-guide-to-dialysis-treatment-in-singapore/) - [Exploring Vascular Malformations: Informative Guide for Singaporeans](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/exploring-vascular-malformations-informative-guide-for-singaporeans/) - [Tackling Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: A Comprehensive Guide for Singaporeans](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/tackling-pelvic-congestion-syndrome-a-comprehensive-guide-for-singaporeans/) - [Revealing the Latest Innovations in Carotid Artery Disease Treatment](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/revealing-the-latest-innovations-in-carotid-artery-disease-treatment/) - [An Introduction to Vascular Surgery in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/an-introduction-to-vascular-surgery-in-singapore/) - [The Definitive Guide to Enlarged Prostate Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/the-definitive-guide-to-enlarged-prostate-treatment-in-singapore/): An enlarged prostate, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition that affects men as they age.... - [Get to Know the Benefits of Having a Vascular Surgeon in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/get-to-know-the-benefits-of-having-a-vascular-surgeon-in-singapore/): We understand how important it is to have access to quality healthcare and treatment that meets your needs. Singapore’s medical... - [Everything You Need to Know About Treatment for DVT in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-treatment-for-dvt-in-singapore/): Introduction to DVT Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms inside a deep vein within the body,... - [Guide to Uterine Fibroids in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-uterine-fibroids-in-singapore/): Uterine fibroids are a common yet serious medical issue that affects women of all ages in Singapore. They’re non-cancerous growths... - [Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/varicose-vein-treatment-in-singapore-a-comprehensive-guide/): What are Varicose Veins? 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When you stick your arm out, you may see blue or green lines under the skin running... - [Do I need chronic leg ulcer treatment in Singapore?](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/do-i-need-chronic-leg-ulcer-treatment-in-singapore/): Home remedies and medical treatment options Chronic leg ulcers are open wounds or sores that do not heal even after... - [Living with Diabetes: How to Prevent Gangrene](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/living-with-diabetes-how-to-prevent-gangrene/): You may have heard that people with diabetes need to be more careful because they are at a higher risk... - [Types of Treatments for Vascular Diseases](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/types-of-treatments-for-vascular-diseases/): Vascular diseases are any diseases which primarily affect the blood vessels (mostly veins and arteries); they can affect people of... - [Introduction to Vascular Diseases](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/introduction-to-vascular-diseases/): What are vascular diseases? 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Singapore clinics have applied radiofrequency in neurotomy, which is... - [Do I have Uterine Fibroids?](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/do-i-have-uterine-fibroids/): Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Causes, symptoms, and prevention of uterine fibroids, explained. How to tell if you need uterine... - [All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/all-you-need-to-know-about-uterine-fibroids-2/?lang=vi): Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Why you might need fibroids treatment, Singapore. WHAT ARE UTERINE FIBROIDS? Uterine fibroids are a common... - [All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/all-you-need-to-know-about-uterine-fibroids/): Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Why you might need fibroids treatment, Singapore. WHAT ARE UTERINE FIBROIDS? Uterine fibroids are a common... - [All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/all-you-need-to-know-about-uterine-fibroids/): Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Why you might need fibroids treatment, Singapore. WHAT ARE UTERINE FIBROIDS? Uterine fibroids are a common... - [DIABETES MANAGEMENT WEBINAR REPLAY](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/diabetes-management-webinar-replay/): What is Peripheral Artery Disease? Prevalence of Diabetes Types of Diabetes What is Diabetes? - [PAIN MANAGEMENT WEBINAR REPLAY](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/pain-management-webinar-replay/): If you missed our Pain Management Webinar, or want to rewatch it, here are the video links to the recorded... - [WOMEN’S HEALTH WEBINAR REPLAY](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/womens-health-webinar-replay/): Cervical Cancer by Dr Zhao 3 Gynaecological Issues by Dr Dharshini Uterine Fibroids Embolisation by Dr Manish Less Vein, Less... - [MEN’S HEALTH WEBINAR REPLAY](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/mens-health-webinar-replay/): If you missed our men’s health webinar, or want to rewatch it, here are the video links to the recorded... --- ## Services - [主动脉瘤](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/aortic-aneurysm/): 当主动脉壁变弱并开始像气球一样向外凸出时，就会出现主动脉瘤 (AA)。 - [脑动脉瘤](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/brain-aneurysm/): 脑动脉瘤是供应大脑的血管膨胀或膨胀。 40-60 岁的人最容易受到影响。 - [颈动脉疾病](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/carotid-artery-disease/): 当两条主要颈动脉中的一条或两条“硬化”并被斑块沉积物堵塞时，就会发生颈动脉疾病 (CAD)。 - [淋巴水肿](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/lymphoedema/): 淋巴水肿是由于负责运输淋巴的血管衰竭而影响四肢的肿胀。 - [疼痛管理](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/interventional-pain-treatments/): 介入性疼痛管理涉及专门设计用于缓解或减轻疼痛的微创技术。 - [外周动脉疾病](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/peripheral-arterial-disease/): 外周动脉疾病 (PAD) 是由胆固醇和钙沉积引起的为四肢供血的动脉变窄。 - [中风](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/stroke-prevention-management/): 中风是当大脑某一部分的血液供应被切断时，人的大脑功能受损。 - [血管畸形](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vascular-malformations/): 血管畸形是可能发生在身体任何部位的动脉、静脉和/或淋巴管的异常生长。 - [肾透析通路](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/kidney-dialysis-vascular-access-management/): 透析通路管理帮助肾透析患者照顾他们的通路，并通过微创手术治疗功能失调的通路。 - [Aortic Aneurysm](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/aortic-aneurysm/): An Aortic Aneurysm (AA) develops when the wall of the aorta weakens and begins to bulge outwards like a balloon. - [盆腔充血综合征](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/pelvic-congestion-syndrome/): 盆腔充血综合征是一种影响女性的慢性疾病，由下腹部或骨盆的静脉曲张引起。 - [纤维瘤](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/fibroid-problems/): 我们提供一种微创和无切口的方法来治疗子宫肌瘤并保护子宫。 - [勃起功能障碍](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/erectile-dysfunction/): 勃起功能障碍是无法勃起或保持勃起，而静脉渗漏是造成勃起功能障碍的 80% 以上的原因。 - [深静脉血栓形成](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vein-diseases/): 深静脉血栓形成 (DVT) 是一种血栓在下肢或上肢深静脉中自发形成的疾病。 - [阴囊疼痛（精索静脉曲张）](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/varicocele/): 精索静脉曲张是阴囊内扩张的静脉缠结的病症，睾丸静脉中的瓣膜失效，血液倒流并汇集，导致疼痛的充血和肿胀。 - [前列腺肥大](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/enlarged-prostate/): 良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 是前列腺的扩大，其中扩大的前列腺压迫尿道，这会影响尿液的流动和通过。 - [Brain Aneurysm](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/brain-aneurysm/): Brain aneurysm is the bulging or ballooning of a blood vessel supplying the brain. Those aged 40-60 years are most... - [Kidney Dialysis Access](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/kidney-dialysis-vascular-access-management/): Dialysis access management helps kidney dialysis patients care for their accesses and treats dysfunctional accesses with minimally invasive procedures. - [Interventional Cancer Treatments](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/benign-tumours-and-cancers-2/): Interventional oncology procedures include biopsies, minimally invasive treatments of cancer. - [Pain Management](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/interventional-pain-treatments/): Interventional pain management involves minimally invasive techniques specifically designed to relieve or reduce pain. - [Fibroids](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/fibroid-problems/): We provide a minimally invasive and no-incision method to treat fibroids and to preserve the uterus. - [Enlarged Prostate](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/enlarged-prostate/): Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland where the enlarged prostate compresses on the urine channel... - [介入性癌症治疗](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/benign-tumours-and-cancers-2/): 介入肿瘤学程序包括活检、癌症的微创治疗。 - [Can thiệp nội mạch trong điều trị ung thư](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/benign-tumours-and-cancers-2/): Can thiệp điều trị Ung thư là một lĩnh vực chuyên môn mở rộng nhanh chóng của ngành X quang... - [Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vein-diseases/): Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) là tình trạng cục máu đông hình thành một cách tự nhiên trong các... - [Thẩm tách mạch máu đối với bệnh nhân lọc thận](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/kidney-dialysis-vascular-access-management/): Thẩm tách mạch máu là kiểm tra tình trạng mạch máu được sử dụng để đảm bảo người bệnh lọc... - [Vascular Malformations](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vascular-malformations/): A vascular malformation is an abnormal growth of the arteries, veins and/or lymphatic vessels that can occur anywhere in the... - [Erectile Dysfunction](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/erectile-dysfunction/): Erectile dysfunction is the inability to get or keep an erection and venous leak is responsible for over 80% of... - [Pelvic Congestion Syndrome](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/pelvic-congestion-syndrome/): Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a chronic condition that affects women and is caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen... - [Carotid Arterial Disease](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/carotid-artery-disease/): Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when one or both of the two main neck arteries “harden” and get clogged with... - [Varicose & Spider Veins](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vein-diseases-varicose-veins/): Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that may cause pain and discomfort to those who have it. - [Lymphoedema](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/lymphoedema/): Lymphoedema is swelling which affects the limbs due to failure of the vessels responsible for transporting the lymph. - [Scrotal Pain (Varicocele)](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/varicocele/): A varicocele is a condition of tangled dilated veins within the scrotum where the valves in the testicular veins fail,... - [Deep Vein Thrombosis](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vein-diseases/): Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots form spontaneously in the deep veins of the lower... - [Peripheral Arterial Disease](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/peripheral-arterial-disease/): Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of arteries that supply blood to the limbs caused by cholesterol & calcium... - [Stroke](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/stroke-prevention-management/): A stroke is the impairment of a person’s brain function when the blood supply to a certain part of the... - [静脉曲张和蜘蛛静脉](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vein-diseases-varicose-veins/): 静脉曲张是肿胀和扩大的血管，可能会给患有静脉曲张的人带来疼痛和不适。 - [Suy giãn tĩnh mạch và mạch máu hình mạng nhện](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vein-diseases-varicose-veins/): Suy giãn tĩnh mạch là bệnh phình mạch máu và là nguyên nhân gây đau và khó chịu cho người... - [Hẹp mạch máu ngoại biên](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/peripheral-arterial-disease/): Bệnh động mạch ngoại biên (PAD) là bệnh thu hẹp các mạch máu (động mạch) cung cấp lưu lượng máu... - [Chứng phình động mạch chủ](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/aortic-aneurysm/): Phình động mạch chủ (AA) xuất hiện khi thành động mạch chủ yếu đi và bắt đầu phình ra như... - [Dị dạng mạch máu não](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/brain-aneurysm/): Dị dạng mạch máu não là hiện tượng mạch máu não phình đại bất thường. Thường xuất hiện ở độ... - [Xuất huyết mạch máu não](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/stroke-prevention-management/): Hiện tượng xuất huyết mạch máu não xảy ra khi mạch máu não bị vỡ - [Bệnh động mạch cảnh](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/carotid-artery-disease/): Bệnh động mạch cảnh (CAD) xuất hiện khi hai động mạch cảnh ở cổ bị hẹp hoặc tắc nghẽn - [Dị dạng mạch máu](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/vascular-malformations/): Dị dạng mạch máu là sự tăng trưởng bất thường bao gồm các động mạch, tĩnh mạch và / hoặc... - [Vết thương mạn tính](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/lymphoedema/): Đây là hiện tượng gây phù nề bàn chân do vết thương không thể lành. Nguyên nhân do mạch máu... - [Đau vùng hạ bộ](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/varicocele/): Là triệu chứng đau do giãn tĩnh mạch bìu tinh hoàn. Là bệnh lý ảnh hưởng đến nam giới và... - [Rối loạn cương cứng](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/erectile-dysfunction/): Chứng rối loạn cương cứng thường xảy ra khi người đàn ông không thể cương cứng được nguyên nhân do... - [Phình đại tiền liệt tuyến](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/enlarged-prostate/): Tuyến tiền liệt phình đại lành tính (BPH) là hiện tượng tuyến tiền liệt phình đại chèn ép vào đường... - [U xơ tử cung](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/fibroid-problems/): Điều trị u xơ tử cung bằng phương pháp ít xâm lấn và an toàn không ảnh hưởng tới tử... - [Chứng đau co thắt phần bụng dưới](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/pelvic-congestion-syndrome/): Đau co thắt vùng bụng dưới là chứng bệnh mạn tính nếu không được điều trị. Nguyên nhân do mạch... - [Điều trị giảm đau](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/service/interventional-pain-treatments/): Điều trị giảm đau bằng phương pháp can thiệp nội mạch là phương pháp điều trị an toàn và xâm... --- ## Doctor - [Chen Min Qi 医生](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/doctor/dr-chen-min-qi/): Chen Min Qi 医生 资格 MBBS（新加坡） MMed（普通外科） MRCSed FRCSed（普通外科） 专业 血管与血管内手术 会员资格 新加坡血管与血管内外科医师协会 (SVESS) 新加坡医学会 介绍 陈敏奇医生是一位经过专科培训的血管和血管内外科医生，拥有丰富的手术经验。陈医生于 2005 年毕业于新加坡国立大学，获得 MBBS（医学学士和外科学士学位）资格。随后，他在... - [Bác sĩ Chen Min Qi](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/doctor/dr-chen-min-qi/): Dr Chen Min Qi Giới thiệu Bác sĩ Chen Min Qi là Bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu và nội... - [Dr Chen Min Qi](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/doctor/dr-chen-min-qi/): Chen Min Qi 医生 Consultant Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore) MMed (General Surgery) MRCSed FRCSed (General Surgery) Specialty... - [Benjamin Chua 医生](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/doctor/dr-benjamin-chua/): Benjamin Chua 医生 Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore), MHSc (Duke), MRCSEd, FRCSEd (General Surgery), Fellowship, Advanced... - [Bác sĩ Benjamin Chua](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/doctor/dr-benjamin-chua/): Bác sĩ Benjamin Chua Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore), MHSc (Duke), MRCSEd, FRCSEd (General Surgery), Fellowship,... - [Dr Benjamin Chua](https://www.sgvascularctr.com/doctor/dr-benjamin-chua/): Dr Benjamin Chua Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore), MHSc (Duke), MRCSEd, FRCSEd (General Surgery), Fellowship, Advanced... --- # # Detailed Content ## Pages - Translation Priorities: Optional Regain Control with Minimally Invasive Fibroid Treatment Struggling with heavy periods, pelvic pain, or unexplained bloating? Get clarity on your symptoms with our $150 fibroid screening which includes a specialist consultation and diagnostic ultrasound. Book Your Screening Now What Are Uterine Fibroids? Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths in or around the uterus, commonly affecting women aged 30–50. They can vary in size, from as small as a seed to as large as a grapefruit, and may appear as a single growth or multiple clusters. Many women don’t realise their symptoms are fibroid-related. Ask yourself: Are your periods extremely heavy or painful? Do you experience bloating or a "full" feeling in your pelvis? Do you need to urinate frequently? Have you noticed anemia or fatigue due to blood loss? Have you experienced pain during intercourse? If you answered YES, an ultrasound can confirm whether fibroids are the cause. The good news? They are treatable—and surgery is not your only option. At Vascular and Interventional Centre, we specialise in Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE), a minimally invasive, non-surgical treatment that effectively shrinks fibroids without the long downtime. You Have Options, Including Non-Surgical Ones Traditionally, fibroids have been treated through: Routine screening To monitor growth of fibroids Hormonal medication To manage symptoms temporarily Surgical options Myomectomy: removal of fibroids Hysterectomy: removal of uterusBut surgery isn’t for everyone. These options typically involve: Long recovery times (4-8 weeks recovery) Surgical incisions required Hospital stay and surgical risks Higher costs due to operating room and anaesthesia (facility fees) Potential impact on fertility That’s where Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE) comes in. What is Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE)? A non-surgical, outpatient procedure that: Requires only a single puncture (no large scars) Has a recovery time of just a few days (vs. weeks for surgery) Preserves your uterus (no hysterectomy needed) Costs significantly less than surgery Typically covered under Medisave and insurance (depending on your plan)   How does it work? Using advanced imaging guidance, our vascular surgeons injects particles through a tiny catheter at the groin or wrist directly to the blood vessels feeding your fibroids, cutting off their blood supply. Without blood flow, fibroids shrink naturally over time. What is Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE)? A non-surgical, outpatient procedure that: Requires only a single puncture (no large scars) Has a recovery time of just a few days (vs. weeks for surgery) Preserves your uterus (no hysterectomy needed) Costs significantly less than surgery Typically covered under Medisave and insurance (depending on your plan) How does it work? Using advanced imaging guidance, our vascular surgeons injects particles through a tiny catheter at the groin or wrist directly to the blood vessels feeding your fibroids, cutting off their blood supply. Without blood flow, fibroids shrink naturally over time. Why Choose the Vascular and Interventional Centre? At our centre, you’ll be seen by our team of trusted vascular specialists with extensive experience in fibroid management through UFE. We offer: Personalised consultations tailored to your symptoms and lifestyle In-house diagnostic ultrasound to assess your fibroids accurately Clear, honest explanation of your treatment options, including risks and benefits Fast, same-day procedures with our in-house hybrid operating theatre Why Choose the Vascular and Interventional Centre? At our centre, you’ll be seen by our team of trusted vascular specialists with extensive experience in fibroid management through UFE. We offer: Personalised consultations tailored to your symptoms and lifestyle In-house diagnostic ultrasound to assess your fibroids accurately Clear, honest explanation of your treatment options, including risks and benefits Fast, same-day procedures with our in-house hybrid operating theatre Take the First Step $150 for Consultation + Ultrasound Your journey starts with a no-obligation consultation that includes: Full evaluation by our vascular specialist Ultrasound imaging of the uterus Discussion of treatment options, including UFE Answers to all your questions—no pressure Don’t wait for symptoms to worsen or let fear of surgery hold you back. Discover your options, safely and effectively. Book Your Screening Now FAQs About Fibroids and UFE Will fibroids go away on their own? Some shrink after menopause, but most fibroids grow over time and can worsen symptoms. Early assessment is key. Can UFE treat all types of fibroids? Most types and sizes of fibroids can be treated with UFE. Your ultrasound will help determine suitability. Will UFE affect my fertility? UFE preserves the uterus and has helped many women retain or restore fertility, though outcomes vary. Our specialist will guide you in your specific case. Is UFE painful? Most women experience mild cramping after the procedure, manageable with over-the-counter pain relievers. How long does the UFE procedure take? The procedure itself takes about 30-60 minutes, with most patients going home the same day. Will fibroids come back after UFE? UFE has a low recurrence rate—most women experience long-term relief --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Struggling with Enlarged Prostate Symptoms? Struggling with urinary symptoms? You may have Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Get clarity on your symptoms with our $150 prostate screening which includes a specialist consultation and diagnostic ultrasound. Book Your Screening Now What is an Enlarged Prostate? An enlarged prostate, also known as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition affecting men, particularly over the age of 50. It occurs when the prostate gland grows larger and begins to press against the urethra, causing troublesome urinary symptoms. It’s not cancer, but it can seriously affect your daily quality of life. Many men don’t realise their symptoms are prostate-related. Ask yourself: Do you wake up at night needing to urinate? Is your urine flow weak or slow? Do you struggle to start urinating? Do you feel like you never fully empty your bladder? Do you urgently need to rush to the toilet? If you answered YES, an ultrasound can confirm whether an enlarged prostate is the cause. The good news? They are treatable, and surgery is not your only option. At Vascular and Interventional Centre, we specialise in Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE), a minimally invasive, non-surgical treatment that effectively shrinks enlarged prostates without the long downtime. You Have Options, Including Non-Surgical Ones Traditionally, enlarged prostates have been managed through: Lifestyle modifications To monitor symptoms Medication To manage symptoms temporarily Surgical options TURP: surgically cut away excess prostate tissue PUL: small implants placed to decompress the urethraBut surgery isn’t for everyone. These options typically involve: Long recovery times Surgical incisions required Hospital stay and surgical risks Higher costs due to operating room and anaesthesia (facility fees) Potential impact on fertility Possibility of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction That’s where Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE) comes in. What is Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE)? A non-surgical, outpatient procedure that: Requires only a single puncture (no large scars) Has a recovery time of just a few days (vs. weeks for surgery) Preserves your sexual function Costs significantly less than surgery Typically covered under Medisave and insurance (depending on your plan) Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE) How does it work? Using advanced imaging guidance, our vascular surgeons injects particles through a tiny catheter at the groin directly to the blood vessels feeding your prostate, cutting off their blood supply. Without blood flow, prostates shrink naturally over time. What is Prostate Artery Embolisation (UFE)? A non-surgical, outpatient procedure that: Requires only a single puncture (no large scars)Has a recovery time of just a few days (vs. weeks for surgery)Preserves your sexual functionCosts significantly less than surgeryTypically covered under Medisave and insurance (depending on your plan) Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE) How does it work? Using advanced imaging guidance, our vascular surgeons injects particles through a tiny catheter at the groin directly to the blood vessels feeding your prostate, cutting off their blood supply. Without blood flow, enlarged prostates shrink naturally over time. Why Choose the Vascular and Interventional Centre? At our centre, you’ll be seen by our team of trusted vascular specialists with extensive experience in prostate management through PAE. We offer: Personalised consultations tailored to your symptoms and lifestyle In-house diagnostic ultrasound to assess your prostate accurately Clear, honest explanation of your treatment options, including risks and benefits Fast, same-day procedures with our in-house hybrid operating theatre Why Choose the Vascular and Interventional Centre? At our centre, you’ll be seen by our team of trusted vascular specialists with extensive experience in prostate management through PAE. We offer: Personalised consultations tailored to your symptoms and lifestyle In-house diagnostic ultrasound to assess your prostate accurately Clear, honest explanation of your treatment options, including risks and benefits Fast, same-day procedures with our in-house hybrid operating theatre Take the First Step $150 for Consultation + Ultrasound Your journey starts with a no-obligation consultation that includes: Full evaluation by our vascular specialist Ultrasound imaging of the prostate Discussion of treatment options, including PAE Answers to all your questions—no pressure Don’t wait for symptoms to worsen or let fear of surgery hold you back. Discover your options, safely and effectively. Book Your Screening Now FAQs About Enlarged Prostate and PAE Will an enlarged prostate (BPH) go away on its own? No, BPH typically progresses over time and can worsen symptoms. While some lifestyle changes may offer minor relief, the prostate usually continues to grow. Early assessment is key to managing symptoms effectively. Is BPH a serious condition? While BPH is non-cancerous, it can significantly impact your quality of life and, if left untreated, can lead to complications like urinary tract infections, bladder stones, or kidney damage. It’s serious enough to warrant professional medical attention if symptoms are bothersome. Is PAE a safe procedure? Yes. PAE is a well-established, evidence-based procedure with a strong safety record. It’s performed by highly trained vascular surgeons using advanced imaging. Can PAE treat all types of enlarged prostates? PAE is suitable for a wide range of prostate sizes and types of BPH. Your specialist will review your specific case during the consultation and ultrasound to determine suitability. Will PAE affect my sexual function? PAE is known for its safety profile regarding sexual function. Unlike TURP, PAE preserves sexual function with minimal risk of retrograde ejaculation. Is PAE painful? Most patients experience mild pelvic discomfort or cramping for a few days after the procedure, which is generally well-managed with over-the-counter pain relievers. The procedure itself is done under local anesthesia and sedation. How long does the PAE procedure take? The procedure itself typically takes between 1 to 2 hours, depending on the individual’s anatomy. Most patients can go home on the same day. How quickly will I see results after PAE? While some improvement may be felt within a few days, the prostate shrinks gradually. Significant symptom relief is typically noticed over 2-4 weeks to a few months as the prostate continues to reduce in size. Will my BPH symptoms return after PAE? PAE has a low recurrence rate. Most men experience long-term relief from their BPH symptoms following the procedure, with studies showing durable results for many years. What is the cost of PAE compared to traditional surgery in Singapore? While costs vary, PAE is often a more cost-effective option than traditional BPH surgeries. This is partly due to it being less invasive, often performed as an outpatient procedure, and typically requiring a shorter recovery period. Our doctors discuss specific costs during your consultation. --- - Translation Priorities: Optional, Optional 致力于提供专业和高质量的血管疾病治疗 血管与介入中心拥有一支高素质的医生团队，精通微创技术和医学治疗。我们的专科医生和工作人员团队努力在一个完全整合的诊所和日间手术中心为患者提供各种血管疾病的整体护理。 联系我们 了解您的医疗状况并选择最合适的治疗方案 查看所有服务 静脉曲张和蜘蛛静脉 静脉曲张是肿胀和扩大的血管，可能会给患有静脉曲张的人带来疼痛和不适。 阅读更多 外周动脉疾病 外周动脉疾病 (PAD) 是由胆固醇和钙沉积引起的为四肢供血的动脉变窄。 阅读更多 深静脉血栓形成 深静脉血栓形成 (DVT) 是一种血栓在下肢或上肢深静脉中自发形成的疾病。 阅读更多 主动脉瘤 当主动脉壁变弱并开始像气球一样向外凸出时，就会出现主动脉瘤 (AA)。 阅读更多 脑动脉瘤 脑动脉瘤是供应大脑的血管膨胀或膨胀。 40-60 岁的人最容易受到影响。 阅读更多 中风 中风是当大脑某一部分的血液供应被切断时，人的大脑功能受损。 阅读更多 颈动脉疾病 当两条主要颈动脉中的一条或两条“硬化”并被斑块沉积物堵塞时，就会发生颈动脉疾病 (CAD)。 阅读更多 血管畸形 血管畸形是可能发生在身体任何部位的动脉、静脉和/或淋巴管的异常生长。 阅读更多 淋巴水肿 淋巴水肿是由于负责运输淋巴的血管衰竭而影响四肢的肿胀。 阅读更多 阴囊疼痛（精索静脉曲张） 精索静脉曲张是阴囊内扩张的静脉缠结的病症，睾丸静脉中的瓣膜失效，血液倒流并汇集，导致疼痛的充血和肿胀。 阅读更多 勃起功能障碍 勃起功能障碍是无法勃起或保持勃起，而静脉渗漏是造成勃起功能障碍的 80% 以上的原因。 阅读更多 前列腺肥大 良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 是前列腺的扩大，其中扩大的前列腺压迫尿道，这会影响尿液的流动和通过。 阅读更多 纤维瘤 我们提供一种微创和无切口的方法来治疗子宫肌瘤并保护子宫。 阅读更多 盆腔充血综合征 盆腔充血综合征是一种影响女性的慢性疾病，由下腹部或骨盆的静脉曲张引起。 阅读更多 疼痛管理 介入性疼痛管理涉及专门设计用于缓解或减轻疼痛的微创技术。 阅读更多 肾透析通路 透析通路管理帮助肾透析患者照顾他们的通路，并通过微创手术治疗功能失调的通路。 阅读更多 介入性癌症治疗 介入肿瘤学程序包括活检、癌症的微创治疗。 阅读更多 预约 09:00-10:0010:00-11:0011:00-12:0012:00-13:0013:00-14:0014:00-15:0015:00-16:0016:00-17:00 Send Message 致力于提供血管护理方面的专业知识和质量 血管和介入中心 (VIC) 成立于 2015 年 3 月，是一家总部位于新加坡的私人诊所，致力于提供与血管、循环和淋巴系统相关的疾病的综合护理和管理。最近，VIC 扩大了其产品组合，以开发介入工作其他方面的专业知识，包括介入肿瘤学、介入疼痛管理、介入妇科和生活方式介入程序，以便为其患者提供更全面的护理。 随着我们于 2020 年 4 月在 VIC 日间手术中心@Novena 专科中心的最新加入，我们在新加坡开发了一个同类中心，我们的专家作为一个协作的多专科团队工作，为患者提供从咨询和诊断到诊断的无缝护理程序和恢复在一个位置。 我们自己的日间手术设施 与主要医院合作 与主要保险公司合作 多个诊所地点 40 多年 临床经验 认证专家 Our Recent Services Our Cases & Patient Stories We Create Beautiful Smiles 静脉曲张和蜘蛛静脉 Prosthodontics Dentist 外周动脉疾病 Prosthodontics Dentist 深静脉血栓形成 Prosthodontics Dentist 我们的专家 Benjamin Chua 博士和 Chen Min Qi 博士 Benjamin Chua 医生 Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Our Clients Review Real Review From Our Real Customer View All Review Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. 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Smith Jorge Designer 随时了解我们的最新信息 网络研讨会、文章、视频和小册子 查看我们的资源 --- - Translation Priorities: Optional OUR CONTACT INFORMATION Contact Us Now By Phone Number or Email Address VIC Day Surgery @ Novena Specialist Center Novena Specialist Center, Unit 06-08, 16, 17, 18, 19 8 Sinaran Drive Singapore 307470 Tel: +65 6694 6270 Fax: +65 6694 6245 VIC @ Gleneagles Medical Centre Gleneagles Medical Centre Unit 09-14 6 Napier Road Singapore 258499 Tel: +65 6270 0255 Fax: +65 6270 9255 VIC @ Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, Specialist Centre Mt Elizabeth Novena Specialist Center, Unit 07-38 38 Irrawaddy Road Singapore 329563 Tel: +65 6334 5120 Fax: +65 6684 2194 VIC @ Thomson Surgical Centre Thomson Medical Centre Unit 03-01 339 Thomson Road Singapore 307667 Tel: +65 6251 8884 Fax: +65 6261 3632 MAKE AN APPOINTMENT Fill In Your Information & We Will Be In Touch As Soon As We Can 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send Message --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Understanding Your Medical Conditions & Choose The Most Suitable Treatment Options Varicose & Spider Veins Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that may cause pain and discomfort to those who have it. Read More Peripheral Arterial Disease Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of arteries that supply blood to the limbs caused by cholesterol & calcium deposits. Read More Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots form spontaneously in the deep veins of the lower or upper limbs. Read More Aortic Aneurysm An Aortic Aneurysm (AA) develops when the wall of the aorta weakens and begins to bulge outwards like a balloon. Read More Brain Aneurysm Brain aneurysm is the bulging or ballooning of a blood vessel supplying the brain. Those aged 40-60 years are most likely to be affected. Read More Stroke A stroke is the impairment of a person’s brain function when the blood supply to a certain part of the brain is cut off. Read More Carotid Arterial Disease Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when the one or both of the two main neck arteries “harden” and get clogged with plaque deposits. Read More Vascular Malformations A vascular malformation is an abnormal growth of the arteries, veins and/or lymphatic vessels that can occur anywhere in the body. Read More Lymphoedema Lymphoedema is swelling which affects the limbs due to failure of the vessels responsible for transporting the lymph. Read More Scrotal Pain (Varicocele) A varicocele is a condition of tangled dilated veins within the scrotum where the valves in the testicular veins fail, blood flows backwards and pools, causing painful congestion and swelling. Read More Erectile Dysfunction Erectile dysfunction is the inability to get or keep an erection and venous leak is responsible for over 80% of erectile dysfunction. Read More Enlarged Prostate Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland where the enlarged prostate compresses on the urine channel and this affects the flow and passage of urine. Read More Fibroid Problems Uterine Fibroids Embolization is a non-surgical & minimally invasive technique to treat fibroid tumours in the uterus. Read More Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a chronic condition that affects women and is caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen or pelvis. Read More Thyroid Ablation Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation is a minimally invasive treatment option of treating thyroid nodules as an alternative to surgery. Read More Pain Management Interventional pain management involves minimally invasive techniques specifically designed to relieve or reduce pain. Read More Kidney Dialysis Access Dialysis access management helps kidney dialysis patients care for their accesses and treats dysfunctional accesses with minimally invasive procedures. Read More Interventional Cancer Treatments Interventional oncology procedures include biopsies, minimally invasive treatments of cancer. Read More --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Last updated: September 2020 Please read these Terms of Use (“Terms”, “Terms of Use”) carefully before using the https://www. sgvascularctr. com website (the “Service”) operated by Vascular & Interventional Centre (“us”, “we”, or “our”). Your access to and use of the Service is conditioned on your acceptance of and compliance with these Terms. These Terms apply to all visitors, users and others who access or use the Service. By accessing or using the Service you agree to be bound by these Terms. If you disagree with any part of the terms then you may not access the Service. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY The Service and its original content, features and functionality are and will remain the exclusive property of Vascular & Interventional Centre and its licensors. LINKS TO OTHER WEB SITES Our Service may contain links to third-party web sites or services that are not owned or controlled by Vascular & Interventional Centre. 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While we strive to use commercially acceptable means to protect your Personal Information, we cannot guarantee its absolute security. LINKS TO OTHER SITES Our Service may contain links to other sites that are not operated by us. If you click on a third party link, you will be directed to that third party’s site. We strongly advise you to review the Privacy Policy of every site you visit. We have no control over, and assume no responsibility for the content, privacy policies or practices of any third party sites or services. CHILDREN’S PRIVACY Our Service does not address anyone under the age of 18 (“Children”). We do not knowingly collect personally identifiable information from children under 18. If you are a parent or guardian and you are aware that your child has provided us with Personal Information, please contact us. If we discover that a child under 18 has provided us with Personal Information, we will delete such information from our servers immediately. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS We will disclose your Personal Information where required to do so by law or subpoena. CHANGES TO THIS PRIVACY POLICY We may update our Privacy Policy from time to time. We will notify you of any changes by posting the new Privacy Policy on this page. You are advised to review this Privacy Policy periodically for any changes. Changes to this Privacy Policy are effective when they are posted on this page. CONTACT US If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, please contact us. --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Understanding Your Medical Conditions & Choose The Most Suitable Treatment Options Varicose & Spider Veins Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that may cause pain and discomfort to those who have it. Read More Peripheral Arterial Disease Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of arteries that supply blood to the limbs caused by cholesterol & calcium deposits. Read More Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots form spontaneously in the deep veins of the lower or upper limbs. Read More Aortic Aneurysm An Aortic Aneurysm (AA) develops when the wall of the aorta weakens and begins to bulge outwards like a balloon. Read More Brain Aneurysm Brain aneurysm is the bulging or ballooning of a blood vessel supplying the brain. Those aged 40-60 years are most likely to be affected. Read More Stroke A stroke is the impairment of a person’s brain function when the blood supply to a certain part of the brain is cut off. Read More Carotid Arterial Disease Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when the one or both of the two main neck arteries “harden” and get clogged with plaque deposits. Read More Vascular Malformations A vascular malformation is an abnormal growth of the arteries, veins and/or lymphatic vessels that can occur anywhere in the body. Read More Lymphoedema Lymphoedema is swelling which affects the limbs due to failure of the vessels responsible for transporting the lymph. Read More Scrotal Pain (Varicocele) A varicocele is a condition of tangled dilated veins within the scrotum where the valves in the testicular veins fail, blood flows backwards and pools, causing painful congestion and swelling. Read More Erectile Dysfunction Erectile dysfunction is the inability to get or keep an erection and venous leak is responsible for over 80% of erectile dysfunction. Read More Enlarged Prostate Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland where the enlarged prostate compresses on the urine channel and this affects the flow and passage of urine. Read More Fibroid Problems Uterine Fibroids Embolization is a non-surgical & minimally invasive technique to treat fibroid tumours in the uterus. Read More Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a chronic condition that affects women and is caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen or pelvis. Read More Thyroid Ablation Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation is a minimally invasive treatment option of treating thyroid nodules as an alternative to surgery. Read More Pain Management Interventional pain management involves minimally invasive techniques specifically designed to relieve or reduce pain. Read More Kidney Dialysis Access Dialysis access management helps kidney dialysis patients care for their accesses and treats dysfunctional accesses with minimally invasive procedures. Read More Interventional Cancer Treatments Interventional oncology procedures include biopsies, minimally invasive treatments of cancer. Read More --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Cam kết cung cấp chuyên môn và chất lượng trong chăm sóc mạch máu Trung tâm Can thiệp & Mạch máu có đội ngũ bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu chất lượng, thành thạo các phương pháp điều trị nội mạch và phẫu thuật cho tất cả các bệnh liên quan đến mạch máu. Đội ngũ bác sĩ chuyên khoa và nhân viên của chúng tôi cố gắng cung cấp cho bệnh nhân dịch vụ chăm sóc toàn diện trong một phòng khám tích hợp đầy đủ và Trung tâm Phẫu thuật Trong ngày cho nhiều tình trạng mạch máu khác nhau. Liên hệ chúng tôi Hiểu tình trạng bệnh lý của bạn & Chọn phương án điều trị phù hợp nhất Xem tất cả dịch vụ Suy giãn tĩnh mạch và mạch máu hình mạng nhện Suy giãn tĩnh mạch là bệnh phình mạch máu và là nguyên nhân gây đau và khó chịu cho người bệnh Read More Hẹp mạch máu ngoại biên Bệnh động mạch ngoại biên (PAD) là bệnh thu hẹp các mạch máu (động mạch) cung cấp lưu lượng máu đến các chi. Sự thu hẹp là do xơ cứng động mạch do cholesterol và / hoặc canxi lắng đọng trong thành động mạch Read More Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) là tình trạng cục máu đông hình thành một cách tự nhiên trong các tĩnh mạch sâu của chi dưới hoặc chi trên Read More Chứng phình động mạch chủ Phình động mạch chủ (AA) xuất hiện khi thành động mạch chủ yếu đi và bắt đầu phình ra như một quả bóng Read More Dị dạng mạch máu não Dị dạng mạch máu não là hiện tượng mạch máu não phình đại bất thường. Thường xuất hiện ở độ tuổi 40-60 Read More Xuất huyết mạch máu não Hiện tượng xuất huyết mạch máu não xảy ra khi mạch máu não bị vỡ Read More Bệnh động mạch cảnh Bệnh động mạch cảnh (CAD) xuất hiện khi hai động mạch cảnh ở cổ bị hẹp hoặc tắc nghẽn Read More Dị dạng mạch máu Dị dạng mạch máu là sự tăng trưởng bất thường bao gồm các động mạch, tĩnh mạch và / hoặc mạch bạch huyết có thể xảy ra bất cứ nơi nào trong cơ thể. Read More Vết thương mạn tính Đây là hiện tượng gây phù nề bàn chân do vết thương không thể lành. Nguyên nhân do mạch máu không cung cấp đủ bạch huyết để làm lành vết thương. Read More Đau vùng hạ bộ Là triệu chứng đau do giãn tĩnh mạch bìu tinh hoàn. Là bệnh lý ảnh hưởng đến nam giới và gây ra bởi tĩnh mạch bên trong túi bìu bị suy giãn. Giãn tĩnh mạch phát triển theo thời gian làm cho van tĩnh mạch trở nên suy yếu và không đóng đúng lúc gây nên co thắt và phù nề. Read More Rối loạn cương cứng Chứng rối loạn cương cứng thường xảy ra khi người đàn ông không thể cương cứng được nguyên nhân do mạch máu cung cấp không đủ nên ảnh hưởng hơn 80% tới khả năng cương cứng Read More Phình đại tiền liệt tuyến Tuyến tiền liệt phình đại lành tính (BPH) là hiện tượng tuyến tiền liệt phình đại chèn ép vào đường niệu đạo ảnh hưởng tới dòng tiểu tiện Read More U xơ tử cung Điều trị u xơ tử cung bằng phương pháp ít xâm lấn và an toàn không ảnh hưởng tới tử cung. Read More Chứng đau co thắt phần bụng dưới Đau co thắt vùng bụng dưới là chứng bệnh mạn tính nếu không được điều trị. Nguyên nhân do mạch máu phần bụng dưới hay phần phụ bị suy giãn Read More Điều trị giảm đau Điều trị giảm đau bằng phương pháp can thiệp nội mạch là phương pháp điều trị an toàn và xâm lấn tối thiểu. Với phương pháp này người bệnh có thể giảm đau hiệu quả và an toàn Read More Thẩm tách mạch máu đối với bệnh nhân lọc thận Thẩm tách mạch máu là kiểm tra tình trạng mạch máu được sử dụng để đảm bảo người bệnh lọc thận có khả năng lọc máu bằng thiết bị lọc thận loại bỏ phần máu k, để máu có thể được lọc qua máy lọc máu để làm sạch máu và loại bỏ chất lỏng nhiều hơn so với mức quy định. Read More Can thiệp nội mạch trong điều trị ung thư Can thiệp điều trị Ung thư là một lĩnh vực chuyên môn mở rộng nhanh chóng của ngành X quang mạch máu và can thiệp trong các thủ tục xâm lấn tối thiểu được thực hiện bằng các thiết bị chẩn đoán hình ảnh, điều trị và / hoặc làm kiểm soát ung thư tiến triển. Read More Make An Appointment 09:00-10:0010:00-11:0011:00-12:0012:00-13:0013:00-14:0014:00-15:0015:00-16:0016:00-17:00 Send Message Our Recent Services Our Cases & Patient Stories We Create Beautiful Smiles Suy giãn tĩnh mạch và mạch máu hình mạng nhện Prosthodontics Dentist Hẹp mạch máu ngoại biên Prosthodontics Dentist Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu Prosthodontics Dentist Committed to Providing Expertise & Quality in Vascular Care The Vascular and Interventional Centre (VIC) was established in March 2015 as a Singapore-based private practice dedicated to providing comprehensive care and management of conditions relating to the vascular, circulatory and lymphatic systems. More recently, VIC has expanded its portfolio to develop expertise in other aspects of interventional work including Interventional Oncology, Interventional Pain Management , Interventional Gynaecology and Lifestyle Interventional Procedures in order to provide its patients with greater holistic care. With the latest addition of our VIC Day Surgery Centre @ Novena Specialist Center in April 2020, we have developed a one of its kind Centre in Singapore where our Specialists work as a collaborative multi-speciality team to offer patients seamless care from consultation and diagnosis to procedure and recovery at one location. Our Own Day Surgery Facility Work with Major Hospitals Work with Major Insurance Companies Multiple Clinic Locations 40+ Years Clinical Experience Certified Specialist Chuyên gia của chúng tôi Dr Benjamin Chua & Dr Chen Min Qi Bác sĩ Benjamin Chua Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Dr Chen Min Qi Our Clients Review Real Review From Our Real Customer View All Review Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Sarah Taylor Developer Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Aiken Ward Designer Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Eachann Jhon Founder Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Smith Jorge Designer Luôn cập nhật các hội thảo trên web, bài viết, video và tài liệu quảng cáo mới nhất của chúng tôi Xem tài nguyên của chúng tôi Uncategorized @vi February 23, 2022 All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids Read More Articles February 23, 2022 All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids Read More Webinars January 3, 2022 Video tư vấn trực tiếp với bác sĩ về sức khỏe nam giới Read More --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Tận tình thăm khám bệnh và tư vấn phương án điều trị tối ưu cho người bệnh HUYẾT KHỐI TĨNH MẠCH SÂU Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots form spontaneously in the deep veins of the lower or upper limbs. Thông tin chi tiết Kidney Dialysis Access Dialysis access management helps kidney dialysis patients care for their accesses and treats dysfunctional accesses with minimally invasive procedures. Thông tin chi tiết Interventional Cancer Treatments Interventional oncology procedures include biopsies, minimally invasive treatments of cancer. Thông tin chi tiết --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Thông tin liên hệ Liên hệ với chúng tôi ngay bây giờ bằng số điện thoại hoặc địa chỉ email Phẫu thuật trong ngày VIC @ Trung tâm chuyên khoa Novena Trung tâm Chuyên Khoa Novena, Số 06-08, 16, 17, 18, 19 8 Sinaran Drive Singapore 307470 ĐT: +65 6694 6270 Fax: +65 6694 6245 VIC @ Trung tâm Y tế Gleneagles Trung tâm y tế Gleneagles Số 09-14 6 Đường Napier Singapore 258499 ĐT: +65 6270 0255 Fax: +65 6270 9255 VIC @ Bệnh viện Mount Elizabeth Novena, Trung tâm chuyên khoa Mt Elizabeth Novena Trung tâm Chuyên Khoa, Số 07-38 38 Đường Irrawaddy Singapore 329563 ĐT: +65 6684 2124 Fax: +65 6684 2194 VIC @ Bệnh viện Farrer Park Farrer Park Medical Trung tâm Connexion, Đơn vị 12-11 Đường ga Farrer Park Singapore 217562 ĐT: +65 6443 6650 Fax: +65 6443 6646 VIC điều hành @Thomson Trung tâm Phẫu thuật Trung tâm y tế Thomson Đơn vị 03-01 339 đường Thomson Singapore 307667 ĐT: +65 6251 8884 Fax: +65 6261 3632 Các phiên do VIC điều hành @Thomson Trung tâm Phẫu thuật ĐẶT LỊCH HẸN Điền thông tin của bạn và chúng tôi sẽ liên lạc ngay khi có thể 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send Message --- - Translation Priorities: Optional 我们的联系信息 立即通过电话号码或电子邮件地址联系我们 VIC Day Surgery @ Novena Specialist CenterNovena Specialist Center, Unit 06-08, 16, 17, 18, 198 Sinaran Drive Singapore 307470Tel: +65 6694 6270Fax: +65 6694 6245VIC @ Gleneagles Medical CentreGleneagles Medical CentreUnit 09-14 6 Napier RoadSingapore 258499Tel: +65 6270 0255Fax: +65 6270 9255VIC @ Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, Specialist CentreMt Elizabeth NovenaSpecialist Center, Unit 07-3838 Irrawaddy RoadSingapore 329563Tel: +65 6684 2124Fax: +65 6684 2194 VIC @ Farrer Park Hospital Farrer Park MedicalCentre Connexion, Unit 12-11 Farrer Park Station RoadSingapore 217562 Tel: +65 6443 6650Fax: +65 6443 6646VIC @ Thomson Surgical CentreThomson Medical CentreUnit 03-01339 Thomson RoadSingapore 307667Tel: +65 6251 8884Fax: +65 6261 3632 预约 填写您的信息，我们将尽快与您联系 09:00-10:0010:00-11:0011:00-12:0012:00-13:0013:00-14:0014:00-15:0015:00-16:0016:00-17:00 Send Message --- - Translation Priorities: Optional Committed to Providing Expertise & Quality in Vascular Care The Vascular & Interventional Centre has a team of quality vascular surgeons, well-versed in endovascular and surgery treatments for all vascular-related diseases. Our team of specialist doctors and staff strive to provide patients with holistic care in a fully integrated clinic and Day Surgery Centre for a wide variety of vascular conditions. Contact Us Understand Your Medical Conditions & Choose The Most Suitable Treatment Options View All Services Varicose & Spider Veins Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that may cause pain and discomfort to those who have it. Read More Peripheral Arterial Disease Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of arteries that supply blood to the limbs caused by cholesterol & calcium deposits. Read More Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots form spontaneously in the deep veins of the lower or upper limbs. Read More Aortic Aneurysm An Aortic Aneurysm (AA) develops when the wall of the aorta weakens and begins to bulge outwards like a balloon. Read More Brain Aneurysm Brain aneurysm is the bulging or ballooning of a blood vessel supplying the brain. Those aged 40-60 years are most likely to be affected. Read More Stroke A stroke is the impairment of a person’s brain function when the blood supply to a certain part of the brain is cut off. Read More Carotid Arterial Disease Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when one or both of the two main neck arteries “harden” and get clogged with plaque deposits. Read More Vascular Malformations A vascular malformation is an abnormal growth of the arteries, veins and/or lymphatic vessels that can occur anywhere in the body. Read More Lymphoedema Lymphoedema is swelling which affects the limbs due to failure of the vessels responsible for transporting the lymph. Read More Scrotal Pain (Varicocele) A varicocele is a condition of tangled dilated veins within the scrotum where the valves in the testicular veins fail, blood flows backwards and pools, causing painful congestion and swelling. Read More Erectile Dysfunction Erectile dysfunction is the inability to get or keep an erection and venous leak is responsible for over 80% of erectile dysfunction. Read More Enlarged Prostate Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland where the enlarged prostate compresses on the urine channel and this affects the flow and passage of urine. Read More Fibroids We provide a minimally invasive and no-incision method to treat fibroids and to preserve the uterus. Read More Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a chronic condition that affects women and is caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen or pelvis. Read More Pain Management Interventional pain management involves minimally invasive techniques specifically designed to relieve or reduce pain. Read More Kidney Dialysis Access Dialysis access management helps kidney dialysis patients care for their accesses and treats dysfunctional accesses with minimally invasive procedures. Read More Interventional Cancer Treatments Interventional oncology procedures include biopsies, minimally invasive treatments of cancer. Read More Make An Appointment 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send MessageOur Recent Services Our Cases & Patient Stories We Create Beautiful Smiles Varicose & Spider Veins Prosthodontics Dentist Peripheral Arterial Disease Prosthodontics Dentist Deep Vein Thrombosis Prosthodontics Dentist Committed to Providing Expertise & Quality in Vascular Care The Vascular and Interventional Centre (VIC) was established in March 2015 as a Singapore-based private practice dedicated to providing comprehensive care and management of conditions relating to the vascular, circulatory and lymphatic systems. More recently, VIC has expanded its portfolio to develop expertise in other aspects of interventional work including Interventional Oncology, Interventional Pain Management , Interventional Gynaecology and Lifestyle Interventional Procedures in order to provide its patients with greater holistic care. With the latest addition of our VIC Day Surgery Centre @ Novena Specialist Center in April 2020, we have developed a one of its kind Centre in Singapore where our Specialists work as a collaborative multi-speciality team to offer patients seamless care from consultation and diagnosis to procedure and recovery at one location. Our Own Day Surgery Facility Work with Major Hospitals Work with Major Insurance Companies Multiple Clinic Locations 40+ Years Clinical Experience Certified Specialist Our Specialists Dr Benjamin Chua & Dr Chen Min Qi Dr Benjamin Chua Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Dr Chen Min Qi Consultant Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon Our Clients Review Real Review From Our Real Customer View All Review Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Sarah Taylor Developer Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Aiken Ward Designer Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Eachann Jhon Founder Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Smith Jorge Designer Stay Updated With Our Latest Webinars, Articles, Videos & Brochures View Our Resources Articles February 23, 2022 All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids Read More --- - Translation Priorities: Optional MEDICAL INSURANCE COVERAGE AND MEDISAVEThe Orthopaedic and Pain Practice is MOH Medisave/Medishield Life accredited. We are partnered with most insurance companies for Corporate & Personal (including integrated shield plans – IPs) Insurance Plans. Patients can have their medical bills fully or partially covered by insurance and Medisave, depending on the type of insurance coverage and treatments conducted. We work alongside our patients and their insurance company to apply for the Letter of Guarantee (LOG) to have a cashless experience. We work with the following insurance companies:AIAHSBCPrudential Great EasternFullerton Health GroupAlliance MedinetCignaAdept HealthMSH ChinaMayfair InsurancePrestige International (S) Pte LtdBupa GlobalHenner Insurance*Subjects to terms, conditions and policy coverage. Kindly inform us of your type of coverage and forms required by your insurance provider and we are happy to help you with the necessary paperwork. --- - Translation Priorities: Optional The VIC Day Centre is our group’s latest concept and one of its kind in Singapore. Launched in April 2020 and located at Novena Specialist Center, we have developed a Centre where patients can be seen by our Specialists, undergo diagnostic tests and if necessary, undergo minimally invasive endovascular/interventional procedures without the need for hospital admission and in a seamless manner at one location without the need to travel to different locations for care. Patients will also receive highly personalised and professional care for speedy post-operative recovery. Our one-stop Centre sits on 4000 square feet and houses a hybrid operating theatre, a recovery suite, a Vascular Studies Lab, a treatment room and consultation rooms. Our hybrid operating theatre is fitted with the latest Philips Azurion Clarity Flexarm C20 Advanced Fluroscopy System which is the first of its kind to be installed in Asia and Singapore. The Philips Azurion Flexarm which is CE marked and has received 510k clearance from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) provides advanced imaging during endovascular and interventional procedures. As a result procedures are carried out with increased safety, increased treatment efficacy and are more efficient. We are very excited to work with Philips as their Centre of Reference and explore new imaging opportunities to achieve clinical excellence and enhance patient care. As patient safety remains one of the key focus of our Centre, we have installed Hepa-air filtration system in our hybrid operating theatre to ensure excellent air quality during procedures to ensure minimal risk of infection. Stringent tests for bacterial count, particle count and air exchange rates also ensure a safe environment for our patients. Our Centre which is fully accredited and licensed by the Ministry of Health Singapore is also a Medisave accredited facility for patients who wish to utilise their Medisave funds for procedures done at our Centre. --- - Translation Priorities: Optional MEDICAL INSURANCE COVERAGE AND MEDISAVE The Vascular and Interventional Centre is MOH Medisave/Medishield Life accredited. We work with all major insurance companies for Corporate & Personal (including integrated shield plans – IPs) Insurance Plans. Depending on your type of insurance coverage and treatments, patients can have their medical bills covered fully or partially via insurance and Medisave. We work with patients to apply for the necessary Letter of Guarantee (LOG) with their respective insurance companies to have a cashless experience. We work with the following insurance companies: AIA AVIVA Prudential NTUC AXA Great Eastern Fullerton Health Group Alliance Medinet Cigna Adept Health MSH China Mayfair Insurance Prestige International (S) Pte Ltd Bupa Global Henner Insurance *Subjects to terms, conditions and policy coverage. Kindly inform us of your type of coverage and any forms required by your insurance provider and we are happy to help you with the necessary paperwork. --- - Translation Priorities: Optional 维多利亚国际中心日间中心是我们集团的最新理念，也是新加坡同类中心中的一个。该中心位于诺维娜专科中心，将于2020年4月投入使用。在这里，患者可以接受专科医生的诊疗、诊断检测，必要时还可以接受微创血管内/介入手术，无需入院，而且可以在同一地点无缝衔接，无需前往不同地点接受治疗。患者还将获得高度个性化的专业护理，以加快术后恢复。 我们的一站式中心占地 4000 平方英尺，设有混合手术室、恢复室、血管研究实验室、治疗室和诊室。我们的混合手术室配备了最新的飞利浦 Azurion Clarity Flexarm C20 高级荧光检查系统，这在亚洲和新加坡尚属首例。飞利浦 Azurion Flexarm 已通过 CE 认证，并获得美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 的 510k 许可，可在血管内手术和介入手术过程中提供先进的成像。因此，手术安全性更高，治疗效果更好，效率更高。我们很高兴能与飞利浦合作，成为其参考中心，并探索新的成像机会，以实现卓越的临床效果并加强对患者的护理。 患者安全一直是本中心的工作重点之一，因此我们在混合手术室安装了 Hepa 空气过滤系统，以确保手术过程中的空气质量优良，从而将感染风险降至最低。对细菌计数、颗粒计数和空气交换率的严格检测也确保了病人的安全环境。 我们的中心已获得新加坡卫生部的全面认证和许可，也是一家获得保健储蓄认证的机构，患者可利用保健储蓄资金在我们的中心进行手术。 --- - Translation Priorities: Optional VIC Trung tâm Day Surgery là mô hình hiện đại nhất và duy nhất tại Singapore. Ra mắt vào tháng 4 năm 2020 tại Trung tâm Y tế Chuyên khoa Novena, chúng tôi đã phát triển một Trung tâm nơi mà bệnh nhân được khám bởi các bác sĩ và kỹ thuật viên chuyên khoa lành nghề và giàu kinh nghiệm. Người bệnh được khám, tư vấn và làm toàn bộ các xét nghiệm cùng các kiểm tra chẩn đoán hình ảnh tại Trung tâm. Với tư vấn rất chu đáo của Bác sĩ, bệnh nhân được tiến hành các thủ thuật can thiệp /xâm lấn nội mạch ngay tại Trung tâm mà không phải nhập viên điều trị. Người bệnh cũng được chăm sóc cá nhân và theo dõi phục hồi nhanh chóng sau các thủ thuật can thiệp về y tế. Trung tâm toạ lạc trên diện tích 4000 feet vuông và bao gồm một phòng phẫu thuật phức hợp, trung tâm phục hồi, phòng thí nghiệm nghiên cứu mạch máu, phòng điều trị và phòng khám và tư vấn. Phòng phẫu thuật phức hợp của chúng tôi được trang bị Hệ thống nội soi tiên tiến Philips Azurion Clarity Flexarm C20, đây là thiết bị hiện đại đầu tiên được lắp đặt ở Châu Á và Singapore. Sau một thời gian hoàn tất các thủ tục và chấp hành các qui định của chính phủ Trung tâm đã hoàn thành việc lắp đặt thiết bị Philips Azurion Flexarm nhãn hiệu CE. Trung tâm cũng được hãng Phillip đặt là trung tâm thực hành và áp dụng những phướng pháp cũng như kỹ thuật mới nhất của hãng nhằm mục đích tối đa hóa tính chính xác cũng như năng lực chẩn đoán giúp cho người bệnh có được phương án điều trị hiệu quả nhất. An toàn của bệnh nhân là một trong những trọng tâm chính của Trung tâm, chúng tôi đã lắp đặt hệ thống lọc không khí Hepa trong phòng phẫu thuật kết hợp để đảm bảo chất lượng không khí tốt nhất trong quá trình phẫu thuật để tối thiểu hoá nguy cơ nhiễm trùng. Các xét nghiệm nghiêm ngặt về số lượng vi khuẩn, số lượng hạt phân tử và tỷ lệ trao đổi không khí cũng đảm bảo một môi trường an toàn cho người bệnh. Trung tâm được Bộ Y tế Singapore công nhận và cấp phép đầy đủ. Chúng tôi cũng là một cơ sở được Medisave công nhận cho những bệnh nhân muốn sử dụng quỹ Medisave của họ toàn bộ quá trình điều trị được thực hiện tại Trung tâm. --- --- ## Blog - Categories: Articles - Tags: Peripheral Arterial Disease - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) happens develops when narrowed arteries lower blood flow to your limbs. This common arterial disease is often caused by a buildup of fatty deposits in the artery walls. This condition is called atherosclerosis. Some common symptoms are leg pain when walking that goes away with rest, known as claudication, along sometimes with leg numbness or weakness. People with risk factors like smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or a family history of heart disease are more likely to have PAD. Early diagnosis and changes in lifestyle are very important to manage PAD effectively and avoid serious complications. Peripheral arterial disease, or PAD, affects blood flow to the limbs, mainly the legs. This happens when the arteries are narrowed. The narrowing is often due to fatty deposits called plaque that build up on in the artery walls. Having PAD increases the risk of other heart-related diseases. This shows why it's important to be aware of PAD and detect it early. Exploring the Basics of PAD Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is like coronary heart disease. In both, plaque builds up in the arteries. This buildup makes it hard for blood to flow smoothly. To really understand PAD, you need to know what it is and what it means for patients, especially in Singapore. Let's explore these important points. Defining Peripheral Arterial Disease Peripheral artery disease, or PAD, is a type of arterial disease. It happens when arteries, mainly in the legs, get too narrow. This limits blood flow. The main cause of this condition is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is when fatty deposits, called plaque, build up inside the arteries. This build-up reduces blood flow and can cause discomfort. It can also lead to serious complications. It's important to understand how this affects patients in Singapore. The Impact of PAD on Patients in Singapore Singapore has an older population and more people are dealing with things illnesses like diabetes and smoking. This means that many individuals suffer from PAD in Singapore. PAD does not just cause leg discomfort. If not addressed, it can lead to serious complications like heart attacks, strokeslegs ulcers, gangrene, and even limb amputation. This shows how important it is to have early diagnosis and good management of patients with PAD in Singapore. Identifying Symptoms and Recognizing Risks Knowing the symptoms of PAD is very important for timely help and proper care. It is also important to understand the risk factors common in the Singaporean way of life. This understanding can help with prevention and better healthcare. Early Warning Signs of PAD Early diagnosis of PAD is very important for good management. One of the first and most common symptoms of PAD is intermittent claudication. This condition causes pain, aching, or cramping in the legs, mainly during physical activity like walking. The pain usually goes away with rest. However, if PAD gets worse, people might feel pain even when resting, especially in the feet and toes. Other symptoms can include numbness, tingling, coldness, and changes in skin color in the lower limbs. Risk Factors Specific to the Singaporean Lifestyle Several lifestyle factors contribute to a higher risk of developing PAD. Here's a glimpse into some significant ones: Risk FactorDescriptionSmokingA primary risk factor for PAD, damaging blood vessels and accelerating plaque buildup. High Blood PressureIncreases strain on artery walls, making them more prone to damage and narrowing. High CholesterolContributes to plaque formation in the arteries. DiabetesHigh blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels and accelerate atherosclerosis. These risk factors, coupled with genetic predisposition and age, amplify the importance of proactive health management, especially within the Singaporean context. Understanding Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is very important. It helps with early detection and management. Knowing the symptoms and risks, especially related to the Singaporean lifestyle, can help get the right treatment on time. Making lifestyle changes, getting a proper diagnosis, exercising regularly, and staying updated on new treatments are key to managing PAD well. If you notice symptoms or feel worried about PAD, see a doctor as soon as you can. This way, you can get personalized care. Take charge of your vascular health to enjoy a full and active life. If you want more information or help with managing PAD, think about making an appointment with a healthcare professional. Frequently Asked Questions {"@context":"https://schema. org","@type":"FAQPage","@id":"https://www. sgvascularctr. com/auto-draft/","mainEntity":} What lifestyle changes can help manage PAD? Managing PAD well usually means making changes to your lifestyle. This includes quitting smoking, doing regular physical activity, and keeping your blood pressure and cholesterol levels healthy. How is PAD diagnosed in Singapore? Healthcare providers in Singapore have different ways to diagnose PAD. They start by taking a detailed medical history. Then, they perform a physical exam. Finally, they conduct tests like the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) or an ultrasound. Can exercise improve PAD symptoms? Yes, regular exercise, especially a supervised exercise program, can really help improve the symptoms of PAD. Being active boosts blood flow and builds up musclesstimulates growth of new blood vessels (neovascularization). Are there any new treatments for PAD in Singapore? Singapore is making progress in treating PAD. In addition to standard methods, there are new treatments, such as drug-coated balloons and catheter atherectomy devices which can be used in conjunction with angioplasty and stenting. Medical improvements are also being made all the time. When should you consult a doctor for PAD symptoms? It is important to see a doctor if you have symptoms of PAD. These symptoms include leg pain while walking, numbness, cramping, or changes in the color of your legs or feet. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: pelvic congestion syndrome - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) is a common cause of chronic pelvic pain in women. It is often misdiagnosed because it looks similar to other conditions. This condition happens because occurs due of to swollen (varicose) veins in the pelvic area. This can cause pain and discomfort, making daily life harder for women. Hormonal changes, multiple pregnancies, and genetics can raise increase the chances of having developing PCS. To diagnose PCS, doctors usually do a physical exam and an ultrasound. They might also use advanced imaging like CT or MRI scans. Treatment options for PCS include changes in lifestyle, medications, and less minimally invasive procedures like pelvic vein embolization. Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) is a common but often missed issue for women. It is marked by long-lasting pelvic pain caused by swollen (varicose) veins in the pelvis. These veins usually help carry blood from the pelvic organs back to the heart, but they can enlarge and not work well. This can cause pain and discomfort. Because the symptoms of PCS can look like those of other conditions, it is really important for women with ongoing pelvic pain to see a healthcare provider. They need to get the right diagnosis and treatment on time. Exploring the Basics of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome PCS happens occurs when the veins in the pelvis, especially those near the ovaries and uterus, become larger and twisted. This is similar to varicose veins in the legs. The swelling stops blood from flowing well, causing blood to pool in the veins. This can lead to pain and pressure. We don’t know the exact cause of PCS, but many factors might contribute to it, making it a complicated condition. It is important to understand these factors for better diagnosis and treatment. PCS is often linked to hormone changes, especially during pregnancy. During this time, blood volume goes up, and the veins face more stress. It mainly affects women who are of reproductive age, but how severe the symptoms are can differ from person to person. Defining Pelvic Congestion Syndrome in the Singaporean Context In Singapore, people are starting to see PCS as an important cause of chronic pelvic pain in women. PCS happens occurs when pelvic veins widen or swell, much like how varicose veins form in the legs. These larger veins can cause pain and discomfort, especially after standing for a long time or during some activities. We don’t have a complete number of how many people have PCS in Singapore, but more and more cases are being found as awareness grows. To manage PCS effectively, it's important to understand the lifestyles and genetic traits of the Singaporean population. Factors like sitting or standing for long periods, which many jobs involve, along with genetic factors, can lead to a higher risk of this condition. The Prevalence and Impact on Women's Health The true number of people with PCS is still unknown. This is because it is often missed or wrongly diagnosed. Still, studies show that PCS is a common reason for chronic pain in women. It can affect many parts of their lives. The pain can be unpredictable, feeling like a dull ache or sharp, stabbing feelingsdiscomfort. This can really disrupt daily routines, work, and social activities. The pain often gets worse before or during a woman's period, making it even more complicated. It affects more than just the body. It can also hurt affect a woman's emotional health and her quality of life. Plus, pain during sexual intercourse is a common symptom of PCS. This can bring stress to intimate relationships. Identifying Causes and Risk Factors The exact reasons for PCS are not completely clear. However, hormonal changes and weak veins are thought to be important factors. For example, the rise in estrogen during pregnancy can make vein walls weaker, leading to wider veins. The extra pressure on the pelvic veins during pregnancy, along with possible weight gain, can make the risk of PCS higher. Also, genetics might play a role. Women with a family history of varicose veins may have a higher chance of getting PCS. It is important for healthcare providers to understand these risk factors. This knowledge helps them provide develop the right prevention strategies and treatment options. The Role of Hormonal Changes and Venous Insufficiency Hormonal changes, especially the rise in estrogen during pregnancy, can greatly affect vein health. Estrogen causes the walls of veins to relax. This makes veins more likely to expand and become weak. With more blood in the body during pregnancy, there is extra pressure on pelvic veins. This can lead to the formation of varicose veins, a common sign of PCS. On top of this, venous insufficiency occurs when veins have a hard time sending blood back to the heart. If the valves in the veins, which stop blood from flowing backward, do not work properly, blood can gather in the pelvic veins. This worsens the symptoms of PCS. The mix of hormonal changes and poor blood flow helps PCS to develop. Lifestyle and Genetic Predispositions in Singapore In a busy place like Singapore, some lifestyle habits can lead to poor circulation and a higher risk of PCS. For example, sitting or standing for a long period of time is common in many jobs. Also, genetics play a role. Women with a family history of varicose veins, which indicate weaker vein walls, are often at a higher risk. Moreover, lifestyle choices, like waiting to have children, can impact increase the risk of PCS. As women grow older, their veins lose elasticity, making them more likely to stretch. By understanding how lifestyle and genetics interact in Singapore, healthcare professionals can create develop better prevention and management plans strategies for PCS. Recognizing Symptoms and Diagnosis It is important to find out aboutdiscover if you are suffering from PCS quickly early to manage it well. Women with ongoing pelvic pain should know the signs of PCS. By spotting these symptoms early and getting medical attention right away, they can avoid extra painobtain relief from their pain, and have better long-term results in the long run. Common Symptoms Encountered by Women Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) usually shows up as a dull pain in the lower abdomen. This pain can get worse if you stand for a long time, during your period, or after sexual intercourse. Many people also feel back pain, especially in the lower back, and a sense of heaviness or pressure in the pelvic area. Other symptoms of pelvic congestion syndrome may include pain or discomfort while urinating, needing to urinate more often, and pain during bowel movements. These symptoms can look like mimic the signs of other issuesconditions. This is whyThus it is important for women to talk to a doctor for to come to the right diagnosis. Catching PCS early can lead to better treatment and a better life for women dealing with this condition. Diagnostic Procedures and Imaging Techniques Diagnosing PCS usually begins with a thorough review of medical history and a physical exam, where the doctor might check for tenderness in the pelvic region. Imaging techniques play a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis and ruling out other possible conditions. Imaging TechniqueDescriptionPelvic UltrasoundUtilizes sound waves to visualize the pelvic organs, including the veins, to identify any abnormalities or blockages. CT ScanUses X-rays to create detailed images of the pelvic area, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the veins and surrounding structures. Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV)Employs a magnetic field and radio waves to generate detailed images of blood vessels, offering a non-invasive method to visualize blood flow and identify areas of congestion. Your healthcare provider will determine the most appropriate imaging test(s) based on your individual symptoms and medical history. Treatment Modalities for Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Treating PCS needs different steps to ease symptoms, boost blood flow, and tackle the main causes. The treatment plan is often based on how severe the symptoms are, what each patient needs, and the skills of the healthcare provider. It usually includes changes to lifestyle, medications, and small procedures that don’t require surgery are minimally invasive. Medication and Pain Management Strategies Medication cannot cure PCS, but it can help manage symptoms and make life better. Over-the-counter pain relievers are usually the first option for pain management. Sometimes, doctors may give stronger pain medications or suggest hormonal therapy to help balance hormones and reduce symptoms. Along with medications, there are other ways to manage pain. These include heat therapy, relaxation techniques, and physical therapy. These methods work to lower pain, boost blood flow, and improve overall health. Minimally Invasive Treatments: An Overview Minimally invasive procedures have changed how we treat PCS. They provide good relief and let patients recover faster than traditional surgery. These procedures are usually safe and many women choose them. One such minimally invasive procedure is pelvic vein embolization. This procedure blocks the veins that are not working well. It helps change blood flow and reduces pressure in the swollen vessels. Pelvic vein embolization is really effective. It and helps to lessen pain and improves the quality of life for women with PCS. The Importance of Pelvic and Ovarian Vein Embolisation Pelvic and ovarian vein embolization has become a key treatment for PCS. This simple procedure targets the main problem – the failing ovarian vein. It works by blocking the damaged vein with a special solution or tiny coils. This stops the backflow of blood and eases pressure in the pelvic veins. The procedure is done with local anesthesia, causing little discomfort. Pelvic and ovarian vein embolization has a high success rate in relieving chronic pelvic pain linked to PCS. Recovery is faster than with traditional surgery, helping women return to their daily lives quickly. This method is a safe and effective way to treat PCS, greatly enhancing the quality of life for many women. Living with Pelvic Congestion Syndrome PCS can greatly affect a woman's life. However, knowing more about the condition can help people manage their symptoms better. When individuals take active steps, they can have happier lives. Making simple changes to their lifestyle and focusing on self-care can greatly improve overall health. Lifestyle Adjustments and Self-Care Measures Lifestyle changes are important for handling PCS symptoms. Keeping a healthy weight can help lower pressure on pelvic veins. Regular exercise and a balanced diet are key to this. Activities like swimming and walking are great for blood flow and can lessen discomfort. Also, using stress management methods like yoga or meditation can help reduce pain and boost your overall health. Making these lifestyle changes can really improve your symptoms and make medical treatments work better. When to Seek Further Medical Advice Many women can manage PCS with lifestyle changes and medications. However, it's important to know when to get more help. If you suddenly have worse pain, feel more discomfort during sex, or notice strange bleedinghave change recurrent piles, you should contact a healthcare provider right away. Also, if your current treatments don’t help enough or if you have trouble getting pregnant, it’s important to see a specialist. Getting medical help on time can avoid complications, look intoexplore other treatment options, and help manage PCS better. In conclusion, knowing about Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is important for women's health. Understanding what causes it and how to treat it is essential. Early diagnosis and good management can help a lot. Making lifestyle changes and asking for medical help when needed can improve your quality of life. If you think you have symptoms of PCS, talk to a healthcare professional for care that fits your needs. Stay updated, care about your health, and take steps to manage this condition well. Remember, your health is important, and getting help on time can make a difference in your path to feeling better. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Gangrene - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Gangrene occurs whenis a condition where tissue dies due to insufficient blood supply, often exacerbated by infection. Early detection is crucial, withTypical symptoms like include skin discoloration, severe pain, numbness, and foul odor. There are Vvarious types of gangrene exist, includingsuch as dry, wet, or gas gangrene, and internal, each with distinct characteristics. Treatment generally involves removing dead tissue, combating infection with antibiotics, and improving blood flow. Risk factors include diabetes, peripheral artery disease, smoking, and severe injuries. Introduction Gangrene is a serious condition where tissue death happens occurs because of not enoughdue to insufficient blood flowsupply. It needs quick medical careDo seek immediate medical attention early as any delay in treatment may result in progression of the gangrene. It is important to know the different types of gangrene and to recognize their symptoms. Getting help on time is very important. This guide will explain give an overview of gangrene, its causes, symptoms, types of gangrene, and treatments that are available. Defining Gangrene and Its Relevance Gangrene is a serious condition that occurs whenwhere there is body tissue dies necrosis (death). This happens when theIt typically occurs when blood supply to a certain area is cut offdisrupted. This can be due to anas a result of injury, infection, or a long-term health issue affecting blood circulation (such as diabetes or high cholesterol). Gangrene is a medical emergency that requires immediate care to prevent progression and further loss of tissue. Our bodies depend on a steady blood flow of blood to supply oxygen and nutrients to tissues. If this flow is interrupted, it can lead to severe problems. Without enough blood flow, cells cannot livesurvive, which results in tissue death. If not treated, this can cause life-threatening issuesand ultimately leading to gangrene. Exploring the Different Types of Gangrene There are different kinds classifications for of gangrene:, and each one has specific features: Dry gangrene is often linked to blood vessel diseasesusually develops to do gradual blockage of arteries over time as a result of diseases such , like peripheralas peripheral artery disease. It shows presents as dry and shrunken tissue, which may turnis black or dark purple in colour. This type spreadsIt progresses slowly and usually causes less pain compared to others types of gangrene. Wet gangrene, on the other hand, is caused by a secondary bacterial infection in the affected areaof dead tissue. It leads topresents with localized swelling, blisters, and a bad smell. This type of gangrene moves can progress quickly and has a higher risk of complications, such as sepsis. Gas gangrene is a type of wet gangrene rare but very dangerous. It happens whencaused by bacteria which produce gas,. It is less common than the two previous types, but is also more deadly. Gas gangrene results in rapid tissue death and can lead to life-threatening sepsis in a short period of time. which makes tissue die rapidly. It is crucial to get medical help right away in these situations in order to preserve as much tissue as possible and avoid a major limb amputation. Understanding How Gangrene Develops Gangrene often starts with an injury or an infection that cutspoor off blood flow to a certain area. This lack of oxygen-rich blood essentially "starves" the tissue, leading to cell death. If we don't stop this process is not halted, the tissue will start to decay, causing gangrene. Many factors can lead to this serious problem. For example,One of the main causes of gangrene in Singapore is diabetes. Diabetes can cause nerve damage and also blockage of arteries resulting in poor circulation. This makesThe damage to the nerves result in poor sensation in the feet, resulting in people being more likely to hurt their feet andhave cuts/wounds which they are unaware of and which can get easily infected. On top of that, the poor blood circulation results in impaired tissue healingget infections that can turn into and gangrene eventually develops. Peripheral artery disease can also contribute. This condition narrows arteries and slows blood flow, especially in the limbs. So, it increases the risk of gangrene, especially in hands and feet. Identifying the Symptoms of Gangrene Recognizing the symptoms of gangrene is very importantwill allow patients to get medical help quickly. The signs can changemay differ based on the type and location of the gangrene. Common symptoms are changes in skin color, like red, brown, or black, and swelling. You may also notice that tThe affected area may also feels colder. Sometimes, you there might be a smell a bad odor or a feelfeeling of numbness or a tingling sensation, which should alert you. If there are pus-filled blisters or you hear a crackling sound when touching the affected area, especially this may be a sign of with gas gangrene, you need to see a doctor right awayand urgent medical attention should be sought. Early Warning Signs to Watch For In the beginning early stages, gangrene usually shows uppresents as ongoing persistent pain in the affected area. This pain can be much worse than what you might expect from any visible injuryis usually out of proportion to what the skin in the area looks like. It is an important warning sign that should not be overlooked,and medical attention should be sought especially if you seeeven if there are no changes in skin color. At first, the skin might look pale or change color. As gangrene worsens, the skinit can turn red, brown, or even black. You may also notice that tThe affected area also usually feels cold due to less blood circulation. Additionally, if there’s a bad smell coming from the area, especially with wet gangrene, it means there is dying tissue and a bacterial infection. If you do not treat it, the infection can spread quickly and lead to serious problems. When Symptoms Indicate an Emergency Some symptoms show indicate a critical situation that needs quick medical helpattention. A fast heartbeat, low blood pressure, and confusion may mean indicate sepsis is starting. This is a serious issue from the body’s extreme reaction to anwhich is a serious bacterial infection which can be life-threatening. Also, fever, chills, and sweating, along with the signs mentioned earlier, need urgent care. If there are signs that the infection is spreading beyond the affected area, get medical help right away. Remember, gangrene is a medical emergency. Waiting too long for before seeking treatment can lead to serious problems, like losing a limb or even death. If you think gangrene may be present, see a doctor immediately to get the best care. Key Causes and Risk Factors Restricted blood flow is a major cause of gangrene. This can happen because of injuries or health issuesGangrene is a result of poor blood flow to the tissues. Conditions like diabetes, peripheral artery disease, and atherosclerosis are all risk factors that can lead to poor circulation and affect tissue healthand ultimately gangrene. Smokers are at high risk because smoking harms blood vessels and can cause blockages as well. Severe injuries such as deep cuts, burns, or frostbite can stop disrupt blood flow and let allow bacteria to enter the body. This raises the risk of gangrene as well. People with weak immune systems are also more likely to get it. Their bodies may have a hard time fighting off infections. Common Causes Leading to Gangrene Any condition that blocks blood flow can cause gangrene. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) happens is a condition when where arteries in the limbs get narrower due to plaque buildup. This reduces blood flow and makes feet, in particular, more open prone to infection and slow healing, which raises the risk of gangrene. Diabetes is another major cause. It harms blood vessels and nerves, which affects feeling sensation and blood flow. People with diabetes are more likely to get foot sores and infections and. Iif these are not treated quickly, they can turn into gangrene. Blood clots can also block blood flow. These clots may happen because of other health issues or after surgery or injury. When blood flow to the tissues is cut off, it can lead to gangrene. Risk Factors Enhancing Gangrene Development Certain individuals face a higher risk factors can increase the chances of developing gangrene. due toThese factors that usually compromise their the blood circulation or immune response of the body. Here's a look atHere are some of the common risk factors: Risk FactorsDescriptionAgePeople over 60 are more susceptible due to age-related circulatory changes. DiabetesHigh blood sugar damages blood vessels and nerves, increasing vulnerability to infections and poor wound healingPeripheral Vascular DiseaseConditions like PAD restrict blood flow to the extremities, making them prone to gangrene. SmokingSmoking damages blood vessels and impairs circulation, significantly increasing the risk. ObesityExcess weight strains the cardiovascular system and can worsen other risk factors like diabetes and PAD. Weakened Immune SystemMedical conditions or treatments that suppress the immune system increase the risk of infections. Trauma & InjuriesDeep wounds, burns, or frostbite can disrupt blood flow and become infected. Taking proactive steps to manage these risk factors through lifestyle modifications, medical management, and injury prevention is crucial in mitigating gangrene risk. Diagnosing Gangrene in Singapore Diagnosing gangrene begins with a careful physical exam. The doctor will look at the affected area for changes in color, swelling, and how the wound looks. They will also ask about the patient’s medical history. They will want to know about any conditions like diabetes or circulatory issues, as well as any recent injuries or surgeries. To confirm the diagnosis and check how much tissue has been damaged,check for spread of infection to deeper tissues, doctors may use advancedorder imaging methodsstudies as well. X-rays can show gas pockets patterns in casesin the tissues which may be suggestive of gas gangrene. CT or MRI scans can give clear images of blood vessels and tissues. This also helps in understanding how the extensive the infection is condition is spreading and how severe it isand guide further treatment. Standard Diagnostic Procedures Diagnosis usually starts with a physical exam. During this exam, the doctor looks closely at the affected area. He checks for symptoms of gangrene, such as changes in skin color, temperature, or texture. At the same time, blood tests are very important for finding signsto indicate the severity of any infection. A high white blood cell count and elevated C-reactive protein level shows indicates that the body is trying to fight off an infection, which happens often with gangrene. To confirm the diagnosis and find outA blood and tissue culture may also be performed to try to identify the type of bacteria involved, a tissue culture may be done. This means involves taking a small sample of tissue from the affected area and letting it grow in a lab. This helps identify the specific microorganism that is causing the infection so that targeted antibiotics can be given. Advanced Imaging Techniques Used In addition to the first check-up, advanced imaging methods are very important. They help in seeing how much tissue is damaged and how well blood circulation is. Arteriography is one example. It puts a special dye into the blood to make blood vessels show up in X-ray pictures. This process helps find where blood flow is low or blocked in and around the affected area. It gives important information about the serious nature of the condition. Another method, Doppler ultrasound, uses sound waves to make images of blood flow. This helps find any blockages or less blood flow. These imaging methods, together with clinical checks, help decide on treatment. They also create a specific management plan based on what each patient needs. Having the right diagnosis and understanding how bad the condition is very important for good treatment and the best results. Available Treatments and Management Strategies Treatment for gangrene focuses on three main goals: getting rid of dead tissue, stopping clearing infection, and bringing back blood flow. Surgery is often the main method usedtreatment of choice. This Surgery can includes debridement, which removes dead tissue, and in severe cases, amputation... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: dialysis - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Dialysis helps people with kidney failure. It filters waste and extra fluid out of the blood circulation. There are two main types of dialysis. Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter blood. Peritoneal dialysis uses a catheter in the abdomen for filtration. Both types of dialysis can have risks. These include infection, low blood pressure, and electrolyte imbalances. People on dialysis need to change their diet. They should limit sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intake. Staying active and doing approved physical activities is important for good health during dialysis. When kidney disease leads to kidney failure, dialysis treatment becomes a source of hope. This important process replaces the damaged kidney function. It works by filtering waste products and excess fluid from the blood. This article takes a closer look at dialysis. It covers its types, procedures, possible side effects, and the important lifestyle changes that are needed. The Basics of Dialysis Imagine your kidneys as advanced filters. They work hard to remove waste products and excess fluid from your blood. These waste products come from your body’s normal metabolic processes. When kidneys fail, waste products and excess fluid build up. This can be very dangerous for your health. Dialysis helps to replace this lost kidney function. It works like an artificial filter. It takes out the harmful substances from your blood. It also keeps the balance of fluids and electrolytes normal. This process is vital for staying alive when kidneys can no longer do their important job. What Dialysis Does for Your Body Dialysis is very important for people with kidney failure. It helps when their kidneys can’t work properly. First, it cleans your blood by filtering out waste products. These waste products can build up in the blood and cause problems when kidneys are not working. Next, dialysis helps control fluid levels in your body. When kidneys fail, you can get too much fluid, which can cause swelling and put a lot of stress on your heart. Dialysis removes this extra fluid to help keep everything balanced. Finally, dialysis helps manage blood pressure. Healthy kidneys keep blood pressure steady by balancing fluids and making hormones. When kidneys fail, dialysis helps in this too, leading to better blood pressure levels for those with kidney failure. The Importance of Dialysis for Kidney Health Dialysis is not a cure for chronic kidney disease. However, it is very important for keeping people alive and can improve their quality of life. You can think of it like a bridge that gives time to explore other treatment options, like a kidney transplant. Dialysis works by filtering waste products from the body, managing fluid levels, and helping to control blood pressure. This allows people to go on with their daily lives. They can work, enjoy time with family and friends, and follow their hobbies while taking care of their health. The role of dialysis in kidney health is clear. Early detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease are very important. If you notice symptoms like changes in urination, fatigue, or swelling, it is critical to get medical help right away. Types of Dialysis Explained It is very important for patients with kidney failure to understand the different types of dialysis. These choices give ways to mimic kidney function. Knowing the differences can help people make better decisions about their healthcare. There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Each method uses a different process to filter the blood. It is important to understand the details, benefits, and downsides of both options. This will help you choose the right one for your needs and lifestyle. Understanding Hemodialysis Hemodialysis, also called "blood washing," is a way to clean the blood using a special machine. It needs a place to access the blood, which is often done through an arteriovenous fistula or graft in the arm. This access point helps the blood flow easily to and from the dialysis machine. In a hemodialysis session, the patient’s blood is taken out through the access point and sent to the dialysis machine. Inside the machine, a filter called a dialyzer gets rid of waste products and excess fluid from the blood. After the blood is cleaned, it goes back into the patient's body. This treatment usually happens at a dialysis center three times a week and each session lasts for several hours. The Process and Benefits of Peritoneal Dialysis Peritoneal dialysis works differently. It uses the body's own peritoneal membrane as a natural filter. This membrane is inside the abdomen and acts like a semi-permeable wall. Before starting peritoneal dialysis, a doctor puts a catheter into the abdomen. This lets them add and take out the dialysis solution. Here's how it works: a clean dialysis solution goes into the abdominal cavity through the catheter. This solution stays in the abdomen for a set time, allowing waste products and extra fluid to move from the blood into the solution through the peritoneal membrane. Then, the solution, which now has waste products, is drained from the abdomen. Peritoneal dialysis has many benefits, including: Greater flexibility: Patients can do peritoneal dialysis at home or work, so they have more control over their time. Continuous filtration: Unlike hemodialysis that happens now and then, peritoneal dialysis works continuously, like healthy kidneys do. Portability: With the right training and tools, peritoneal dialysis can be done while traveling. Preparing for Dialysis Preparing for dialysis is a process that needs both physical and emotional preparation. Knowing what steps to take before you start dialysis, whether it's hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, can help reduce stress and make the transition easier. You will need to talk to your healthcare team about different topics. This includes creating vascular access for hemodialysis, placing a peritoneal dialysis catheter, and checking if you might be eligible for a kidney transplant. It's important to talk about your worries and to get support from family and friends during this time. Steps to Take Before Starting Hemodialysis Before starting hemodialysis, there are important steps to make your treatment successful. One key step is making a vascular access point, usually in your arm. In this surgery, doctors connect an artery and a vein, either directly or with a synthetic graft, to create an arteriovenous (AV) fistula or graft. This access point is needed for blood to flow easily in and out of the dialysis machine. Your healthcare team will show you how to care for your vascular access to avoid infection and keep it working well. Picking a dialysis centre that suits your needs is also important. Knowing where the centre is located, its hours, and the staff's skills can help you feel more at ease. Talk about any questions or needs you have with your medical team so you can make the best choices. How to Prepare for Peritoneal Dialysis Preparing for peritoneal dialysis requires a unique set of steps. The main focus is on placing a peritoneal dialysis catheter. This is a soft, flexible tube that your doctor will insert into your abdomen. This allows you to add and drain dialysis solution easily. The catheter is usually placed a few weeks before you begin peritoneal dialysis. This time is important for your healing. The lining of your abdomen, called the peritoneum, is important. It acts as a natural filter during the dialysis process. Your healthcare team will give you full training on how to use the dialysis bags. You will learn how to connect and disconnect them, keep everything clean, and watch for signs of infection. Knowing these steps and keeping good hygiene are vital for safe and effective peritoneal dialysis. The Dialysis Procedure The dialysis process, whether hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, is a lifesaver for kidney failure patients. It helps replace the important function of filtering blood that their kidneys can no longer do. Although each type of procedure is different, they both aim to remove waste products and extra fluid from the blood. When patients learn about how dialysis works, they can take part in their own treatment. Knowing more about it can give them a sense of control and confidence as they adjust to this new phase in their lives. What to Expect During Hemodialysis A typical hemodialysis session happens at a dialysis center. You usually go two to three times a week, and each session lasts about three to five hours. During the treatment, you will be comfortably sitting or lying down. Two needles go into your vascular access. One needle draws blood, and the other returns the cleansed blood. The dialysis machine, often called an "artificial kidney," filters your blood. It removes waste products and excess fluid. This machine also keeps a close watch on your blood pressure and heart rate, making changes to the treatment when needed. A healthcare professional supervises the whole process to keep you safe and comfortable. It is normal to feel tired or have a little discomfort during or after a hemodialysis session. However, most people get used to the treatment over time. They can go back to their daily routines with some changes. The Procedure of Peritoneal Dialysis Peritoneal dialysis lets you do the treatment anywhere—at home, at work, or even while traveling. It works by using a catheter that goes into your abdomen. You fill your abdomen with a dialysis solution, which stays there for a certain period of time. During this time, waste products and excess fluid move from your blood into the solution through the peritoneal membrane. There are two main types of peritoneal dialysis. One is Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD), which means you drain and refill the solution by hand several times a day. The other is Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD), which uses a machine called a cycler to do this automatically, usually at night. Your healthcare team will train you on how to use the method you pick. They will teach you the steps needed and stress the importance of keeping things clean to avoid infections. They will also help you watch for any complications and keep a healthy lifestyle while you are on peritoneal dialysis. Managing Side Effects and Complications Dialysis helps people with kidney failure live, but both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis can cause side effects and complications. These side effects can be mild, like muscle cramps, or more serious, such as infections. It's important to know about these potential side effects and how to handle them. This will help you keep a good quality of life while getting dialysis. You should talk openly with your healthcare team. Let them know right away if you notice any unusual symptoms. This way, they can act quickly to avoid more complications. Common Side Effects of Hemodialysis and How to Manage Them Hemodialysis is helpful, but it can cause side effects. One common problem is changes in blood pressure. When the dialysis machine filters your blood, it can quickly change fluid levels. This can lead to low blood pressure, dizziness, or even fainting. Your healthcare team keeps an eye on your blood pressure and makes changes to the treatment to reduce these issues. Muscle cramps are another common side effect. They often happen occur due to imbalances in electrolytes caused by dialysis. These cramps can hurt, but they usually don't last long. To help with muscle cramps, drink plenty of water, eat foods that balance your electrolytes, and do gentle stretching. If you have ongoing or serious side effects, talk to your healthcare team. They can change your treatment plan, adjust your medications, or suggest diet changes. This can help you manage your symptoms and feel more comfortable during hemodialysis. Addressing Peritoneal Dialysis Complications Peritoneal dialysis is a type of treatment that offers more flexibility, but it can come with some risks. One major worry is peritonitis. This is an infection of the peritoneum, which is the lining of the belly. It usually happens when bacteria get into the peritoneal cavity through the catheter. To avoid and quickly treat peritonitis, it is important to keep everything clean during... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: congested pelvic - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is when veins in the pelvis get larger, causing long-lasting pain. Congested pelvic mostly affects women of childbearing age, especially those who have had several pregnancies. Symptoms can be pain in the lower abdomen, pain during sex, and more pain when standing. To diagnose PCS, doctors usually do a physical exam, an ultrasound, and sometimes other imaging tests. Treatment options can include medication, changes in lifestyle, and small procedures that are not very invasive. Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a condition that many women don’t often get diagnosed with. It can cause chronic pelvic pain. This pain happens because the veins in the pelvis are enlarged, just like varicose veins in the legs. The exact causes of PCS are not fully known, but hormonal changes and how the body is shaped may matter a lot. The good news is that there are several treatment options. These include medication, making changes to daily life, and some procedures. All these are aimed at easing the pain and improving life quality of life. Exploring the Basics of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Imagine feeling a constant, dull ache in your lower abdomen. This heavy feeling can get worse as the day goes on. Many women deal experience with thissuch pain because of pelvic congestion syndrome. This problem happens develops when the veins in the pelvis, which are supposed to carry blood back to the heart, stretch out. The valves in these veins, which keep the blood flowing in one direction, stop working properly. This causes blood to build up in the veins, making them swell. The swelling puts pressure on nearby organs and causescause pain. The pain is usually a dull ache that can spread to the lower back, thighs, or even the vulva. It often gets worse when you stand or sit for a long period of time. However, it tends to feel better when you lie down. Defining Pelvic Congestion Syndrome in the Singaporean Context In Singapore, women lead busy lives, making PCS a major issue for affecting their well-being. It's not just about the physical pain; it can also affect daily tasks, work, and personal relationships. Many women might not realize they have PCS because they think their pelvic pain comes from other problems. That's why it's important to talk to a healthcare provider promptly. Getting the right diagnosis and discussing treatment options is key in Singapore's healthcare system. Early diagnosis and treatment can help avoid future complications and improve one's quality of life. Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms of Pelvic Congestion Pelvic pain is a common issue, but some signs can help identify PCS. Women with this problem often feel a dull, aching pain in the lower abdomen. This pain can get worse throughout the day, especially if they are standing or sitting for a long period of time. It may also spread to the lower back, buttocks, or inner thighs. The pain can be especially noticeable during or after sexual intercourse, making intimacy uncomfortable or even painful. Many women notice their pain increases just before or during their menstrual cycle. Other symptoms might include visible varicose veins on the buttocks, thighs, or vulva, and some women feel pain or discomfort when urinating. If you have any of these symptoms, it's important to see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. You can also talk about treatment options that may help. Investigating the Causes Behind Pelvic Congestion The exact reason for pelvic congestion syndrome is still not clear. However, several factors contribute to it. A main idea is aboutMost cases appear to be due to venous insufficiency in the pelvis. This means the valves in the veins are weak or damaged. This issue can cause blood to pool in the pelvic area. Hormones may also play a role, especially estrogen. Estrogen can relax blood vessel walls. This relationship seems important since pelvic congestion syndrome mainly affects women of reproductive age. Symptoms can get worse during pregnancy or just before a period. The Role of Venous Insufficiency in Pelvic Congestion Imagine veins as highways for blood, taking it back to the heart. Just like highways need working traffic lights, veins need valves to make sure blood flows the right way. When these valves weaken or get damaged, it causes problems for blood flow. Instead of moving smoothly to the heart, blood starts to pool in the veins. This makes the veins stretch and bulge. When this happens in the pelvis, it can lead to pelvic congestion syndrome. This pooling, which is also called venous reflux, is especially bad for the ovarian veins because they often have valve issues. This problem lets blood flow backward, raising pressure in the pelvic veins. It is this extra pressure and swelling that causecauses a lot of the pain linked to pelvic congestion syndrome. Understanding Hormonal Imbalances and Their Impact Hormones are important chemical messengers in the body. They help control many functions, like the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Hormones also affect how blood vessels function. Estrogen is a major hormone in women. It helps blood vessels relax and widen. When a woman is pregnant, estrogen levels go up. This causes pelvic veins to get bigger. The body needs this change to handle the extra blood flow for the baby. After giving birth, these changes usually go back to normal. But sometimes, they can make the vein walls and valves weaker, leading to PCS. Also, changes in estrogen during the menstrual cycle can make PCS symptoms worse. This may result in more pain and discomfort before or during periods. Risk Factors and Diagnosis of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome The exact cause of PCS is still not clear. However, some factors can raise a woman's risk. These factors are: multiple pregnancies, a family history of varicose veins, hormonal changes, and conditions that increase abdominal pressure, like obesity. To manage PCS well and avoid long-term issues, early diagnosis is important. Diagnosing PCS usually requires different steps. It starts with a detailed look at a woman's medical history and a physical examination. Imaging tests, like a pelvic ultrasound, are very important. They help see the pelvic veins and find any problems. Identifying Who is at Risk of Developing Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Any woman can get PCS, but some things can increase the chances. Women who can become pregnant, especially those with many pregnancies, are at a higher risk. This is because pregnancy raises the amount of blood in the body, which puts extra pressure on the pelvic veins. The hormonal changes during pregnancy can also relax the walls of veins, causing valve issues and blood buildup. Besides pregnancy, having a family history of varicose veins, being overweight, or working jobs where you stand for a long time can raise the risk of getting PCS. Other conditions, like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which causes hormonal imbalances, might also contribute. Finding these risk factors is important for spotting PCS early and getting treatment. This can help prevent or lessen the symptoms of pelvic pain. If you have any of these risk factors and feel pelvic pain, it's important to talk to a healthcare provider about your worries. Diagnostic Approaches in Singapore: From Ultrasound to Venography Diagnosing PCS in Singapore starts with a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider. They will ask about your medical history, such as any pregnancies you’ve had. They will also do a physical exam to check for pelvic tenderness. Imaging tests are key to confirming the diagnosis and ruling out other reasons for pelvic pain. A pelvic ultrasound is often the first imaging test used, as it is easy to access in Singapore. This test uses sound waves to create pictures of the pelvic organs. It helps doctors check the size and blood flow in the pelvic veins. If the ultrasound indicates PCS, more detailed imaging may be needed. This could involve a CT scan, MRI, or magnetic resonance venography (MRV). These methods provide clear images of the pelvic veins. They help specialists see the exact location and extent of any problems with the veins. Comprehensive Treatment Options for Pelvic Congestion Syndrome In Singapore, women can find different treatment options for PCS. These options are designed to fit their personal needs and the seriousness severity of their condition. Usually, the first step is to make changes in lifestyle and use medications to help with pain and discomfort. If these methods do not work well enough, there are minimally invasive procedures that can help. These procedures focus on solving the main issue of venous insufficiency. This can give long-term relief from the bothersome symptoms of PCS. Medications and Pain Management Strategies Managing PCS begins with easing the often severe pain. Over-the-counter pain relievers, like ibuprofen or naproxen, can help cut down inflammation and give temporary relief. But for pain that doesn’t go away, your doctor may suggest stronger medications. Hormonal therapy can also help. Using birth control pills or other hormonal medicines can stabilize hormone levels. This reduces the sharp changes that can make PCS symptoms worse. These treatments help shrink the thick uterine lining and lower blood flow, which helps clear congestion. In addition to medication, changes in lifestyle are important. Regular exercise and a healthy diet can help control weight, improve blood flow, and reduce abdominal pressure. These changes support overall pain relief and enhance a woman's quality of life. Surgical Treatments: Emphasizing Pelvic and Ovarian Vein Embolization For women looking for a long-term fix, there are effective treatment options using minimally invasive surgical methods. One popular option is pelvic vein embolization. This procedure has a high success rate in easing symptoms of PCS. Done with local anesthesia and some sedation, this minimally invasive procedure uses a thin tube called a catheter. The catheter goes through a small cut in the groinpuncture in the neck and moves is navigated to the affected pelvic vein, often the ovarian vein. Once it is in the right place, the catheter releases tiny coils or a special solution that blocks the damaged vein. This change helps blood flow to healthier veins. By doing this, pressure and congestion in the pelvic veins decrease. Many women experience good pain relief and improvements in their symptoms. Usually, this procedure is done on an outpatient basis. This means the recovery time is shorter, and women can get back to daily activities faster. Lifestyle Adjustments and Alternative Therapies Beyond medical treatments, making changes to your lifestyle can greatly help with managing PCS. Keeping a healthy weight with a balanced diet and regular exercise is important. Extra weight can add pressure to the pelvic veins. Joining in activities like brisk walking, swimming, or yoga may help lose weight and improve blood flow. This can reduce pain and discomfort. Also, maintaining good posture while sitting and standing can lower pressure on the pelvic area, which further helps with discomfort. Adding therapies like pelvic floor exercises or physical therapy can help strengthen pelvic muscles. This can improve bladder control and lower overall pain. These lifestyle changes, along with medical treatments, provide a complete approach to managing PCS. They help women regain control over their bodies and improve their quality of life. The Path to Recovery: What to Expect After Treatment After PCS treatment, which can include medications, lifestyle changes, or procedures, it is important to understand the recovery process. Many women feel better within a few weeks after treatment, especially after procedures like embolization. Still, it is important to keep realistic expectations. Complete recovery can take time. Being patient and talking openly with healthcare providers is key during this time. This helps address any concerns quickly and ensures a smoother return to daily life. Short-term Recovery and Managing Expectations In the days after a pelvic vein embolization, it’s normal to feel some mild pain or see bruising where the catheter was inserted. You can usually manage these temporary issues with pain medicine and resting. Most women find that their pelvic pain is much less or completely gone shortly after the procedure. It’s essential to remember... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights An abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment Singapore is a bump weakening in the aorta, which is the main artery in the body. It usually doesn’t show symptoms but can lead to severe internal bleeding if it breaksbursts (ruptures). Some risk factors are high blood pressure, smoking, and family history. The treatment you get depends on the aneurysm's size and how fast it grows. Some options are monitoring, open surgery, or a less invasive endovascular repair (aka stenting). An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a serious illness that needs focused medical care. It happens when a part of the aorta, which is the main artery that sends blood from the heart to the body, becomes weak and swells. Keeping blood pressure healthy is vital for everyone but is especially important for those with AAA. This guide provides simple information about AAA treatment, including how it is diagnosed, aortic repair choices, and changes you can make in your lifestyle. Understanding Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Aortic aneurysms happen when the wall of the aorta becomes weak, causing a bulge. For an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), this bulge is in the abdominal aorta, which is the largest artery in the body. AAA may not show any symptoms, but it can cause back pain or discomfort in the abdomen. If AAAs are not treated, there is a risk of a rupture, which can lead to severe internal bleeding and be life-threatening. It is very important to find detect AAA early with tests like a CT scan or ultrasound. Getting treatment on time is also crucial. Surgical intervention is often needed to avoid problems. This can be done with open surgery or endovascular stent grafting. Defining AAA and Its Importance An aortic aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of the aorta, which is the largest artery in the body. The aorta runs from the heart, through the chest and abdomen, carrying oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body. An aneurysm happens when the wall of the aorta becomes weak, causing it to widen in an abnormal way. When the bulge occurs in the section of the aorta that goes through the abdomen, it is known as an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The abdominal aorta is more likely to form an aneurysm because of the constant pressure from blood flow. As AAAs grow, they can get weaker and have a greater risk of rupture. A ruptured AAA is a medical emergency that needs immediate helpintervention. Common Causes and Risk Factors in Singapore Many factors can lead to AAA development. High blood pressure puts extra strain on the walls of arteries. This strain can weaken them and cause an aneurysm. Smoking harms blood vessels and greatly increases the risk of AAA. It's very important to manage blood pressure through lifestyle changes and medicine if necessary. Genetics also matter. If you have a family history of AAAs or have a connective tissue disorder, your risk is higher. Other risk factors include hardening of the arteries, high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes. Knowing about these risk factors and taking action to lower them is key. This approach can help prevent AAA or find it early when treatment works best. Initiating Your Journey: Getting Started with AAA Treatment For a lot of people, starting AAA treatment can feel overwhelming at first. The first important step is to know the symptoms and to get medical help quickly. Knowing when to see a doctor can save your life if you think you have a potential AAA. It is important to have the right information and to understand the treatment process for a better experience. This section will help you recognize possible symptoms and get ready for your treatment journey. Recognizing the Symptoms: When to Seek Medical Advice In the beginning, AAAs often grow without showing any signs. But as the aneurysm gets bigger, people might feel some symptoms. These can include a pulsing pulsating feeling near the belly button, ongoing or strong pain in the stomach or lower back, and sometimes back pain that moves to the groin, buttocks, or legs. You should also watch for other signs like shortness of breath, a hoarse voice, trouble swallowing, or a cough that doesn’t go away. If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to get medical help right away. It's crucial to see a healthcare professional quickly if you have any of these symptoms. They can check your situation and suggest what you should do next. Finding AAAs early is important for managing them successfully. Essential Resources and Preparations for Treatment If you find out that you have an AAA, it is very important to see a good vascular surgeon. A vascular surgeon knows how to diagnose and treat problems in the circulatory system, including AAAs. They will give you detailed information about your condition, possible treatments, and how to manage your health for in the long term. Be ready to talk openly with your medical team. Ask questions if you are unsure about anything and get involved in your care decisions. It can help to bring a family member or friend to your appointments for support and to take notes. Also, looking for information from trusted places, such as medical websites, patient groups, and healthcare organizations, can help you make better choices about your health. A Step-by-Step Guide to AAA Treatment Process Going through the treatment for AAA can seem like a lot at first. It's key to know that how AAA is treated depends on different factors. These factors include the size of the aneurysm, how fast it is growing, if there are symptoms, and your general health. This guide simplifies the process, helping you understand the steps involved. However, always check with your doctor for advice that is right for you. Step 1: Diagnostic Tests and Initial Evaluation The first step in diagnosing an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is usually a physical examination. During this check-up, your doctor will press on your abdomen to look for a pulsating mass. While this exam is important, it is usually followed by imaging tests to confirm the diagnosis and find out the size and location of the aneurysm. An ultrasound scan is often the first imaging test used. It is a non-invasive procedure that uses sound waves to make pictures of your aorta. This helps the doctor see its condition. If an AAA is found during the ultrasound, a CT scan may be suggested for a closer look. A CT scan gives a three-dimensional view of the aorta. It shows detailed information about the size and shape of the aneurysm and how it relates to nearby structures. This information helps your vascular surgeon plan the best treatment strategy. Step 2: Evaluating Treatment Options - Surgical and Non-Surgical Approaches Once you are diagnosed, the next step is to figure out the best way to treat it. Choosing between surgery or non-surgical treatment depends on several things. These include the size of the aneurysm, how fast it is growing, and whether there are any symptoms. For smaller and stable aneurysms, doctors may suggest a watchful waiting plan. This means keeping an eye on it with regular ultrasound or CT scans. They will also recommend lifestyle changes, like quitting smoking and controlling blood pressure, to lower the risk of rupture. However, if the aneurysm is larger, growing quickly, or causing symptoms, surgery is usually needed. Surgical repair can be done in two main ways: open surgery or endovascular stent grafting. Open surgery requires making a cut in the abdomen to reach the aorta and then replacing the weak part with a synthetic graft. Endovascular stent grafting is less invasive. It uses a catheter inserted through an artery in the groin to place a stent graft that supports the weak aorta wall. Step 3: Preparing for Surgery - What to Expect Preparing for surgery, whether it is open surgical repair or endovascular stent grafting, involves a few important steps. Your medical team will give you clear instructions based on your needs. Following these instructions carefully is very important. It helps reduce risks and leads to a better recovery. Before your surgery, you will have a thorough medical check-up. This includes blood tests, an electrocardiogram (ECG), and a chest X-ray. These tests help to check your health and find any risk factors. Your medical team will also explain the risks and benefits of the surgery you will have. Depending on the type of surgery, you might need to stop certain medications or change your diet before the procedure. It's also very important to tell your surgeon about any allergies. This helps to reduce the chance of any bad reactions. Step 4: Understanding Post-Surgery Recovery and Monitoring Post-surgery recovery and monitoring are very important parts of AAA treatment. After your surgery, you will be watched closely in the hospital for a few days while your body heals. How long you stay in the hospital depends on the type of surgery you had and your health. Open surgical repair usually needs a longer recovery time. In contrast, endovascular stent grafting often means a shorter hospital stay and a quicker return to your daily routine. No matter what type of surgery you hadhave, it is crucial to follow your doctor's care instructions after the operation. You will have regular follow-up appointments to check how well you are recovering. At these appointments, your doctor will look at the surgical site, check for any problems, and change your medications if needed. Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment in sSingapore is very important in healthcare. Early detection and quick action can make a big difference. It’s essential to know the symptoms and risk factors. Also, getting medical help on time is key to managing AAA well. By learning about the treatment process—like tests, surgery options, and care after surgery—you can work towards better health. Keep in mind that changing your lifestyle is very important for managing AAA. This means making healthy choices. Regular check-ups and talks with your doctor are necessary for keeping an eye on and preventing AAA. Stay informed and active in your AAA treatment to get the best results. {"@context":"https://schema. org","@type":"FAQPage","@id":"https://www. sgvascularctr. com/beginners-guide-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-treatment-basics/","mainEntity":} What lifestyle changes can help manage AAA? Keeping a healthy lifestyle can greatly help with AAA management. It is important to control blood pressure well. Eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats is important too. Regular exercise is essential. Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of rupture and improve overall heart health. How Long Does a Typical CLaCS Procedure Take? The decision to choose open surgery or endovascular repair for AAA depends on the size and location of the aneurysm as well as your general health. Your vascular surgeon will look at these aspects and talk to you about which option is best. They will also think about the risks and benefits related to your situation. What are the signs of an AAA rupture? Signs of an AAA rupture are sudden and severe pain in your abdomen or back. This pain often feels like tearing. You might also feel dizzy, nauseous, or have clammy skin. Your heart rate may increase, and you could feel weak. It is important to get immediate medical attention. How often should I get screened for AAA? Screening advice for AAA depends on risk factors. Men between 65 and 75 years old who have smoked should think about getting an ultrasound of the aorta. It’s important to talk to your doctor. They can help you understand your personal risk and see if screening is right for you. Can AAA be prevented through diet or exercise? A healthy lifestyle can really help lower the chances of getting an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This includes eating well, exercising regularly, and not smoking. While you can't completely prevent it, making these choices can greatly reduce your risk. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Antiplatelet therapy Singapore, Carotid angioplasty Singapore, Carotid artery diagnosis Singapore, carotid artery disease Singapore, carotid artery disease treatment, Carotid artery disease treatment Singapore, Carotid artery imaging Singapore, Carotid artery stenosis Singapore, Carotid artery treatment Singapore, Carotid endarterectomy Singapore, Carotid stenting Singapore, CT angiography carotid Singapore, Duplex ultrasound carotid Singapore, Lifestyle modification carotid disease Singapore, Minimally invasive carotid treatment Singapore, MRA carotid Singapore, Statins carotid Singapore, Stroke prevention Singapore, TCAR Singapore, Transcarotid artery revascularization Singapore, vascular surgeon Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Learn what carotid artery disease is and how it affects blood flow. Understand the risk factors and causes linked to this disease. Recognize the signs and symptoms to look out for, including early warning signssignals. Discover important recommended tests and procedures used for diagnosing carotid artery disease. Explore the different treatment options, such as conservative medical management and surgery. Embrace lifestyle changes and self-care habits for better blood vessel health and prevention. Carotid artery disease treatment is very important for good vascular health. It's necessary to understand this condition for better managementoutcomes. There are many steps involved, from the tests used to diagnose it to treatments like carotid endarterectomy and carotid angioplastyartery stenting. Each of these steps is crucial for helping the patient recover. Knowing about risk factors, symptoms, and making lifestyle changes can greatly improve the results. In this guide, we explore the details of carotid artery disease treatment. This aims to give people the knowledge they need to make smart choices. Understanding Carotid Artery Disease Carotid artery disease happens develops when the carotid arteries narrow because of fatty deposits. This narrowing reduces the blood flow to the brain. As a result, it raises the risk of stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Managing blood pressure is very important to avoid complications. To check the severity of carotid artery stenosis, doctors use tests like duplex ultrasound and CT scans. Understanding what this disease means is key for early help and good treatment plansdetails about this condition will help patients decide when to seek timely medical attention to get better outcomes and avoid life threatening complications. The Basics of Carotid Artery Disease Carotid artery disease happens develops when the carotid arteries in the neck become narrow or blocked. This can stop normal blood flow to the brain. The blockage is mainly caused by fatty deposits called plaque that build up on within the artery walls. As the blockage becomes worseworsens, the risk of stroke goes up a lot becauseas less blood can reach the brain. This can lead to serious problemscomplications, like such as permanent brain cell damage or even death. It's important to understand this condition for quick detection and proper treatment. Risk Factors and Causes in Singapore In Singapore, there are some common risk factors for which predispose to developing carotid artery disease. These include high blood pressure, smoking, and a diet that is high in saturated fats. These factors can lead to the build-up of fatty deposits in the carotid arteries. This build-up causes the arteries to narrow and reduces blood flow. Age and family history also play important roles in getting this conditionalso known risk factors that can increase one’s risk of developing carotid artery disease. Knowing these risk factors is very important. It can help with early detection and intervention to avoid serious problems like stroke. Signs and Symptoms to Watch For Feeling weak or numb on one side of your body, especially in your face, arm, or leg, might be a sign of carotid artery disease. You should also watch for vision issues in one eye or having trouble speaking. Pay attention to sudden dizziness, bad headaches, or confusion. Serious signs like passing out, trouble walking, or quickly slurred speech need urgent helpmedical attention. Don't ignore these symptoms; get medical care right away to avoid problemsserious complications. Early Warning Signs of Carotid Artery Disease Sudden weakness or feeling numb on one side of the body can be a sign of carotid artery disease. Having trouble speaking or understanding speech, along with a temporary loss of vision in one eye, are also potential early signs. Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), which are also called "mini-strokes," could indicate a bigger problem. It's very important not to ignore these warning signs because they might happen be a precursor tobefore a serious stroke. Getting medical help right away when you have these symptoms can greatly lower the chance of serious problems. When to Seek Medical Attention Anyone with potential risk factors for developing carotid artery disease should be screened for it before any symptoms develop. Do not wait till you experience symptoms, as the best outcomes are achieved when treatment is initiated prior to a major stroke. If you do experience symptoms such as suddenly feeling weak or numb on one side of your body, cannot speak well, or have problems seeing, get medical help right away. Other warning signs of an impending stroke are feeling dizzy, having a severe headache with no clear cause, and losing balance or coordination without explanation. Also Ddo not overlook short symptoms, like temporary blindness in one eye or slurred speech. Acting fast can greatly lower the chance of a major stroke. Pay attention to what your body is telling you and respond quickly to keep yourself healthy. Diagnosing Carotid Artery Disease Diagnostic tests for carotid artery disease usually involve duplex ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography, or a CT scan. These tests check how serious the carotid artery stenosis is, which helps doctors decide on treatments. A physical exam and looking at medical history are also very important. By checking the blood flow in the carotid arteries, doctors can find out the risk of stroke and plan the right steps to take. Getting an accurate diagnosis quickly is key to managing this condition well. Essential Diagnostic Tests and Procedures Magnetic resonance angiography and duplex ultrasound are important for diagnosing carotid artery disease. These tests give provide clear detailed pictures images of the carotid arteries. They help doctors check blood flow and find any blockages or narrowing. Sometimes, a CT scan or angiography is done to look at the condition even moreprovide more information to guide management of this condition. Getting a timely and correct diagnosis is key to deciding the best treatment plan for each patient. Working closely with your healthcare team leads to customized care and better management of carotid artery disease. Understanding Your Diagnosis When you find out you haveUpon diagnosis of carotid artery disease, your healthcare provider will should talk to you about your condition. They will tell you how much your carotid arteries are blocked,Information such as if there are any plaques or stenosis (to what degree the artery is narrowed by), and what risk factors may have caused the disease should be shared. Knowing Understanding your diagnosis is very important. It helps in making deciding on the best treatment plan just for you and can lower the chance of complications. Don't hesitate to ask your healthcare provider any questions that you may have. This will help you understand your situation better. Treatment Options for Carotid Artery Disease Carotid artery disease can be managed conservatively with just medications and lifestyle modifications, or surgery for more serious casesMedical management and surgery are common ways to treat carotid artery disease. It is important to control your blood pressure and cholesterol levels to manage this conditionin order to reduce your risk of serious complications. In severe cases, doctors might suggest surgery surgical options like carotid endarterectomy or carotid angioplasty artery stenting to help with improve blood flow. Talk to your healthcare provider to find the best treatment plan for your needs. Acting early can help lower the risk of stroke and support a healthier vascular system other life-threatening complications. Medical Management Strategies It is important to closely watch medical treatments for any changes. Medications such as antiplatelet agents help prevent clotting formation in the narrowed artery. Statins are used to manage reduce serum cholesterol levels and avoid further fatty deposits in the artery wall. Managing blood pressure is critical for overall health. Your healthcare provider will create advise on a treatment plan suited to your needsparticular condition. Regular check-ups are essential. They allow you to assess progress and change treatments medications if needed. Learning about side effects can help you manage your health better. Working togetherWork with your medical team is crucial for managing carotid artery diseaseto manage your risk factors and lower your risk of carotid artery disease complications such as a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or a stroke. Surgical Interventions: When and Why? When thinking about surgery for carotid artery disease, timing is very important. Doctors usually would suggest surgery when the blockage narrowing is serious significant to predispose you to or when there is a high risk of stroke. Knowing when to have the surgery and why it is needed is key to getting the best treatment results. Lifestyle Modifications and Self-Care Carotid artery disease treatment usually requires involves some lifestyle changes. Eating healthier can help your blood vessels. Exercising regularly is good for prevention and recovery. Keeping blood pressure levels healthy is important for good blood flow. Following the advice from the American Heart Association can help lower the risk of stroke. Using these self-care practices along with medical treatment can greatly improve how you manageoutcomes from carotid artery disease. Dietary Changes for Better Vascular Health Make sure your diet has plenty of foods high in antioxidants. Fruits and vegetables are great choices. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish can help lower blood pressure and cut downreduce inflammation. Try to limit saturated and trans fats, as these are often found in processed foods. Choosing whole grains gives you fiber, and lean proteins like poultry and legumes are good too. Watch your salt intake. Instead, use herbs and spices to add flavor. Eating a balanced diet is important. It helps your overall vascular health and lowers the risk of issues withdeveloping carotid artery disease. Exercise: A Cornerstone for Prevention and Recovery Exercise is very important for preventing and recovering from carotid artery disease. Regular physical activity helps lower blood pressure, improves blood flow, and decreases the risk of stroke. By adding exercise to your daily routine, you can make your heart and blood vessels healthier and slow down the buildup of atherosclerosis. The American Heart Association recommends moderate-intensity activities like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming. It's a good idea to talk to your healthcare provider about creating an exercise plan that fits your needs. In conclusion, it is very important to act quickly for carotid artery disease treatment. Knowing the risk factors and spotting the symptoms are key. Medical care and surgery are important for treating advanced cases. Changes in lifestyle, like eating well and exercising, can greatly improve your vascular health. Regular check-ups with healthcare providers are necessary for ongoing care. By taking care of carotid artery disease quickly and fullycomprehensively, you can lower the risk of stroke and other problemscomplications. This leads to better long-term outcomes and quality of life. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Benign tumor diagnosis Singapore, Benign tumor management Singapore, Benign tumor removal Singapore, benign tumor treatment singapore, Benign vascular tumor treatment Singapore, beningn tumor treatmen, Cryoablation benign tumor Singapore, Hemangioma treatment Singapore, Hipp hemangioma treatment Singapore, Imaging benign tumor Singapore, Laser treatment benign lump Singapore, Lymphatic malformation treatment Singapore, Medication for benign tumor Singapore, Minimally invasive benign tumor treatment Singapore, Multidisciplinary benign tumor care Singapore, Non‑surgical benign tumor Singapore, Radiofrequency ablation benign tumor Singapore, Sclerotherapy for benign tumor Singapore, Sirolimus therapy vascular malformation Singapore, Vascular malformation embolization Singapore, Venous malformation treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Benign tumors are noncancerous growths that do not spread to other parts of the body. These tumors are common and usually not dangerous, but some can lead to complications based on their size and location. Symptoms depend on the type and location of the tumor. Some tumors may not show any symptoms at all. Doctors can use imaging scans like MRI, CT, ultrasound, and X-ray, along with biopsies and blood tests, to diagnose these tumors. Treatment is not always needed, but options include surgical removal, medication, and radiation therapy. This blog talks about benign tumors, how they are diagnosed, and the benign tumor treatment options available in Singapore. We want to clear up any confusion about benign tumors. They are usually noncancerous, which can be reassuring. However, it is important to see a healthcare provider. They can give a proper diagnosis and help you understand any effects these tumors may have on your quality of life. Overview of Benign Tumors in Singapore Singapore has a strong world-class medical system that helps manage benign tumors well. The healthcare here has the latest tools for diagnosis and treatment. This means patients get the right diagnosis and good care. Knowing more about benign tumors can help people make better choices about their health, especially in the healthcare system. Defining Benign Tumors Benign tumors are noncancerous growths. They come from cell growth that is abnormal but not harmful. Unlike cancerous tumors, benign tumors do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. They usually grow slowly and have smooth edges. Often, they are surrounded by a fibrous capsule. The exact reasons for developing benign tumors are not always known. However, genetics, environmental toxins, and long-term inflammation may contribute to their formation. It's important to know that "benign" doesn't mean they are always safe. Depending on where they are and how big they are, these growths can press on nearby organs, nerves, or blood vessels. This pressure can lead to complications. That is why it's essential to get an evaluation by a healthcare provider. They can help assess any risks and suggest the right treatment. Prevalence and Importance in Singapore While there isn't a lot of specific data on how common all types of benign tumors are in Singapore, studies show that these growths are very common. Some types, like uterine fibroids, are especially common in women. Other types, such as lipomas (which are fatty tumors), are often found in people of different ages. Because benign tumors are so common, it is important to understand what they are and how they can affect your health. In Singapore, the healthcare system focuses on early detection and customized treatment plans. Having regular checkups and talking to a healthcare provider if you notice any strange symptoms is very important. This can help you stay healthy and reduce any risks linked to benign tumors. Identifying Benign Tumors: Symptoms and Types Spotting the signs and symptoms of benign tumors is usually the first step to getting the right medical help. These symptoms can vary widely and can look similar tomimic other health issues. This can make it hard to figure out what is wrong on your own. That is why getting professional medical care is important for a correctcorrect diagnosis and treatment. Common Symptoms Associated with Benign Tumors The symptoms of benign tumors can vary a lot based on their size and where they are located. Some people may not show any symptoms at all, and the tumor might only be found during a regular health checkup. But when symptoms do appear, they depend on which part of the body is affected. For example, a benign tumor on the spinal cord might lead to back pain, weakness, or numbness. If the tumor is in the abdomen, it might cause bloating, discomfort, or changes in bowel habits. Benign tumors close to the skin may feel like a lump or bump that is usually not painful, but it can cause worries about appearance. In some cases, benign tumors can lead to more general symptoms like unexpected weight loss, tiredness, or a low fever. If you have any of these symptoms, especially if they keep happening or get worse, it is important to see a healthcare provider for a proper check-up. Various Types of Benign Tumors in Detail Benign tumors are categorized based on the type of cells from which they originate. Here are some prevalent types: Tumor TypeDescriptionCommon LocationAdenomasDevelop from glandular tissueColon, thyroid, pituitary glandFibromasArise from fibrous or connective tissueUterus, anywhere in the bodyLipomasComposed of fat cellsUnder the skin (neck, shoulders, back, limbs)MyomasOriginate in muscle tissueUterus (Uterine fibroids), stomach, digestive tractHemangiomasAn overgrowth of blood vesselsSkin (birthmarks), liver, colonNeuromasGrow from nerve cellsAnywhere along nerves (e. g. , acoustic neuroma, schwannomas)MeningiomasDevelop from the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cordBrain or spinal cord Advanced Diagnostic Techniques for Benign Tumors Diagnosing benign tumors requires several steps using advanced imaging and lab tests. These techniques help doctors see the tumor and understand its features. They also help in telling benign tumors apart from ones that might be cancerous. This careful review is important for deciding the best treatment plan. Imaging Tests Used in Diagnosis Modern medicine uses imaging technology a lot to see what's inside the body and find problems like tumors. For benign tumors, many imaging tools are used. MRI scans create very clear pictures of soft tissues. They are especially helpful for checking tumors in the brain, spinal cord, muscles, and internal organs. CT scans use X-rays to make cross-sectional images of the body. This helps to see tumors in bones, lungs, and the abdomen. Ultrasound is another method that is painless and non-invasive. It uses sound waves to create images and is often used to look at tumors in organs like the thyroid, breast, and uterus. X-rays are not as detailed as MRI or CT scans, but they are still useful for looking at bone tumors like osteomas. Skilled radiologists examine these images. They help figure out the tumor's size, location, and features, which is important for further diagnosis and planning treatment. Role of Biopsies in Confirming Tumor Type Imaging techniques help us see the structure and location of a tumor. However, to be sure of the diagnosis, we often need to look at a tissue sample under a microscope. That's where biopsies come in. A biopsy means taking a tiny piece of the tumor, and then a pathologist looks at it closely. They check the cells in the sample to find clues that show if the growth is benign or malignant. How we take the biopsy depends on where the tumor is. We can use fine-needle aspiration, core needle biopsy, or surgical biopsies based on the tumor's size and how easy it is to reach. This important step helps confirm the diagnosis. It also guides treatment choices and gives patients peace of mind about what they are dealing with. Comprehensive Treatment Options for Benign Tumors The way we treat benign tumors is different for each person. It hinges on the type, location, size, and symptoms of the tumor. Sometimes, no treatment is needed at all. In those cases, doctors will just keep an eye on it. But if treatment is needed, there are various options. These can include surgery or simpler, less invasive procedures. Surgical Removal Techniques Surgery is often the best choice when benign tumors cause symptoms, create risks, or raise worries about cancer. The type of surgery used depends on the tumor's kind, size, and where it is. For example, doctors often prefer laparoscopic surgery, which is less invasive, to remove uterine fibroids. However, more complicated surgeries may be needed for tumors in sensitive areas like the spinal cord. New surgical technologies, like robotic-assisted surgery, help doctors be more precise and less invasive. This leads to quicker recovery and fewer complications. Your healthcare provider will discuss the best surgical option for you, taking into account your unique situation along with the possible risks and benefits. Non-Surgical Treatment Methods Aside from surgery, there are other ways to manage benign tumors. This is especially true when the tumor is small, grows slowly, or if surgery could cause more problems. Medications can help shrink certain types of tumors. For example, in cases like hemangiomas, medicated creams or gels can be effective and reduce the tumor over time. Radiation therapy is another option that doesn’t involve surgery. It might be used to shrink tumors or stop them from growing. One common way to deliver this therapy is through external beam radiation. This method uses high-energy rays to target and destroy tumor cells. However, radiation therapy can have side effects, even for benign tumors. These may include fatigue and skin irritation. Your healthcare provider will look at all these factors before choosing the safest and best treatment for you. In conclusion, it is important to understand benign tumor treatments. This knowledge helps you make good choices about your health. In Singapore, there are advanced tests and complete treatment options. People can get medical attention in a timely way. Knowing the symptoms and types of benign tumors can help with early detection and better management. With surgery or non-surgery methods, treating benign tumors on time can lead to better results and overall well being. Stay active about your health. Talk to healthcare professionals and find the treatment plan that fits you best. Your health is very important, and taking action is the first step to a healthier tomorrow. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Angioplasty Singapore, Ankle-brachial index Singapore, Arterial disease prevention Singapore, Arterial disease symptoms Singapore, Arterial risk factors Singapore, Arterial ultrasound Singapore, arterial vein disease Singapore, Atherectomy Singapore, Critical limb ischaemia Singapore, CT angiography Singapore, Diabetes arterial disease Singapore, Endovascular peripheral intervention Singapore, Intermittent claudication Singapore, Leg artery blockage Singapore, Leg ulcer arterial Singapore, PAD Singapore, peripheral arterial disease singapore, Peripheral artery bypass Singapore, Peripheral artery diagnosis Singapore, Peripheral artery stenting Singapore, Smoking arterial disease Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), also calleda type of arterial vein disease singapore, is a big health issue around the world. It happens when plaque builds up in the arteries. This reduces blood flow to the limbs, mainly the legs. Some common signs are leg pain, especially during physical activity, numbness, and a cold feeling in the legs or feet. The chance of getting PAD goes up with age. It is also more common in people who have conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. Doctors use several tests like the ankle-brachial index, ultrasound, and angiography to find PAD. Treatment for PAD can include changes in lifestyle, less invasive procedures, and sometimes surgery. One of the more common Aarterial vein diseases, also called Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), is a big health issue in Singapore. This condition affects the circulatory system. It limits blood flow from the arteries to the limbs, especially the legs. It's very important to recognize the symptoms and know the risk factors of PAD. This helps with early detection and better management. In this blog post, we will talk about the causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of arterial vein diseases in Singapore. This information will help people make better choices about their vascular health. The Basics of Arterial Vein Disease in Singapore Arterial vein diseases, known asof which PAD is one of the more common, happens when plaque builds up in the arteries. This makes the arteries narrower and stops blood from flowing well to different parts of the body. While PAD can affect arteries all over, it usually impacts the legs, causing pain and discomfort during physical activity. The seriousness of PAD can be different for each person. In the early stages, there might be no symptoms. However, if it gets worse, it could lead to critical limb ischemia and may require amputation if not treated quickquickly enough. It's important to understand the basics of PAD, including its causes, symptoms, and risk factors so you can prevent it and get timely treatment. Defining Arterial Vein Disease and Its Prevalence in Singapore Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a problem with the circulatory system. It happens when plaque builds up in the arteries, making it hard for blood to flow. While PAD can affect arteries in different parts of the body, it often occurs in the legs. This plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances. It narrows the arteries and slows down blood circulation. Data on PAD in Singapore might not be complete, but it seems to bemost statistics show that the incidence is rising globallyeach year. Factors like an aging population and more cases of diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol in Singapore show that PAD is a serious issue. It's important to know what causes PAD. When people and healthcare workers understand these causes, they can act to lessen the effects of this condition on the population of Singapore. Differentiating Between Arterial and Venous Disorders Arterial and venous disorders both involve blood vessels and affect blood flow, but they are different. Knowing these differences helps in getting the right diagnosis and treatment. Arterial diseases, like PAD, happen when plaque builds up inside the walls of the arteries. This buildup blocks blood flow from the heart to other parts of the body. The blockage can cause different symptoms and complications based on which artery is affected. Venous disorders, however, deal with veins. These are the blood vessels that return blood to the heart. Common examples of venous disorders include varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis. These conditions often lead to leg swelling, pain, and changes in skin color. Because arterial and venous disorders work in different ways, they need different ways to be diagnosed and treated. Understanding these differences helps ensure the right medical care is given, leading to better outcomes for patients with both types of conditions. Causes and Risk Factors Unique to the Singaporean Population Many factors can lead to arterial vein diseases, but some risk factors are more common in Singapore. Poor lifestyle choices, like eating many processed foods and not being active, play a big role in its development. Also, Singapore has an aging population, and diseases like diabetes and high cholesterol are becoming more common. These factors are important in understanding why vascular disease is rising. It is vital to recognize these specific risk factors to create better prevention and care plans for Singapore. Genetic Predispositions and Lifestyle Factors Genetic factors and lifestyle choices are linked risk factors that greatly affect arterial vein disease. When there is a family history of vascular disease, the chance of getting PAD increases, showing that genes play a role. At the same time, lifestyle choices are also very important. Bad habits, like smoking, can raise the risk of PAD a lot. Smoking can harm the inner lining of arteries, making it easier for plaque to build up. High blood pressure and high cholesterol also contribute to the issue. Choosing a healthy lifestyle can help. Regular exercise, a balanced diet that is low in saturated and trans fats, and managing stress can greatly reduce genetic risks and lower the chance of developing PAD. Environmental and Dietary Influences in Singapore Genetics can affect a person’s chance of getting arterial vein disease. However, what we eat and our surroundings in Singapore are also very important. The fast growth of cities and the shift to a more Western-stylea diet high in processed food, make the risk factors for PAD more common in Singapore. Eating a lot of saturated and trans fats from processed foods can lead to plaque build-up in the arteries. Moreover, things like air pollution can increase stress and inflammation in the body, making PAD worse. To fight against these problems, public health programs should focus on lifestyle changes. These changes should promote a healthy diet and encourage reducing pollutionregular exercise. This is very important to help lower the cases of arterial vein disease in Singapore. Symptoms and Early Signs of Arterial Vein Disease Early detection of arterial vein disease is very important for managing it well and getting better results. Noticing the early signs and getting medical help fast can stop the disease from getting worse. Some common early signs of PAD are leg pain or cramping during physical activity, which usually goes away with rest. But, as the disease gets worse, pain may not go away, even when resting. This can show there is big blockage in the arteries. Other signs to watch for are numbness, weakness, coldness in the legs or feet, slow-healing sores, and changes in the color of the skin. Recognizing the Initial Symptoms One of the first signs of arterial vein disease is called intermittent claudication. This means that a person may feel pain, cramping, or discomfort in their legs. This usually happens during physical activity and goes away when they rest. The pain is due to poor blood flow to the leg muscles. As peripheral artery disease (PAD) gets worse, the leg pain can happen more often or even all the time, including when resting. People may also feel numbness or weakness in their legs and feet. This feeling is caused by a lower blood supply to the nerves in those areas. Anyone who has these symptoms, especially those at high risk, should see a healthcare professional right away. Noticing these early signs is very important. It can help slow down the disease's progress and avoid complications. When to Seek Medical Attention Sometimes, leg pain is not a sign of something serious. However, it is very important to see a doctor if the pain keeps coming back or gets worse. Finding artery vein disease early helps with better care and can stop major problems later. In serious cases of PAD, people can feel pain even when at rest. This means that blood flow is very low. If you see symptoms like sores that won’t heal, changes in the color of your legs or feet, or if your arms or legs suddenly feel weak, you should get medical help right away. Getting diagnosed early allows for treatment that can avoid complications like amputation later on. Always remember that visiting a doctor when you first have symptoms is a good idea. This way, you can take the right steps to get better and make sure you have good results in the long run. Diagnosis and Treatments Available in Singapore To find out if someone has arterial vein disease, doctors use a mix of physical exams and special tests. They look at the person's medical history, check symptoms, and perform a physical exam to see how well blood flows in the arms and legs. Doctors may also do more tests. These tests are often non-invasive. One example is the ankle-brachial index (ABI). It checks the blood pressure in the ankle and compares it with the arm. Imaging tests like ultrasound and CT scans can help show blood flow and find any blockages. Modern Diagnostic Tools and Their Availability Singapore boasts advanced medical facilities equipped with modern diagnostic tools for accurately detecting and assessing arterial vein disease. These tools aid in determining the location and severity of blockages, enabling healthcare providers to develop personalized treatment plans. A commonly employed diagnostic tool is the ankle-brachial index (ABI), a simple, non-invasive test that compares blood pressure in the ankle to that in the arm, helping determine the degree of arterial narrowing. Further imaging tests, such as Ultrasound, CT scans, and Angiography, provide a detailed visualization of the blood vessels, enabling accurate diagnosis and assessment of PAD progression. Diagnostic ToolDescriptionAnkle-Brachial Index (ABI)A non-invasive test that compares blood pressure in the ankle to that in the arm, revealing the severity of arterial narrowing. UltrasoundUtilizes sound waves to create images of the arteries, enabling visualization of blood flow and identification of blockages. CT ScanEmploys X-rays to produce detailed cross-sectional images of the blood vessels, helping assess the extent of plaque buildup. AngiographyInvolves injecting a contrast dye into the arteries and taking X-ray images, providing a clear visualization of blood flow and any obstructions. Treatment Options: From Conservative to Surgical Interventions Treatment for arterial vein disease depends on how serious the condition is. At firstFirstly, treatment usually includes changes in lifestyle. This means quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, managing your weight, and getting regular physical activity. These changes can greatly help blood flow and relieve symptoms. If making these lifestyle changes isn't enough, doctors may prescribe medications. These are used to manage issues like high blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes. The right meds can help control these factors and slow down the progression of PAD. For those with more serious PAD, doctors may suggest minimally invasive procedures. Angioplasty uses a balloon-tipped catheter to widen the narrowed artery. Stenting involves placing a small mesh tube to keep the artery open and improve blood flow. In severe cases, surgery like bypass surgery may be needed. This creates a route around the blocked artery, restoring blood flow to the affected limb. In summary, knowing about Arterial Vein Disease Singapore is important for finding and treating it early. If you see symptoms, get medical help quickly. Also, think about making lifestyle changes to help manage this condition. Singapore offers modern diagnostic tools and many treatment choices. These resources can help you deal with arterial vein disease fully. Keep yourself updated, focus on your vascular health, and talk to healthcare experts for custom advice. If you have worries or need help, connect with support groups in Singapore for extra assistance. Stay active in taking care of your health and well-being. {"@context":"https://schema. org","@type":"FAQPage","@id":"https://www. sgvascularctr. com/understanding-arterial-vein-disease-in-singapore/","mainEntity":} What lifestyle changes can help manage arterial vein disease? Living a healthy lifestyle can really help manage arterial vein disease. This means you should exercise regularly, stop smoking, eat a balanced diet that is low in saturated and trans fats, and use good stress management methods. All these steps can make a big difference into your health. Can arterial vein disease... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: abdominal aortic aneurysm singapore, Aortic aneurysm, Aortic aneurysm back pain Singapore, Aortic aneurysm causes Singapore, Aortic aneurysm CT scan Singapore, Aortic aneurysm diagnosis Singapore, Aortic aneurysm imaging Singapore, Aortic aneurysm prevention Singapore, Aortic aneurysm recovery Singapore, Aortic aneurysm risk factors Singapore, Aortic aneurysm rupture signs Singapore, Aortic aneurysm screening Singapore, Aortic aneurysm Singapore, Aortic aneurysm symptoms Singapore, aortic aneurysm treatment singapore, Aortic aneurysm ultrasound Singapore, Endovascular aneurysm repair Singapore, EVAR Singapore, Open surgical repair aortic aneurysm Singapore, Pulsating abdominal mass Singapore, Thoracic aortic aneurysm Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights An aortic aneurysm is a bulge in the aorta, which is the main artery that carries blood from the heart. This condition usually does not have symptoms, but it can be very serious if the aneurysm bursts (ruptures). Risk factors for this include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and a family history of the condition. Finding it early is very important, and this can be done through tests like ultrasounds and CT scans. Treatment can involve lifestyle changes, medication, or surgery. The aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Sometimes, it can form a bulge or a weak area called an aortic aneurysm. In the beginning, this condition usually doesn’t have any symptoms. However, it can be very dangerous because it might burst. If this happens, it can disturb the blood flow and cause serious internal bleeding that could threaten your life. What is an Aortic Aneurysm? An aortic aneurysm is a bulge that looks like a balloon. This happens in a weak spot of the aorta, which is the largest blood vessel in the body. As blood flows through the aorta, it builds pressure in the weak area. This pressure makes the area balloon outwards. Aneurysms can happen in different parts of the aorta. At first, they don’t show noticeable symptoms, so many people don’t realize they have one. If these bulges are not treated, they can get bigger. This increases the risk of rupture. A rupture can cause massive internal bleeding, which is a medical emergency. It needs immediate intervention. Finding and treating aortic aneurysms early is very important. This can help stop serious problems from a ruptured aneurysm. Defining Aortic Aneurysm in the Singapore Context In Singapore, aortic aneurysms are a big health issue, just like in many other places. This condition happens when the walls of the aorta get weak and bulge out. Often, this occurs without any early signs. There are two main types of aortic aneurysms: abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). AAAs occur in the lower part of the aorta, while TAAs are found in the upper part. AAAs are more common than TAAs. Several factors can lead to this problem in Singapore. These include genetics, unhealthy lifestyle choices, and the environment. To prevent and manage aortic aneurysms, it is important to raise awareness, go for regular health check-ups, and live a healthy lifestyle. The Different Types of Aortic Aneurysms Aortic aneurysms are named by where they are in the aorta. The aorta looks like acandy cane and has several parts: the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, and the descending aorta. The descending aorta goes down into the belly and is known as the abdominal aorta. An aneurysm can happen in any of these parts. If there is an aneurysm in the ascending aorta, we call it an ascending aortic aneurysm. If it is in the aortic arch, we name it an aortic arch aneurysm. The most common kind is the abdominal aortic aneurysm, which happens in the abdominal aorta. Each type has different signs and risks based on where it is and how big it gets. Knowing these details is important for diagnosing, treating, and managing the condition. Identifying the Symptoms Aortic aneurysms usually grow slowly and don't show clear symptoms in the beginning. Because of this, regular screenings and check-ups are very important, especially for those with risk factors. But as the aneurysm gets bigger, it can start pushing on nearby organs or nerves. This can cause different symptoms based on where the aneurysm is and how large it is. Early Warning Signs of an Aortic Aneurysm A growing aortic aneurysm may not show any symptoms at first, but it can appear in some ways. One of the most common signs is ongoing or pulsating pain. This pain is usually felt in the back, abdomen, or chest, based on where the aneurysm is located. Other possible symptoms can be trouble breathing, difficulty swallowing, a scratchy voice, or a cough that doesn't go away. Sometimes, people might feel back pain or stomach pain that gets worse when lying down. These signs can also mean other health issues, which can delay finding out about an aortic aneurysm. That's why it's important to see a doctor if you notice any of these symptoms, especially if you have risk factors for this condition. When Symptoms Signal an Emergency Some symptoms can be mild, but others can mean a medical emergency. This may show a potential rupture of the aneurysm. Sudden, intense, and tearing pain in the back, chest, or abdomen is a major warning sign. This severe pain may come with a fast heart rate, dizziness, nausea, clammy skin, and a weak pulse. A ruptured aortic aneurysm is very serious. It needs immediate medical attention. Knowing these warning signs and getting prompt treatment can be the difference between life and death. Quick action through emergency medical services is crucial in this situation. Exploring the Causes and Risk Factors The reasons that lead to aortic aneurysms are varied. They usually come from a mix of genes, lifestyle habits, and things around us. In some cases, the exact cause might not be clear. However, some factors can greatly raise the chance of getting this condition. Genetic Factors and Lifestyle Choices The development of aortic aneurysms can be affected by genetics or lifestyle choices. Having a family history can raise the risk if someone close has had an aortic aneurysm. Some genetic conditions, like Marfan syndrome, can also weaken connective tissues, making it easier to develop an aneurysm. Lifestyle choices play a big part. For example, smoking can harm the artery walls, making them more likely to form an aneurysm. High blood pressure also adds extra pressure to the aorta, raising the risk even more. It is very important to lead a healthy lifestyle. Quitting smoking and managing blood pressure can help reduce the risk. Environmental and Healthcare Influences in Singapore In Singapore, the healthcare system works hard to find and manage chronic diseases early. This includes issues like high blood pressure and high cholesterol, which are important to prevent aortic aneurysms. However, stress is common in this fast-paced environment and can lead to high blood pressure if not controlled well. Singapore promotes heart health through regular checkups and screenings. These efforts are important to catch aortic aneurysms early. This improves the chances of successful treatment and helps avoid life-threatening complications. Additionally, people in Singapore have access to advanced healthcare facilities and specialized vascular surgeons. This ensures they receive the best care and management if they are diagnosed with this condition. Diagnostic Approaches in Singapore Diagnosing aortic aneurysms in Singapore takes a thorough approach with various medical tests and imaging methods. Doctors usually start by reviewing the patient's medical history. They look at any risk factors and current symptoms. Initial Screening and Tests The first step in finding an aortic aneurysm usually includes a physical examination. During this exam, the doctor listens to the heart and checks the abdomen for any pulsating areas. They will also check for high blood pressure since it is a risk factor. If the doctor thinks an aneurysm may be present, more tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis and see how serious it is. Imaging tests are important for confirming the diagnosis. They help determine the size and location of the aneurysm. An ultrasound scan is often used first. It can clearly show the aorta and find any unusual bulges. Besides ultrasounds, a CT scan offers a detailed image of the aorta. This allows for precise measurements of the aneurysm and shows how it might affect nearby structures. Advanced Imaging Techniques Used Locally In Singapore, healthcare uses advanced imaging techniques along with basic tests to fully check aortic aneurysms. A CT angiogram (aortogram) is the gold-standard test to check the blood flow in the aorta and find any narrowing or blockages. This is a simple procedure where a contrast dye is put into the bloodstream. This helps to see the blood vessels clearly with X-ray imaging. These advanced techniques help doctors decide the best treatment plan based on the aneurysm's details. Treatment Options Available in Singapore Treatment choices for aortic aneurysms in Singapore rely on different factors. These include the size of the aneurysm, its location, how fast it is growing, and the overall health of the patient. Non-surgical Management Strategies For small aneurysms that are low risk, doctors often suggest a 'watch and wait' plan. This means making changes in daily life and keeping blood pressure under control. Regular imaging tests are done to keep an eye on the aneurysm's size and make sure it stays the same. Patients should work on lifestyle changes like stopping smoking, staying at a healthy weight, and exercising regularly. These actions can help slow down the growth of the aneurysm. Managing blood pressure well with medicine and healthy habits is important. This helps reduce stress on the aorta and lowers the chance of the aneurysm getting bigger. This careful method aims to lower risk factors. It can help prevent or delay the need for surgery. Surgical Interventions and Innovations When aortic aneurysms are large, growing quickly, or can burst soon, surgery is needed. There are two main types of surgery in Singapore: open surgery and endovascular surgery. Open surgery means making a cut in the abdomen or chest to reach the aorta. The weak part is then replaced with a synthetic graft. This method is effective, but it needs a longer recovery time. In contrast, endovascular surgery is less invasive. A doctor inserts a catheter through an artery in the groin and guides it to the aneurysm. A stent graft is then placed to support the weak area of the aorta. Endovascular surgery usually requires a shorter hospital stay and has a quicker recovery time. This makes it a better choice for many patients. In conclusion, it is important to understand aortic aneurysms to find them early and manage them well. When people recognize the symptoms and risk factors, they can take action to reduce their chances of getting this serious condition. In Singapore, new testing and treatment options, both surgical and non-surgical, are available to help with aortic aneurysms. Regular screenings and positive lifestyle changes can greatly lower the risk of having an aortic aneurysm. Stay informed and proactive about your heart health. If you have questions or worries, talk to a healthcare professional for advice tailored to you. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: abdominal aortic aneurysm singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights An abdominal aortic aneurysm Singapore (AAA) is a bulge in the aorta, which is the main blood vessel that goes from the heart through the chest and abdomen. AAAs often grow slowly over time. They usually do not show any symptoms, so they can be hard to find without regular check-ups. Finding an AAA early is very important to avoid serious problems like a rupture. Singapore has advanced diagnosis and treatment options for AAA, including surgical and non-surgical choices. Keeping a healthy lifestyle is important for lowering your risk of having an AAA. Understanding health can be tough, especially with conditions like abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This beginner's guide will explain AAA, focusing on Singapore's healthcare system. We want to help you learn about this condition, the risk factors, and why early detection and treatment are important. Understanding Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is when the wall of the aorta in the belly weakens. The aorta is the largest blood vessel in our body. If AAA is not treated, it can cause a rupture. This can lead to serious problems like internal bleeding. To diagnose AAA, doctors often use imaging tests such as a CT scan or ultrasound. These tests help see the size and condition of the aneurysm. Treatment options can include watching the aneurysm closely or doing surgery. This can be open surgery or using a method called endovascular stent grafting. What Is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm? An aortic aneurysm happens when a part of the aorta, which is the largest artery in the body, gets weak and starts to bulge out. When this bulge occurs in the section of the aorta in the abdomen, it is called an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The abdominal aorta carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the organs in the abdomen and the lower body. Over time, problems like high blood pressure and smoking can weaken the walls of the aorta. This makes it easier for an aortic aneurysm to develop. As the aneurysm gets bigger, the risk of rupture also rises. A ruptured AAA is very serious and needs urgent care from a medical professional. Importance of Recognizing AAA Symptoms Finding an AAA early is very important. It often grows slowly and may not show clear symptoms until it is large or bursts. Being aware of the hidden warning signs can help prevent serious health issues. Common symptoms include a throbbing feeling in the belly, constant back pain, and trouble breathing. Some people could feel sudden and intense pain in their back or belly if the aneurysm bursts. If you have any of these symptoms, you should get medical help right away. Fast diagnosis and treatment can lower the risk of rupture and lead to better health results. Risk Factors and Causes in Singapore Knowing the factors that lead to an AAA is key for prevention and early testing. These risk factors usually result from a mix of genetics and lifestyle choices. This part will look at the common risk factors as well as those that are specific to Singapore. This will give us a complete view of what affects the development of AAA. Common Risk Factors for AAA Some risk factors can greatly raise your chance of getting an AAA. Some of these factors can be changed, meaning you can work on lowering your risk. Others cannot be changed. Common risk factors for an AAA include: Age: Your risk increases as you get older, especially after 65. Tobacco use: Smoking is a big risk factor for AAA. High blood pressure: If high blood pressure is uncontrolled, it can create more stress on the aortic walls. Family history: Having a close relative with an AAA can raise your risk. It's very important to talk about your risk factors with your healthcare provider. This is especially true if you have a family history or any other factors that contribute to the risk. Specific Triggers and Causes in Singapore The common risk factors for leading to the development of an AAA are seen around the world. However, lifestyle choices and genetic factors in Singapore may cause more cases. For example, eating a lot of salt tobacco smoking and poorly controlled hypertension is linked to a higher risk of an AAA rupture. Genetics also matter. Some play a role and patients with connective tissue disorders or a family history of AAA ethnic groups in Singapore may be more likely to develop this condition. Additionally, improvements in healthcare and longer life spans in Singapore might lead to more age-related issues like an AAA in Singapore. Knowing these specific risk factors can help plan better prevention methods for local people. The Beginner's Guide to Identifying AAA It can be hard to notice the signs of an AAA because there are often no obvious symptoms until the AAA ruptures. However, knowing the possible signs risk factors and getting screening for an AAA is really important for to catching it early. This is especially true for people who might be at a higher risk. Staying aware of your health and telling adiscussing risk factor optimization with a doctor about any strange feelings right away can help improve your chances of a better outcome. Key Symptoms to Watch For Abdominal aortic aneurysms, or AAAs, often grow without any signs, so many people do not realize they have the condition until it breaksruptures. When symptoms do show up, they should be taken seriously. Key symptoms of an AAA include: A pulsing pulsating feeling near the belly button Severe pain in the belly or back Nausea and vomiting Sudden giddiness with Cclammy skin It is important to know that these symptoms can also mean other health problems. So, it is crucial to see a doctor for a correct diagnosis. When to Consult a Healthcare Professional If you have symptoms of a ruptured AAA, it is very important to get medical help right away. Do not wait to call emergency services if you feel sudden and severe pain in your abdomen or back. Even if you don't have bad symptoms, you should think about regular checkups if you have risk factors. These include a family history of AAAs, smoking, or high blood pressure. At your checkup, your doctor will do a physical examination. They will also look at your medical history and may suggest more tests to check your condition in detail. Step-by-Step Guide to Diagnosing AAA Diagnosing AAA requires several steps to make sure we know if the condition is there and how serious it is. This process usually starts with a visit to a healthcare professional. They will choose the best tests to check for an AAA. Getting a quick and correct diagnosis is very important. It helps to guide the choices for treatment and stop any issues from happening. Step 1: Initial Consultation and Evaluation During your first appointment, your doctor will talk to you about your medical history. This includes any past health issues you have or any family history of AAA. Be ready to share details about your habits, like smoking or drinking. These can play a role in developing AAA. Aside from your medical history, your doctor will ask about any symptoms you may have. Giving clear and detailed information about when your symptoms started, how long they last, and what they feel like will help the doctor understand your situation better. With your medical history, risk factors, and symptoms in mind, your doctor will decide what tests to give order for you. These tests will help confirm or rule out if you have an AAA. Step 2: Diagnostic Tests and Imaging Diagnosing an AAA typically involves imaging tests to visualize the aorta and assess its condition. These tests help determine the size, location, and characteristics of the aneurysm. Common diagnostic tests include: TestDescriptionUltrasound ScanUses sound waves to create images of the aorta and assess blood flow. It is a painless and non-invasive procedure. CT ScanProvides detailed cross-sectional images of the aorta, allowing for precise measurement of the aneurysm. Based on the results of these tests, your healthcare provider can determine the most effective treatment strategy. Step 3: Understanding Your Diagnosis Once your diagnostic tests are done, your healthcare provider will talk to you about the results. They will explain if an aneurysm is there, where it is located, its size, and if it is a serious risk. Knowing your diagnosis is important. It helps you make informed choices about your treatment options. Your healthcare provider will share the different treatment paths you can take and will discuss their risks and benefits. This part shows how important it is to have clear communication with your healthcare team. It allows you to take part in decisions about your health and well-being. Treatment Options Available in Singapore Singapore has a strong first-class, world renowned healthcare system. It provides different treatment options for AAA. These include conservative management, minimally invasive procedures, and open surgery. The treatment choice depends on the size and location of the aneurysm. Besides having various treatment options, Singapore has skilled medical professionals. The advanced medical technology there here also helps provide complete comprehensive, holistic care for people with an AAA. Overview of Non-Surgical and Surgical Treatments Treatment options for an AAA vary by factors like the size and location of the aneurysm, your health, and whether you have symptoms. Small and stable aneurysms may just need regular check-ups and changes in lifestyle. Larger aneurysms or those that could rupture often need more treatment. Endovascular stent grafting is a less invasive method. It involves placing a stent-graft through an artery in the groin to reach the aneurysm. This strengthens the weak aortic wall and helps lower the risk of rupture. For large or complicated aneurysms, open surgery might be the better choice. This requires making a cut in the abdomen to repair the aneurysm with a synthetic graft. Recovery from open surgery usually takes longer than from endovascular repair. Innovations in AAA Repair and Recovery Singapore is a leader in medical innovationcare. The country continuously works to improve aortic repair techniques and recovery results. Minimally invasive methods, like endovascular aortic repair, help patients recover faster. This allows them to get back to their daily activities sooner. Hospitals like Mount Elizabeth are well-known worldwide for their skill in heart care and use the latest technology for aortic repair. These improvements greatly enhance patient comfort and shorten hospital stays. (Is there a reason why we specifically mention Mount Elizabeth hospital? ) Research and development efforts in Singapore's healthcare system make sure that those needing aortic repair can access the best and most advanced care available. In conclusion, it is important to understand the symptoms and risk factors of abdominal aortic aneurysm singapore (AAA) for early detection and treatment. Singapore has advanced tests and treatment options for AAA. If you notice any symptoms or think you are in a high-risk group, see a healthcare professional as soon as possible. By recognizing the signs of AAA and getting the right medical care, you can manage this condition and improve your health. Stay informed and focus on your health. Take steps to diagnose and treat AAA early. Remember, acting quickly can greatly impact your well-being. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Augmented reality vein treatment Singapore, CLaCS benefits Singapore, CLaCS for spider veins Singapore, CLaCS for varicose veins Singapore, CLaCS side effects Singapore, Clacs Singapore, CLACS specialist Singapore, CLACS treatment Singapore, CLaCS vein treatment Singapore, Cryo laser therapy Singapore, Cryo sclerotherapy Singapore, Cryo-laser cryo-sclerotherapy Singapore, Leg vein removal Singapore, Minimally invasive vein treatment Singapore, Non-surgical vein therapy Singapore, Telangiectasia treatment Singapore, Vascular specialist Singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore, Vein doctor Singapore, Vein treatment options Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional CLaCS (Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy) is a cutting-edge treatment for varicose veins and spider veins in Singapore. This procedure is minimally invasive. It uses cold air, transdermal laser, and injection sclerotherapy to improve results. CLaCS Singapore effectively targets the affected blood vessels, which helps reduce discomfort and downtime. The Vascular & Interventional Centre (VIC) at Novena Specialist Centre is one of the top places to find CLaCS in Singapore. VIC is known for its skilled vascular surgeons and focus on making patients comfortable. Introduction Singapore is famous for its smart medical advancements. One of these is CLaCS, a new treatment for varicose veins. This procedure helps with the pain and appearance issues caused by this common problem. If you want a good solution for varicose veins, knowing about CLaCS and its benefits can help you make smart choices about your vascular health. Understanding CLaCS: A Revolutionary Approach to Varicose Veins CLaCS (Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy) is a less invasive treatment for varicose veins. This condition happens when the valves in the blood vessels of the legs do not work properly. Normally, these valves help blood flow in one direction back to the heart. When they do not function well, blood can flow the wrong way and collectpools in the leg veins, causing the veins to appear larger, twisted, and visible under the skin. CLaCS stands out because it uses a special mix of transdermal laser therapy and injection sclerotherapy, along with cold air to achieve optimal cosmetic results. This method targets the affected veins accurately while keeping patients comfortable during the procedure. Unlike regular treatments, CLaCS reduces discomfort, bruising, and recovery time. This makes it a good option for people who want to get back to their daily activities quickly. The Science Behind CLaCS Technology CLaCS uses cold air to improve the treatment while keeping patients comfortable. The cold air tightens the targeted blood vessels. This makes the veins ready for the following subsequent treatments. As a result, the procedure becomes more accurate and effective. Injection sclerotherapy includes injecting a special solution, known as a chemical sclerosant, into the affected veins. This solution irritates the vein lining. This leads the vein to collapse and fade away as the body absorbs it naturally. The transdermal laser part of CLaCS sends laser energy to the affected veins. This helps to close them off even moreseal them tightly. Using these treatments together effectively treats varicose veins and shows great results. Why CLaCS Stands Out in Singapore's Medical Landscape Singapore is a top spot for medical technology. It offers new treatments like CLaCS, which focus on how well they work and care for patientscan achieve better cosmetic results. The Vascular & Interventional Centre (VIC) at Novena Specialist Centre provides this cutting-edge treatment. VIC is known for its skilled vascular surgeons and its focus on patient comfort. They create treatment plans just for you, based on your individual needs and worries. When you choose VIC for your CLaCS treatment, you pick a place that uses the newest technologies and the best methods. They work hard to make sure you have a good experience and the best results for your vascular health. Preparing for Your CLaCS Treatment in Singapore Preparing for a medical procedure is important, and CLaCS is the same. Knowing the steps and what to expect can help you feel ready. Before your treatment at a well-regarded clinic like VIC, you will be shown how to prepare. This might mean changing some habits, stopping certain medications for a while, or wearing compression stockings. These actions help your body handle the procedure better and reduce possible risks. This way, you can recover more easily. Steps to Take Before Your CLaCS Procedure Before your CLaCS procedure, your vascular surgeon will give you specific instructions. These instructions will depend on your health history and how serious your varicose veins are. This advice makes sure the procedure fits your needs and gets the best results. Here are some steps you can expect: Consultation and Assessment: Your process starts with a full consultation with your vascular surgeon. They will look over your medical history, check the affected veins, and see if you are a good fit for CLaCS. Medication Review: Tell your surgeon about any medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking. They may suggest changes to avoid any interactions, especially with blood-thinning medicines. Compression Stockings: Your surgeon might suggest wearing compression stockings both before and after the procedure. These stockings help improve blood flow, lessen swelling, and support the treated veins while you recover. What to Expect During the Consultation Process During your first meeting, the vascular surgeon will talk with you in detail to understand your concerns. They will check your medical history and ask about any symptoms you've had. They will also look at your varicose veins closely. They may use an ultrasound to create a map of your veins. This map helps in making the treatment plan for the CLaCS procedure. It also helps you see the condition's extent and the specific areas being treated. Feel free to ask any questions about CLaCS. You can ask about how the procedure works, the recovery time, and how it might affect your daily activities. This meeting is a team effort, helping you feel informed and confident about your choice to have CLaCS. Conclusion Innovative CLaCS treatments provide a new way to treat varicose veins. They mix the latest technology with care focused on you. The knowledge behind CLaCS shows it is better than other options in Singapore. Before your treatment, it's good to learn about the steps and for a consultation. Choosing CLaCS instead of traditional methods means you feel less discomfort and recover faster. The procedure doesn’t take much time, and it works well for most types of varicose veins. Try the advanced CLaCS solution for varicose veins in Singapore for the best results. Book a consultation today for personalized CLaCS treatment. {"@context":"https://schema. org","@type":"FAQPage","@id":"https://www. sgvascularctr. com/innovative-clacs-singapore-treatments/","mainEntity":} What Are the Benefits of Choosing CLaCS Over Traditional Treatments? CLaCS Singapore is better than regular treatments for spider veins. It makes the process more comfortable and helps you recover faster. CLaCS works by focusing on blood vessels and helping close faulty valves. This method gives lasting results and causes very little discomfort. How Long Does a Typical CLaCS Procedure Take? In Singapore, treating varicose veins with the CLaCS procedure usually takes about 30 to 60 minutes. This depends on how many veins are affected. This time lets doctors provide careful and accurate treatment to the problem areas. Is CLaCS Treatment Painful? CLaCS treatment is usually easy for people to handle. Cold air is used during the procedure to numb the area and reduce discomfort. Patients might feel a small tingling or pricking sensation. However, any discomfort is typically minor and goes away quickly. Can CLaCS Treat All Types of Varicose Veins? CLaCS works well for many kinds of varicose veins, including spider veins, which are the milder form. However, if you have severe varicose veins, a vascular surgeon should decide if this treatment is right for you after carefully checking your condition. What Is the Recovery Time After Undergoing CLaCS? The recovery time after CLaCS is usually short. Patients can often return to their daily activities right away. However, they might need to avoid hard strenuous activities for a little while. Wearing compression stockings as suggested can help support the leg veins and reduce swelling. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Best UFE clinic Singapore, Fibroid embolisation benefits Singapore, Fibroid minimally invasive treatment Singapore, Fibroid shrinkage UFE Singapore, Non-surgical fibroid treatment Singapore, Preserve uterus fibroid treatment Singapore, UAE Singapore, UFE fertility Singapore, UFE recovery Singapore, UFE side effects Singapore, UFE Singapore, Uterine artery embolization Singapore, Uterine fibroid causes Singapore, Uterine fibroid diagnosis Singapore, Uterine fibroid embolisation Singapore, Uterine fibroid risk factors Singapore, Uterine fibroid screening Singapore, Uterine fibroid symptoms Singapore, Uterine fibroids treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Uterine fibroids (UFE Singapore) are non-cancerous growths in the uterus. They often show up during a woman’s reproductive years. Common symptoms are heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, frequent urination, and discomfort. Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive procedure to treat fibroids. It helps avoid the need for open surgery. During UFE, doctors block the blood supply to the fibroids. This makes them shrink and helps relieve symptoms. Recovery from UFE is usually quicker than from traditional surgery. This means a faster return to daily activities. Introduction A uterine fibroid is a common issue for women that can be challenging in Singapore's healthcare system. These non-cancerous growths form in the uterus and can lead to various symptoms that affect daily life. It is important for women who have symptoms of uterine fibroids, like heavy menstrual bleeding or pelvic pain, to see a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment choices. Understanding Uterine Fibroids in Singapore Navigating the treatment for uterine fibroids in Singapore means knowing more about the condition and what options are available. This guide will help you understand uterine fibroids and how common they are. With this information, you can make better choices about your health. We will talk about symptoms, diagnosis, and look into Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE), which is a minimally invasive treatment option. This guide aims to empower women in Singapore. It helps you take charge of your journey with uterine fibroids and find the best care for your health. The Prevalence of Uterine Fibroids Among Singaporean Women Uterine fibroids are a major health issue for women in Singapore. By the time they reach age 35, about 50% of women might have had these non-cancerous growths. Fibroids are especially common during a woman's childbearing years, which is when hormonal changes happen during the menstrual cycle. The development of fibroids is strongly connected to the hormones estrogen and progesterone, which play a role in the menstrual cycle. As women get older, the levels of these hormones change, possibly leading to fibroid growth. Even though the exact cause of fibroids is not fully understood, the link to hormones shows the need for understanding and early detection. This is important for Singaporean women who are in their childbearing years. Getting prompt medical advice and treatment can help in managing symptoms and improve their quality of life. Symptoms and Diagnosis: Recognizing the Signs Early Recognizing the early signs of uterine fibroids is important for managing the condition well. Heavy periods, when there is a lot of bleeding, are often the first symptom that many notice. Women may find they soak through pads or tampons every hour for hours at a time. Besides heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain is another common sign. This pain can feel like a dull ache or sharp stabbing, depending on the size and location of the fibroids. Having these symptoms does not mean you definitely have uterine fibroids for sure. Still, any unusual changes in your menstrual cycle should get medical attention right away. Getting an early diagnosis can help you explore more treatment options and avoid possible issues later on. Comprehensive Guide to Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE) Uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE) is a simple procedure. It focuses on the blood supply to the fibroids, reducing their size. It is a good choice instead of open surgery, as it allows for a quicker recovery and less disturbance. UFE is especially useful for large fibroids that cause heavy menstrual bleeding or pelvic pain. The process works by blocking the uterine artery, which stops blood flow to the fibroids. This leads to smaller fibroids that the body can reabsorb latershrinkage of the fibroids. Having a successful UFE can reduce symptoms and keep the uterus healthy. What is UFE? A Closer Look at the Procedure Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a simple and less invasive treatment option for uterine fibroids. Instead of taking the fibroids out by surgery, UFE works by blocking their blood supply. This makes the fibroids get smaller. This focused method helps keep nearby tissue safe. In UFE, a vascular surgeon puts a thin tube, called a catheter, through a small cut in the groin or wrist. Using imaging help, the doctor guides the catheter to the uterine artery. Then, they inject small particles known as embolic agents through the catheter to block the blood vessels that feed the fibroids. By shutting off the blood supply, UFE starves the fibroids, which makes them shrink over time. The nearby uterine tissue gets normal blood flow and stays unaffected. This procedure usually lasts a few hours, and many patients can go home the same day. Preparing for UFE: Steps to Take Before the Procedure Preparing for Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) has a few important steps that help with the procedure and your health. Your healthcare provider will help you get ready. They will go over your complete medical history. Tell your doctor about any medications you take, any allergies you have, and any medical conditions you have had before. You will also need imaging tests like an MRI or ultrasound. These tests help check the size, number, and location of the fibroids. This information is important to understand how complex the procedure may be. Before UFE, your healthcare provider will give you special instructions about fasting and any changes in your medications. It is important to follow these instructions carefully to avoid any problems. You might also get medication to help you relax before the procedure. Life After UFE: Recovery and Expectations Recovery after UFE is usually quicker and less painful than regular surgery. Most women can return to their normal activities in about a week or two. Some may feel mild discomfort, cramping, or tiredness for a few days, but these side effects usually go away fast. In the weeks and months after UFE, you will see a slow improvement in symptoms like heavy bleeding and pressure symptoms. It's important to have regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider. These visits will help keep track of your healing and answer any questions you may have. Recovery Timeline: What to Expect Post-Procedure Understanding the recovery timeline after UFE can help you plan better. This minimally invasive procedure has shorter recovery times than traditional surgery. Right after the procedure, you will be watched for a few hours before going home to recover. It's normal to feel mild pain, cramping, or tiredness. You can use pain medication from your healthcare provider to manage these feelingsthis discomfort. Most women can go back to work and do light activities within a week. However, you should stay away from heavy lifting, intense exercise, or hard strenuous activities for about two weeks. Follow-up care is very important. Your doctor will set up appointments to track your recovery and address any issues. Managing Health Post-UFE: Follow-Up Care and Lifestyle Changes Maintaining good health after Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) often requires follow-up care and some lifestyle changes. Knowing this can help you stay well and stop fibroids from coming back. Regular checkups with your healthcare provider are key, especially in the first year after the procedure. These visits allow you to track your recovery, check symptom relief, and spot any problems early. Your doctor might recommend hormone therapy based on your age and hormone levels to help prevent future fibroid growth. Although UFE successfully treats existing fibroids, it's important to manage any risk factors. Keeping a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and eating a balanced diet can help keep hormone levels steady and lower the chance of fibroids returning. Treatment Alternatives and Complementary Therapies Apart from Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE), there are other treatments for uterine fibroids in Singapore. The best choice for you will depend on the size and location of the fibroids, your symptoms, and your health. Traditional methods include taking medications to control hormone levels and having surgery for bigger fibroids. You might also look into complementary therapies, like acupuncture or changing your diet. These can help manage symptoms and boost your overall well-being. Exploring Alternative Treatments: Beyond Conventional Medicine While many people use standard medical treatments for uterine fibroids, more are starting to look into alternative treatments and extra therapies. These methods take a whole-body approach. They not only target physical symptoms but also focus on emotions and mental health related to the condition. Alternative treatments like acupuncture and herbal medicine work to bring balance to the body and help it heal naturally. These treatments can help ease symptoms such as pain and discomfort. It’s important to talk to qualified professionals to ensure you get safe and effective care. Complementary therapies often work alongside standard medicine. These therapies can offer further support. Some examples are yoga, meditation, and changes in diet. Each can improve overall well-being and may help lessen the effects of medical conditions like uterine fibroids. The Role of Diet and Exercise in Managing Uterine Fibroids A balanced diet and regular exercise are not main treatments for uterine fibroids, but they can help manage this condition. These healthy lifestyle choices may not make fibroids smaller, but they can improve health and lessen symptoms, which can help improve your quality of life. Eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is important. It helps keep hormones in balance and manage weight. Both of these factors can affect the size of fibroids. Also, cutting back on processed foods, sugary drinks, and unhealthy fats can lead to better health. Getting regular exercise, even simple activities like walking, swimming, or cycling, can offer many benefits. These benefits include: Improved blood circulation. Weight management. Reduced inflammation. All these factors can help with managing fibroids and boost your overall health. {"@context":"https://schema. org","@type":"FAQPage","@id":"https://www. sgvascularctr. com/ufe-singapore-your-ultimate-guide-to-uterine-fibroids/","mainEntity":} What Are the Early Signs of Uterine Fibroids? Early signs of uterine fibroids can be heavy bleeding during your menstrual cycle, long periods of menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, or pressure in your lower abdomen. It is important to notice these signs early. Doing so can help with quick diagnosis and treatment of uterine fibroids. How Effective Is UFE Compared to Traditional Surgical Methods? UFE has a high success rate similar to traditional surgeries. However, it is a minimally invasive procedure. This allows for shorter recovery times. It also means a lower risk of complications. Patients can return to their daily activities more quickly. All these factors make it a very effective choice. Can Uterine Fibroids Affect Pregnancy and Fertility? Not all uterine fibroids affect fertility or pregnancy. However, some can cause risks. It is important to talk about your medical history and any risk factors with your healthcare provider. This is especially true if you want to get pregnant. Finding and managing any problems early is important for good results. Are There Any Long-Term Side Effects of UFE? UFE is mostly safe and has a low chance of causing long-term side effects. This procedure focuses on blocking blood flow only to the fibroids. This means that the surrounding tissues are protected. Many patients are happy with the results, and positive long-term outcomes help to show that it is safe. How Does Lifestyle Impact the Risk of Developing Uterine Fibroids? Genetics can affect your risk, but lifestyle choices also matter. How you live can change your hormone levels and blood flow, which may impact the chance of getting uterine fibroids. Keeping a healthy weight, working out regularly, and eating a balanced diet might help protect you. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: AAA risk reduction Singapore, AAA Singapore, AAA treatment options Singapore, Abdominal aneurysm follow-up Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm causes Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm CT scan Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm diagnosis Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm guide Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm risk factors Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening Singapore, abdominal aortic aneurysm singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm symptoms Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment Singapore, Abdominal aortic aneurysm ultrasound Singapore, Aortic aneurysm imaging Singapore, Aortic aneurysm prevention Singapore, Endovascular aneurysm repair Singapore, EVAR Singapore, Minimally invasive aneurysm repair Singapore, Open surgical repair abdominal aneurysm Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights An abdominal aortic aneurysm Singapore (AAA) is a bulge in the aorta, which is the main blood vessel that goes from the heart through the chest and abdomen. AAAs often grow slowly over time. They usually do not show any symptoms, so they can be hard to find without regular check-ups. Finding an AAA early is very important to avoid serious problems like a rupture. Singapore has advanced diagnosis and treatment options for AAA, including surgical and non-surgical choices. Keeping a healthy lifestyle is important for lowering your risk of having an AAA. Understanding health can be tough, especially with conditions like abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This beginner's guide will explain AAA, focusing on Singapore's healthcare system. We want to help you learn about this condition, the risk factors, and why early detection and treatment are important. Understanding Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is when the wall of the aorta in the belly weakens. The aorta is the largest blood vessel in our body. If AAA is not treated, it can cause a rupture. This can lead to serious problems like internal bleeding. To diagnose AAA, doctors often use imaging tests such as a CT scan or ultrasound. These tests help see the size and condition of the aneurysm. Treatment options can include watching the aneurysm closely or doing surgery. This can be open surgery or using a method called endovascular stent grafting. What Is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm? An aortic aneurysm happens when a part of the aorta, which is the largest artery in the body, gets weak and starts to bulge out. When this bulge occurs in the section of the aorta in the abdomen, it is called an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The abdominal aorta carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the organs in the abdomen and the lower body. Over time, problems like high blood pressure and smoking can weaken the walls of the aorta. This makes it easier for an aortic aneurysm to develop. As the aneurysm gets bigger, the risk of rupture also rises. A ruptured AAA is very serious and needs urgent care from a medical professional. Importance of Recognizing AAA Symptoms Finding an AAA early is very important. It often grows slowly and may not show clear symptoms until it is large or bursts. Being aware of the hidden warning signs can help prevent serious health issues. Common symptoms include a throbbing feeling in the belly, constant back pain, and trouble breathing. Some people could feel sudden and intense pain in their back or belly if the aneurysm bursts. If you have any of these symptoms, you should get medical help right away. Fast diagnosis and treatment can lower the risk of rupture and lead to better health results. Risk Factors and Causes in Singapore Knowing the factors that lead to an AAA is key for prevention and early testing. These risk factors usually result from a mix of genetics and lifestyle choices. This part will look at the common risk factors as well as those that are specific to Singapore. This will give us a complete view of what affects the development of AAA. Common Risk Factors for AAA Some risk factors can greatly raise your chance of getting an AAA. Some of these factors can be changed, meaning you can work on lowering your risk. Others cannot be changed. Common risk factors for an AAA include: Age: Your risk increases as you get older, especially after 65. Tobacco use: Smoking is a big risk factor for AAA. High blood pressure: If high blood pressure is uncontrolled, it can create more stress on the aortic walls. Family history: Having a close relative with an AAA can raise your risk. It's very important to talk about your risk factors with your healthcare provider. This is especially true if you have a family history or any other factors that contribute to the risk. Specific Triggers and Causes in Singapore The common risk factors for leading to the development of an AAA are seen around the world. However, lifestyle choices and genetic factors in Singapore may cause more cases. For example, eating a lot of salt tobacco smoking and poorly controlled hypertension is linked to a higher risk of an AAA rupture. Genetics also matter. Some play a role and patients with connective tissue disorders or a family history of AAA ethnic groups in Singapore may be more likely to develop this condition. Additionally, improvements in healthcare and longer life spans in Singapore might lead to more age-related issues like an AAA in Singapore. Knowing these specific risk factors can help plan better prevention methods for local people. The Beginner's Guide to Identifying AAA It can be hard to notice the signs of an AAA because there are often no obvious symptoms until the AAA ruptures. However, knowing the possible signs risk factors and getting screening for an AAA is really important for to catching it early. This is especially true for people who might be at a higher risk. Staying aware of your health and telling adiscussing risk factor optimization with a doctor about any strange feelings right away can help improve your chances of a better outcome. Key Symptoms to Watch For Abdominal aortic aneurysms, or AAAs, often grow without any signs, so many people do not realize they have the condition until it breaksruptures. When symptoms do show up, they should be taken seriously. Key symptoms of an AAA include: A pulsing pulsating feeling near the belly button Severe pain in the belly or back Nausea and vomiting Sudden giddiness with Cclammy skin It is important to know that these symptoms can also mean other health problems. So, it is crucial to see a doctor for a correct diagnosis. When to Consult a Healthcare Professional If you have symptoms of a ruptured AAA, it is very important to get medical help right away. Do not wait to call emergency services if you feel sudden and severe pain in your abdomen or back. Even if you don't have bad symptoms, you should think about regular checkups if you have risk factors. These include a family history of AAAs, smoking, or high blood pressure. At your checkup, your doctor will do a physical examination. They will also look at your medical history and may suggest more tests to check your condition in detail. Step-by-Step Guide to Diagnosing AAA Diagnosing AAA requires several steps to make sure we know if the condition is there and how serious it is. This process usually starts with a visit to a healthcare professional. They will choose the best tests to check for an AAA. Getting a quick and correct diagnosis is very important. It helps to guide the choices for treatment and stop any issues from happening. Step 1: Initial Consultation and Evaluation During your first appointment, your doctor will talk to you about your medical history. This includes any past health issues you have or any family history of AAA. Be ready to share details about your habits, like smoking or drinking. These can play a role in developing AAA. Aside from your medical history, your doctor will ask about any symptoms you may have. Giving clear and detailed information about when your symptoms started, how long they last, and what they feel like will help the doctor understand your situation better. With your medical history, risk factors, and symptoms in mind, your doctor will decide what tests to give order for you. These tests will help confirm or rule out if you have an AAA. Step 2: Diagnostic Tests and Imaging Diagnosing an AAA typically involves imaging tests to visualize the aorta and assess its condition. These tests help determine the size, location, and characteristics of the aneurysm. Common diagnostic tests include: TestDescriptionUltrasound ScanUses sound waves to create images of the aorta and assess blood flow. It is a painless and non-invasive procedure. CT ScanProvides detailed cross-sectional images of the aorta, allowing for precise measurement of the aneurysm. Based on the results of these tests, your healthcare provider can determine the most effective treatment strategy. Step 3: Understanding Your Diagnosis Once your diagnostic tests are done, your healthcare provider will talk to you about the results. They will explain if an aneurysm is there, where it is located, its size, and if it is a serious risk. Knowing your diagnosis is important. It helps you make informed choices about your treatment options. Your healthcare provider will share the different treatment paths you can take and will discuss their risks and benefits. This part shows how important it is to have clear communication with your healthcare team. It allows you to take part in decisions about your health and well-being. Treatment Options Available in Singapore Singapore has a strong first-class, world renowned healthcare system. It provides different treatment options for AAA. These include conservative management, minimally invasive procedures, and open surgery. The treatment choice depends on the size and location of the aneurysm. Besides having various treatment options, Singapore has skilled medical professionals. The advanced medical technology there here also helps provide complete comprehensive, holistic care for people with an AAA. Overview of Non-Surgical and Surgical Treatments Treatment options for an AAA vary by factors like the size and location of the aneurysm, your health, and whether you have symptoms. Small and stable aneurysms may just need regular check-ups and changes in lifestyle. Larger aneurysms or those that could rupture often need more treatment. Endovascular stent grafting is a less invasive method. It involves placing a stent-graft through an artery in the groin to reach the aneurysm. This strengthens the weak aortic wall and helps lower the risk of rupture. For large or complicated aneurysms, open surgery might be the better choice. This requires making a cut in the abdomen to repair the aneurysm with a synthetic graft. Recovery from open surgery usually takes longer than from endovascular repair. Innovations in AAA Repair and Recovery Singapore is a leader in medical innovationcare. The country continuously works to improve aortic repair techniques and recovery results. Minimally invasive methods, like endovascular aortic repair, help patients recover faster. This allows them to get back to their daily activities sooner. Hospitals like Mount Elizabeth are well-known worldwide for their skill in heart care and use the latest technology for aortic repair. These improvements greatly enhance patient comfort and shorten hospital stays. (Is there a reason why we specifically mention Mount Elizabeth hospital? ) Research and development efforts in Singapore's healthcare system make sure that those needing aortic repair can access the best and most advanced care available. In conclusion, it is important to understand the symptoms and risk factors of abdominal aortic aneurysm singapore (AAA) for early detection and treatment. Singapore has advanced tests and treatment options for AAA. If you notice any symptoms or think you are in a high-risk group, see a healthcare professional as soon as possible. By recognizing the signs of AAA and getting the right medical care, you can manage this condition and improve your health. Stay informed and focus on your health. Take steps to diagnose and treat AAA early. Remember, acting quickly can greatly impact your well-being. --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Clarivein Singapore, Cryo-laser therapy Singapore, Cryo-sclerotherapy Singapore, Mechanochemical ablation Singapore, Minimally invasive vein therapy Singapore, Non-surgical vein treatment Singapore, Radiofrequency ablation Singapore, sclerotherapy Singapore, Spider vein care Singapore, Spider vein causes Singapore, Spider vein consultation Singapore, Spider vein diagnosis Singapore, Spider vein removal Singapore, Spider vein symptoms Singapore, Spider vein therapy Singapore, Spider vein treatment, Spider vein treatment Singapore, Vascular clinic Singapore, Vein specialist Singapore, VenaBlock Singapore, Venseal glue closure Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Spider vein treatment options include simple procedures like laser therapy or changes in lifestyle. sSpider veins are small, twisted blood vessels that show up near the skin. They often appear on the legs and face. While they are generally not harmful, some people may worry about how they look. Treatment options include simple procedures like laser therapy or changes in lifestyle. It is important to talk with a qualified healthcare provider for a correct diagnosis and personalized treatment. Knowing the causes, symptoms, and treatment options helps people make better choices about treating spider veins. Spider veins are small, colorful lines, like red, blue, or purple webs, that you can see just below the skin. Many people have them. They are often confused with larger varicose veins, but spider veins are smaller and sit closer to the surface. This blog post will help you learn more about spider veins. You will find details about what causes them, common symptoms, and different treatment options you can choose from. Whether you are looking for yourself or someone you care about, this guide will help you understand how to manage spider veins better. The Basics of Spider Veins (Fake AI generated image. Looks like wrinkled skin. )  Spider veins, or telangiectasias, are enlarged blood vessels close to the surface of the skin. They form when small valves in these vessels don’t work correctly, leading to blood gathering and showing through the skin. In contrast to varicose veins, which are bigger and can stick out under the skin, spider veins are usually smaller and less raised. They can show up anywhere on the body, but you often see them on the legs and face. Defining Spider Veins and How They Differ from Varicose Veins Spider veins and varicose veins look similar, but they are different. Spider veins are tiny blood vessels near the skin's surface. They have a fine, web-like look. This happens because the valves in these superficial veins are weak. This causes small changes in blood flow. Varicose veins are larger veins that are deeper below the skin. They often look like twisted, bulging cords, especially in the legs. Just like spider veins, varicose veins happen because the valves do not work well. The pressure in these larger veins can make symptoms worse and lead to possible problems. Both spider and varicose veins can affect how you look. However, varicose veins can also cause pain, swelling, and discomfort. In serious cases, they might even cause ulcers or blood clots. Knowing the differences between these two is important for getting the right medical advice and help. Common Causes and Risk Factors in Singapore Many things can lead to the growth of spider veins. Genetics is important; people with a family history of these veins tend to have a higher chance of getting them. Hormonal changes, especially during pregnancy and menopause, are big causes. When estrogen levels change, they can make vein walls weaker. Also, standing or sitting for a long time, like in certain jobs, can affect blood flow from the legs. This can put more pressure on the leg veins. Being obese can make the issue worse since extra weight can strain the veins in your legs. Knowing these risk factors can help people take steps to prevent them and get treatment when needed. Recognizing the Symptoms of Spider Veins Spider veins usually look more like a cosmetic issue rather than a health one. They do not cause pain, but some people may feel embarrassed about how they look. It's important to notice the signs of spider veins. They often appear with web-like shapes. Their colors can be red, blue, or purple. Knowing these signs helps with early detection. While they are mostly harmless, being aware of any related symptoms can help with timely care. Visual Indicators and Physical Sensations The most common signs of spider veins are small, thread-like lines under the skin. These lines might look like spiderwebs or branches, and they are usually red, blue, or purple. Leg veins often get spider veins more than other areas. Spider veins usually don’t cause pain. However, some people may feel symptoms. These can include slight aching, burning, or throbbing in the area, especially after standing or sitting for a long time. Sometimes, you might also notice tingling or itching near the spider veins. If you feel any of these symptoms along with the visual signs, it's a good idea to talk to a healthcare professional about treatment options. When to Seek Medical Advice While spider veins are usually not harmful, it is important to tell them apart from more serious issues like varicose veins. If you feel any pain, swelling, or strange symptoms in the affected area, see a healthcare provider for a full check-up. Also, if you see quick changes in your spider veins, like becoming larger, changing color, or having new veins appear, it's important to get medical advice. When you go to your appointment, be ready to talk about your medical history. Mention any family history of vein problems. This information can help the healthcare provider make the right diagnosis and suggest the best treatment. Professional Diagnosis of Spider Veins Diagnosing spider veins often starts with a healthcare provider looking at them closely. This check helps find out how serious the issue is and if there are other reasons for it. Based on your medical history and how bad your spider veins are, the healthcare provider may suggest more tests. These tests can help understand your vein health better and shape your own treatment plan. Consulting a Specialist: What to Expect When you visit a specialist for spider veins, the first step usually involves a physical exam. The specialist will look closely at your veins. They will check their size, location, and any symptoms you might have. They may also ask about your medical history, including if anyone in your family has had vein problems. After the exam, the specialist may suggest more tests. These tests help to find any other problems or check the health of your veins. One common test is a duplex ultrasound. This is a safe way to usethat uses sound waves to see how blood flows in your veins. The specialist will also talk to you about different treatment options that fit your condition. They will go over the pros, cons, and expected results of each option. This will help you make good choices about your treatment plan. Lastly, it’s a good idea to check with your insurance provider about coverage for the procedures you may need. Advanced Diagnostic Tools and Techniques A visual exam is usually good enough to check for spider veins. However, in some cases, more tests may be needed. This is where better tools and techniques come in. One helpful tool is duplex ultrasound. It is a non-invasive method that uses sound waves. This creates clear pictures of blood vessels. It checks blood flow and finds any problems in the veins. This tool helps tell spider veins apart from other vein issues, like varicose veins. If the doctor thinks that deeper veins might be affected, they may suggest more tests like venography. Even though this isn’t used as often for spider veins, it involves putting a special dye into the veins. This lets doctors see the veins clearly using an X-ray. These advanced tests help doctors decide the best treatment for your specific situation. Comprehensive Treatment Options for Spider Veins There are many good treatment options for spider veins. These range from small procedures to changes in your lifestyle. The best treatment for you will depend on the size, location, and severity of your spider veins. Your overall health and what you want to achieve also matter. Your doctor will carefully check your condition. This will help them find the right treatment strategy just for you. It is important to talk openly with your doctor and have realistic expectations. This will help you get the best results from your treatment. Minimally Invasive Procedures Available in Singapore Minimally invasive treatments have changed how we handle spider veins. They provide effective solutions with little pain and fast recovery. One option for treatment is sclerotherapy. This is where a solution is injected into the affected vein. This causes the vein to collapse and fade away over time. Another popular option is laser therapy. This uses focused beams of light to heat and close the targeted veins. Different lasers may be used based on the size and location of the veins. Larger veins may need several sessions for the best results. For deeper or larger veins, a method called endovenous thermal ablation can be used. One common type is radiofrequency ablation. During this procedure, a catheter is put into the vein. It then delivers heat energy that seals the vein shut. These minimally invasive options are usually done with local anesthesia, which helps reduce discomfort and leads to a quicker recovery. Sclerotherapy: Process and Effectiveness Sclerotherapy stands as a highly effective treatment option for spider veins, particularly those on the legs. This minimally invasive procedure involves injecting a chemical solution directly into the affected blood vessels. The solution irritates the vein lining, causing it to collapse and fade gradually over time. FeatureDescriptionProcedureInjection of a sclerosing agent into the affected veinMechanismIrritates the vein lining, causing it to collapse and fadeEffectivenessHigh success rate for spider veins, especially on legsRecoveryMinimal downtime, usually requiring compression stockings for a few days to weeks Sclerotherapy boasts a high success rate in treating spider veins, delivering noticeable results within a few weeks of treatment. Typically, multiple treatment sessions spaced a few weeks apart are necessary to achieve optimal outcomes. Following the procedure, patients may experience mild side effects such as bruising, redness, or swelling at the injection site, which usually subside within a few days. Laser Treatments: How They Work and When They're Recommended Laser therapy is a good way to treat spider veins. It works well for small veins or veins on the face, which are sensitive. This treatment uses beams of light to heat the veins. This process makes the veins shrink and fade away. The laser gives off heat that damages the walls of the blood vessels but does not hurt the skin around them. Over time, the body gets rid of the treated veins, so they become less noticeable. Most people need several treatments, which are done a few weeks apart, to get the best results. After the treatment, the treated area may look red, swollen, or bruised, but this usually heals within a few days. While laser therapy is mostly safe, it may not be right for everyone. It is important to talk with a qualified dermatologist or plastic surgeon to see if it is a good option for you. Lifestyle Changes and Home Remedies Making lifestyle changes and using home remedies can help health problems related to your veins. This is not a replacement for seeing a doctor, but it can support the main treatment. These changes mainly work to improve blood flow and lessen the pressure on leg veins. Some easy changes, like doing regular exercise, keeping a healthy weight, and not standing or sitting for too long, can really help your veins. Also, some natural remedies may help reduce the symptoms of spider veins. They can improve vascular health and make these veins less noticeable. Preventative Measures and Natural Remedies Engaging in regular physical activity can help a lot. Even simple exercises like walking or cycling can improve blood flow and ease the pressure on leg veins. When you exercise, your muscles pump blood back to your heart by contracting. Also, keeping a healthy weight can take strain off your veins, making their job easier. You can also consider natural remedies like horse chestnut seed extract, butcher's broom, or grape seed extract. It's a good idea to talk to your healthcare provider before starting any of these to help strengthen the walls of capillaries and lessen inflammation. This may help with... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Laparoscopic varicocelectomy Singapore, Male infertility treatment Singapore, Microsurgical varicocelectomy Singapore, Scrotal swelling Singapore, Testicular pain treatment Singapore, Varicocele and fertility Singapore, Varicocele causes Singapore, varicocele clinic Singapore, Varicocele complications Singapore, Varicocele cost Singapore, Varicocele diagnosis Singapore, Varicocele embolization Singapore, varicocele management Singapore, Varicocele recovery Singapore, Varicocele recurrence Singapore, varicocele specialist Singapore, varicocele surgery Singapore, Varicocele symptoms Singapore, varicocele treatment singapore, Varicocelectomy Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Key Highlights Singapore has new ways to treat varicoceles, which can impact male fertility. Expert doctors use the latest diagnostic tools to get the right results. They provide different treatment options, including minor procedures and surgeries. Patients enjoy high success rates and quick recovery times from these treatments. Singapore's healthcare system focuses on patient care, making sure the experience is easy and pleasant. If you are looking for the best varicocele treatment Singapore is one of the top places to go. This article talks about varicoceles and the advanced treatment options you can find in Singapore. It also explains why many men choose this location for effective solutions to their condition. Understanding Varicoceles: A Comprehensive Overview Varicoceles is are a common health issue that affects men, especially when it comes to fertility. It happens when the veins in the scrotum, which help drain blood from the testicles, become enlarged. Some men with varicoceles may not feel any symptoms, but others might experience discomfort and have trouble with fertility. It is important to understand the causes, symptoms, and treatment options. This knowledge helps with early detection and better management. What is are Varicoceles and Its Prevalence in Singapore? Varicoceles is develop when the veins in the scrotum get larger. These veins, called the pampiniform plexus, help keep the right temperature for sperm production. When they enlarge, it can change blood flow and temperature regulation. This change can affect sperm quality and may lead to fertility issues. Many describe varicoceles as feeling like a "bag of worms. " It usually happensoccurs more commonly on the left side of the scrotum because of how blood drains in the body. While we do not have exact numbers for Singapore, studies show that many men around the world have this condition. This makes it an important issue for men's health. Knowing how varicoceles may impact sperm production shows why it is important to get medical help for the right diagnosis and treatment. Identifying the Causes and Symptoms of Varicoceles The exact reasons behind varicoceles are not completely clear. However, one main idea factor is that faulty valves in the veins, which should stop blood from flowing backward, are play an important role. When these valves don't work, blood can build up in the veins and cause them to get bigger. Varicocele symptoms can vary. Some men may have no symptoms at all, while others may feel a dull ache or heaviness in the scrotum, especially after standing for a long time or when being active. Sometimes, the first sign can be a noticeable lump in the scrotum. It’s important to understand that some men may not feel any pain. Yet, if varicoceles is are left untreated, it might lead to testicular atrophy (shrinkage) or affect the development of the testicles, especially during puberty. Diagnosing Varicoceles: Methods and Importance Accurate diagnosis is very important for finding out if someone has varicoceles and how serious it is. This information helps in choosing the right treatment. Diagnosing varicoceles usually starts with a detailed review of the patient’s medical history and a thorough physical examination. Doctors use different methods to diagnose varicoceles properly. These methods help healthcare professionals learn about the condition's extent. They can then suggest the best treatment plan for the patient. Modern Diagnostic Techniques Used in Singapore Singapore has advanced testing facilities and skilled healthcare workers who focus on men’s health. They are good at finding and treating varicoceles. To check for this condition, a doctor will usually perform a physical examination while the patient stands and lies down. They will feel the scrotum to look for any swollen veins. The doctor might ask the patient to do the Valsalva maneuver. This means the patient breathes out hard, like when having a bowel movement, to make the veins stand out more. Further tests might involve a scrotal ultrasound. This safe test uses sound waves to show blood flow in the veins of the scrotum. Also, semen analysis might be suggested to look at sperm count, movement, and shape, especially if there are concerns about fertility. Why Early Detection Is Crucial for Effective Treatment Finding varicoceles early is very important to improve treatment results, especially if fertility matters. Since varicoceles can get worse over time and could hurt sperm production, spotting it early helps in taking action sooner. Taking care of varicoceles early gives more treatment options. In less severe cases, doctors may suggest just keeping an eye on it with regular check-ups. However, if symptoms are uncomfortable or there are worries about fertility, treatment might be advised. Quick diagnosis is especially crucial for teens and young men, as not treating varicoceles can harm testicular growth and affect future fertility. Treatment Options Available in Singapore Varicocele treatment Singapore provides many options. These range from simple methods to advanced procedures and surgeries. The best treatment choice will depend on several things. These include how serious the condition is, the patient's age, overall health, and plans for future fertility. The country is dedicated to quality healthcare. This means patients get great advice and have access to the latest technologies for the best results. Non-Surgical Treatments: From Medication to Embolization In cases where a varicocele does not cause much pain or affect fertility, non-surgical options may be tried first. These usually include: Pain relief: Over-the-counter pain meds can help ease scrotal pain. Scrotal support: Wearing supportive underwear can reduce dragging and discomfort in the scrotum. If these methods do not work well enough, smaller procedures like varicocele embolization may be an option. This procedure needs involves a small incisionpuncture, usually in the groin or neck. A thin tube, or catheter, is then guided to the spermatic cordgonadal veins. Tiny coils or agents are released through this catheter to block the affected veins. This helps redirect blood flow to normal veins. Surgical Interventions: Techniques and Recovery In situations where less invasive methods are not the best choice, surgery is an option. Singapore provides advanced surgical choices for varicoceles, done by talented competent surgeons. This ensures the safety of patients and positive results. Microscopic varicocelectomy is most often the best surgical method. This procedure is done with general anesthesia. It uses involves a tiny cut in the scrotum or groin. A special microscope helps the surgeon tie off the affected veins carefully while keeping the nearby arteries and nerves intact. Another option is laparoscopic varicocelectomy. This is a less invasive method that uses a laparoscope. The laparoscope has a camera and surgical tools. It goes through small cuts in the abdomen. This lets the surgeon see and tie off the affected veins. Both methods have high success rates and short recovery times. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Treatment of varicose veins, Treatment of varicose veins Singapore, varicose vein specialist Singapore, Varicose veins, Varicose Veins Doctor Singapore, Varicose veins in legs Singapore, Varicose veins pregnancy Singapore, varicose veins procedure singapore, Varicose Veins Singapore, Varicose veins surgery, Varicose veins surgery Singapore, varicose veins treatment, varicose veins treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional This guide aims to provide answers to common questions about varicose veins from the viewpoint of a vascular surgeon. Whether you have varicose veins, are at risk of developing varicose veins, or want to learn more about this condition, this guide is perfect for you. What are Varicose Veins? Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that can lead to discomfort and pain for those affected. They are often associated with a milder form known as spider veins. Although varicose veins can appear anywhere in the body, they commonly occur in the legs, primarily due to the increased pressure in the lower body when standing and walking upright. These visible veins result from a malfunction in the valves within the blood vessels. These valves, usually responsible for ensuring one-way blood flow, weaken and fail. Consequently, blood flows backward and accumulates in the veins, rather than progressing efficiently toward the heart. This abnormal flow leads to the veins becoming congested, twisting, and stretching, giving rise to varicose veins. (image source: https://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/240129) What Are the Signs or Symptoms of Varicose Veins? Varicose veins are characterized by veins in your legs that appear swollen and enlarged. They can often be seen through the skin and may have a twisted or bulging appearance. These veins can take on various colors, such as red, purple, or blue, which makes them stand out. People with varicose veins often experience a sensation of heaviness in their legs. It can feel as though your legs are weighed down or swollen. This discomfort is often most noticeable after standing or sitting for extended periods. A common symptom of varicose veins is aching or pain in the legs. This discomfort may vary from mild to moderate and can be persistent or intermittent. It's often linked to the pressure and strain placed on the affected veins. Over time, the skin around varicose veins may undergo changes. You might notice that the skin in the affected area becomes discolored, taking on a darker hue. This change in skin color is a result of blood pooling in the affected veins and can be particularly noticeable in fair-skinned individuals. Itching is another symptom that some people with varicose veins experience. The skin around the affected veins can become irritated and itchy. Scratching should be avoided as it can worsen skin problems and potentially lead to complications. (image source: https://www. freepik. com/free-vector/human-legs-with-varicose-vein_28768312. htm) What Causes Varicose Veins? Varicose veins become more common as people grow older. This is because, over time, the valves inside the veins can wear out. These valves usually help blood flow upwards towards the heart, but when they weaken or become damaged, blood can flow backward and pool in the veins, leading to varicose veins. Varicose veins tend to affect more women than men. This gender difference is linked to hormonal changes. Hormonal shifts that occur during pregnancy, before menstruation, or during menopause can relax the walls of the veins, making them more prone to becoming varicose. When a woman is pregnant, her body produces more blood to nourish both herself and the growing fetus. This increased blood volume puts extra pressure on the veins. To accommodate this, the veins enlarge to support the added blood flow. Your family tree can play a significant role in your risk of developing varicose veins. If your parents or close relatives have had varicose veins, you're more likely to get them too. It's almost like having a genetic blueprint that increases your chances of experiencing this condition. Being overweight places extra pressure on your veins, especially those in your legs. This added pressure makes it harder for your veins to effectively push blood back up to the heart. Think of it as a heavy backpack weighing down on your veins, making their job more challenging. If your job or daily routine requires you to stand for long hours, this can lead to varicose veins. When you stand for extended periods, it can be more difficult for your veins to efficiently move blood against gravity. It's like asking your veins to work extra hard without getting a break, which can result in poor blood flow. (image source: https://www. healthline. com/health/doppler-ultrasound-exam-of-an-arm-or-leg) How Can Vascular Surgeons Help Patients with Varicose Veins? Vascular surgeons are skilled in diagnosing varicose veins through clinical examinations and specialized tests like ultrasound scans. They assess the underlying causes of the condition, which helps determine the most appropriate treatment plan. Once the diagnosis is established, vascular surgeons work with patients to develop a personalized treatment plan. They consider factors like your condition and lifestyle to recommend the best course of action. Vascular surgeons are trained in performing minimally invasive procedures to treat varicose veins. These procedures, such as radiofrequency ablation and sclerotherapy, can effectively close off or remove veins, alleviating symptoms and improving the appearance of the legs. In cases where varicose veins are severe or have complications, surgical intervention may be necessary. Vascular surgeons can perform surgical procedures like vein ligation and stripping to remove problematic veins and improve blood circulation. Vascular surgeons educate patients about varicose vein prevention and lifestyle modifications. They also provide advice on wearing compression stockings, which can improve blood flow in the legs. How Do Vascular Surgeons Diagnose Varicose Veins? You will undergo a clinical physical assessment during which a vascular surgeon will carefully examine your legs. During this evaluation, they will observe for any visible signs such as swollen or twisted veins, assess for changes in skin color or texture, and inquire about any discomfort or pain you may be experiencing. Think of this as an initial check where the vascular surgeon collects information to spot the presence of varicose veins and other related issues. An ultrasound scan uses sound waves to generate images of the inside of your body. In the case of varicose veins, the focus of the ultrasound scan is on your legs. In this procedure, a technician or sonographer will apply a unique gel to your legs and utilize a device known as an ultrasound transducer to emit and receive sound waves. These waves bounce off the blood vessels in your legs, producing detailed images visible on a screen. With the help of an ultrasound scan, your vascular surgeon will be able to visualize blockages or areas of weak valves that hinder blood flow. (image source: https://www. cirse. org/patients/general-information/ir-procedures/sclerotherapy/) What Are the Conservative Non-Surgical Treatment Options for Varicose Veins? One of the primary conservative treatments for varicose veins involves wearing tight compression stockings. These stockings are specially designed to provide graduated compression, meaning they are tighter at the ankle and gradually become looser as they move up the leg. Compression stockings exert gentle pressure on the leg veins. This pressure encourages blood to flow upwards towards the heart. In varicose veins, the valves in the veins may not work properly, causing blood to pool or flow backward. Compression stockings assist in counteracting this by aiding blood circulation. By improving blood flow, compression stockings can alleviate common symptoms associated with varicose veins, such as leg swelling, aching, and heaviness. In the early stages of varicose veins or in cases with milder symptoms, wearing compression stockings can effectively manage the condition and prevent it from getting worse. They are often recommended as a first-line treatment, especially when the veins are not severely damaged. However, it's important to note that while compression stockings can provide relief and prevent further deterioration in some cases, they do not eliminate varicose veins. (image source: https://www. veinhealth. com. au/compression-stockings-can-help-your-varicose-veins/) What Are the Surgical Treatment Options for Varicose Veins? Traditional open surgery for treating varicose veins is commonly referred to as "high-tie ligation and vein stripping. " This surgical approach involves a few key aspects. Firstly, it typically necessitates the administration of general anesthesia, meaning the patient is put to sleep during the procedure. Secondly, open surgery for varicose veins usually requires an overnight stay in the hospital for post-operative monitoring and care. While this surgical method can effectively treat varicose veins, it is often linked to certain drawbacks. In some cases, patients experience post-operative pain which can make the recovery period more uncomfortable for patients. Additionally, the process of open surgery tends to be slower in comparison to minimally invasive procedures, and it may result in more extended downtime for the individual. Consequently, many patients and vascular surgeons explore less invasive treatment options, such as sclerotherapy or radiofrequency ablation, to achieve varicose vein relief with fewer complications and a quicker recovery. What Are Minimally Invasive Treatments for Varicose Veins? Minimally invasive procedures offer similar benefits to traditional surgery but with less pain and a faster recovery. These procedures involve small incisions and methods in technology that allow for vein sealing through probes inserted into the vein. They are typically performed as day surgery, minimizing disruption to daily life and eliminating the need for a hospital stay. These techniques include Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA) for heating and damaging the vein wall, Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure for sealing varicose veins with medical adhesive, Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation for mechanical destruction and chemical sealing, and Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs) for spider veins using laser and sclerotherapy under skin cooling, leaving minimal scarring. The specific treatment for you ultimately depends on the instructions of your vascular surgeon. How Does Radio Frequency Ablation Work? Radio Frequency Ablation uses radiofrequency energy to generate controlled heat. This energy is used to damage the vein wall. This targeted thermal energy causes the affected veins to close and redirect blood flow to healthier veins nearby. RFA is known for its efficiency and safety, typically completed within a relatively short timeframe of about 35-40 minutes, and it is performed on an outpatient basis, meaning patients can usually return home the same day. How Does Venseal/VenaBlock Glue Closure Work? The Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure procedure involves the application of a specially formulated medical adhesive to permanently seal varicose veins. By closing off these problematic veins, the blood is redirected to healthier neighboring veins, offering relief from the condition. This treatment is known for its comfort and efficiency, typically taking only 15-20 minutes to complete. How Does Clarivein Mechanochemical Ablation Work? In the Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation procedure, a unique approach combines the mechanical disruption of veins with the injection of sclerosant, a chemical used in sclerotherapy to close off veins. A specialized catheter with a rapidly rotating wire is inserted, effectively damaging the innermost vein layer (venous intima). Simultaneously, a controlled injection of sclerosant is administered to seal the vein. This technique is painless and necessitates fewer local anesthesia injections. Importantly, the mechanochemical ablation method carries no risk of heat-induced damage to nearby nerves, enhancing its safety profile. Where Can I Find a Vascular Surgeon in Singapore? The Vascular & Interventional Centre in Singapore offers minimally invasive treatment for varicose veins. Our vascular surgeons are well-trained in screening, diagnosing, and treating this condition. To find out if the procedure is right for you, you may request a consultation so you can understand your options and choose the best treatment for you. You can contact us at +65 6694 6270 during clinic hours or you can send an e-mail to enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. FAQs: What is the cost of varicose vein treatment in Singapore? The cost of varicose vein treatment in Singapore varies depending on the provider and the specific treatment chosen, so it's best to schedule a consultation to get an accurate estimate. Is varicose vein treatment covered by insurance? Whether varicose vein treatment is covered by insurance depends on your insurance policy and the medical necessity criteria set by your provider. You should check with your insurance company to determine coverage. What can I do to prevent varicose veins? To prevent varicose veins, you can engage in regular exercise, maintain a healthy weight, elevate your legs, when possible, avoid prolonged sitting or standing, and wear compression stockings if recommended by a vascular surgeon. What should I do if varicose vein treatment has failed? If varicose vein treatment has not provided the... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Fibroids Singapore, Fibroids Treatment Singapore, UFE Singapore, uterine cancer singapore, Uterine Fibroids - Translation Priorities: Optional Uterine Fibroids in Singapore and Understanding Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Women’s health includes the care and well-being of the reproductive system, which often causes significant physical, emotional, and psychological effects on their daily lifestyle. As an example, those with uterine fibroids experience cramps, bleeding, constipation, and other symptoms. For some women, these symptoms are like that of dysmenorrhea or pain associated with menstruation. As a result, women may confuse uterine fibroid symptoms with other conditions. It is also important to note that some cases of women with uterine fibroids experience no symptoms at all. This highlights the importance of seeking medical attention and regular check-ups for diagnosis and screening for women’s health conditions. (image source: https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/symptoms-causes/syc-20354288) A uterine fibroid is a growth that develops in the uterus. It may come in a single nodule or multiple nodules. The location of these growths varies from person to person. It can grow in the uterus wall or the outer surface of the uterus. Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous (benign) growths which affects women worldwide. It is estimated that up to 50% of women may have uterine fibroids by the age of 35. It has been observed that women develop fibroids in their reproductive years, where women experience a lot of hormonal changes as they age. Uterine fibroids are uncommon in women who are experiencing menopause. This is linked to the decreased production of estrogen and progesterone during the menopause stage. Even so, women should not have to wait and see if their condition worsens over time. The symptoms of uterine fibroids include: Irregular menstrual cycle with heavy bleeding A menstrual cycle that lasts longer than usual (more than 7 days) Spotting (bleeding that is not caused by menstrual period) Frequent urination Constipation Fatigue and lethargy due to blood loss from heavy periods In some uncommon instances, uterine fibroids can lead to severe issues like trouble with breathing, fertility problems, or anemia because of the substantial blood loss. Unfortunately, there are no available treatments to stop fibroids from developing, but once they do appear, the choice of treatment depends on factors like the size and position of the growths. If you think that you have uterine fibroids, it is best to consult a specialist for proper evaluation. It is important to keep track of your reproductive health especially if you have family members who had fibroids. Some factors that might make you more likely to develop this condition would include your age, being overweight, your family history, and your hormones. In Singapore, vascular surgeons may recommend a treatment called uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE) that can help many women with fibroid symptoms. It works by cutting off the blood supply to the uterus, which makes the fibroids shrink in a few weeks to months. Sometimes, surgery might be needed, depending on the size and where the fibroids are located. It's a good idea to talk to a specialist to figure out the best treatment for you. You will undergo tests and medical interviews so your vascular surgeon can decide if you are a suitable candidate for uterine fibroid embolisation. (image source: https://bankerivf. com/blog/uterine-fibroids-myths-facts/) Debunking Myths About Uterine Fibroids in Singapore MYTH: Fibroids can be fully prevented. FACT: There is no sure-fire way to prevent the development of fibroids. It is important to take note of the risk factors associated with this condition. These risk factors include age, obesity, genetics, and hormone levels. MYTH: All women with fibroids experience symptoms. FACT: Not all uterine fibroids make you experience symptoms such as painful menstruation or heavy bleeding. There are cases where uterine fibroids go undetected because of the lack of symptoms. MYTH: Women with fibroids will be infertile. FACT: Uterine fibroids can affect fertility, but there are methods such as uterine fibroid embolisation to treat this condition. MYTH: Fibroids always require open surgery. FACT: For suitable candidates, there is the option for uterine fibroid embolisation as a treatment for this condition. It will shrink the growths and reduce the blood flow to the fibroids. MYTH: Only older women develop uterine fibroids. FACT: Women can develop uterine fibroids at any age, but it is most common in women in their 30s or 40s. (image source: https://www. healthshots. com/preventive-care/reproductive-care/5-ways-to-manage-abdominal-pain-due-to-fibroids/) Protecting Yourself from Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: Treatments and Alternatives The goal of uterine fibroid embolisation is to place tiny particles into blood vessels that supply the fibroids. This blocks their blood flow and make them shrink. Another option is myomectomy, a surgery that removes fibroids from inside the uterus, but it's more invasive and takes longer to recover from than UAE. Doctors might also give you hormonal medicines to control symptoms like heavy bleeding, but these can have side effects like weakening your bones and fertility issues. If you stop taking these medicines, the fibroids can come back quickly. It is best to speak with a specialist to better understand the various options and choose the one which is most appropriate for your situation. In Singapore, there are different ways to treat uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroid embolisation is one option, and it's often cheaper than surgery (myomectomy) because it doesn't require deep incisions and it can be done as a day procedure. However, there are also medications like GnRH agonists that can shrink fibroids by reducing hormones (but this treatment might lead to bone loss and infertility). Myomectomy is a surgery that relieves symptoms but is more invasive than UFE. The cost of treatment depends on factors like the type of procedure, the number and size of fibroids, and any other health issues you have, so it's best to talk to a specialist for advice on the right treatment, insurance coverage, and the estimated cost. (image source: https://www. invitra. com/en/uterine-fibroids/symptoms-of-myomas/) It's important to consult your doctor if you notice any signs of uterine fibroids like heavy periods, strong cramps, bleeding between periods, or problems with urination and bowel movements. The good news is that if you undergo uterine fibroid embolisation, you can usually fully recover in about 3 to 4 weeks. Right after the treatment, you should rest and avoid strenuous physical activities like heavy exercise and lifting. Most women who get this treatment experience less heavy bleeding and pain during periods. Preparation and Expectations for Patients with Uterine Fibroids The success rate and recovery rate for uterine fibroid embolisation in treating uterine fibroids varies from person to person. It depends on things like the size and location of the fibroids and the blood vessels supplying them. Patients will experience fewer symptoms, which lets them perform their daily activities with ease. But it's important to know that not everyone responds the same way. Some may see all their symptoms go, while others might still have minor issues like discomfort during their periods or heavy bleeding after the treatment. Diagnosing fibroids involves a few steps to get a clear picture of what's going on in your body. First, vascular surgeons often use an ultrasound scan to see the size, location, and number of fibroids. If there's a need for more detailed information, you may undergo a CT or MRI scan. These tests help vascular surgeons identify your condition so they can plan the right treatment for you. Before you undergo treatment for uterine fibroids in Singapore, your vascular surgeon will ask you about your health, including any medical conditions you have (like diabetes) and any medicines you take, even if they're not prescription medicine. (image source: https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354294) The process of uterine fibroid embolisation involves a tiny tube (catheter) that will be inserted through a small cut in your arm or groin to send embolic agents into the blood vessels that feed your uterine fibroids. This blocks the blood supply to the fibroids, and over time, they get smaller. The best part is, you usually don't have to stay overnight in the facility; you can go home the same day and resume your usual activities after recovery. This treatment causes only minimal disruption on the surrounding tissues, so you recover faster compared to having traditional surgery to remove the fibroids (called myomectomy). Finding the Right Uterine Fibroid Embolisation Provider in Singapore The Vascular & Interventional Centre in Singapore offers uterine fibroid embolisation as a minimally invasive treatment for uterine fibroids. Our vascular surgeons are well-trained in screening, diagnosing, and treating this condition. To find out if the procedure is right for you, you may request a consultation so you can understand your options and choose the best treatment for you. You can contact us at +65 6694 6270 during clinic hours or you can send an e-mail to enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. FAQs: What is uterine fibroid embolization (UFE)? Uterine fibroid embolisation is a minimally invasive procedure designed to treat uterine fibroids without having to resort to open surgery. It works by cutting off the blood supply to the fibroids in the uterus, which shrink and die over time. The procedure involves a vascular surgeon threading tiny catheters (tiny tubes) through your groin area into the uterine artery, where they release embolic agents that block blood flow to the fibroids. How does UFE work? During UFE, a catheter is inserted through a small incision in the groin or wrist, and tiny particles are injected into the blood vessels supplying the fibroids, blocking blood flow and leading to their reduction in size. What are the benefits of UFE in Singapore? UFE offers several benefits, including shorter recovery times compared to traditional surgery, reduced hospital stays, and effective symptom relief for women suffering from uterine fibroids. Who is a suitable candidate for UFE? Women who experience significant symptoms from uterine fibroids and prefer a non-surgical option may be suitable candidates for UFE. A consultation with a specialist is necessary to determine eligibility. What symptoms can UFE help alleviate? UFE can help alleviate symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, pressure symptoms, and discomfort caused by uterine fibroids. Is UFE safe? UFE is generally considered safe, with a low risk of complications. However, as with any medical procedure, potential risks should be discussed with your healthcare provider. How long does the recovery take after UFE? Most women can expect to return to normal activities within 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure, although some may experience mild discomfort for a few days post-treatment. Where can I get UFE treatment in Singapore? UFE treatment is available at specialised vascular and interventional centers in Singapore. Consult with a healthcare provider for recommendations on where to receive care. References: https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/fibroid-problems https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/myomectomy/about/pac-203847100 https://www. sgvascularctr. com/do-i-have-uterine-fibroids/ Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: arteriovenous malformations treatment singapore, venous malformation brain treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: 可选 Veins play a crucial role in carrying blood throughout our body. While arteries helps distribute oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells, our veins act as the highways and roads that guide the blood back to our heart. Veins have one-way valves that let blood go in one direction, towards the heart. The circulatory system is also responsible for getting rid of toxins or unwanted materials in our body. What are venous malformations and how do they affect the body? A venous malformation (VM) is an anomaly in the body where veins do not develop properly. It is characteristed by enlarged and intricately tangled veins. When a venous malformation is located near the skin's surface, it typically manifests as a maroon, blue, or purple spot. Children are born with venous malformations, and these malformations may not be immediately apparent. They might become visible later as the veins enlarge or expand. Deeper venous malformations within muscles or the body may remain undetected until a person experiences pain, swelling, and other symptoms. A venous malformation tends to grow as a child grows, and it may become more conspicuous in response to injuries or if only partially removed. What are the different types of venous malformations? (image source: https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/arteriovenous-malformation/symptoms-causes/syc-20350544) There are several types of venous malformations which can be described as: 1. Arteriovenous Malformations happen when veins and arteries grow unusually large in place of tiny capillaries. Patients with arteriovenous malformations may feel an unusual pulse in the affected area. AVMs can appear shortly before or after birth, impacting more than 1% of the population. They can replace the tiny capillaries that usually link arteries and veins, disrupting regular blood circulation. These abnormal growths are often located in the head and neck and can lead to serious issues like seizures, strokes, and breathing difficulties. Most arteriovenous malformations don't show any initial signs, and they can remain symptom-free for a person's entire life. However, there's a risk that an arteriovenous malformation might bleed, and the impact can vary depending on its size and severity. Typically, symptoms become noticeable between the ages of 10 and 40, but they can emerge at any age. Some pregnant women might experience worsened symptoms around their arteriovenous malformations due to increased blood pressure during pregnancy. Symptoms can include skin discoloration, swelling, increased vulnerability of the skin over the arteriovenous malformations leading to ulcers, and discomfort. For brain arteriovenous malformations, additional symptoms may appear, such as headaches localized to one area of the head, muscle weakness or numbness in specific parts of the body, seizures, speaking difficulties, and confusion. The exact causes of brain arteriovenous malformations are not known, but they are believed to be congenital, meaning a person can be born with them. Some individuals may have a family history of arteriovenous malformations, although it's unclear whether there's a direct hereditary link. However, it's possible to inherit other conditions that increase the likelihood of developing this type of malformation. Luckily, arteriovenous malformation treatment options are available in Singapore. (image source: https://kidshealth. org/Hackensack/en/parents/venous-malformations. html) 2. Venous Malformations are lumps under the skin that have a bluish or skin-colored appearance. Vascular malformations can develop anywhere in the body, and the symptoms vary based on their location and type. Many individuals only become aware of these malformations and receive a diagnosis later in life, typically between the ages of 30 and 50. While some individuals, including newborns, may have these malformations from birth, noticeable symptoms tend to appear as a person gets older. These symptoms may include visible, cosmetically displeasing growths or soft lumps that can be seen without special equipment, pain, and gradual changes in the skin's color around the growth, and loss of limb function, which can manifest as muscle weakness, numbness, and, in severe cases, limb paralysis. If a vascular malformation occurs in the brain and is left untreated, it can lead to bleeding, resulting in a stroke or seizures due to increased pressure on the brain. Vascular malformations are typically present from birth (congenital). In rare cases, trauma can also cause vascular malformations to develop. (image source: https://www. childrensmn. org/services/care-specialties-departments/fetal-medicine/conditions-and-services/lymphatic-malformation/) 3. Lymphovenous Malformations are non-cancerous masses made of fluid-filled channels. They form because the body's lymphatic system doesn't develop correctly. Lymphatic malformations are infrequent, benign growths characterized by fluid-filled spaces due to abnormal development of the lymphatic system. They can emerge anywhere within the body. Some superficial lymphatic malformations may resemble small, soft bumps beneath the skin, while others remain hidden from view. Irrespective of their size, these have the potential to impede nearby structures or organs' normal function and alter the appearance of the affected areas. Typically, symptoms arise from the compression or blockage of nearby structures, and they vary depending on the size and specific location of the malformation. Complications can arise, including recurrent inflammation or bleeding in the malformation. The inflammation results in skin swelling and redness (cellulitis). Repeated episodes of cellulitis can lead to pain and disfigurement in the affected region. Bleeding can cause intense pain, swelling, and an increase in the size of the malformation in a specific area. The development of lymphatic malformations is associated with the improper formation and development of lymphatic vessels during pregnancy. (image source: https://www. svin. org/i4a/pages/index. cfm? pageid=3316) 4. Dural Arteriovenous Fistula is a rare vascular condition that arises when abnormal connections, known as fistulas, form between arteries and veins within the protective brain covering known as the dura mater. These fistulas allow high-pressure arterial blood to flow directly into veins that typically carry blood at lower pressure. As a consequence, the brain's venous system may become congested, potentially leading to brain dysfunction. These can be found in both the brain and the spine, and they tend to manifest later in life. In some cases, individuals may not experience any symptoms, while others may exhibit a range of mild to more severe symptoms. A distinctive indication of dural arteriovenous fistulas is pulsatile tinnitus, a persistent whooshing sound near the ear caused by the flow of blood from arteries through the fistula into the veins. Mild symptoms may include vision problems, eye bulging, swelling in the eye lining, while more aggressive symptoms often result from bleeding in the affected area, leading to seizures, sudden onset headaches, speech difficulties, dementia, coordination problems, and sensations of burning or prickling around the affected region. Additionally, nausea or vomiting may occur in some cases. What is the role of vascular surgeons in treating venous malformations? Vascular surgeons are well-equipped to diagnose the malformation's type, size, and location through imaging techniques. The treatment would depend on your condition and the complexity of the malformation. In some cases, only a minimally invasive treatment would suffice. Vascular surgeons carry out these procedures with precision to either block or repair the abnormal blood vessels while preserving normal function. To actively prevent further complications, vascular surgeons will also recommend having regular check-ups with you. (image source: https://snc2dmri. weebly. com/components--functions. html) How do vascular surgeons diagnose and screen patients for vascular malformations? Diagnosis typically involves a clinical examination, and further imaging tests like computerized tomography scans (CT scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and cerebral angiograms (also referred to as digital subtraction angiography or DSA) might be conducted. These imaging procedures help identify the malformation's location, its characteristics, and the extent of damage to surrounding tissues. These tests are often repeated to monitor any changes in the size of the malformation. What are the risks and complications associated with venous malformations? While some malformations might not pose any immediate issues and can be closely monitored, many often result in pain and swelling. This condition can interfere with your daily activities. Patients with this condition can have a hard time performing basic tasks like exercise, work, or sports. Vascular malformations can cause varying levels of discomfort. In more severe cases, large malformations can gradually lead to heart failure. Vascular malformations situated in solid organs like the liver, kidney, or uterus can disrupt organ function and potentially cause other health complications. When there are arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the brain or spine, they can block the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the brain. This can lead to dangerous complications like aneurysms, brain bleeds, and strokes. (image source: https://www. drugs. com/mcd/spinal-arteriovenous-malformation-avm) What are the various treatment options for venous malformations in Singapore? Your treatment method will depend on the complexity of the malformation and your overall condition. One option is excision, in which the malformation is removed using traditional surgery. Depending on the malformation's size, patients may need multiple sessions. There are also minimally invasive methods to halt the malformation's growth. These treatments may require several sessions and are chosen based on the malformation's size and type. Two such methods are embolization, a procedure that blocks blood flow to abnormal blood vessels effectively, and sclerotherapy, a non-surgical approach that involves injecting scarring solutions into veins or lymphatic components to shrink the problematic vessels. What are some common misconceptions about venous malformations? Myth: Venous malformations are always painful. Truth: Venous malformations don't always cause pain; some can be painless and only become symptomatic if they grow or press on nearby structures. Myth: Venous malformations are always harmless. Truth: While some venous malformations may remain benign and symptom-free, others can cause pain, functional impairment, or complications if left untreated. Myth: Venous malformations are contagious. Truth: They are congenital conditions, meaning they are present from birth, and they cannot be transmitted to others through contact. Myth: Venous malformations do not need medical intervention. Truth: While some small and asymptomatic venous malformations may be observed without treatment, others may necessitate medical procedures or surgery to alleviate pain, prevent complications, or improve cosmetic appearance. Myth: Venous malformations can only be treated with traditional methods like surgery. Truth: Treatments for venous malformations may include minimally invasive procedures such as sclerotherapy or embolization to block or shrink the abnormal vessels, surgical excision for larger or complex malformations, or laser therapy for skin-related venous malformations. Specific Treatment Options The aim of treatment should be a complete and definite cure of the malformation. However, if the bleeding risk is low, the goal may be a complete cure, or the goal may be a reduction of AVM size to make definitive treatment safer, more effective, and less morbid. Several different treatment options are available to treat brain vascular malformations, including the following: Minimally invasive techniques such as embolization procedures, radioembolization, and stereotactic radiofrequency thermal ablation. Surgical removal or resection. A combination of the above treatments. Each of these treatments has its particular indications and may be more or less effective in the variety of individual malformations. It is important that a treatment plan be individualized for each patient. Coils or other materials can be placed endovascularly to occlude small blood vessels or arteries inside the AVM, decreasing blood flow through an AVM, and may sometimes result in gradual elimination of an AVM. A millimeter must be used, determining and minimizing any vascular damage to adjacent normal brain. Another minimally invasive therapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, delivers a single high-intensity beam of radiation to the AVM in the operating room. The radiation travels through normal brain tissue causing minimal damage. During this time, in the radiation oncology center after overnight fasting, a frame will be applied to your skull under local anesthetic to stabilize and make measurements of your AVM from multiple angles using the frame. Analysis has shown that as sources of technology improve, so have the patient outcomes. Throughout the history of stereotactic radiosurgery, technological advances have made radiation treatments more reliable and safer. When considering treatment for brain vascular malformations, it is important to understand that a variety of factors such as a patient's health, age, and the specific characteristics of the vascular malformation influence the decision-making process. The chief disadvantage of stereotactic radiosurgery is the time required for obliteration. Unfortunately, a risk of obliteration-related bleeding per year, without further intervention, has been cited. It is not possible to provide a single, unchanging set of indications... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Treatment of varicose veins, Treatment of varicose veins Singapore, varicose vein specialist Singapore, Varicose veins, Varicose Veins Doctor Singapore, Varicose veins in legs Singapore, Varicose veins pregnancy Singapore, varicose veins procedure singapore, Varicose Veins Singapore, Varicose veins surgery, Varicose veins surgery Singapore, varicose veins treatment, varicose veins treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: 可选 Veins as Vital Pathways in the Circulatory System The circulatory system is responsible for the transportation of blood throughout the body. Veins act as vessels for blood flow and they serve various purposes: Veins act as the return path for blood that has delivered oxygen and nutrients to body tissues. After this exchange occurs in the capillaries, veins carry the oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart and lungs for reoxygenation. The contraction of surrounding muscles during movement helps push blood through the veins, especially in the limbs. This movement helps prevent blood from pooling in the lower extremities. Veins contain one-way valves that ensure blood flows in the correct direction—toward the heart. This prevents backflow and aids in the efficient return of blood to the heart. When veins experience dysfunction, as seen in conditions like varicose veins, their importance becomes even more apparent. Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that often result from damaged or weakened vein walls and valves. These conditions can disrupt blood flow, leading to symptoms such as pain, swelling, and discomfort. Managing varicose veins is crucial not only for symptom relief but also for maintaining the overall health of the circulatory system. Varicose veins can lead to complications like blood clots or skin ulcers. Therefore, addressing varicose veins is not just a matter of cosmetic concern but also one of circulatory health. (image source: https://cardiacassociatesnj. com/archives/695) Identifying Common Symptoms & Risk Factors of Varicose Veins While varicose veins may not always be painful, they are identifiable through certain visual characteristics, such as the presence of dark purple or blue veins that appear twisted and swollen, resembling cords on the legs. However, when varicose veins do cause discomfort, individuals may experience sensations of heaviness or aches in the legs, along with symptoms like burning, throbbing, muscle cramps, and swelling in the lower leg area. These tend to intensify after extended periods of sitting or standing. Itching in the vicinity of the affected veins and alterations in skin pigmentation near varicose veins are also potential signs of this condition. Understanding and recognizing varicose vein risk factors is vital for both early intervention and preventive measures: Age - Increased age contributes to wear and tear of vein valves, leading to blood backflow and pooling. Gender - Females are more vulnerable due to hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, pre-menstruation, or menopause, which relax vein walls. Pregnancy - The condition is more likely during pregnancy as the body copes with elevated blood volume to support the growing fetus, causing vein enlargement. Family History - A family history of varicose veins raises the risk of developing the condition. Obesity - Excess weight places additional pressure on veins, heightening the risk. Prolonged Standing - Occupations involving extended periods of standing can strain blood flow, increasing susceptibility to varicose veins. (image source: https://www. uhhospitals. org/blog/articles/2021/09/varicose-and-spider-veins-whats-the-difference-and-what-to-do) How Vascular Surgeons Diagnose Varicose Veins Step 1: Medical Interview The vascular surgeon asks about any symptoms you might have, like leg aches, discomfort, swelling, or itching around the veins. This assessment helps the vascular surgeon get an initial idea of the problem. Step 2: Clinical Assessment A vascular surgeon examines your legs, and they look for visible signs of varicose veins, such as dark purple or blue twisted veins. They assess the size of these veins and check for skin discoloration and texture changes. Step 3: Ultrasound Scan To get a more detailed image of your legs, you may be asked to undergo an ultrasound. A technician or sonographer applies a special gel to your legs. An ultrasound transducer is used to emit and receive sound waves. Sound waves bounce off the blood vessels in your legs, creating real-time images on a screen. These images confirm the presence of varicose veins. They also reveal critical information about the root causes, such as faulty vein valves or blockages. Step 4: Comprehensive Diagnosis Combining the clinical examination and ultrasound scans ensures a thorough and accurate diagnosis. This comprehensive assessment enables vascular surgeons to develop a treatment plan tailored to your specific condition and needs. While varicose veins are generally a common and manageable vascular condition, it's important to be aware of potential complications that can arise. While these occurrences are infrequent, understanding and recognizing these complications is crucial for prompt medical intervention and effective management: (image source: https://cincyveins. com/conditions/venous-ulcers/) Painful ulcers can develop on the skin near varicose veins. Typically, a discolored spot on the skin appears before an ulcer forms. If you suspect you have a leg ulcer, it's crucial to seek immediate medical attention. In some cases, deep veins within the legs may become enlarged, causing leg pain, and swelling. Persistent leg pain or swelling should prompt you to seek medical attention, as it could indicate the presence of a blood clot. Occasionally, veins located close to the skin's surface may burst. While this usually results in minor bleeding, it still necessitates medical attention to address the issue effectively. Exploring Varicose Vein Treatment Options in Singapore Compression stockings improve blood flow within the leg veins, providing relief from associated symptoms, and impeding the progression of the condition. This can effectively boost blood circulation and alleviate discomfort. It's important to explore alternative treatment options, especially in cases of severe varicose veins. Traditional open surgery for varicose veins is commonly referred to as "high-tie ligation and vein stripping. " This procedure necessitates general anesthesia and typically involves an overnight hospital stay. While it has been a conventional approach, open surgery is often associated with several drawbacks. Patients undergoing this method tend to experience higher levels of postoperative pain, and the recovery process can be slower compared to more modern and minimally invasive alternatives. Minimally invasive procedures offer similar benefits to traditional surgery but come with reduced pain and faster recovery times. These procedures involve small incisions rather than large openings. Advanced technology allows for tiny punctures through which probes are inserted to seal the affected vein. Typically performed as day surgery, this approach allows for a swift return to daily activities without the need for a prolonged hospital stay. It is conducted under local anesthesia or light sedation, utilizing heat, mechanical, or chemical methods to seal the vein efficiently. Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA) - Radiofrequency energy is used to heat up and damage the vein wall. A fast and safe outpatient procedure, it takes about 35-40 minutes to perform. Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure - A small amount of specially formulated medical adhesive is used to seal the varicose vein permanently. Through the closure of these veins, blood is rerouted to healthy veins located nearby, providing relief. This procedure provides a comfortable experience and typically is completed within 15-20 minutes. Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation - This procedure combines the mechanical destruction of the veins and the injection of sclerosant (a chemical used in sclerotherapy that seals off veins). A special catheter is inserted that has a wire rotating at high speed, damaging the innermost layer of the vein (or the venous intima). At the same time, there is the controlled injection of sclerosant which seals off the vein. This is a painless technique which requires a lot less local anaesthetic injection. Additionally, there is no risk of heat-induced to surrounding nerves due to the mechanochemical ablation technique. Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs) - Suitable for spider veins, this procedure combines transdermal laser and injection sclerotherapy using a chemical sclerosant, all under skin cool (-20C). It leaves minimal scarring and pigmentation post-surgery. This procedure makes use of the Harmony XL PRO. Using its light, laser, and AFT (Advanced Fluorescence Technology), affected blood vessels beneath the skin are targeted. (image source: https://pharmeasy. in/surgicare/varicose-veins/bangalore) Selecting the Right Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore Choosing the right varicose vein treatment is a decision influenced by several factors, mainly the patient's individual condition, lifestyle, and the evaluation of an experienced vascular surgeon. Varicose veins are a complex vascular issue, and the most suitable treatment can vary greatly among patients. Firstly, factors like the severity of varicose veins, and location, and any associated symptoms are key considerations. Mild cases may find relief with non-surgical options like compression stockings, which improve blood circulation and alleviate discomfort. However, as varicose veins progress or become more symptomatic, advanced treatments may become necessary. Aside from this, the vascular surgeon examines the patient's lifestyle. Their level of physical activity, occupation, and daily routine can impact treatment preferences. Active individuals or those with physically demanding jobs may prefer minimally invasive procedures for quicker recovery and minimal disruption. Conversely, those leading more sedentary lives may have different treatment preferences. Preparing for Varicose Vein Treatment These are three key tips to help you get ready for your varicose vein treatment: Before undergoing varicose vein treatment, it's essential to schedule a consultation with a qualified vascular surgeon. The specialist will evaluate your condition, conduct necessary tests like ultrasound scans, and discuss your medical history. Take the time to educate yourself about the varicose vein treatment recommended by your vascular specialist. Understand the procedure's details, potential risks, and expected outcomes. Ask questions during your consultation to ensure you have a clear grasp of what to expect before, during, and after the treatment. Planning for post-treatment recovery is crucial. Depending on the procedure, you may need to arrange for someone to drive you home afterward, especially if anesthesia is involved. Stock up on any recommended compression garments or medications, and ensure your home is set up for a comfortable recovery period. Follow your vascular surgeon’s post-treatment instructions diligently to optimize healing and achieve the best results. (image source: https://skinvolutionaz. com/how-long-does-it-take-for-varicose-veins-to-disappear-after-laser-treatment/) Post-Varicose Vein Treatment Expectations & Recovery Tips After varicose vein treatment, it's crucial to understand that immediate results may not be evident. In fact, some patients may experience temporary bruising, swelling, or discomfort. It's essential to consult with your vascular surgeon to establish realistic expectations and timelines for the full benefits of the treatment to become apparent. Adhering to post-treatment instructions is vital for a smooth recovery. This includes taking medications as directed and avoiding activities that may strain the treated area. Make sure to attend all follow-up appointments to monitor your progress and address any concerns promptly. To support your recovery and prevent the recurrence of varicose veins, consider adopting a healthy lifestyle. Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and practicing good vein health habits like elevating your legs when resting can all contribute to long-term success. Staying hydrated and consuming a balanced diet rich in fiber can also help promote optimal circulation and reduce the risk of further vein issues. FAQs: Are there any risks involved with varicose vein treatment? Varicose vein treatments are generally safe, but like any medical procedure, they carry some risks. Possible risks include infection, bleeding, bruising, and nerve injury. However, serious complications are rare when performed by a skilled healthcare provider. What should I expect during and after the varicose vein treatment? During the procedure, you can expect to feel minimal discomfort, and the treatment typically takes a short time. Afterward, there may be some temporary bruising, swelling, or discomfort, but these usually subside within a few days to weeks, depending on the treatment method used. How to prepare for varicose vein treatment? Preparation often involves discussing your medical history and current medications with your healthcare provider. Depending on the procedure, you may be advised to avoid certain medications or dietary supplements beforehand. Wearing loose, comfortable clothing on the day of treatment and arranging transportation home, especially if you receive sedation, are also common preparations. What to expect after varicose vein treatment? After treatment, you can expect to resume most of your regular activities quickly. Your healthcare vascular surgeon will provide post-treatment instructions, which may include avoiding strenuous exercise for a few weeks, and elevating your legs when resting. Follow-up appointments will be scheduled to monitor your progress. How do I find a reputable varicose vein treatment provider in Singapore? The Vascular & Interventional Centre in Singapore offers minimally invasive treatment for varicose veins. Our vascular surgeons are well-trained in screening, diagnosing, and treating this condition.... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Clacs Singapore, laser treatment of varicose veins Singapore, painful veins in legs Singapore, sclerotherapy Singapore, Spider vein treatment, Spider vein treatment Singapore, spider veins removal signapore, Spider Veins Treatment Singapore, Treatment of varicose veins, Treatment of varicose veins Singapore, varicose vein specialist Singapore, Varicose veins, Varicose Veins Doctor Singapore, Varicose veins in legs Singapore, Varicose veins pregnancy Singapore, varicose veins procedure singapore, Varicose Veins Singapore, Varicose veins surgery, Varicose veins surgery Singapore, varicose veins treatment, varicose veins treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: 可选 Understanding The Impact of Varicose Veins on Singaporeans Varicose veins, and their milder form known as spider veins, are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that commonly appear in the legs due to increased pressure when standing and walking upright. These visible veins result from weakened valves that malfunction, allowing blood to flow backward and pool in the veins. This congestion leads to twisting and lengthening of the affected veins, often causing discomfort and pain. Varicose veins can lead to a variety of unpleasant symptoms. The most common of these is a dull ache, often accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or throbbing in the legs. These symptoms can be pronounced after long periods of standing or sitting. Additionally, individuals with varicose veins may experience muscle cramps, particularly at night, and a heightened sense of leg fatigue. In some cases, the condition can lead to itchiness and skin changes in the affected areas. (image source: https://www. healthline. com/health/varicose-veins) While the exact cause of varicose veins isn't always clear, several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing them. Genetics play a significant role; if your parents or grandparents had varicose veins, you are more likely to develop them as well. Other contributing factors include age, as veins naturally lose elasticity and valve function over time. Gender is another factor, with women being more prone to varicose veins, especially during pregnancy and hormonal changes. Prolonged periods of standing or sitting, obesity, and lack of physical activity can also elevate your risk. Fortunately, several treatment options are available for varicose veins, ranging from minimally invasive measures to more traditional procedures. Compression stockings are a commonly recommended non-invasive approach that helps alleviate symptoms by promoting better blood flow. Lifestyle modifications, such as regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight, can also assist in managing the condition. For more severe cases or when conservative treatments prove ineffective, medical interventions like sclerotherapy (injecting a solution into the veins to close them off) may be necessary. In extreme cases, surgical procedures, such as high-tie ligation and vein stripping, can be considered. Exploring the Symptoms of Varicose Veins One of the most common symptom of varicose veins is the appearance of several networks of red, purple, or blue vessels, which are visible beneath the skin. You may experience a sensation of heaviness or swelling in their legs, which can worsen after extended periods of standing or sitting. Patients often experience persistent leg ache. Varicose veins may cause your skin color to change. Some patches of your skin may turn darker, especially around the affected veins. Another common symptom is itchy skin surrounding the veins, which can be a source of discomfort and irritation. (image source: https://mcquaidvein. com/vein-problems/varicose-veins/) Common Causes & Risk Factors of Varicose Veins The likelihood of developing varicose veins tends to rise with age, as the wear and tear on vein valves can lead to blood reflux and pooling. Varicose veins are more prevalent in females, often associated with hormonal changes during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause that relax vein walls. The increased blood volume in a mother's body during pregnancy can cause veins to enlarge to accommodate the growing fetus. Individuals with a family history of similar conditions have a greater predisposition to varicose veins. Excess weight exerts additional pressure on the veins, contributing to their development. Extended periods of standing, particularly in work settings, can lead to compromised blood circulation. A Step-by-Step Process on How Vascular Surgeons Diagnose Varicose Vens First, your healthcare provider carefully examines your legs, looking for signs of varicose veins like swelling, twisted veins, changes in skin color, or any discomfort you might be feeling. To be sure about the diagnosis, they often use an ultrasound scan. This scan helps identify which veins are working properly and which are not. Using these methods, your vascular surgeon can now figure out what's going on with your veins and why you're experiencing the symptoms you have. This way, you can manage any discomfort, pain, or other effects of varicose veins effectively. (image source: https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/vein-diseases-varicose-veins/) Examining the Different Treatment Options for Varicose Veins 1. Conservative Non-Surgical Treatments Conservative non-surgical treatments for varicose veins involve the use of tight compression stockings. These stockings promote better blood flow within the leg veins, offering relief from discomfort. By gently squeezing the legs, these stockings reduce the pooling of blood in the veins. While they can be effective in milder cases, individuals with more severe varicose veins and pronounced symptoms may need additional treatment and care to address their condition effectively. 2. Traditional Open Surgery Conventional open surgery, known as high-tie ligation and vein stripping, necessitates general anesthesia and typically involves an overnight hospital stay. This method is often linked to more significant discomfort and a slower recovery process. 3. Minimally Invasive Procedures Minimally invasive procedures offer several advantages over traditional surgery. Patients can expect quicker recovery times and less pain compared to open surgery. As opposed to open surgery, minimally invasive procedures are performed through tiny incisions. This technology allows for the insertion of probes through small punctures to seal off the vein. These procedures are typically done as day surgery, allowing patients to return to their daily activities without the need for a lengthy hospital stay. Local anesthesia or light sedation is used, and various methods, including heat, mechanical, or chemical techniques, are employed to seal the vein. (image source: https://theswiftinstitute. com/radiofrequency-ablation-closurefast/) The Vascular & Interventional Centre in Singapore offers treatment methods such as: Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA): This outpatient procedure uses radiofrequency energy to heat and damage the vein wall. It is a fast and safe minimally invasive procedure. Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure: A small amount of specialized medical adhesive permanently seals varicose veins. This reroutes blood to nearby healthy veins, providing relief. The procedure is comfortable and typically takes 15-20 minutes. Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation: This technique combines mechanical destruction of veins with the injection of sclerosant to seal the vein. A rotating wire damages the vein's innermost layer while sclerosant seals it off. It's a painless method with fewer local anesthetic injections and no risk of heat-related nerve damage. Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs): Suitable for spider veins, this procedure combines transdermal laser and injection sclerotherapy using a chemical sclerosant while cooling the skin. It minimizes scarring and pigmentation after surgery, targeting affected blood vessels beneath the skin using advanced technology for safe and effective results. To find out if the procedure is right for you, you may request a consultation with one of our doctors to help you understand your options and choose the optimal treatment. The Benefits and Risks of Varicose Vein Treatment 1. Benefits of Varicose Vein Treatment: Varicose vein treatment can alleviate discomfort, aching, and heaviness in the legs, improving overall quality of life. The procedure can enhance the appearance of the legs by reducing the visibility of varicose veins and associated skin discoloration. Treatment can prevent potential complications like blood clots or skin ulcers that may arise from untreated varicose veins. 2. Risks of Varicose Vein Treatment: There is a slight risk of infection at the treatment site, but it is relatively low. Some patients may experience bruising or swelling in the treated area, which usually subsides over time. In rare cases, individuals may have allergic reactions to medications or materials used in the treatment. Finding a Varicose Vein Treatment Provider in Singapore The Vascular & Interventional Centre in Singapore houses a team of skilled vascular surgeons and a dedicated medical staff who are well-equipped to provide effective treatment for varicose veins. Our team specializes in minimally invasive procedures. These procedures not only alleviate the discomfort and pain associated with varicose veins but also result in quicker recovery times compared to traditional surgical approaches. With a commitment to patient well-being and comfort, VIC ensures that individuals seeking treatment for varicose veins receive quality care and suitable solutions tailored to their specific needs. Questions to Ask Your Vascular Surgeon About Varicose Veins 1. What is the cause of my varicose veins and is treatment necessary for my condition? 2. What are the symptoms, and how can I differentiate them from other conditions? 3. What lifestyle changes can help manage varicose veins? 4. What are the treatment options, and which is best for me? 5. What are the risks and benefits of each treatment? 6. How do you determine the most suitable treatment for my condition? 7. What's the expected outcome, and how soon will I see results? 8. Are there potential complications from this treatment? 9. What's the recovery time, and when can I resume normal activities? 10. Are there any long-term considerations after treatment? If you have varicose veins or are at risk of developing them, it's best to reach out to a vascular surgeon. Early detection and management can alleviate discomfort, prevent complications, and improve your overall well-being. Don't hesitate to consult with a vascular surgeon to discuss your varicose vein concerns and explore suitable treatment options for you. FAQ: What causes varicose veins? Varicose veins are primarily caused by weakened or damaged vein valves, which lead to the pooling of blood and the formation of swollen veins. What are the symptoms of varicose veins? Symptoms of varicose veins can include visible twisted and swollen veins, aching or discomfort in the legs, skin discoloration, and itching around the affected area. What are the different treatments for varicose veins? There are several treatment options for varicose veins, including minimally invasive procedures like radiofrequency ablation and sclerotherapy, as well as traditional surgery such as vein stripping. Is varicose vein treatment covered by insurance? The coverage of varicose vein treatment by insurance can vary, and it's advisable to check with your insurance provider to determine if your specific treatment is covered. What should I expect during and after the varicose vein treatment? During varicose vein treatment, you can expect a relatively short and minimally invasive procedure, with post-treatment recovery often involving minimal discomfort and a quick return to normal activities. What is sclerotherapy? Sclerotherapy is a medical procedure used to treat varicose veins and spider veins. It involves injecting a solution directly into the affected veins, which causes them to collapse and eventually fade from view. How does sclerotherapy work? The injected solution irritates the lining of the blood vessels, leading to inflammation and closure of the vein. Over time, the body absorbs the treated vein, effectively eliminating it from circulation. What conditions can sclerotherapy treat? Sclerotherapy is primarily used for treating varicose veins and spider veins, which are smaller and less severe than varicose veins. What are the benefits of sclerotherapy? Minimally invasive: The procedure requires no incisions and can often be performed in a doctor's office. Quick recovery: Patients can typically resume normal activities shortly after treatment. Effective results: Many patients see significant improvement in the appearance of their veins after just one session. How long does a sclerotherapy session take? A typical session lasts about 30 to 45 minutes, depending on the number of veins being treated. How many sessions are usually required for optimal results? Many patients require multiple sessions to achieve desired results, typically spaced several weeks apart. What should I expect during recovery after sclerotherapy? Post-treatment, patients may experience mild discomfort or bruising but can usually return to normal activities immediately. Compression stockings may be recommended to aid recovery. How do I know if sclerotherapy is right for me? Consulting with a vascular surgeon is essential to determine if you are a suitable candidate for sclerotherapy based on your specific condition and medical history. References: https://www. healthline. com/health/varicose-veins https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/vein-diseases-varicose-veins/ https://www. sgvascularctr. com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/spider-and-varicose-veins-1. pdf Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Treatment of varicose veins, Treatment of varicose veins Singapore, varicose vein specialist Singapore, Varicose veins, Varicose Veins Doctor Singapore, Varicose veins in legs Singapore, Varicose veins pregnancy Singapore, varicose veins procedure singapore, Varicose Veins Singapore, Varicose veins surgery, Varicose veins surgery Singapore, varicose veins treatment, varicose veins treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: 可选 Veins transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart. In the legs, blood initially gathers in the superficial veins, located just beneath the skin, and is then directed into deeper veins running through the calf muscles. The contraction of the calf muscles plays a crucial role in propelling the blood upward against gravity. To ensure blood flows in the right direction, one-way valves inside the veins prevent backflow. When these valves malfunction, blood accumulates in the superficial veins, causing them to expand and develop a twisted and darkish-blue appearance, a condition known as varicose veins. (image source: https://coremedicalwellness. com/varicose-veins-vs-spider-veins/) The Difference Between Spider Veins and Varicose Veins Spider veins share similarities with varicose veins. Spider veins are smaller and situated closer to the skin's surface. They typically appear as red or blue patterns resembling tree branches or spider webs. Spider veins are commonly found on the legs or face and can cover either a small or large area. Spider veins are visible beneath the skin but do not cause the skin to bulge, unlike varicose veins. Varicose veins are twisted veins that can appear in shades of blue, red, or skin-colored. The larger veins may take on a ropelike appearance and cause the skin to protrude. Varicose veins typically occur on the thighs, the front and back of the calves, or the inner parts of the legs near the ankles and feet. During pregnancy, varicose veins can develop in areas such as the inner thighs, lower pelvic region, and buttocks. The Formation of Varicose Veins Let's explore the gradual progression that leads to the formation of varicose veins, uncovering the key factors and mechanisms at play: Under normal conditions, blood in the veins of the legs flows towards the heart, aided by one-way valves in the veins. Varicose veins develop when these one-way valves in the superficial veins near the skin's surface become weakened or damaged. This can occur due to various factors, including genetics, hormonal changes, and aging. As the valves weaken, they fail to prevent blood from collecting or pooling in the veins, primarily in the legs. This accumulation of blood causes the veins to become enlarged. Prolonged periods of sitting or standing can exacerbate the condition. Inactivity or immobility can lead to blood pooling in the leg veins, resulting in increased pressure within these veins. The heightened pressure inside the veins can cause them to stretch and become elongated. This stretching can weaken the walls of the veins and further damage the already compromised valves. The combination of weakened valves, blood accumulation, increased pressure, and vein stretching results in the characteristic appearance of varicose veins—twisted and often bluish or reddish in color. (image source: https://www. physiciansveinclinics. com/blog/the-stages-of-vein-disease) Common Risk Factors Associated with Varicose Veins Age - Varicose veins become more prevalent as individuals age. Over time, the valves in the veins can wear out, which hinders their ability to prevent blood from flowing backward. This valve dysfunction can lead to blood pooling in the veins, contributing to the development of varicose veins. Gender - Varicose veins are more frequently observed in females. This is partly due to hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy, pre-menstruation, and menopause. These hormonal fluctuations can relax the walls of the veins, making them more susceptible to becoming varicose. Pregnancy - Pregnancy brings about several physiological changes, including an increase in the volume of blood in the mother's body to support the growing fetus. To accommodate this heightened blood volume, the veins expand, and the added pressure can lead to the development of varicose veins in the legs. Family History - Family history plays a significant role in the likelihood of developing varicose veins. Individuals with a strong family history of varicose veins are at a higher risk of experiencing the condition themselves. Genetic factors can influence the integrity of vein valves and overall vein health. Obesity - Being overweight or obese places additional pressure on the veins, especially in the lower extremities. Excess body weight can impede proper blood flow in the veins and exacerbate the risk of varicose veins. Standing for Prolonged Periods - Occupations or activities that require prolonged periods of standing can lead to poorer blood flow in the leg veins. When you stand for extended durations, it can be more challenging for blood to circulate efficiently, potentially contributing to varicose vein formation. (image source: https://www. whattoexpect. com/pregnancy/pregnancy-health/best-home-remedies-varicose-veins-pregnancy/) Understanding the Link Between Pregnancy and Varicose Veins Varicose veins during pregnancy can be attributed to several factors. Hormonal changes also affect the circulatory system. The growth of the baby places increased pressure on blood vessels in the pelvis. The blood flow in both the pelvic region and the legs can increase, leading to increased blood pressure as your body adjusts to the pregnancy. Furthermore, the overall increase in blood volume in the body during pregnancy exacerbates the situation. These combined forces make it challenging for blood to flow against gravity from the legs back to the heart. Whether you have varicose veins or if you are at risk of developing this condition, it is important to take note of the following symptoms: Swollen and enlarged networks of red, purple, or blue vessels A persistent sensation of heaviness or swelling in your legs Aching in your legs Skin discoloration or darkening around the veins Itchy skin around the veins If you experience these symptoms, it is best to contact a vascular surgeon. They can investigate the issue, provide advice, and help you decide on a treatment plan. It's all about taking care of your vascular health for your long-term wellbeing. The Importance of Vascular Surgeons in Treating Vascular Conditions in Singapore Vascular surgeons aim to provide methods for screening, diagnosis, and treatment for patients with varicose veins. With the combined results from a clinical physical examination and diagnostic tools such as an ultrasound, they can determine the cause, degree, and extent of varicose veins. They provide patients with options for treatment, which may include non-surgical or surgical methods. The specific type of treatment depends on the complexity of the varicose veins and the overall condition of the patient. (image source: https://www. ithriveveins. com/treatment/diagnostic-venous-ultrasound) Finding a Vascular Surgeon (Varicose Veins Specialist) in Singapore The Vascular & Interventional Centre in Singapore offers minimally invasive treatment for varicose veins. Our vascular surgeons are well-trained in screening, diagnosing, and treating this condition. To find out if the procedure is right for you, you may request a consultation so you can understand your options and choose the best treatment for you. You can contact us at +65 6694 6270 during clinic hours or you can send an e-mail to enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. Examining the Different Treatment Options for Varicose Veins 1. Non-surgical Treatment Options Compression stockings improve blood flow within the leg veins, providing relief from associated symptoms, and impeding the progression of the condition. This can effectively boost blood circulation and alleviate discomfort. This specific treatment option may only be effective on mild cases of spider veins. It's important to explore alternative treatment options, especially in cases of severe varicose veins. 2. Surgical Treatment Options Traditional open surgery for varicose veins is commonly referred to as "high-tie ligation and vein stripping. " This procedure necessitates general anesthesia and typically involves an overnight hospital stay. While it has been a conventional approach, open surgery is often associated with several drawbacks. Patients undergoing this method tend to experience higher levels of postoperative pain, and the recovery process can be slower compared to more modern and minimally invasive alternatives. Generally, open surgical procedures carry increased risks and complications. 3. Minimally Invasive Procedures Minimally invasive procedures offer similar benefits to traditional surgery but come with reduced pain and faster recovery times. These procedures involve small incisions rather than large openings. This technology allows for tiny punctures through which probes are inserted to seal the affected vein. Typically performed as day surgery, this approach allows for a swift return to daily activities without the need for a prolonged hospital stay. It is conducted under local anesthesia or light sedation, utilizing heat, mechanical, or chemical methods to seal the vein efficiently. A. Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA) - Radiofrequency energy is used to heat up and damage the vein wall. A fast and safe outpatient procedure, it takes about 35-40 minutes to perform. B. Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure - A small amount of specially formulated medical adhesive is used to seal the varicose vein permanently. Through the closure of these veins, blood is rerouted to healthy veins located nearby, providing relief. This procedure provides a comfortable experience and typically is completed within 15-20 minutes. C. Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation - This procedure combines the mechanical destruction of the veins and the injection of sclerosant (a chemical used in sclerotherapy that seals off veins). A special catheter is inserted that has a wire rotating at high speed, damaging the innermost layer of the vein (or the venous intima). At the same time, there is the controlled injection of sclerosant which seals off the vein. This is a painless technique which requires a lot less local anaesthetic injection. Additionally, there is no risk of heat-induced to surrounding nerves due to the mechanochemical ablation technique. D. Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs) - Suitable for spider veins, this procedure combines transdermal laser and injection sclerotherapy using a chemical sclerosant, all under skin cool (-20C). It leaves minimal scarring and pigmentation post-surgery. This procedure makes use of the Harmony XL PRO. Using its light, laser, and AFT (Advanced Fluorescence Technology), affected blood vessels beneath the skin are targeted. How to Maintain Results After Varicose Vein Treatment While undergoing treatment from a vascular surgeon can bring relief from the pain, swelling, and cosmetic concerns associated with varicose veins, it's equally important to recognize the significance of follow-up check-ups with these specialized medical professionals. After successful varicose vein treatment, the initial results are often gratifying. Pain diminishes, swelling subsides, and the appearance of veins improves. However, the nature of varicose veins means that they can return, or new ones may develop over time. This is why regular check-ups with a vascular surgeon are highly recommended. Vascular surgeons possess the expertise to monitor your vascular health and detect any potential issues early on. They can evaluate the effectiveness of the initial treatment, identify new problem areas, and recommend appropriate measures to maintain the results achieved. Patients should also follow any guidelines or instructions provided by their vascular surgeon for post-treatment care. FAQs: What causes varicose veins? Varicose veins are primarily caused by weakened or damaged valves in the veins, leading to blood pooling and the veins becoming swollen and twisted. What are the different treatments for varicose veins? Various treatments for varicose veins include minimally invasive procedures like Radio Frequency Ablation, Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure, Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation, Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs), as well as traditional vein stripping surgery. What should I expect during and after the varicose vein treatment? During varicose vein treatment, you can expect to be in a clinic or medical centre setting. Minimally invasive procedures often involve local anesthesia, and the surgeon will use ultrasound guidance to treat the affected veins. After treatment, you'll typically wear compression stockings and follow post-procedure instructions for a smooth recovery. How long does it take to see results from varicose vein treatment? The time it takes to see results from varicose vein treatment can vary depending on the type of treatment and the individual. In many cases, initial improvements in symptoms and appearance can be noticeable within a few weeks to a couple of months. What is the best way to maintain the results of varicose vein treatment? To maintain the results of varicose vein treatment, it's essential to follow your vascular surgeon's recommendations, which may include wearing compression stockings, engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and attending follow-up appointments for monitoring and preventive care. These measures help reduce the risk of varicose veins returning. References: https://www. betterhealth. vic. gov. au/health/conditionsandtreatments/varicose-veins-and-spider-veins https://www. hopkinsmedicine. org/health/conditions-and-diseases/varicose-veins https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/23331-varicose-veins-in-pregnancy https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/vein-diseases-varicose-veins/ Dr Chen Min... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: LYMPHOEDEMA, lymphoedema legs treatment singapore, lymphoedema treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional The Importance of the Body’s Lymphatic System The lymphatic system, often referred to as the body's "sewage system," plays a fundamental role in sustaining our overall health and equilibrium. It operates as a vigilant regulator of fluid levels within our body tissues, efficiently collecting and transporting excess fluids that escape from our blood vessels. This process is essential for sustaining the proper balance of fluids in our body, ensuring tissues receive essential nutrients and oxygen while averting the potential consequences of fluid accumulation, such as swelling and tissue damage. It actively filters out harmful pathogens from lymph fluid, partaking in the general immune response, while also coordinating the actions of immune cells and antibodies to combat precise threats. (https://www. researchgate. net/publication/362318010_Nanomaterial-Based_Drug_Delivery_System_Targeting_Lymph_Nodes/figures? lo=1) Introduction to Lymphoedema Lymphoedema is a condition characterized by tissue swelling due to the buildup of protein-rich fluid, usually drained through the lymphatic system. While it commonly affects the limbs, it can also impact other body areas. Lymph nodes, which filter lymph fluid and are vital components of the lymphatic system, can be damaged or removed during cancer treatments, leading to lymphoedema. This condition can hinder limb movement, increase the risk of infections, and cause skin problems. Treatment options include compression therapy, massage, pneumatic pumping, skin care, and, in severe cases, surgical interventions to alleviate swelling or create alternative drainage pathways. Lymphoedema treatment is readily accessible in Singapore. (https://www. lymphaticdrainage. co. nz/lymphoedema) Symptoms of Lymphoedema Lymphoedema manifests through various symptoms that primarily involve swelling, which can affect different parts of the body. Swelling often occurs in the arms and legs, including the fingers and toes, as well as in the head and neck region. This swelling can lead to a persistent feeling of heaviness and aching in the affected areas, accompanied by a tightening of the skin. Individuals with lymphoedema may also experience fatigue and fluid leakage through the skin. The condition can further hinder basic movements, making tasks more challenging. Additionally, due to impaired lymphatic drainage, there is a heightened risk of more frequent infections and the development of chronic wounds, which underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and appropriate management. Causes and Types of Lymphoedema Lymphoedema can arise from various causes and risk factors, categorized into primary and secondary lymphoedema. Primary lymphoedema, although rare, typically results from congenital absence or the failure of the lymphatic system to function properly from birth. In some cases, individuals may present with swollen limbs at birth, while others may experience symptoms during their teenage years, indicating delayed primary lymphatic failure. On the other hand, secondary lymphoedema is more common and often occurs because of medical interventions or conditions. Surgery, particularly lymph node removal during procedures like breast cancer surgery and axilla lymph node clearance, can disrupt lymphatic drainage, leading to secondary lymphoedema. Similarly, radiation therapy targeting lymph nodes in areas like the groin or pelvis can also damage the lymphatic system. Additionally, recurrent skin infections, such as cellulitis, have the potential to impair lymphatic drainage, contributing to the development of secondary lymphoedema. Understanding these causes and risk factors is crucial for both diagnosis and management of lymphoedema. (https://www. lymphcare. com/na-en/what-is-lymphedema/causes-and-types-of-lymphedema/) Risk Factors of Lymphoedema Several risk factors contribute to the development of lymphoedema. Firstly, advancing age plays a role, as the lymphatic system experiences natural degeneration with age, diminishing its efficiency in managing lymphatic fluid. Additionally, unhealthy body weight and obesity pose significant risks, as fat exerts pressure on lymphatic vessels, impairing their ability to drain lymph, and in some cases, leading to complete obstruction. In rare instances, lymphoedema can emerge as a complication of certain inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid, adding another layer of complexity to its potential causes. Diagnosis of Lymphoedema Diagnosing lymphoedema involves a comprehensive process that includes several key steps. First and foremost, obtaining a detailed medical history is essential, focusing on the duration of limb swelling. It is crucial to exclude other potential causes of limb swelling, such as underlying vein diseases, muscle and soft tissue infections, or recent injuries. To further refine the diagnosis and distinguish between primary and secondary lymphoedema, as well as assess the extent of the condition, a specialized imaging test called lymphoscintigraphy may be conducted. This thorough diagnostic approach ensures an accurate assessment and appropriate management of lymphoedema. (https://onlinelibrary. wiley. com/doi/10. 1002/jso. 25526) Treatment Options for Lymphoedema In addressing lymphoedema, the primary objective of treatment is to alleviate limb swelling and restore optimal functionality. Two components of this treatment approach are lymphatic drainage massage and compression dressings, which have demonstrated significant effectiveness in reducing swelling. However, it's important to note that both of these treatments require regular and consistent application. (https://www. pebbleuk. com/graduated-compression/) In recent years, there have been advancements in the treatment of lymphoedema. These newer therapies encompass surgical interventions aimed at improving lymphatic drainage. This involves surgically connecting blocked lymph drainage channels to small veins, a technique known as lymphovenous bypass. Additionally, lymph node transplants to the affected limb have emerged as another option. These surgical interventions offer promising avenues for enhancing the management of lymphoedema. (https://www. english-mominoki-shinryosho. net/lva-lymphatic-venous-anastmosis/) Benefits of Lymphoedema Treatment Seeking treatment for Lymphoedema offers several significant benefits. Left untreated, Lymphoedema can result in the gradual and progressive swelling of affected tissues, which can become increasingly uncomfortable and limit mobility. However, undergoing appropriate treatment can effectively alleviate this pain and reduce swelling, significantly improving an individual's overall quality of life. Moreover, treatment can help minimize the risk of recurrent and potentially serious infections, which are common complications of untreated Lymphoedema. In Singapore, many individuals grappling with Lymphoedema have experienced these advantages firsthand, underscoring the value and importance of seeking and benefiting from Lymphoedema treatment. Health Implications of Lymphoedema Lymphoedema can potentially lead to a range of health issues. First, it heightens the risk of infections in the swollen area as the body's infection-fighting cells struggle to access and protect that specific region. Additionally, wounds in areas affected by Lymphoedema may exhibit delayed healing. Emotionally, Lymphoedema can evoke feelings of distress, depression, embarrassment, or anger. Furthermore, the joints in the affected body part might become stiff or painful. These combined effects underscore the importance of managing and seeking treatment for Lymphoedema to mitigate these potential health challenges. (https://www. compasstherapeutic. com/stages-of-lymphedema/) Management & Lifestyle Considerations for Lymphoedema Effective management of Lymphoedema revolves around two key principles: preventing infections and facilitating the unobstructed flow of fluids through the swollen area. To prevent infections, it's crucial to maintain skin hygiene by keeping it clean and adequately moisturized. In the event of a minor cut or abrasion, prompt cleaning, the application of antibacterial ointment, and securing with a bandage are essential precautions. Avoiding needle sticks, such as vaccines or blood tests, in the swollen area is also imperative to minimize infection risks. (https://www. lymphatica. com. au/lymphoedema-management) In terms of promoting unrestricted fluid flow, it's advisable to steer clear of tight-fitting clothing or jewelry that might constrict lymphatic pathways. If Lymphoedema affects one arm, it's advisable to have blood pressure measurements and blood drawn from the unaffected arm. Additionally, when experiencing swelling in an arm or leg, elevating it above heart level whenever possible can aid in fluid drainage and alleviate symptoms associated with Lymphoedema. These proactive measures are essential components of a comprehensive strategy for effectively managing Lymphoedema and enhancing overall well-being. Questions to Ask Your Doctor about Lymphoedema Treatment What is the underlying cause of my lymphedema? What are the available treatment options for my lymphedema? How can I prevent infections and complications related to lymphedema? Are there lifestyle changes or exercises that can help manage my lymphedema? What can I expect in terms of long-term management and prognosis? Remember that open and honest communication with your vascular surgeon is crucial for effective lymphedema management. These questions can serve as a starting point for a conversation about your condition and its treatment for your well-being. Finding the Right Lymphoedema Specialist in Singapore The Vascular & Interventional Centre has a team of quality vascular surgeons, well-versed in endovascular and surgery treatments for all vascular-related diseases. Our team of specialist doctors and staff strive to provide patients with holistic care in a fully integrated clinic and Day Surgery Centre for a wide variety of vascular conditions. You can contact us at +65 6694 6270 (WhatsApp) or send us an email at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. FAQs What is lymphoedema? Lymphoedema is a condition characterized by tissue swelling due to the buildup of protein-rich fluid, often stemming from lymphatic system disruptions. It can impact various body areas, hinder limb movement, increase infection risk, and prompt skin issues. Treatment options range from compression therapy to surgical interventions, with accessible treatment options available in Singapore. Where can I contact a lymphoedema specialist in Singapore? The Vascular & Interventional Centre in Singapore has a team of vascular surgeons and staff experienced in various vascular-related diseases and treatments. They offer a wide range of services at their integrated clinic and Day Surgery Centre. Contact them at +65 6694 6270 (WhatsApp) or via email at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. What are the symptoms of lymphoedema? Lymphoedema manifests through swelling in different body parts, including limbs, head, and neck. Symptoms include aching, skin tightening, fatigue, and fluid leakage. It can limit mobility and increase infection risk. Timely diagnosis and management are crucial. What are the treatment options for lymphoedema? Lymphoedema treatment aims to reduce limb swelling and enhance functionality through methods like lymphatic drainage massage and compression dressings. Recent advancements include surgical interventions like lymphovenous bypass and lymph node transplants, offering promising avenues for management. What are the benefits of lymphoedema treatment? Seeking lymphoedema treatment provides several advantages, including reduced swelling, improved mobility, and lower infection risk. Treatment can significantly enhance overall quality of life, highlighting its importance for individuals in Singapore dealing with lymphoedema. References https://www. cdc. gov/cancer/survivors/patients/lymphedema. htm https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/lymphoedema/ https://www. nhs. uk/conditions/lymphoedema/ Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Aortic aneurysm - Translation Priorities: Optional An Overview of Aortic Aneurysm The aorta plays a critical role in the circulatory system as the largest and main artery in the body. Its primary function is to carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and distribute it to various parts throughout the body like the liver, stomach, intestines, and kidneys. The aorta originates directly from the heart's left ventricle, the chamber responsible for pumping oxygen-rich blood into the aorta. This blood is then propelled through the aorta's various segments to supply the entire body with the necessary nutrients and oxygen for proper functioning. An aortic aneurysm occurs when a weakened area of the aortic wall becomes dilated or ballooned, potentially causing the vessel to expand beyond its normal size. The pressure of the blood flowing through the aorta can push against the weakened wall, causing it to bulge outwards. This condition is particularly dangerous because the stretched and weakened wall is more susceptible to rupture, leading to internal bleeding. Aneurysms can develop in various segments of the aorta, leading to different types: (https://www. researchgate. net/publication/265128530_Inflammatory_Disease_of_the_Aorta_Patterns_and_Classification_of_Giant_Cell_Aortitis_Takayasu%27s_and_Non-Syndromic/figures? lo=1) Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA): Aneurysm that occurs in the chest portion of the aorta. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): Aneurysm that forms in the abdomen. Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm (TAAA): Aneurysm that spans both the thoracic and abdominal segments of the aorta. Aneurysms are particularly concerning because they can remain asymptomatic and undetected until they grow to a critical size or rupture. Small aneurysms may not pose an immediate threat, but as they enlarge, the risk of rupture increases. A ruptured aortic aneurysm is a medical emergency and can lead to severe internal bleeding, shock, and potentially death if not promptly treated through surgical intervention. Symptoms of Aortic Aneurysms Severe and enduring pain in the chest, abdomen, back, or lower limbs could signal an aortic aneurysm's presence due to pressure on nearby tissues. A persistent fever may indicate infection or inflammation linked to the aneurysm. An abdominal aortic aneurysm can create a pulsating sensation in the abdomen due to the aneurysmal wall's expansion with each heartbeat. Reduced blood flow from an aneurysm could lead to gangrene or dark, discolored patches on the toes, which might indicate tissue damage. Remember, these symptoms may vary from person to person, and some aneurysms might not cause any noticeable symptoms until they become more serious. If you suspect an aortic aneurysm, seek medical attention from a vascular surgeon for proper evaluation and guidance even if there are no symptoms. (https://www. preventionhealthscreenings. com/portfolio-item/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening/) Common Causes and Risk Factors of Aortic Aneurysms Chronic Smokers - Chronic smokers are strongly advised to consult a vascular surgeon due to their heightened risk of aortic aneurysm development linked to the weakening effects of tobacco. Older than 65 Years, Predominantly Males - Those aged over 65, particularly males, should seek a vascular surgeon's consultation considering their increased vulnerability to aortic aneurysms. Long-Term Hypertension and/or Heart Disease - Individuals with prolonged hypertension and/or heart disease should consult a vascular surgeon due to their elevated risk of aortic aneurysms from potential strain on blood vessel walls. Congenital Soft Tissue Diseases - Those with congenital conditions like Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or Loeys-Dietz syndrome should consult a vascular surgeon owing to genetic factors that heighten susceptibility to aortic aneurysms. Strong Family History of Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections - Individuals with a strong family history of aortic aneurysms and dissections should consult a vascular surgeon to address the hereditary predisposition and consider appropriate screening measures. Individuals with these risk factors should consider consulting a vascular surgeon for aortic aneurysm assessment and guidance. Early detection and management can help mitigate the risks associated with aneurysm development, potentially preventing complications such as rupture and ensuring overall cardiovascular health. Diagnosis And Tests for Aortic Aneurysm Aortic aneurysms are diagnosed through clinical examination, where a throbbing abdominal mass can be felt, and confirmed with imaging tests such as ultrasound scans or CT scans. Often discovered incidentally during routine checkups, these aneurysms may develop without symptoms. For individuals at high risk or exhibiting symptoms, imaging tests like CT scans create detailed cross-sectional images, while ultrasounds use sound waves for non-invasive visualization of the aorta, aiding accurate diagnosis and assessment of the aneurysm's size, properties, and characteristics. (https://www. researchgate. net/publication/328756585_Use_of_3D_Printing_in_Preoperative_Planning_and_Training_for_Aortic_Endovascular_Repair_and_Aortic_Valve_Disease/figures? lo=1) Treatment Options for Aortic Aneurysm Traditional Surgical Repair Open Surgical Repair is a conventional and traditional approach for treating aortic aneurysms. In this method, long incisions are made in the chest/abdominal wall to directly access the aneurysm and repair it. While this method is robust, it carries substantial risks of complications and even death due to its invasive nature. It's typically recommended for younger patients with lower surgical risk. Following surgery, patients often require intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring for about a week, and the overall recovery period can range from one month to six weeks. This method's longer recovery time and higher risks have led to its limited use, especially in comparison to newer, less invasive treatments. (https://www. vascularhealth. gr/en/vascular-procedures/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-open-repair) Minimally Invasive Repair Minimally Invasive Repair offers a modern approach to treating aortic aneurysms through a less invasive procedure known as EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR). This method uses special stents designed to hold the vessel open. The procedure involves making small (approximately 1cm) incisions in the groin to access the femoral arteries in the leg. Through these incisions, the stent-grafts are inserted and guided to the site of the aneurysm using X-ray guidance (fluoroscopy). The stent-grafts are positioned to reline the vessel and exclude the aneurysm from the arterial blood pressure circulation. (https://www. drameetoswal. com/aortic-stent-graft/) The Advantages of EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR) EVAR is particularly suitable for older patients or those with multiple medical conditions that result in additional surgical risks. Its minimally invasive nature allows for the procedure to be performed under local anaesthesia and mild sedation. Unlike open surgical repair, EVAR patients typically don't require an extended ICU stay. They are often up and moving within 8 hours after the procedure and can be discharged from the hospital as early as 48 hours post-surgery. In some cases, younger and healthier patients can even be discharged on the same day as the procedure, offering a quicker recovery compared to more invasive approaches. Prognosis for People with an Aortic Aneurysm By closely monitoring and providing appropriate medical interventions, your vascular surgeon can assist you in effectively handling an aortic aneurysm. The aim is to detect and address the aneurysm before it reaches a point of rupture. In the event of an aortic aneurysm rupture, it is crucial to promptly seek medical attention. Without timely intervention, a ruptured aortic aneurysm can have fatal consequences. FAQs: How can a vascular surgeon help in treating an aortic aneurysm? A vascular surgeon can assist in treating an aortic aneurysm by providing specialized care and interventions. They can monitor the aneurysm's progression and recommend suitable treatment options based on the patient's condition and lifestyle. The goal is to prevent aneurysm rupture, which could lead to life-threatening internal bleeding. What is an aortic aneurysm? An aortic aneurysm is a medical condition where a weakened area of the aortic wall becomes dilated or ballooned, causing the blood vessel to expand beyond its normal size. This can lead to dangerous consequences, as the stretched and weakened wall becomes more susceptible to rupture, potentially resulting in severe internal bleeding. What are the symptoms of an aortic aneurysm? Symptoms of an aortic aneurysm include severe and enduring pain in the chest, abdomen, back, or lower limbs, persistent fever, pulsating sensation in the abdomen, and reduced blood flow leading to potential tissue damage or gangrene in the toes. Unfortunately, many of the symptoms manifest late in the disease when potentially life-threatening rupture has occurred. It is imperative that individuals with risk factors for developing an aortic aneurysm, be screened for the presence of one even if there are no symptoms. How can an aortic aneurysm be diagnosed? Aortic aneurysms are diagnosed through clinical examination, and imaging tests like ultrasound scans or CT scans, with incidental discovery during checkups, enabling accurate assessment of the aneurysm's characteristics and size. What are the treatment options for aortic aneurysm? Traditional Surgical Repair involves Open Surgical Repair, a conventional approach for treating aortic aneurysms through chest wall incisions to access and repair the aneurysm, but its invasiveness brings substantial risks and a longer recovery period, especially for younger patients; Minimally Invasive Repair, on the other hand, offers a modern alternative using EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR), a less invasive procedure utilizing special stents inserted through small incisions in the groin to exclude the aneurysm from blood pressure circulation under X-ray guidance. References https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/aortic-aneurysm/ https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/16742-aorta-aortic-aneurysm https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/symptoms-causes/syc-20350688 Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Aortic aneurysm - Translation Priorities: Optional What is an aortic aneurysm? An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a condition in which the aorta, the principal artery of the body that is responsible for transporting oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the lower body, becomes enlarged and bulges outward. This ailment manifests itself largely in the abdominal region. When an aneurysm becomes too large, it presents a serious health risk because the weaker aorta has a greater risk of rupturing, which can result in fatal bleeding. The extent of the aneurysm and the rate at which it is expanding will determine the best course of treatment. Aneurysms may require medical intervention, depending on the severity of the aneurysm and the overall condition of the patient. In some instances, in order to treat an aneurysm without resorting to open surgery, vascular surgeons use a technique known as EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR). (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) Common Causes of Aortic Aneurysms A screening test for aortic aneurysms is strongly suggested for people who fit into certain categories of risk factors for the condition. People who regularly smoke cigarettes regularly have a higher chance of developing aneurysms because tobacco use can damage blood vessels, making them more prone to the development of aneurysms. Second, because ageing is a major contributor to the development of aneurysms, people over the age of 65, and especially men, should consider getting screened. People who have a history of hypertension and/or heart disease are also at a higher risk because of the strain that these disorders can exert on the aorta. In addition, people who have congenital soft tissue diseases such as Marfan's syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or Loeys-Dietz syndrome should be tested, as these abnormalities can cause connective tissues throughout the body, including those in the aorta, to become more fragile. Lastly, having a strong family history of aortic aneurysms and dissections is a significant risk factor. This highlights the importance of undergoing routine screening to identify any potential difficulties as early as possible and successfully manage those that do arise. (https://gesund. bund. de/en/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm) Symptoms of an Aortic Aneurysm Aortic aneurysms are sometimes known as “silent killers” as they usually do not cause any signs or symptoms until a sudden life-threatening rupture occurs. Thus it is imperative that anyone with known risk factors should visit a Vascular surgeon to be screened for the presence of an aortic aneurysm even before there are any signs or symptoms. If you find yourself experiencing symptoms including persistent and severe pain in areas like the chest or abdomen it should raise immediate concern and it is imperative that you promptly seek emergency medical attention, as these could be signs of an impending aortic aneurysm rupture. Diagnosis and Tests for Aortic Aneurysm The diagnosis of an aortic aneurysm typically begins with a clinical examination conducted by a vascular surgeon. During this examination, the doctor may use their hands to carefully feel the abdomen for any abnormalities. In the case of an aortic aneurysm, they may detect a throbbing or pulsating mass in the abdominal area. This pulsation may not always be detected, especially in individuals with a higher BMI as the increased amount of abdominal visceral fat can obscure the pulsation from an enlarged aorta. While a clinical examination can strongly suggest the presence of an aneurysm, further diagnostic confirmation is crucial. Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in this regard. Two common imaging techniques used to confirm the diagnosis are ultrasound scans and CT (computed tomography) scans. An ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging technique that utilizes high-frequency sound waves to create detailed images of the body's internal structures. This method is widely utilized for initial screening and can provide valuable information about the aneurysm's characteristics. In cases where a more detailed and comprehensive assessment is required, a CT scan may be recommended. This imaging technique combines X-ray technology with computer processing to produce cross-sectional images of the body. A CT scan provides a highly detailed view of the aorta and any aneurysm present, allowing vascular surgeons to assess the size, shape, and exact location of the aneurysm. (https://www. topdoctors. co. uk/medical-articles/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-treatment) Types of Aortic Aneurysms The three main regions where aortic aneurysms may occur are the chest (thoracic), the abdomen, and the region between the chest and abdomen (thoracoabdominal). Each of these locations presents unique challenges and potential complications: Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA): A thoracic aortic aneurysm occurs in the portion of the aorta that runs through the chest. It can involve the ascending aorta (the section that leaves the heart) or the descending aorta (the section that extends through the chest). 2. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): An abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs in the abdominal portion of the aorta, below the diaphragm. It is one of the most common type of aortic aneurysms. 3. Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm (TAAA): A thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm extends through both the chest and abdominal portions of the aorta. It involves a complex anatomical region. (https://www. uofmhealth. org/conditions-treatments/thoracic-aortic-aneurysm) In its early phases, when it is still relatively tiny in size, an aneurysm does not immediately provide a threat to the patient's health. However, if the aneurysm continues to expand, the walls of the aorta or its lower branches may become thin and lose their ability to stretch. This might cause the aorta to rupture. It is possible that the areas of the wall that have been weakened will no longer be able to withstand the force and pressure of blood flow. It is possible for such an aneurysm to rupture, which would result in serious internal bleeding and ultimately death. Treatment options for aortic aneurysm Two primary methods for repairing aortic aneurysms exist: Open Surgical Repair and Minimally Invasive Repair (EndoVascular Aortic Repair or EVAR). Open Surgical Repair is the traditional approach involving extensive abdominal incisions. It's carries higher morbidity and mortality risks, making it suitable mainly for fitter, lower-risk patients. In contrast, Minimally Invasive Repair, or EVAR, utilizes covered stent-grafts inserted through small incisions, relining the artery and excluding the aneurysm from blood circulation under X-ray guidance. EVAR is a suitable option for older patients or those with multiple health issues who face greater surgical risks. It can be performed under local anesthesia and mild sedation, typically without the need for ICU care. Patients are often mobile within hours and can be discharged within 48 hours, with some younger and fitter patients even leaving on the same day. The choice between these methods depends on factors like patient age, overall health, and surgical risk. (https://radiology. wales/evar/) Procedures for Follow-Up Care After Treatment After treatment for an aortic aneurysm, continuing follow-up care for the rest of the patient's life is absolutely necessary. Patients, particularly those who have persistent risk factors such as smoking and hypertension, may develop new aneurysms in various places. It is vital to engage in regular follow-up in order to check for these potential complications and evaluate the integrity of treatments such as endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). This often entails repeated ultrasound and CT scans to detect any difficulties, including leaks around covered stent grafts, and provide timely intervention if it becomes necessary. Knowing When to Seek Medical Help It is important to take note that symptoms are usually a late presentation indicating impending rupture of the aneurysm, and a Vascular surgeon consult should be sought before any symptoms manifest to have good outcomes. If in the unfortunate event that you experience persistent and severe pain in the chest, abdomen, or lower limbs, a pulsating mass in the abdomen, or the onset of gangrene in the toes, please seek emergency medical attention, as these symptoms may be indicative of an impending aortic aneurysm rupture. Benefits of Early Detection and Treatment The identification of an aortic aneurysm in its early stages carries with it a number of important advantages. It makes it possible for vascular surgeons to intervene in a timely manner, which reduces the risk of the aneurysm becoming larger and maybe rupturing. Second, smaller aneurysms are frequently more receptive to less intrusive treatment alternatives, such as endovascular aortic repair (EVAR), which can lead to speedier recovery times and lower post-operative problems. Third, endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is a relatively new option that has been shown to be effective. Fourth, early detection enables vascular surgeons to closely monitor the growth of the aneurysm, which ensures that appropriate therapies are initiated whenever necessary. This is especially important for individuals who are at a high risk of experiencing complications from the condition. Lastly, it gives patients the opportunity to make required lifestyle changes to lower the risk of subsequent aneurysm development, eventually improving their long-term health outcomes. Post-treatment recovery and lifestyle considerations Activities - After surgery, rest when needed, prioritize sleep for recovery, and gradually increase walking. Avoid strenuous activities, including heavy lifting, and support your belly when coughing or taking deep breaths. Diet - It is important to follow your vascular surgeon’s instructions for your meal plan or diet. Patients sometimes experience changes in appetite that will usually improve as time goes by. It is important to consult your vascular surgeon if no bowel movement occurs after a couple of days. Medications - Follow your vascular surgeon’s medication instructions and restart regular medications as advised. Complete prescribed antibiotics and take pain medication as directed. Be cautious with over-the-counter pain medicines and avoid combining them. Incision Care - Keep the incision clean and dry to minimize infection risk and ensure proper healing. Follow-up care as recommended is vital for your recovery and safety. FAQs: What is an aortic aneurysm? An abdominal aortic aneurysm is the enlargement and bulging of the body's main artery, the aorta, typically in the abdomen. A larger aneurysm poses a serious risk of rupture, which can be life-threatening. Treatment options vary based on the aneurysm's size and growth rate, with small, slow-growing aneurysms monitored, and larger ones potentially requiring surgery. Minimally invasive techniques like EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR) may be used to address some aneurysms without major surgery. What are the common causes of aortic aneurysm? Screening for aortic aneurysms is strongly recommended for individuals with specific risk factors. This includes chronic smokers, individuals over 65, particularly males, those with a history of hypertension or heart disease, individuals with congenital soft tissue disorders like Marfan's syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and those with a strong family history of aortic aneurysms. Routine screening is crucial for early detection and effective management of potential issues. What are the symptoms of aortic aneurysm? It is important to take note that symptoms are usually a late presentation indicating impending rupture of the aneurysm, and a Vascular surgeon consult should be sought before any symptoms manifest to have good outcomes. If in the unfortunate event that you experience persistent and severe pain in the chest, abdomen, or lower limbs, a pulsating mass in the abdomen, or the onset of gangrene in the toes, please seek emergency medical attention, as these symptoms may be indicative of an impending aortic aneurysm rupture. What are the methods for diagnosing aortic aneurysm? Diagnosing an aortic aneurysm begins with a clinical examination, which can detect a pulsating mass in the abdomen, a crucial indicator. Confirming the diagnosis involves advanced imaging, such as ultrasound and CT scans. Ultrasound offers initial screening, using sound waves to create images showing the aneurysm's size and location. For more detailed assessments, CT scans provide precise cross-sectional images, aiding treatment decisions. What are my treatment options for aortic aneurysm? Two primary methods for repairing aortic aneurysms exist: Open Surgical Repair involves extensive abdominal wall incisions, suitable mainly for fitter, lower-risk patients, but with higher morbidity and recovery times. In contrast, Minimally Invasive Repair (EVAR) uses covered stent-grafts through small groin incisions, suitable for older or higher-risk patients, with shorter recovery times. References www. cdc. gov/heartdisease/aortic_aneurysm. htm https://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/health/aortic-aneurysm/symptoms https://www. webmd. com/heart-disease/heart-disease-aortic-aneurysm https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: best pain management doctor in singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Introduction to Pain Management & Treatment Interventional pain management is a multidisciplinary approach that utilizes minimally invasive techniques to alleviate or mitigate pain, ultimately enhancing patients' overall quality of life. These techniques can effectively address a range of pain-related issues, including knee pain from osteoarthritis, lower back pain due to conditions like spinal stenosis or slipped discs, shoulder pain stemming from osteoarthritis or rotator cuff injuries, neck pain, and headaches. This is a guide that will help you understand the basics of pain management so you can find the best pain management doctor in Singapore. (https://www. kauveryhospital. com/news-events/march-the-pain-clinic-a-communal-care-for-pain-2019) Common Types of Pain & Causes Interventional pain management techniques can be applied to address discomfort in several areas of the body and conditions such as: (https://yourfamilymedical. com/why-do-doctors-send-you-to-pain-management/) Knee pain – to manage issues like osteoarthritis. Lower back pain - relief for conditions such as spinal stenosis, slipped discs, and vertebral fractures. Shoulder pain - caused by conditions like osteoarthritis, adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder), and rotator cuff injuries. Neck pain and headaches Patients may experience the following symptoms which are common indicators of pain: The discomfort, pain, or ache experienced in the joints, often caused by inflammation, overuse, or injury. A feeling of stiffness or difficulty moving a specific body part. The abnormal enlargement or swelling of a body part, typically due to inflammation or fluid accumulation. Pain, tenderness, or discomfort when pressure is applied to a specific area, indicating sensitivity or inflammation. A grinding or creaking feeling while moving, often indicative of cartilage wear or joint damage. Sources of Pain: Common Risk Factors You Should Know Pain can stem from a multitude of sources, from the natural aging process to family history and lifestyle choices like high BMI or sports injuries. Recognizing these common risk factors empowers individuals to proactively address and manage discomfort in their lives. As we age, our bodies may sustain more damage, which can cause discomfort. Our body may not function as well as it once did. Being overweight can strain your body, especially your knees and back joints. You may experience pain or discomfort when some portions of your body are inflamed, such as when a joint becomes swollen. You might be more prone to specific conditions if your parents or family had the same condition. If you have certain medical conditions, such as diabetes or arthritis, you may experience pain. These ailments may have unpleasant effects on your health. Pain may come from injurious sources, like sustaining an injury while participating in sports or other physical activities. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350772) Pain Management Treatment Options and Diagnostic Procedures Treatments in interventional pain management encompass day-surgery and minimally invasive procedures, merging medical and physical therapy. The usual approach employs imaging techniques like X-ray guidance (fluoroscopy), ultrasound, or CT guidance to precisely target the root of the pain. Additionally, our team collaborates with allied health professionals and fitness instructors to assist patients in pain management both before and after surgery. It's important to note that the treatment plan is tailored to individual factors such as the patient's condition and lifestyle. 1. Knee Pain Conventional osteoarthritis management typically includes the use of medications, physical therapy, injections into the affected joint, and, in some cases, eventual knee joint replacement surgery. Minimally invasive interventional pain management for knee pain, often performed as outpatient day surgeries, is advantageous for patients who don't respond to medication and physical therapy and aren't ready for knee replacement surgery. Treatment options include genicular nerve ablation, genicular artery embolization, and knee joint injection of Autologous Protein Solution (APS), derived from the patient's blood to relieve symptoms. (https://txvwi. com/genicular-artery-embolization/) 2. Back Pain Non-surgical nerve block treatments encompass a range of medical injections aimed at alleviating pain either outside the spinal cord or at the pain site. These include epidural injections, facet joint injections, nerve root injections, peripheral nerve blocks, sympathetic nerve blocks, radiofrequency ablation, chemical ablation (Ultrasound-Guided Sclerotherapy), and percutaneous discectomy for relieving pressure on spinal nerves or the spinal cord. These treatments aim to alleviate symptoms brought by spinal stenosis, slipped disc, and vertebral fractures. (https://health. clevelandclinic. org/need-pain-relief-consider-radiofrequency-ablation/) 3. Shoulder Pain Minimally invasive treatments for shoulder conditions include suprascapular nerve ablation, which uses radiofrequency waves to target shoulder nerves, shoulder artery embolization to block blood flow to pain-triggering areas, and shoulder joint injections of steroids or Autologous Protein Solution (APS) for anti-inflammatory relief. These treatments are beneficial for patients diagnosed with shoulder osteoarthritis, rotator cuff injuries, and frozen shoulder, providing effective pain management. 4. Headache, Chronic Facial and Neck Pain Headaches, a prevalent health concern that impacts one's quality of life, are experienced by many individuals. Another condition, persistent idiopathic facial pain, manifests as severe and persistent pain along the trigeminal nerve area. Similarly, neck pain is a common issue, with pain potentially radiating down an arm, leading to muscle weakness or a tingling sensation. Treatments for these conditions include non-surgical nerve blocks, including epidural injections, facet joint injections, nerve root injections, peripheral nerve blocks, and sympathetic nerve blocks, offering solutions for these discomforting conditions. When to Seek Help from a Pain Specialist When patients encounter persistent or severe pain that does not subside after undergoing basic treatments like over-the-counter pain medications or traditional therapies like physical therapy, they should think about consulting a pain specialist. A pain specialist may also be helpful for people whose pain seriously affects their ability to function or quality of life, or for people who have been diagnosed with a particular ailment that causes pain (such as osteoarthritis, nerve compression, or persistent migraines). A Multidisciplinary Approach to Helping Patients Interventional Pain Management is a multidisciplinary approach that combines various medical disciplines and therapies to effectively address and manage pain, with the goal of enhancing patients' overall quality of life. Pain specialists work collaboratively with a team, including allied health professionals, physical therapists, psychologists, and others. This team aims to create a comprehensive pain management plan tailored to each patient's unique needs. These techniques aim to reduce pain, improve function, and enhance the well-being of individuals struggling with chronic or severe pain conditions. (https://www. tucsonspineforms. com/services/mutltidisciplinary/) Questions Should You Ask Your Pain Management Specialist When meeting with a pain management specialist, it's crucial to inquire and seek clarification to establish a thorough comprehension of your condition and treatment plan. This process will empower you to make well-informed decisions regarding your health. Here are some questions to ask during your consultation: What is the root cause of my pain? How will this condition affect my daily life? What is the most suitable treatment for my condition? How much would this treatment cost? Is this covered by my insurance? What precautions can I take to prepare for this treatment? Should I adjust my lifestyle to better manage this condition? Finding an Interventional Pain Management Specialist in Singapore The Vascular & Interventional Centre has a team of experienced vascular surgeons specializing in both endovascular and surgical treatments for various vascular diseases. Their integrated clinic and Day Surgery Centre offer comprehensive care for a wide range of vascular conditions. Their approach focuses on understanding patients' medical conditions and selecting the most appropriate treatment options. Additionally, their interventional pain management method utilizes minimally invasive techniques, guided by imaging, performed as outpatient day surgeries, allowing for a swift return to normal activities. If you are experiencing persistent pain that affects your daily life, don’t hesitate to reach out. Contact us today at SG Vascular Centre to schedule a consultation with one of our experienced pain management specialists. You can send us any questions at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com or by calling us at +65 6694 6270 during office hours. FAQs: What is interventional pain management? Interventional Pain Management is a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach that combines different medical disciplines and therapies to create personalized pain management plans for patients, aiming to improve their quality of life by reducing pain and enhancing function. This approach involves a team of specialists working together, including physical therapists, psychologists, and other healthcare professionals, to address chronic or severe pain conditions. What tests and diagnostic procedures can a pain management doctor perform? Interventional pain management treatments involve outpatient day-surgery and minimally invasive procedures that integrate medical and therapy. Typically, these procedures utilize imaging methods such as fluoroscopy, ultrasound, or CT guidance to accurately pinpoint the source of the pain. When should I seek medical attention for my condition? If you experience intense pain that persists despite trying common remedies such as over-the-counter pain relievers or conventional treatments like physical therapy, it is advisable to consider seeking guidance from a pain specialist. It is especially beneficial for those whose pain significantly impairs their daily functioning or quality of life, or for individuals diagnosed with specific conditions causing pain, such as osteoarthritis, nerve compression, or chronic migraines. What should I ask during a consultation with a pain management doctor? Questions to ask include:What is causing my pain? What are my treatment options, and which is the most suitable? What are the costs involved, and is it covered by insurance? Are there any precautions or lifestyle adjustments I should consider? How can I find a pain management doctor in Singapore? The Vascular & Interventional Centre offers specialised care with experienced vascular surgeons and a multidisciplinary team. Their interventional pain management techniques are minimally invasive, guided by imaging, and performed as outpatient day surgeries for a quicker recovery. Contact them at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com or call +65 6694 6270 for more information. What should I expect during my first visit? During your first consultation, our specialists will review your medical history and discuss your symptoms in detail. How long does recovery take after treatment? Recovery times vary by treatment type but typically range from a few days to several weeks. Are there any risks associated with interventional pain management? As with any medical procedure, there are risks involved; however, our team will discuss these with you beforehand. References: https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/interventional-pain-treatments/ https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/treatments/21514-pain-management https://www. webmd. com/pain-management/pain-management-treatment-overview Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Radiofrequency ablation for pain treatment Singapore, Radiofrequency for pain treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Exploring Chronic Pain and Pain Management Chronic pain is a persistent type of pain that lasts for more than three months. It can be caused by various factors, including injury, illness, or underlying medical conditions. Chronic pain can have a significant impact on a person's lifestyle, making it challenging to work, sleep, socialize, and engage in activities they enjoy. It can also lead to mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. (https://texasspecialtyclinic. com/blogs/chronic-pain-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/) Pain management aims to reduce and manage discomfort and pain. The main objective of pain management is to improve a person's quality of life by reducing or eliminating pain, enhancing overall wellbeing, and increasing function and mobility. There are many different methods and techniques in this field that can be used to treat different kinds and intensities of pain. Radiofrequency ablation for pain treatment is available in Singapore for those seeking relief from pain. The Science Behind Radiofrequency Radiofrequency waves are a form of energy that can be used to heat tissue. When radiofrequency waves are applied to a nerve, they cause the nerve to heat up. This heat can damage the nerve cells, which can prevent them from sending pain signals to the brain. Your surgeon will regulate the level of heat administered to the nerve so as to avoid damaging nearby healthy nerves. Radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive procedure, which means that it is done with small incisions and less risk of complications compared to traditional surgery. (https://scorthogroup. com. au/our-services/radiofrequency-ablation/) What is Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)? Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a heat-based technique used to treat chronic pain in areas like the neck, lower back, or joints when other treatments have failed. It involves directing radio waves through a needle to heat specific nerve areas, preventing pain signals from reaching the brain. In Singapore, radiofrequency ablation, also known as neurotomy, is conducted as a minimally invasive outpatient procedure, eliminating the need for overnight hospital stays. Chronic pain, which can last up to months at a time, can significantly impact daily life. Radiofrequency ablation is a valuable option for managing pain by disrupting the communication between nerves and the brain's pain processing center, offering relief for those suffering from chronic pain. While this treatment can yield significant benefits, its outcomes depend on a patient’s specific medical condition and their individual response to the procedure. It is important to seek guidance from a vascular surgeon to assess the suitability of radiofrequency ablation for addressing a specific chronic pain condition. The Step-by-Step Process for Radiofrequency Ablation Diagnosis, Assessment, and Preparation - Before undergoing RFA, you will undergo tests to pinpoint the specific nerve responsible for your pain and confirm that it can be targeted with this procedure. This involves injecting small amounts of numbing medicine into the painful areas to assess whether your pain significantly diminishes. These areas will serve as the target sites for the RFA procedure. Needle Insertion - A needle is inserted through the skin into the specific site, precisely targeting the affected nerves. Local anesthesia is administered to ensure your comfort during the procedure. You will remain conscious, which allows for continuous monitoring of the treatment's effectiveness. Guidance with Imaging - RFA is performed in conjunction with imaging techniques such as CT or X-ray scans. This imaging guidance enables your vascular surgeon to accurately locate the injection site and guide the needle to the precise area where you are experiencing pain. Activation of Radio Waves - Once the needle is correctly positioned, radio waves are activated at the targeted nerve site. These radio waves generate heat, which is a key component of the RFA process. Post-Procedure - After the RFA procedure, you may experience temporary weakness or numbness at the insertion site due to the local anesthesia. This sensation typically lasts for a few hours. In the days following RFA, you should notice a reduction in the pain you were experiencing. (https://paininjuryrelief. com/radiofrequency-ablation-recovery-time/) Effects of Radiofrequency Ablation Treatment & Pain Conditions Treated with RFA Radiofrequency ablation can alleviate lower back pain, as well as discomfort in areas like the hips, neck, and knees, with the primary objective of reducing the pain experienced by individuals. It has also shown effectiveness in relieving arthritis-related pain. It's important to understand that while this procedure offers relief, it is not a permanent solution to chronic pain. Even so, it can significantly enhance your comfort and overall quality of life. To explore your options for radiofrequency ablation and determine its suitability for your condition, it's advisable to consult with a surgeon who specializes in interventional pain management. They can provide you with a thorough evaluation and guide you through the process of making informed decisions about managing your chronic pain effectively. Recovery Times Immediately following the procedure, patients should not operate heavy machinery or make significant changes to their plans for the day, but they should be able to transport themselves home without any issues. A light pressure dressing is typically applied, which can be removed in the following days. Most patients can return to work within 24 hours of the surgery and resume activity gradually. However, RFA can cause some post-procedural discomfort. Those who undergo a radiofrequency ablation procedure can anticipate varying amounts of discomfort, also known as "soreness" or "achiness" following the procedure itself, or as the painful nerve fibers "die off". Recovery times range depending on the amount of "soreness" caused in that specific procedure. The timeline detailed below illustrates typical recovery; however, each patient progresses and responds differently, which may cause recovery rates to be longer than the average. Some patients may require more time before returning to normal activity due to factors like age, nutritional status, function, or a previously existing condition that might delay healing. Instead, physicians will continue to monitor their patients' progress and can make adjustments to their treatment plan as appropriate. It is important to follow all post-operative instructions, including refraining from doing anything beyond the tolerated "soreness", to avoid serious complications, as they are uncommon with this procedure. A follow-up appointment is generally scheduled two weeks following the operation. Patients will be given a long-term appointment schedule after they are released. The Advantages of Radiofrequency Ablation in Singapore Radiofrequency ablation is a day surgery procedure, which means that patients can return home without needing an overnight hospital stay. Additionally, this treatment has a low risk profile, which makes it a very safe choice for patients. It has been proven effective in providing long-lasting relief from chronic pain, allowing individuals to regain their quality of life. Lastly, patients can resume their regular daily activities without substantial downtime after just 24 hours. Aftercare Tips After a Radiofrequency Ablation Procedure After a radiofrequency ablation procedure, most patients can walk immediately and leave the centre after a brief monitoring period. Pain may last up to several days or weeks, often due to residual effects or muscle spasms. Typically, patients resume normal activities, including work, within 24 to 72 hours, and pain relief is usually noticeable within several days, though the timing may vary. It's important to schedule a follow-up appointment with your surgeon to evaluate the procedure's effectiveness and discuss future treatment plans and expectations. Questions to Ask Your Vascular Surgeon About Radiofrequency Ablation During your consultation with a surgeon, you can engage in a thorough discussion to manage your expectations about your condition and treatment. You may ask the following questions: How can radiofrequency ablation help alleviate my symptoms? Am I a suitable candidate for radiofrequency ablation? If I am not a suitable candidate for radiofrequency ablation, what are my other treatment options? What are the risks and complications associated with radiofrequency ablation? How long do the effects of radiofrequency ablation last? How should I prepare for radiofrequency ablation treatment? Should I follow any lifestyle considerations after treatment? How much does this treatment cost? Does my insurance cover this procedure? Aside from radiofrequency ablation, should I undergo any other treatments? What should I do if I still experience pain after undergoing the procedure? FAQs: How does radiofrequency ablation work? Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a heat-based technique used to treat chronic pain in areas like the neck and lower back. It involves directing radio waves through a needle to heat specific nerve areas, preventing pain signals from reaching the brain. How long does an RFA procedure take? This would depend on the treatment site and the number of procedures performed. Normally, the patient can return home after a brief monitoring period. What is the step-by-step process for radiofrequency ablation? It begins with a diagnosis, assessment, and preparation phase, involving tests to identify the target areas for the treatment. A needle is then inserted into the affected nerve site, aided by imaging techniques, and local anesthesia is administered. Radio waves are activated at the precise location, generating heat to disable the targeted nerve. After the procedure, temporary numbness or weakness at the injection site may occur, but in the days following RFA, patients typically experience a noticeable reduction in their pain. What conditions can be treated by radiofrequency ablation? Radiofrequency ablation can alleviate lower back pain, as well as discomfort in areas like the hips, neck, and knees. Patients who experience chronic or long-term pain in these areas can potentially benefit from radiofrequency ablation. What are the benefits of radiofrequency ablation? Radiofrequency ablation is a safe day surgery procedure that offers long-lasting relief from chronic pain, allowing patients to return home without overnight hospital stays and resume normal activities within 24 hours, significantly improving their quality of life. References: https://www. sgvascularctr. com/radiofrequency-ablation/ https://www. hopkinsmedicine. org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/radiofrequency-ablation https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/treatments/17411-radiofrequency-ablation https://www. mayoclinichealthsystem. org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/radiofrequency-ablation-pain-relief Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: benign tumor treatment, benign tumor treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional What is a benign tumor? A benign tumor can be described as a non-cancerous, collection of abnormal cells. Uterine fibroids are an example of a benign tumor that develops in the uterus. It affects a significant percentage of women, with estimates suggesting that up to 40-50% of women have them by the age of 35. Some women may have a single fibroid, while others may have multiple. Many women may have uterine fibroids without experiencing any noticeable symptoms. Benign tumor treatment for uterine fibroids is readily available in Singapore. These fibroids come in four different types, categorized by their location within the uterus and can vary greatly in size, from tiny seedlings to large masses that can alter the shape and size of the uterus: Subserosal Fibroids form on the outer layer of the uterus and extend outward as they continue to grow. Intramural Fibroids are the most common type of fibroids. These form within the uterine wall and expand inward. Submucosal fibroids are one of the less common types of fibroids. These emerge within the uterine cavity, often leading to heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding. Pedunculated fibroids grow on stalks or stems, with these stalks attaching to the uterine wall. They can either protrude outside the uterus or grow within the uterine cavity. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/multimedia/fibroid-locations/img-20006761) What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids? Uterine fibroids can lead to various symptoms, but it's important to remember that people experience them differently. Common symptoms include: An abnormal menstrual cycle with heavy or frequent periods. Painful periods and severe menstrual cramps. Discomfort during sexual intercourse Frequent urination or difficulties emptying the bladder completely. Sharp, acute, or severe pelvic pain. A swollen or bloated abdomen. . The severity and combination of these symptoms can vary greatly among women. If you suspect uterine fibroids, consult a vascular surgeon for proper evaluation and management. What are the causes and risk factors associated with uterine fibroids? Age - Uterine fibroids are more likely to develop during a woman's reproductive years. Heredity - A family history of fibroids, especially among close female relatives, increases the risk of developing this condition. Early onset of menstruation - Women who start menstruating at a young age could be at a higher risk of developing fibroids. Obesity - Being overweight has been associated with an increased risk of uterine fibroids. Conditions: Women with a vitamin D deficiency have an increased risk of developing uterine fibroids in their lifetime. Lifestyle - Heavy alcohol consumption and smoking may contribute to fibroid growth. No Pregnancy History - Women who have never been pregnant may have a slightly higher risk of developing fibroids. Do uterine fibroid symptoms go away after menopause? Menopause is associated with a decrease in symptoms for uterine fibroids primarily due to hormonal changes. As women approach menopause, the decline in estrogen and progesterone levels causes existing fibroids to shrink and new ones to stop forming. Even so, not all symptoms may disappear entirely, and individual experiences can vary. Consulting a vascular surgeon for appropriate management is advisable for those with uterine fibroids. How are uterine fibroids diagnosed? The primary diagnostic methods for uterine fibroids are ultrasound scans of the uterus, with CT scans used when multiple fibroids are suspected. These imaging techniques help identify fibroid presence, size, and location, guiding treatment decisions effectively. 1. Ultrasound, also known as sonography, uses a transducer to send and receive sound waves as they bounce off tissue boundaries within the body. The resulting information, based on the speed and direction of these waves, is processed by a computer to create two-dimensional images on a screen, enabling non-invasive visualization of internal structures. (https://www. google. com/url? sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww. scielo. br%2Fj%2Frb%2Fa%2FGNm7PJByn3ZK5km4GXmfwCK%2F%3Fformat%3Dpdf%26lang%3Den&psig=AOvVaw0G8IrZm5FEp4Y5PE2ty3YB&ust=1694750225524000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBMQ3YkBahcKEwi4iafbmqmBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQEQ) 2. Computed tomography, or CT, involves rotating a narrow x-ray beam around a patient to generate cross-sectional images called tomographic slices. These slices are then digitally stacked by a computer to create detailed three-dimensional images, aiding vascular surgeons in identifying structures and potential abnormalities with precision. (https://www. ogmagazine. org. au/19/1-19/fibroid-uterus-unusual-cause-intraperitoneal-haemorrhage/) What are the treatment options for uterine fibroids? Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) involves accessing the arteries through either a groin or radial artery puncture. A catheter is then directed using fluoroscopy, a form of x-ray technology, to target the arteries supplying blood to the uterus and fibroids. Subsequently, tiny particles or microspheres are injected into these arteries, effectively interrupting the blood supply to the fibroids. As a result, the fibroids typically begin to shrink and decrease in size following the procedure. (https://modernvascular. com/ufe/) Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a suitable treatment for women who meet the following criteria: You are a woman aged 35 years or older. You are not currently pregnant. You have been previously diagnosed with uterine fibroids. You are currently experiencing symptoms such as heavy and excessive bleeding, pelvic pain, cramping, bloating, or frequent urination. You are seeking a non-surgical treatment for uterine fibroids that allows you to retain your uterus. Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is an alternative choice to open surgery for uterine fibroids. It's minimally invasive with faster recovery, fewer complications, and preserves the uterus. Consulting a healthcare provider is crucial to determine the best treatment based on individual needs and fibroid characteristics. What are the benefits of Uterine Fibroid Embolization? Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive procedure that effectively reduces uterine fibroids. It only requires local anesthesia, numbing a specific area rather than inducing full sedation with paralysis, and leaves no scarring, unlike traditional surgical techniques. Post-procedure discomfort is typically less than that experienced after surgery. It is an excellent choice for those seeking to preserve their uterus instead of opting for a hysterectomy, with approximately 85-90% of women experiencing significant symptom relief. Recovery is quicker compared to traditional surgery, often completed as a same-day procedure without the need for an overnight stay, and it carries a reduced risk of infection in comparison to conventional open surgery. What should I do after undergoing Uterine Fibroid Embolization? Regular check-ups with your vascular surgeon are crucial. You should notify your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms after the procedure. Fortunately, women who undergo Uterine Fibroid Embolization typically resume normal activities shortly after the procedure, with post-operative recovery recommendations to avoid strenuous activities and follow medical guidance. This treatment often provides long-term benefits such as reduced menstrual bleeding and alleviating fibroid-related symptoms that disrupt daily life. What questions should I ask my vascular surgeon? When consulting with a vascular surgeon, you should ask questions to help you understand your condition, treatment options, and the recommended course of action. What are the treatment options available for this condition? Is Uterine Fibroid Embolization suitable for me and my condition? What should I do to prepare for the procedure? Do I need to stop taking any medications in order to prepare for the procedure? What can I expect during the procedure? How long does the procedure last? What is the recovery period for the procedure? Will Uterine Fibroid Embolization affect my fertility and menstrual cycle? How much does this procedure cost? Does my insurance cover this procedure? FAQs: What are benign tumors? A benign tumor is a growth of cells that are non-cancerous. It does not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. While it may still require medical attention or removal, it typically poses a lower health risk compared to malignant (cancerous) tumors. What are uterine fibroids? Uterine fibroids, a common type of benign tumor in the uterus, affect a significant percentage of women, with estimates suggesting a prevalence of up to 40-50% by age 35. They can vary in number and size, often without causing noticeable symptoms, but treatment options are readily available in Singapore, with fibroids categorized into four types based on their location and size within the uterus. What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids? Uterine fibroids can manifest with various symptoms, including abnormal menstrual cycles with heavy bleeding, painful periods, discomfort during sex, frequent urination or bladder issues, and pelvic pain. Additionally, they may lead to abdominal swelling or bloating. What are the causes and risk factors of uterine fibroids? Uterine fibroids are more likely to develop in a woman's reproductive years, with risk factors including heredity, early onset of menstruation, obesity, vitamin D deficiency, heavy alcohol consumption, smoking, and a lack of pregnancy history. A family history of fibroids, particularly among close female relatives, is also associated with an increased risk. What are some benign tumor treatments? Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses catheterization via a groin or radial artery puncture to target the arteries supplying blood to uterine fibroids. By injecting tiny particles into these arteries, the procedure interrupts the blood supply to the fibroids, leading to their shrinkage and reduction in size. Am I a suitable candidate for Uterine Fibroid Embolization? Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is an appropriate treatment for women aged 35 or older who have a prior diagnosis of uterine fibroids and are not pregnant. It is especially suitable for those experiencing symptoms like heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, cramping, bloating, or frequent urination, and who prefer a non-surgical option that preserves their uterus. How can I get more information about benign tumor treatment in Singapore? For more information about treatment plans for uterine fibroids and other vascular conditions, contact Vascular & Interventional Centre at +65 6694 6270 to get started with your wellness journey. Our experienced team at Vascular & Interventional Centre look forward to providing you with accessible and effective care to keep your vascular health in check. References: https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/22121-benign-tumor https://www. radiology. ca/article/how-does-ultrasound-work/ https://health. clevelandclinic. org/uterine-fibroids-after-menopause/ https://www. sgvascularctr. com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-uterine-fibroids-in-singapore/ Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Aortic aneurysm - Translation Priorities: Optional What is an aortic aneurysm? The aorta is a crucial component of the human circulatory system, serving as a major blood vessel that plays a fundamental role in delivering oxygen-rich blood to various parts of the body. The aorta can be thought of as the main highway of the circulatory system, carrying freshly oxygenated blood away from the heart and distributing it to the different regions and cells that require oxygen and nutrients to function properly. (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) An aortic aneurysm happens when a section on the aorta's wall protrudes and bulges outwards, similar to a balloon. This condition can manifest either in the chest (thoracic aneurysm), at various points along the aorta, such as in the abdomen (abdominal aortic aneurysm), and between the chest and abdomen (thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm). These complications may include not only aortic aneurysms but also aortic dissections. An aortic dissection is a condition where a tear develops in the aorta's wall, allowing blood to flow between its muscle layers and splitting it into two channels instead of one. This disruption can impair blood flow to vital branches and organs supplied by the aorta, such as the intestines, kidneys, and legs, potentially leading to organ failure and severe health complications. Common Causes and Risk Factors of Aortic Aneurysm Conditions involving the aorta, including aortic aneurysms and dissections, can be triggered by various factors. High blood pressure, which exerts increased force on artery walls, can weaken them over time. Genetic conditions, such as Marfan's Syndrome, can compromise the body's ability to produce healthy connective tissue, making the aorta more susceptible to stretching. Additionally, high cholesterol and atherosclerosis can lead to plaque buildup, causing inflammation in and around the aorta and other blood vessels. Inflammatory conditions like vasculitis can also contribute. Traumatic events, such as car accidents, are a potential risk. Smoking plays a significant role, with chronic smokers constituting a substantial portion of abdominal aortic aneurysm cases. Those at higher risk often include older males with a history of long-term hypertension or heart disease, individuals with congenital soft tissue disorders, and those with a family history of aortic aneurysms and dissections. These factors collectively underscore the importance of proactive health management and lifestyle choices in preventing aortic complications. (https://gesund. bund. de/en/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm) Symptoms of an Aortic Aneurysm & When to Seek Medical Attention Aortic aneurysms are sometimes known as “silent killers” as they usually do not cause any signs or symptoms until a sudden life-threatening rupture occurs. Thus it is imperative that anyone with known risk factors should visit a Vascular surgeon to be screened for the presence of an aortic aneurysm even before there are any signs or symptoms. If you find yourself experiencing symptoms including persistent and severe pain in areas like the chest or abdomen it should raise immediate concern and it is imperative that you promptly seek emergency medical attention, as these could be signs of an impending aortic aneurysm rupture. Diagnosis and Tests for Aortic Aneurysm Diagnosing an aortic aneurysm typically involves clinical examination, where the aneurysm can be detected as a pulsating mass in the abdomen. Further confirmation is achieved through ultrasound or CT scans. Routine exams are recommended especially for men aged 65+ years old who are chronic smokers. Other risk factors include those with long-term hypertension and/or heart disease, congenital soft tissue diseases like Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, and those with a family history of aortic aneurysms and dissections. (https://www. topdoctors. co. uk/medical-articles/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-treatment) If a small aneurysm is identified, the vascular surgeon will monitor its size and prevent potential complications. For larger aneurysms, surgical intervention or stenting may be necessary, depending on their location and severity, highlighting the importance of early detection and appropriate medical guidance in managing this condition. Types of Aortic Aneurysms Aortic aneurysms, abnormal bulges or weaknesses in the aorta, can occur in various regions of the body. One common location is in the chest, known as a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA). In the abdomen, an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) can develop. The Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm (TAAA) spans between the chest and abdomen. (https://www. uofmhealth. org/conditions-treatments/thoracic-aortic-aneurysm) These conditions pose serious health risks and may require medical intervention to prevent potentially life-threatening complications. Treatment Options for Aortic Aneurysm Treatment options for abdominal aortic aneurysms can be broadly categorized into two main approaches. The first is Open Surgical Repair, a method involving the creation of a long incision on the abdominal wall. While this approach is the traditional method, it comes with high risks due to its invasive nature. Therefore, Open Surgical Repair is typically recommended for fitter patients with lower surgical risk. Recovery after open surgery is an intensive process, often necessitating up to a week of care in the intensive care unit (ICU), and patients typically require about one to six weeks to fully recuperate. The second approach is Minimally Invasive Repair, specifically EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR), which utilizes covered stent-grafts. In this procedure, specialized stents are inserted through small (approximately 1cm) incisions in the groin, threading them via the femoral arteries to the site of the aneurysm. These stents effectively reline and exclude the aneurysm from the circulation of arterial blood pressure under the guidance of X-ray imaging (fluoroscopy). EVAR is a more suitable option for older patients or those with numerous underlying health conditions, which increase surgical risks. Notably, EVAR can be performed under local anesthesia with mild sedation. Patients who undergo EVAR typically do not require ICU care and can be up and about within eight hours after the procedure, with discharge occurring 48 hours post-surgery in most cases. In select instances, young and healthy patients may even be discharged on the same day, highlighting the minimally invasive nature and quicker recovery associated with this approach. (https://radiology. wales/evar/) For the most effective treatment tailored to your specific needs, it is advisable to have a thorough discussion with a vascular surgeon who can assess and guide you through your options. Their expertise will help you make an informed decision regarding the best course of action for your condition. Risks of an Aortic Aneurysm Surgery Aneurysm surgery is a life-saving procedure, but it's crucial to be aware of the potential risks and complications associated with it. These can include bleeding, blood clots, and breathing difficulties, which are common concerns during any surgical intervention. Additionally, surgery may carry the risk of damaging nearby organs, such as the intestines, or it could lead to more serious issues like a heart attack or stroke. Infection can occur in the graft used in the surgery or in other parts of the body, such as the lungs, urinary tract, or abdomen. Kidney failure, nerve damage, and even spinal cord injuries are also possible but relatively rare complications. It's important to have a detailed conversation with your vascular surgeon about these risks, as their likelihood can vary based on your individual health condition. While surgery is never entirely risk-free, your medical team will prioritize safety and employ every available measure to ensure a safe procedure. Preparing for Recovery at Home Consider taking the following steps in advance of your surgery to get ready for your recovery at home: Set up a comfortable living space on the first floor to minimise risks, stock up on essential supplies and pre-made meals, ensure that your phone and its charger are easy to access. If you live alone, make arrangements for someone to stay with you or help you with your groceries and other needs. If you do not have any family or friends in the area who can help you during your recovery, talk to your healthcare provider about getting recommendations for caregiving services. Seeking help and assistance during your recovery can help you get better and back to your normal life more quickly and independently. Lifestyle Considerations for Proper Recovery To safeguard the investment made in your health through surgery, prioritize your heart and overall well-being by adopting these practices: Follow a heart-healthy diet by reducing salt, sugar, and saturated fat intake while staying well-hydrated. Engage in appropriate exercise recommended by your vascular surgeon. Quit smoking to protect your arteries and overall health. Seek support from your provider by managing conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes through medication adherence and regular check-ups. Consider joining a support group to connect with others in similar situations, aiding in the maintenance of lifestyle changes and providing valuable insights into new resources. FAQs: What is an aortic aneurysm? An aortic aneurysm is a condition where a section of the aorta, the body's main blood vessel, bulges outwards like a balloon. This can occur in the chest (thoracic aneurysm), abdomen (abdominal aortic aneurysm), or between the chest and abdomen (thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm), and it can lead to severe health complications, especially when it causes aortic dissection, where a tear forms in the aorta's wall, disrupting blood flow to vital organs. What are the risk factors of aortic aneurysm? Various factors can trigger aortic issues, including high blood pressure, genetic conditions like Marfan's Syndrome, high cholesterol, atherosclerosis, inflammatory diseases, trauma, and smoking. Older men with a history of hypertension or heart disease, individuals with congenital tissue disorders, and those with a family history of aortic problems are at higher risk. Managing these risk factors and making healthy lifestyle choices are crucial for preventing aortic complications. What are the symptoms of aortic aneurysm? It is important to take note that symptoms are usually a late presentation indicating impending rupture of the aneurysm, and a Vascular surgeon consult should be sought before any symptoms manifest to have good outcomes. If in the unfortunate event that you experience persistent and severe pain in the chest, abdomen, or lower limbs, a pulsating mass in the abdomen, or the onset of gangrene in the toes, please seek emergency medical attention, as these symptoms may be indicative of an impending aortic aneurysm rupture. What are the treatment options for aortic aneurysm? Abdominal aortic aneurysms can be treated through either Open Surgical Repair, which involves invasive incisions and is typically recommended for fitter patients with lower surgical risk but requires a longer recovery period and ICU care, or Minimally Invasive Repair using EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR), which is a more suitable option for older patients or those with higher surgical risks. EVAR is performed with small incisions, allows for quicker recovery, and is often done under local anesthesia. To determine the most effective treatment, it's crucial to consult a vascular surgeon for personalized guidance and assessment. What are the lifestyle considerations for patients who recently underwent treatment for aortic aneurysm? To ensure a proper recovery after surgery, it's essential to adopt a heart-healthy diet, exercise as recommended by your vascular surgeon, quit smoking, manage conditions like high blood pressure and high cholesterol through medication and check-ups, and consider joining a support group for assistance in maintaining lifestyle changes and gaining insights into helpful resources. These practices will help protect your heart and overall well-being, preserving the benefits of your surgical investment. References https://www. cdc. gov/heartdisease/aortic_aneurysm. htm https://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/health/aortic-aneurysm/symptoms https://www. webmd. com/heart-disease/heart-disease-aortic-aneurysm https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: erectile dysfunction venous leak, Venous insufficiency treatment, venous leak blood flow, venous leak causes, venous leak clinic Singapore, venous leak complications, venous leak diagnosis, venous leak management, venous leak minimally invasive treatment, venous leak outpatient treatment, venous leak patient care, venous leak recovery, venous leak specialist Singapore, venous leak surgery Singapore, venous leak symptoms, venous leak therapy, venous leak treatment options, venous leak treatment singapore, venous leak vascular health, venous leak vascular surgeon - Translation Priorities: Optional To maintain a firm erection during sexual intercourse, blood needs to remain in the penis until ejaculation. This is achieved through the constriction of veins, called veno-occlusion, which traps blood in the penis. After climaxing or the end of sexual stimulation, the veins dilate and blood flows back into the body. If the veins don't constrict adequately, blood leaks out of the penis too early, leading to the premature loss of erection. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to achieve and sustain a firm erection for sexual activity, affecting a significant percentage of men. Venous leakage, a common cause of ED, occurs when veins in the penis don't constrict effectively, leading to reduced rigidity during intercourse. How Venous Leak Causes Erectile Dysfunction Erectile dysfunction, impacting approximately one in five men, refers to the inability to achieve or sustain a firm enough erection for sexual activity. Over 80% of erectile dysfunction cases are attributed to venous leak. This condition hinders the ability to maintain an erection despite sufficient arterial blood flow through the penis's cavernosal arteries. The primary issue lies in the excessive outflow of blood through veins (venous leak) in the cavernosal tissue, leading to impaired erectile function during intercourse. (https://www. urologicatlas. theclinics. com/article/S1063-5777%2802%2900029-4/fulltext) Symptoms of Erectile Dysfunction The primary indication of erectile dysfunction (ED) is the incapacity to uphold an erection that is sustained for effective sexual intercourse. Those with ED might encounter challenges in achieving an erection that remains rigid throughout sexual activity, causing the erection to subside. This condition can have a notable impact on sexual performance, emotional health, and overall well-being. The inability to sustain an erection throughout sexual intercourse is a characteristic manifestation of ED, often prompting individuals to seek medical intervention and treatments to address the underlying factors and reinstate normal functionality. Risk Factors and Causes of Erectile Dysfunction Erectile dysfunction (ED) can arise from a variety of causes and risk factors that impact the vascular and psychological aspects of sexual function. Some common underlying factors include conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and peripheral vascular disease, which can impair blood flow to the penis and hinder the ability to achieve and maintain an erection. Excessive stress, both mental and emotional, can also contribute to ED by affecting hormone levels and overall sexual performance. Obesity, often linked with other health conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular problems, can further compound the risk of developing ED. Family history of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the narrowing and hardening of arteries, can increase the susceptibility to ED. Smoking, a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, also significantly heightens the risk of ED by damaging blood vessels and impairing circulation. Additionally, anxiety, whether related to performance or other aspects, can play a role in inhibiting sexual arousal and contributing to erectile difficulties. Collectively, these factors highlight the complex interplay between physical and psychological factors that can lead to erectile dysfunction. A subset of patients develop ED due to venous leak, which is the inability to maintain an erection due to excessive outflow of blood through veins in the cavernosal tissue. The cause of venous leak is poorly understood, but it commonly affects patients of a younger age group (as young as 20 years old), and as such, is believed to be related to genetics. Diagnosing Venous Leak on Erectile Dysfunction Two diagnostic procedures employed to assess the presence and impact of venous leak on erectile dysfunction are Doppler ultrasound and cavernosography. Doppler ultrasound is utilized to meticulously examine the blood flow into and out of the penis. By employing sound waves, this non-invasive procedure provides insights into the velocity and direction of blood flow, aiding in the identification of abnormalities such as inadequate blood retention due to venous leak. On the other hand, cavernosography involves visualizing venous leakage through the use of radiographic contrast. This procedure provides a direct view of the veins draining the penis, and enabling the detection of any abnormalities or excessive outflow that might contribute to the erectile dysfunction. These diagnostic tools collectively play a crucial role in determining the presence of venous leak and its impact on erectile function, facilitating accurate treatment strategies for affected individuals. (https://www. jvir. org/article/S1051-0443%2814%2900046-3/pdf) Overview of Venous Leak Treatment The treatment approach for this condition involves a procedure known as endovascular embolisation, specifically retrograde or anterograde embolisation. This technique targets the periprostatic venous plexus, which is achieved by inserting a slender catheter into either the deep dorsal vein of the penis or the femoral vein. To ensure precision, X-ray fluoroscopy is employed to guide the catheter's positioning towards the targeted vein. During the procedure, small titanium coils and embolic agents are introduced via the catheter to effectively seal off the affected vein or veins. This permanent sealing prevents the problematic blood flow, addressing the underlying issue causing the condition. This method of endovascular embolisation offers a minimally invasive yet effective solution for managing the venous leakage contributing to erectile dysfunction. (https://www. vasculardoctorindia. com/blog/will-the-coils-move-towards-my-heart-and-i-will-die-during-or-after-varicocele-embolization/) Choosing Endovascular Embolisation for Venous Leak The benefits of endovascular embolisation are significant, offering patients a more favorable experience and outcome. With endovascular embolisation, patients can expect: Minimally Invasive Approach - Endovascular embolisation is a minimally invasive procedure performed under light sedation. This means that patients do not require general anesthesia and experience less trauma to the body compared to open surgery. Same-Day Discharge - Patients typically are discharged on the same day from Vascular & Interventional Centre where the procedure is performed. This minimizes the need for an extended hospital stay, allowing patients to recover in the comfort of their own homes. Minimal Pain and Discomfort - The minimally invasive nature of the procedure translates to reduced postoperative pain and discomfort compared to traditional open surgery. This leads to a more comfortable recovery process. No Surgical Scars - Endovascular embolisation involves the insertion of a catheter through a small incision, resulting in no large surgical scars. This aesthetic advantage is particularly appealing to patients who prefer to avoid visible scars. Quick Return to Daily Activities - Due to the nature of the procedure, patients generally experience a quicker recovery period and are able to resume their daily activities sooner than they would after open surgery. Endovascular embolisation offers patients a range of benefits, making it an appealing option for individuals seeking effective and efficient treatment for conditions such as venous leakage contributing to erectile dysfunction. Preparing for Venous Leak Treatment It is crucial to have a consultation with your doctor if you have been diagnosed with venous leak. They will provide you with comprehensive details regarding the operation, its advantages, and any possible hazards. Prior to the treatment, you will be asked to disclose your medical history, including any allergies, prescription drugs, and previous surgeries. Your medical team will advise you on any pre-procedure steps that may be required, such as fasting for a specific amount of time before the surgery. You must adhere to the precise instructions given by your medical team on the day of the surgery, which may include being on time and dressing appropriately. It's also important to prepare for the procedure psychologically and emotionally; talking to your doctor about any worries or inquiries you have will assist to reduce any stress. Long-term Benefits of Venous Leak Treatment Embolisation stands as a transformative treatment for venous leak, offering enduring advantages that reverberate in patients' lives. By sealing off problematic veins with specialized agents, embolisation creates a sustained remedy for erectile challenges, fostering lasting improvements in intimacy and overall well-being. The procedure's minimally invasive nature brings forth a shorter recovery time, minimal discomfort, and an absence of surgical scars, equipping individuals with both physical and emotional relief. Moreover, the reduction in risks associated with invasive surgery underscores embolisation's safety and efficacy. This innovative approach not only addresses the immediate issue but also nurtures a renewed sense of confidence, bolstering relationships and enriching the tapestry of life with vitality and gratification. FAQs: What is Venous Leak and its Impact on Erectile Function? Venous leak is a condition where the veins in the penis fail to constrict properly, causing blood to escape and leading to erectile dysfunction (ED). It prevents the maintenance of a firm erection during sexual activity, affecting sexual satisfaction and performance. How Does Venous Leak Cause Erectile Dysfunction? Venous leak, responsible for over 80% of ED cases, disrupts the balance between blood inflow and outflow in the penis. Despite adequate arterial blood flow, the excessive outflow of blood through malfunctioning veins prevents the penis from staying erect during sexual activity. What are the Symptoms of Erectile Dysfunction? Erectile dysfunction manifests as the inability to sustain a rigid erection throughout sexual intercourse. Individuals with ED struggle to maintain a firm enough erection, impacting their sexual confidence, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life. What is Endovascular Embolisation for Venous Leak Treatment? Endovascular embolisation, a minimally invasive procedure, targets venous leak by sealing off problematic veins using tiny titanium coils and embolic agents. This approach effectively prevents blood leakage and treats the underlying cause of ED, offering a successful solution with minimal discomfort and quick recovery. What are the Long-term Benefits of Venous Leak Treatment? Endovascular embolisation offers lasting benefits by resolving venous leak, improving erectile function, and enhancing intimacy. The procedure's minimally invasive nature ensures a quicker recovery, reduced discomfort, and no surgical scars. These long-term improvements foster confidence and enrich overall well-being. References: https://www. webmd. com/erectile-dysfunction/vascular-disease-ed https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/erectile-dysfunction/symptoms-causes/syc-20355776 Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: How To Prevent Gangrene - Translation Priorities: Optional Introduction to Gangrene: What is Gangrene and How Can it Affect You? Gangrene is a severe and potentially fatal medical condition that arises when blood flow to a specific area of tissue is obstructed, leading to tissue decay and death. This often manifests as a greenish-black discoloration of the affected skin. Gangrene can result from a combination of factors, including poor circulation and bacterial infection, and it primarily affects the limbs but can also occur internally and spread systemically. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a successful recovery, making it imperative to understand how to prevent gangrene in the first place. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/gangrene/symptoms-causes/syc-20352567) Causes of Gangrene: Identifying the Risk Factors Gangrene can be attributed to three primary causes, often exacerbated by underlying health conditions. Firstly, inadequate circulation is a major factor, as it starves body cells of essential oxygen and nutrients over time, ultimately resulting in tissue death. Secondly, bacterial infections play a critical role, particularly in untreated wounds where bacteria multiply, produce harmful toxins and gas, and contribute to tissue demise, a condition known as gas gangrene. Lastly, traumatic injuries, especially those that create deep and sizable wounds, create an entry point for bacteria. Without prompt treatment, these infections can progress to gangrene. (https://www. linkedin. com/posts/dharmesh-davra-642914169_gangrene-vascularproblems-gangreneriskfactors-activity-7053607874391941120-ZpHS) Types of Gangrene: Knowing the Differences Gangrene encompasses various types, each requiring immediate treatment to prevent potentially fatal progression: Dry gangrene, common in individuals with conditions like diabetes or atherosclerosis, results in dry, shriveled, and discolored skin. Wet gangrene involves bacterial infection, leading to blistering, swelling, and pus formation, often seen in diabetic patients with neuropathy. Gas gangrene affects deep tissues and internal organs, initially unnoticed but progressing to skin discoloration and gas accumulation, which can be deadly. Internal gangrene occurs in organs like the intestines due to reduced blood flow, often from conditions like hernias or twisting intestines. Fournier's gangrene, rare and more common in men, affects the genital or urinary tract. Swift treatment is essential for all these forms of gangrene. Diagnosing Gangrene: How to Recognize the Symptoms Gangrene exhibits distinct symptoms based on its type. In dry gangrene, affected areas display shriveled skin, pain, and cold, hard, and numb skin. Conversely, wet gangrene manifests through skin discoloration ranging from red to black, a visible boundary between healthy and damaged skin, blisters with pus, swelling, pain, fever, and even a crackling noise when the skin is touched. If the infection spreads, it can lead to septic shock, marked by confusion, low blood pressure, lightheadedness, fever, a rapid heart rate, and shortness of breath. Complications of Gangrene: Understanding the Risk Factors for Complications Several risk factors contribute to the development of gangrene. Diabetes poses a significant risk as it can damage nerves in the extremities, leading to unnoticed injuries and poor wound care, creating an environment for gangrene to thrive. High blood sugar levels in diabetes also contribute to arteriosclerosis, which hinders blood flow, exacerbating the risk. Additionally, diabetes can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. Narrowed arteries, atherosclerosis, and peripheral artery disease all restrict blood flow, depriving tissues of vital oxygen and nutrients. (https://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/health/atherosclerosis) Smoking promotes atherosclerosis and arterial hardening, further compromising circulation. Serious frostbite can reduce circulation in affected areas, while obesity often leads to vascular-related conditions like diabetes and atherosclerosis, increasing gangrene risk. Raynaud's phenomenon, characterized by narrowed blood vessels in the fingers, can also lead to oxygen deprivation and gangrene. Finally, immunosuppression weakens the immune system's infection-fighting abilities, heightening the risk of gangrene development. Understanding and managing these risk factors is crucial for preventing gangrene, especially for those with diabetes. Diagnosis for Gangrene Diagnosing gangrene involves recognizing the characteristic purplish-black tissue color and the loss of function and sensation in the affected body part. To determine the severity and guide treatment, various tests are conducted. Blood tests analyze for signs of infection, such as an elevated white blood cell count indicating bacterial presence. Imaging tests like CT scans, MRI scans, and X-rays assess infection spread, including gas under the skin, a potential indicator of deadly gas gangrene. Simultaneously, blood vessel scans check for blockages contributing to gangrene. Additionally, cultures are performed, including blood cultures to identify bacteria accurately and assess antibiotic susceptibility, as well as tissue/fluid cultures to pinpoint the specific bacteria responsible for the infection, aiding in appropriate antibiotic prescription. (https://www. researchgate. net/publication/51114139_Gas_gangrene_and_osteomyelitis_of_the_foot_in_a_diabetic_patient_treated_with_tea_tree_oil/figures? lo=1) Treatment Options for Gangrene: What are the Non-Surgical and Surgical Options? Antibiotics are commonly prescribed to combat bacterial infections, administered via IV drips or tablets, depending on the infection's severity. Debridement surgery involves thorough wound cleaning and the surgical removal of dead tissue to promote healing, often accompanied by antibiotic therapy. Angioplasty and stenting procedures restore proper blood flow to supply oxygen and nutrients to affected tissues. (https://coastalvascular. net/treatments/stenting/) 4. Open bypass surgery bypasses blocked blood vessels using grafts to restore circulation. 5. In severe cases, amputation may be necessary to prevent gangrene spread, followed by prosthetic limb fitting and physiotherapy. Post-surgery, Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) devices accelerate healing by creating a conducive environment, removing excess fluids, and drawing wound edges together for faster recovery. This comprehensive approach helps individuals recover from gangrene more swiftly. (https://www. 3m. co. uk/3M/en_GB/Medical-GB/products/negative-pressure-wound-therapy/) Prevention of Gangrene: Practicing Good Hygiene and Taking Necessary Precautions To prevent gangrene and maintain healthy blood flow, especially if you have risk factors like peripheral artery disease or diabetes, focus on a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, blood glucose control, and learning about diabetes-related leg and foot complications. Quit smoking and always protect your feet, never going barefoot outdoors. Practice proper toenail care, daily foot hygiene, and wear well-fitting socks and shoes. Regularly check your feet for injuries or skin issues and have your provider examine them during appointments. These steps are crucial for safeguarding your vascular health and preventing gangrene. Diabetes and Gangrene Prevention: Protect Your Feet and Vascular Health For individuals with diabetes, maintaining foot health is crucial. Annual foot check-ups are recommended, with more frequent checks if additional complications are present. Daily self-examinations for numbness, cuts, swelling, or skin issues are essential. Properly fitting shoes and socks can reduce skin trauma. Weight management is vital to mitigate diabetes-related vascular damage, and smoking cessation is imperative to avoid atherosclerosis and the risk of gangrene. Wound care, alcohol moderation, and regular exercise further support overall vascular health, enhancing blood circulation and reducing gangrene risk. (https://www. diabetes. co. uk/foot-care/foot-checks. html) When to Seek Medical Attention for Gangrene It's essential to maintain regular checkups with your vascular surgeon, especially if you possess risk factors associated with gangrene, like peripheral artery disease. In cases where you exhibit signs or symptoms of gangrene, or experience symptoms indicative of septic shock, immediate medical attention is imperative. Signs of septic shock encompass a rapid yet feeble pulse, confusion or disorientation, dizziness upon standing, cold and clammy pale skin, breathing difficulties, and nausea. Final Words Gangrene is a severe medical condition caused by obstructed blood flow to tissue, resulting in tissue decay and death, often characterized by greenish-black skin discoloration. It can stem from poor circulation, bacterial infection, or traumatic injuries, affecting limbs and internal organs. There are various types of gangrene, each requiring immediate treatment, including dry gangrene, wet gangrene, gas gangrene, internal gangrene, and Fournier's gangrene. Symptoms vary depending on the type but can include pain, skin discoloration, blisters, swelling, and even septic shock in severe cases. Consulting with a vascular surgeon is crucial when dealing with gangrene as they specialize in diagnosing and treating vascular issues, which are often at the root of gangrene. Their expertise is essential for determining the best course of action to improve blood flow and prevent further tissue damage. FAQs: What is gangrene? Gangrene is a life-threatening condition caused by blocked blood flow, leading to tissue decay and often resulting in greenish-black skin discoloration. It primarily affects limbs and internal organs, with prompt diagnosis and treatment being crucial for recovery and prevention. What are the symptoms of gangrene? Gangrene symptoms vary by type; dry gangrene involves pain and shriveled, numb skin, while wet gangrene exhibits skin discoloration, blisters, and swelling, potentially progressing to septic shock if untreated. What are the treatment options for gangrene? Treatment options for gangrene include antibiotics, debridement surgery, angioplasty, bypass surgery, and in severe cases, amputation, followed by post-surgery measures like Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) devices. How can a vascular surgeon help me? Consulting a vascular surgeon is essential for gangrene management, as they specialize in vascular issues, which are often the underlying cause. How to prevent gangrene? Preventing gangrene involves a healthy lifestyle, especially for those with risk factors like diabetes or peripheral artery disease, including proper foot care, smoking cessation, and regular medical checkups. References: https://www. sgvascularctr. com/what-is-a-gangrene/ https://www. sgvascularctr. com/gangrene-diagnosis-and-treatment/ https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/21070-gangrene https://www. sgvascularctr. com/living-with-diabetes-how-to-prevent-gangrene/ Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Aortic aneurysm - Translation Priorities: Optional The Purpose of the Aorta The aorta, a large vessel that begins from the heart and courses through the chest and abdomen, is the principal artery responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body's various organs. As it travels, smaller blood vessels branch off to supply different tissues. Weakening of the aortic walls can lead to bulging, and when this occurs in the abdominal section, it results in an abdominal aortic aneurysm, a potentially dangerous dilation of the artery that requires medical attention to prevent complications. (http://www. gadacanada. ca/aorta-taad) An Overview of the Aortic Aneurysm An aneurysm develops when the walls of an artery lose strength, permitting pressure from within the artery to accumulate and result in the protrusion of a weakened segment of the artery wall. This outward bulge is recognized as an aneurysm. Specifically, an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) denotes a dilation in the main blood vessel, the aorta, responsible for transporting blood from the heart to the body. This artery courses through the torso, supplying blood to vital organs like the liver and kidneys before dividing into two branches to extend down to the legs. Aneurysms carry the risk of rupturing, potentially causing severe internal bleeding that can swiftly become life-threatening. (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) Complications of Aortic Aneurysm Aortic aneurysms present potentially severe complications that necessitate medical intervention. If an aortic aneurysm ruptures, it triggers internal bleeding, the consequences of which vary depending on the aneurysm's location, often posing significant danger and even a threat to life. Swift medical intervention can facilitate recovery from a ruptured aneurysm for some individuals. Unfortunately, for most patients who experience a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, massive life-threatening blood-loss occurs within a span of a few minutes even before medical help can arrive. The ideal time to treat an aortic aneurysm is before any symptoms develop and before it has ruptured. The Three Types of Aortic Aneurysms There are three primary types of aortic aneurysms based on their location within the body. The first type is known as a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) and occurs within the chest area. The second type is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA), which develops in the abdomen. The third type, called a Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm (TAAA), is situated between the chest and abdomen. These distinct types of aortic aneurysms have varying implications for diagnosis, treatment, and management. During the initial phases, when an aneurysm (AA) is still small, it's not an immediate threat to health. However, as the aneurysm keeps getting larger, it can lead to thinning of the aorta's walls or the branches that come off it. This thinning makes them less capable of stretching and accommodating blood flow. The weakened parts of the wall might eventually become too fragile to withstand the force and pressure from the blood circulating through them. This situation could result in the aneurysm rupturing, which in turn could lead to serious internal bleeding and death. Key Risk Factors for Aortic Aneurysms These factors increase the likelihood of developing an aortic aneurysm: People who smoke regularly. Men over 65 years of age. Individuals with high blood pressure or heart problems. People with conditions like Marfan's syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Loeys-Dietz syndrome, which affect the body's connective tissues. Having a strong family history of aortic aneurysms or dissections. Symptoms of an Aortic Aneurysm Aortic aneurysms can manifest with a variety of symptoms that indicate potential health concerns. These include persistent and severe pain experienced in the chest, abdomen, and back, or even extending down to the lower limbs. In some cases, individuals might experience a continuous fever that doesn't subside. One notable sign can be the presence of a pulsating or throbbing mass felt in the abdominal area. Additionally, there might be unusual patches of gangrene developing in the toes, which could be a consequence of compromised blood flow. However most aneurysms are best treated before any symptoms occur and individuals with any of the above risk factors should go for screening to detect any presence of an aneurysm. Diagnostic Procedures for Aortic Aneurysm Diagnosis relies on a clinical assessment where an aneurysm might be palpated as a pulsating mass within the abdomen. To confirm the presence of an aneurysm, medical practitioners often advise undergoing an ultrasound or CT scan. Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves reflected off internal structures to generate real-time images. CT scans utilize X-rays taken from multiple angles to create cross-sectional images, which, when stacked together, provide a 3D view of the body's internal organs and structures. Both imaging techniques play a vital role in diagnosing and monitoring medical conditions. (https://www. ahajournals. org/doi/10. 1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 110. 972018) Traditional Treatment for Aortic Aneurysm: Open Surgical Repair Open Surgical Repair is a traditional approach for aneurysm treatment, involving extensive chest/abdominal wall incisions. It's considered effective but it carries higher risks due to its invasiveness, making it suitable mainly for younger individuals with low surgical risk. Recovery often involves around 1 week of ICU care and takes roughly 4 to 6 weeks for full recuperation. (https://www. kauveryhospital. com/ima-journal/ima-journal-november-2022/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/) Minimally Invasive Treatments for Aortic Aneurysm Minimally Invasive Repair, known as EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR), involves using covered stent-grafts inserted through small groin incisions to treat aneurysms. The stents are placed in the affected area to redirect blood flow, guided by X-rays. EVAR is suitable for older patients or those with multiple health issues and offers the advantage of local anesthesia and mild sedation. Recovery is faster, often without ICU stay; patients are mobile within 8 hours and typically discharged within 48 hours. In certain cases, young and healthy patients may even be released on the same day as the procedure. (https://radiology. wales/evar/) Post-Treatment Recovery and Lifestyle Considerations After aneurysm treatment, ongoing lifelong follow-ups are essential due to the potential for disease progression in other parts of the aorta previously unaffected. Development of thoracic aneurysms following abdominal aneurysms and vice versa is not uncommon, especially if risk factors like smoking and hypertension persist. Follow-up involves regular ultrasound and CT scans, initially every 6 months and later annually. This monitoring is crucial, particularly for patients who have undergone EVAR, as scans help identify potential leaks around the stent graft. Reducing Your Risk of Developing Aortic Aneurysm Preventing AAA (Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm) can be a complex challenge, especially when a family history of the condition is involved. However, taking swift action to consult a vascular surgeon is pivotal. This proactive approach to early detection and appropriate treatment holds the promise of restraining the aneurysm's progression and rupture. Moreover, a range of risk factors can be effectively managed through deliberate steps: Quitting smoking Engaging in regular physical activity and maintaining a balanced, wholesome diet. Monitoring and regulating weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. Exercising moderation in alcohol consumption. FAQ How can a vascular surgeon help in treating an aortic aneurysm? A vascular surgeon can assist in treating an aortic aneurysm by providing specialized care and interventions. They can monitor the aneurysm's progression and recommend suitable treatment options based on the patient's condition and lifestyle. The goal is to prevent aneurysm rupture, which could lead to life-threatening internal bleeding. What is an aortic aneurysm? An aortic aneurysm is a medical condition where a weakened area of the aortic wall becomes dilated or ballooned, causing the blood vessel to expand beyond its normal size. This can lead to dangerous consequences, as the stretched and weakened wall becomes more susceptible to rupture, potentially resulting in severe internal bleeding. What are the symptoms of an aortic aneurysm? Symptoms of an aortic aneurysm include severe and enduring pain in the chest, abdomen, back, or lower limbs, persistent fever, pulsating sensation in the abdomen, and reduced blood flow leading to potential tissue damage or gangrene in the toes. All these symptoms may indicate potential complications with the aneurysm, thus for better outcomes, treatment should sought even before such symptoms begin to manifest. How can an aortic aneurysm be diagnosed? Aortic aneurysms are diagnosed through clinical examination, and imaging tests like ultrasound scans or CT scans, with incidental discovery during checkups, enabling accurate assessment of the aneurysm's characteristics and size. What are the treatment options for aortic aneurysm in Singapore? Traditional Surgical Repair involves Open Surgical Repair, a conventional approach for treating aortic aneurysms through chest/abdominal wall incisions to access and repair the aneurysm, but its invasiveness brings substantial risks and a longer recovery period. Minimally Invasive Repair, on the other hand, offers a modern alternative using EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR), a less invasive procedure utilizing special stents inserted through small incisions in the groin to exclude the aneurysm from blood pressure circulation under X-ray guidance. References https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/7153-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/aortic-aneurysm/ Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: best vascular surgeon singapore, stenting singapore, vascular disease treatment Singapore, Vascular Intervention, Vascular Interventional Treatments in Singapore, Vascular Singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore, Veins centre singapore, Veins Treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional In recent years, Singapore has proposed plans to overhaul its healthcare system in response to its swiftly aging population. This monumental change seeks to cater to the distinct healthcare requirements of the elderly demographic, improve preemptive medical services, and offer enhanced assistance for a variety of health conditions. The government's strategy involves creating innovative care frameworks, harnessing technological advancements, and reinforcing community-based healthcare to ensure top-notch medical services for individuals of all age brackets, considering the shifting demographics. In response to this, healthcare providers are undergoing a comprehensive transformation to better address the specific needs of the elderly population. (https://ctvstexas. com/common-vascular-questions-answered/) The Role of Vascular Surgeons in Singapore’s Ever-Changing Landscape Vascular surgery stands as a critical medical specialty that specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases affecting blood vessels, arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels outside the heart and brain. As Singapore's population undergoes a significant aging trend, the demand for skilled vascular surgeons has seen a notable upswing. This surge is attributed to the rising prevalence of conditions like aortic aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, varicose veins, and kidney failure necessitating dialysis. The complex nature of vascular surgery mandates a specialized skill set and deep expertise to ensure the successful management of such intricate cases. With an array of innovative approaches and medical devices available for interventions, the selection of an adept vascular surgeon is pivotal. This choice can be the deciding factor especially in life and death cases of high-risk conditions like aortic aneurysms or carotid artery disease. As the realm of vascular surgery continues to evolve, experienced surgeons become the bridge between medical interventions and optimal patient outcomes. Types of Procedures Performed by Vascular Surgeons Vascular surgery is a specialized medical field dedicated to addressing issues concerning the blood vessels and circulation that play a crucial role within our bodies. This encompasses the intricate network of arteries and veins, which are responsible for transporting blood throughout the body. Unlike cardiac surgery that focuses on the heart, vascular surgery primarily concentrates on blood vessels situated outside the heart and, for the most part, the brain. This branch of surgery employs an array of techniques to address various vascular conditions. Vascular surgeons are trained extensively to manage these complex conditions with precision and expertise. Their training involves a comprehensive understanding of the intricate anatomy and physiology of blood vessels, enabling them to diagnose and treat a diverse range of vascular conditions. Through rigorous education and hands-on experience, vascular surgeons acquire the skills necessary to perform intricate procedures, utilizing both traditional open surgical approaches and innovative minimally invasive techniques. This training equips them to handle conditions such as aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, venous insufficiencies, and more, ensuring that patients receive tailored care that addresses their unique vascular challenges. As the field continually advances, vascular surgeons stay up-to-date with medical developments, allowing them to provide patients with optimal outcomes in a rapidly evolving medical landscape. Types of Vascular Conditions Treated by Vascular Surgeons in Singapore 1. Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) occurs when arteries supplying blood to limbs narrow due to cholesterol and calcium deposits in arterial walls, leading to inadequate oxygen and nutrient supply. This results in pain in affected areas, as limbs can't function properly. (https://www. cdc. gov/heartdisease/PAD. htm) 2. Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is the inability to maintain a firm erection for sexual activity. Blood must stay in the penis during arousal, achieved through vein constriction. If veins don't constrict enough, an erection can't be sustained, causing difficulty in sexual performance. 3. Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) is a chronic condition affecting women due to weakened valves in lower abdomen veins. This causes blood to flow backward, pooling in pelvic and leg veins, leading to discomfort and pain. (https://www. astraveinvascular. com/pelvic-congestion-syndrome-pcs-treatment/) 4. Uterine Fibroids (UFE) are growths in the uterus, common among women. They are classified by their location within the uterus and can impact reproductive health and cause various symptoms. 5. The aorta, body's largest artery, weakens and balloons outward, forming an Aortic Aneurysm (AA). This can disrupt blood supply to essential organs and pose a serious health risk, demanding medical attention to prevent potential rupture. (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) 6. Varicose Veins (VV) are dilated veins predominantly affecting the legs and which results in pooling of blood in the lower limbs. This causes an increase in the venous pressure in the lower parts of the legs leading to dry itchy skin, hardening and darkening of the skin, and even chronic wounds. (https://www. yarravascular. com. au/condition/varicose-veins/) Diagnostic Procedures Doppler ultrasound: Non-invasive, no radiation exposure; however, its performance reduces in the absence of sufficient acoustic windows, such as in degenerative arterial diseases of the neck. CT angiography: Non-invasive and rapid imaging, useful in conditions such as aortic pathologies, pulmonary embolism, and multi-territory vascular events. MRI: Good soft-tissue imaging, useful in the visualization of carotid and vertebral arteries, aorta (including thoraco-abdominal aneurysms), renal arteries, mesenteric vessels, iliac arteries, and lower limb runoff. Outpatient setting without general anesthesia or iodine contrast, with less potential nephrotoxicity; however, the length of the imaging scan may not be suitable for all patients. Cerebral and spinal digital subtraction angiography: Performed while injecting a contrast agent into selectively catheterized cerebral or spinal vessels, DSA typically provides the clearest visualization of blood vessels in the central nervous system. Accurate definitions of vascular disease are crucial, as these diseases guide treatment decisions. The timeliness of such diagnostic evaluations is increasingly shown to impact patient outcomes. Ongoing advances in diagnostic methodologies include the availability of high-quality cross-sectional computed tomography angiography and MR angiography in assessing the peripheral arteries and veins. MR is an excellent technique for disease evaluation and treatment planning, subsequent to which secondary effects of new or chronic disease as well as potential undiagnosed malignancy may also be evaluated and treated depending on the patient's condition. All of these new technologies have to be interpreted by specialists in this field who can appreciate not only their sensitivity and specificity but also their limitations. Various Treatments for Vascular Conditions Vascular surgeons in Singapore provide a range of treatments to address these conditions. The treatment options can include: 1. An Angioplasty entails the insertion of a deflated balloon into a narrowed or blocked artery. Once in place, the balloon is inflated, causing the artery to widen. This process, known as dilation, helps to alleviate the blockage and enhance blood circulation. Angioplasty is especially effective for conditions like atherosclerosis, where arterial walls accumulate plaque deposits that hinder blood flow. 2. Endovascular Procedures are generally minimally invasive techniques used to treat diseased arteries or veins. Typically, a sheath is inserted into an artery, commonly located in the groin or arm area. Through this sheath, specialized medical instruments like balloons, stents, and catheters are introduced. These instruments allow medical professionals to perform intricate procedures without the need for extensive surgical incisions. Endovascular procedures are versatile and can target a variety of vascular issues. (https://ourheartdr. com/vascular-services/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-aaa/treatment-options-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-aaa/what-is-endovascular-stent-grafting/) 3. Vascular Bypass Surgery involves a surgical intervention where a healthy vein or a synthetic graft is employed to circumvent a blocked segment of an artery. By creating an alternate pathway for blood flow, vascular bypass surgery effectively bypasses the blockage, restoring normal blood circulation. This procedure is typically conducted as an open surgery and is beneficial in cases where other treatment options might not be as effective. (https://mwvascular. com. au/lower-limb-bypass-surgery/) 4. Certain medications are prescribed to prevent the formation of blood clots or to dissolve existing clots within the blood vessels. These pharmacological interventions play a critical role in preventing potentially life-threatening complications like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism. Open Surgery vs Minimally Invasive Endovascular Techniques Vascular surgery encompasses two primary approaches: open surgery and minimally invasive endovascular techniques. Open surgery follows the conventional method, where an incision is made in the skin to reach the problem area. This approach is more intrusive and often requires an extended recovery period due to the nature of the procedure. On the other hand, minimally invasive endovascular techniques involve utilizing a small catheter inserted into the artery or vein to access the targeted region. This method is less invasive compared to open surgery, leading to reduced chances of complications. It generally involves smaller incisions, quicker recovery times, and often leads to less discomfort for the patient. Recovery Times and Outcomes Most surgical procedures require at least a few weeks for recovery to occur. The endovascular procedure usually causes less tissue trauma and has significantly shorter recovery times. After angioplasty, the patient is capable of ambulating almost immediately after the procedure. We recommend that after procedures, patients get up and walk around as soon as possible. The healing process and pain management will vary depending on the size of the access site and the caliber of the graft used. Ultimately, when the vessels heal fully, most do not have to be on any special activity or diet restrictions. We provide detailed post-procedure recovery instructions following your procedure. Immediately following the angiogram or endovascular procedure, the patient will be transferred to the recovery unit or to the special observation unit, which is dedicated to vascular procedures. The registered nurses and physicians will watch the patient carefully. Patients usually spend a night or more in the hospital following any type of procedure. Several factors influence the recovery process, including the patient’s age, overall health, nutritional status, and whether there are any ongoing medical problems present prior to the procedure. There are also differences in outcomes observed with various treatment methods. In these pages, I will provide an overview of symptoms following vascular procedures that are common and can be expected in the majority of patients. We will illustrate the real world with testimonials from patients and their families; in particular, testimonials have been presented for open surgical AAA repair, EVAR, lower extremity bypass surgery, and angioplasty and stenting. We urge you to consider preparing for your recovery just as you did for the procedure itself. Rather than being fully focused on details, taking medications, or providing other care, it will be very beneficial for your overall recovery. The most powerful weapon we have is our minds. If you go into this with a positive attitude, you will have a good recovery; whereas if you go into it with a negative feeling, you quite likely will have a tough go of it. Please read on and let me help you prepare properly. In most cases, patients who undergo endovascular treatment can return to their daily routine shortly after the treatment. It is important to get back to normal activities as soon as possible. The exception to this is when the treatment included the placement of a stent graft and never includes activities that involve heavy lifting. There are risks with all procedures, and in some conditions, with all therapies. However, the placement of a stent graft in a favorable aorta due to a short abdominal aneurysm is the least invasive procedure available and thereby the least risky. Also, in most studies, the benefits of surgery are generally equivalent, regardless of the treatment received. As a result, the risk benefits for the least risky treatment may not be as convincing as for the high-risk procedures. In these low-risk situations, the quality of life issues are particularly important to consider, such as short- and long-term recovery times and the expected instrument durability. For example, the quality of life of an 80-year-old woman can be greatly hampered by a 1-year recovery period from an open surgical aneurysm repair. Key Strategies for Preventing Vascular Diseases Key strategies that could help in preventing vascular diseases are as follows: Making Lifestyle Choices to Prevent Vascular Diseases: There are many risk factors that you have control over by making lifestyle changes. A healthy diet, which is low in saturated fats and cholesterol, high in fiber, and includes plenty of fruits and vegetables, helps to prevent arterial disease. A diet low in salt can help prevent high blood pressure. The amount of physical activity you need to prevent vascular diseases depends on your age.... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Aortic aneurysm - Translation Priorities: Optional 主动脉的作用 主动脉是一条大血管，从心脏开始，穿过胸部和腹部，是负责将富含氧气的血液从心脏输送到身体各器官的主要动脉。 随着血液的流动，更小的血管分支向不同的组织供应血液。 主动脉壁变薄会导致隆起，当这种情况发生在腹部时，就会导致腹主动脉瘤，这是一种潜在危险的动脉扩张，需要就医以预防并发症。 (http://www. gadacanada. ca/aorta-taad) 主动脉瘤概述 动脉瘤的形成是由于动脉壁的强度降低，动脉内的压力积聚，导致动脉壁的薄弱部分突出。 这种向外凸出的现象被认定为动脉瘤。 具体来说，腹主动脉瘤（AAA）是指负责将血液从心脏输送到全身的主要血管主动脉扩张。 This artery courses through the torso, supplying blood to vital organs like the liver and kidneys before dividing into two branches to extend down to the legs. 动脉瘤有破裂的风险，可能导致严重的内出血，并迅速危及生命。 (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) 主动脉瘤并发症 主动脉瘤可能带来严重的并发症，必须进行医疗干预。 如果主动脉瘤破裂，就会引发内出血，其后果因动脉瘤的位置而异，通常会造成重大危险，甚至威胁生命。 迅速的医疗干预可以帮助某些人从动脉瘤破裂中恢复过来。 不幸的是，对于大多数腹主动脉瘤破裂的患者来说，甚至在医疗救援到达之前的几分钟内就会出现大量失血，危及生命。 治疗主动脉瘤的理想时机是在出现任何症状和破裂之前。 主动脉瘤的三种类型 根据主动脉瘤在体内的位置，主要有三种类型。 第一种称为胸主动脉瘤（TAA），发生在胸部区域。 第二种是腹主动脉瘤（AAA），发生在腹部。 第三种称为胸腹主动脉瘤（TAAA），位于胸部和腹部之间。 这些不同类型的主动脉瘤对诊断、治疗和管理的影响各不相同。 在最初阶段，动脉瘤（AA）还很小，不会对健康造成直接威胁。 但是，随着动脉瘤不断增大，会导致主动脉壁或其分支变薄。 这种变薄使其伸展和容纳血流的能力降低。 血管壁薄弱的部分最终可能会变得过于脆弱，无法承受血液循环的力量和压力。 这种情况可能导致动脉瘤破裂，进而导致严重的内出血和死亡。 主动脉瘤的主要风险因素 这些因素增加了患主动脉瘤的可能性： 经常吸烟的人。 65 岁以上的男性。 高血压或心脏病患者。 患有马凡氏综合症、埃勒斯-丹洛斯综合症和洛伊-迪茨综合症等影响人体结缔组织的疾病的人。 有主动脉瘤或主动脉夹层的家族病史。 主动脉瘤的症状 主动脉瘤会表现出各种症状，预示着潜在的健康问题。 这些症状包括胸部、腹部和背部持续剧烈疼痛，甚至延伸到下肢。 在某些情况下，患者可能会持续发烧不退。 一个明显的征兆是腹部出现搏动或跳动的肿块。 此外，脚趾可能会出现不寻常的坏疽斑块，这可能是血流受阻的结果。 不过，大多数动脉瘤最好在出现任何症状之前就得到治疗，有上述任何风险因素的人都应接受筛查，以发现动脉瘤的存在。 主动脉瘤诊断程序 诊断依赖于临床评估，腹部搏动性肿块可能是动脉瘤的触诊表现。 为了确认动脉瘤的存在，医生通常会建议进行超声波或 CT 扫描。 超声波利用内部结构反射的高频声波生成实时图像。 CT 扫描利用从多个角度拍摄的 X 射线来创建横截面图像，将这些图像叠加在一起，就能获得人体内部器官和结构的三维视图。 这两种成像技术在诊断和监测医疗状况方面都发挥着重要作用。 (https://www. ahajournals. org/doi/10. 1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 110. 972018) 主动脉瘤的传统治疗方法：开放式手术修复 开放式手术修复是一种传统的动脉瘤治疗方法，涉及广泛的胸/腹壁切口。 它被认为是有效的，但由于其侵入性而具有较高的风险，因此主要适用于手术风险较低的年轻人。 恢复期通常需要在重症监护室接受 1 周左右的护理，大约需要 4 到 6 周才能完全康复。 (https://www. kauveryhospital. com/ima-journal/ima-journal-november-2022/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/) 主动脉瘤微创疗法 微创修复术被称为 "血管腔内主动脉修复术（EVAR）"，是指通过腹股沟小切口插入有盖支架移植物来治疗动脉瘤。 在 X 射线的引导下，将支架放置在患处，以改变血流方向。 EVAR 适合年龄较大或有多种健康问题的患者，并具有局部麻醉和轻度镇静的优势。 康复速度更快，通常无需入住重症监护室；患者可在 8 小时内行动自如，通常可在 48 小时内出院。 在某些情况下，年轻健康的患者甚至可以在手术当天出院。 (https://radiology. wales/evar/) 治疗后的恢复和生活方式注意事项 动脉瘤治疗后，由于以前未受影响的主动脉其他部位可能出现疾病进展，因此持续的终身随访至关重要。 继腹部动脉瘤之后发展成胸部动脉瘤，反之亦然的情况并不少见，尤其是在吸烟和高血压等风险因素持续存在的情况下。 随访包括定期进行超声波和 CT 扫描，最初每 6 个月一次，之后每年一次。 这种监测至关重要，尤其是对于接受过 EVAR 的患者，因为扫描有助于识别支架移植物周围的潜在泄漏。 降低患主动脉瘤的风险 预防 AAA（腹主动脉瘤）是一项复杂的挑战，尤其是在有家族病史的情况下。 然而，迅速采取行动咨询血管外科医生至关重要。 这种早期检测和适当治疗的积极方法有望抑制动脉瘤的发展和破裂。 此外，一系列风险因素都可以通过有意识的措施得到有效控制： 戒烟 经常参加体育锻炼，保持均衡、健康的饮食。 监测和调节体重、血压和胆固醇水平。 适度饮酒。 常见问题 血管外科医生如何帮助治疗主动脉瘤？ 血管外科医生可以通过提供专业护理和干预来协助治疗主动脉瘤。 他们可以监测动脉瘤的进展情况，并根据患者的病情和生活方式推荐合适的治疗方案。 目的是防止动脉瘤破裂，因为动脉瘤破裂可能导致危及生命的内出血。 什么是主动脉瘤？ 主动脉瘤是主动脉壁薄弱部位扩张或膨胀，导致血管扩张超过正常尺寸的一种病症。 这会导致危险的后果，因为被拉伸和削弱的壁更容易破裂，可能导致严重的内出血。 主动脉瘤有哪些症状？ 主动脉瘤的症状包括胸部、腹部、背部或下肢持续剧烈疼痛，持续发烧，腹部有搏动感，血流减少导致潜在的组织损伤或脚趾坏疽。 所有这些症状都可能预示着动脉瘤的潜在并发症，因此，为了获得更好的治疗效果，应该在这些症状开始显现之前就寻求治疗。 如何诊断主动脉瘤？ 主动脉瘤是通过临床检查和超声波扫描或 CT 扫描等影像学检查诊断出来的，在体检时偶然发现，可以准确评估动脉瘤的特征和大小。 主动脉瘤的治疗方法有哪些？ 传统手术修复包括开放式手术修复，这是治疗主动脉瘤的传统方法，通过胸/腹壁切口进入并修复动脉瘤，但其侵入性带来了巨大风险和较长的恢复期。 另一方面，微创修复提供了一种现代化的替代方法，即血管内主动脉修复术（EVAR），这是一种创伤较小的手术，利用腹股沟小切口插入特殊支架，在 X 光引导下将动脉瘤排除在血压循环之外。 参考 https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/7153-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm https://www. sgvascularctr. com/service/aortic-aneurysm/ 陈敏琪博士简介 Chen Min Qi 医生于 2005 年毕业于新加坡国立大学，是一名受过研究培训的血管和血管内外科医生。 随后，他完成了普通外科和血管外科的基础和高级培训，并于 2010 年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院成员（MRCSed）资格，2015 年获得医学硕士（普通外科）资格。 随后，陈医生成功通过了研究员考试，于2016年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院研究员（FRCSed）资格。 完成高级外科培训后，陈敏齐医生加入了新开业的伍廷芳综合医院（NTFGH），成为血管外科的一名专科医生。 2018年，陈医生获得卫生部卫生人力发展计划（HMDP）资助，赴英国伦敦国际知名的圣玛丽医院进一步接受血管亚专科培训。 在那里，陈医生在复杂的腹主动脉瘤和胸腹主动脉瘤手术、EVAR 手术失败后的腹主动脉瘤重做开放式修复手术以及颈动脉内膜剥脱手术和下肢血管重建手术方面积累了更多经验。 2020 年回国后，Chen Min Qi 医生加入了新成立的兀兰健康中心，担任血管服务部门的负责人，并于 2023 年 1 月在血管和介入中心开始了目前的工作。 --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Aortic aneurysm - Translation Priorities: Optional Mục đích của động mạch chủ Động mạch chủ, một mạch lớn bắt đầu từ tim và chạy qua ngực và bụng, là động mạch chính chịu trách nhiệm mang máu giàu oxy từ tim đến các cơ quan khác nhau của cơ thể. Khi nó di chuyển, các mạch máu nhỏ hơn phân nhánh để cung cấp cho các mô khác nhau. Sự suy yếu của thành động mạch chủ có thể dẫn đến phình ra, và khi điều này xảy ra ở phần bụng, nó dẫn đến phình động mạch chủ bụng, sự giãn nở nguy hiểm tiềm tàng của động mạch cần được chăm sóc y tế để ngăn ngừa các biến chứng. (http://www. gadacanada. ca/aorta-taad) Tổng quan về phình động mạch chủ Phình động mạch phát triển khi các bức tường của động mạch mất sức, cho phép áp lực từ bên trong động mạch tích tụ và dẫn đến sự nhô ra của một đoạn bị suy yếu của thành động mạch. Chỗ phình ra ngoài này được công nhận là phình động mạch. Cụ thể, phình động mạch chủ bụng (AAA) biểu thị sự giãn nở trong mạch máu chính, động mạch chủ, chịu trách nhiệm vận chuyển máu từ tim đến cơ thể. Động mạch này chạy qua thân, cung cấp máu cho các cơ quan quan trọng như gan và thận trước khi chia thành hai nhánh để kéo dài xuống chân. Phình động mạch có nguy cơ vỡ, có khả năng gây chảy máu nội bộ nghiêm trọng có thể nhanh chóng đe dọa tính mạng. (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) Biến chứng phình động mạch chủ Phình động mạch chủ có các biến chứng tiềm ẩn nghiêm trọng cần can thiệp y tế. Nếu phình động mạch chủ vỡ, nó sẽ gây chảy máu trong, hậu quả thay đổi tùy thuộc vào vị trí của phình động mạch, thường gây nguy hiểm đáng kể và thậm chí đe dọa đến tính mạng. Can thiệp y tế nhanh chóng có thể tạo điều kiện phục hồi từ phình động mạch bị vỡ cho một số cá nhân. Thật không may, đối với hầu hết bệnh nhân bị vỡ phình động mạch chủ bụng, mất máu lớn đe dọa tính mạng xảy ra trong khoảng thời gian vài phút ngay cả trước khi trợ giúp y tế có thể đến. Thời gian lý tưởng để điều trị phình động mạch chủ là trước khi bất kỳ triệu chứng nào phát triển và trước khi nó bị vỡ. Ba loại phình động mạch chủ Có ba loại phình động mạch chủ chính dựa trên vị trí của chúng trong cơ thể. Loại đầu tiên được gọi là phình động mạch chủ ngực (TAA) và xảy ra trong vùng ngực. Loại thứ hai là phình động mạch chủ bụng (AAA), phát triển ở bụng. Loại thứ ba, được gọi là phình động mạch chủ ngực (TAAA), nằm giữa ngực và bụng. Những loại phình động mạch chủ riêng biệt này có ý nghĩa khác nhau đối với chẩn đoán, điều trị và quản lý. Trong giai đoạn đầu, khi chứng phình động mạch (AA) vẫn còn nhỏ, nó không phải là mối đe dọa ngay lập tức đối với sức khỏe. Tuy nhiên, khi phình động mạch chủ tiếp tục lớn hơn, nó có thể dẫn đến mỏng đi của các bức tường của động mạch chủ hoặc các nhánh đi ra khỏi nó. Sự mỏng đi này làm cho chúng ít có khả năng kéo dài và lưu lượng máu. Các phần bị suy yếu của bức tường cuối cùng có thể trở nên quá mỏng manh để chịu được lực và áp lực từ máu lưu thông qua chúng. Tình trạng này có thể dẫn đến vỡ phình động mạch, từ đó có thể dẫn đến chảy máu trong nghiêm trọng và tử vong. Các yếu tố nguy cơ chính đối với phình động mạch chủ Những yếu tố này làm tăng khả năng phát triển phình động mạch chủ: Những người hút thuốc thường xuyên. Nam trên 65 tuổi. Những người bị huyết áp cao hoặc các vấn đề về tim. Những người có các tình trạng như hội chứng Marfan, hội chứng Ehlers-Danlos và hội chứng Loeys-Dietz, ảnh hưởng đến các mô liên kết của cơ thể. Có tiền sử gia đình mắc chứng phình động mạch chủ hoặc bóc tách. Các triệu chứng của phình động mạch chủ Phình động mạch chủ có thể biểu hiện với một loạt các triệu chứng cho thấy mối quan tâm sức khỏe tiềm ẩn. Chúng bao gồm đau dai dẳng và dữ dội ở ngực, bụng và lưng, hoặc thậm chí kéo dài xuống chi dưới. Trong một số trường hợp, các cá nhân có thể bị sốt liên tục mà không giảm. Một dấu hiệu đáng chú ý có thể là sự hiện diện của một khối đập hoặc nhói cảm thấy ở vùng bụng. Ngoài ra, có thể có những mảng hoại thư bất thường phát triển ở ngón chân, có thể là hậu quả của lưu lượng máu bị tổn thương. Tuy nhiên, hầu hết các chứng phình động mạch được điều trị tốt nhất trước khi bất kỳ triệu chứng nào xảy ra và những người có bất kỳ yếu tố nguy cơ nào ở trên nên đi sàng lọc để phát hiện bất kỳ sự hiện diện nào của chứng phình động mạch. Thủ tục chẩn đoán phình động mạch chủ Chẩn đoán dựa trên đánh giá lâm sàng trong đó phình động mạch có thể được sờ thấy như một khối xung trong bụng. Để xác nhận sự hiện diện của chứng phình động mạch, các bác sĩ thường khuyên nên trải qua siêu âm hoặc CT scan. Siêu âm sử dụng sóng âm thanh tần số cao phản xạ từ các cấu trúc bên trong để tạo ra hình ảnh thời gian thực. CT scan sử dụng tia X chụp từ nhiều góc độ để tạo ra hình ảnh cắt ngang, khi xếp chồng lên nhau, cung cấp cái nhìn 3D về các cơ quan và cấu trúc nội tạng của cơ thể. Cả hai kỹ thuật hình ảnh đều đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong chẩn đoán và theo dõi các điều kiện y tế. (https://www. ahajournals. org/doi/10. 1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 110. 972018) Điều trị truyền thống cho phình động mạch chủ: Sửa chữa phẫu thuật mở Sửa chữa phẫu thuật mở là một phương pháp truyền thống để điều trị phình động mạch, liên quan đến vết mổ ngực / thành bụng rộng. Nó được coi là hiệu quả nhưng nó mang rủi ro cao hơn do tính xâm lấn của nó, làm cho nó phù hợp chủ yếu cho những người trẻ tuổi có nguy cơ phẫu thuật thấp. Phục hồi thường bao gồm khoảng 1 tuần chăm sóc ICU và mất khoảng 4 đến 6 tuần để hồi phục hoàn toàn. (https://www. kauveryhospital. com/ima-journal/ima-journal-november-2022/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/) Phương pháp điều trị xâm lấn tối thiểu cho phình động mạch chủ Sửa chữa xâm lấn tối thiểu, được gọi là Sửa chữa động mạch chủ nội mạch (EVAR), liên quan đến việc sử dụng stent ghép có mái che được đưa qua các vết mổ nhỏ ở háng để điều trị phình động mạch. Các stent được đặt trong khu vực bị ảnh hưởng để chuyển hướng lưu lượng máu, được hướng dẫn bởi tia X. EVAR thích hợp cho bệnh nhân lớn tuổi hoặc những người có nhiều vấn đề về sức khỏe và mang lại lợi thế của gây tê tại chỗ và an thần nhẹ. Phục hồi nhanh hơn, thường không cần nằm ICU; Bệnh nhân di động trong vòng 8 giờ và thường xuất viện trong vòng 48 giờ. Trong một số trường hợp nhất định, bệnh nhân trẻ và khỏe mạnh thậm chí có thể được xuất viện cùng ngày với thủ thuật. (https://radiology. wales/evar/) Phục hồi sau điều trị và cân nhắc lối sống Sau khi điều trị phình động mạch, việc theo dõi suốt đời liên tục là rất cần thiết do khả năng tiến triển bệnh ở các phần khác của động mạch chủ trước đây không bị ảnh hưởng. Sự phát triển của phình động mạch ngực sau phình động mạch bụng và ngược lại không phải là hiếm, đặc biệt là nếu các yếu tố nguy cơ như hút thuốc lá và tăng huyết áp vẫn tồn tại. Theo dõi bao gồm siêu âm và CT scan thường xuyên, ban đầu cứ sau 6 tháng và sau đó hàng năm. Việc theo dõi này rất quan trọng, đặc biệt đối với những bệnh nhân đã trải qua EVAR, vì quét giúp xác định rò rỉ tiềm ẩn xung quanh stent ghép. Giảm nguy cơ phát triển phình động mạch chủ Ngăn ngừa phình động mạch chủ bụng (Phình động mạch chủ bụng) có thể là một thách thức phức tạp, đặc biệt là khi tiền sử gia đình mắc bệnh này. Tuy nhiên, hành động nhanh chóng để tham khảo ý kiến bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu là rất quan trọng. Cách tiếp cận chủ động này để phát hiện sớm và điều trị thích hợp hứa hẹn sẽ hạn chế sự tiến triển và vỡ của phình động mạch. Hơn nữa, một loạt các yếu tố rủi ro có thể được quản lý hiệu quả thông qua các bước có chủ ý: Bỏ thuốc lá Tham gia vào hoạt động thể chất thường xuyên và duy trì chế độ ăn uống cân bằng, lành mạnh. Theo dõi và điều chỉnh cân nặng, huyết áp và mức cholesterol. Tập thể dục điều độ trong tiêu thụ rượu. FAQ Làm thế nào một bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu có thể giúp điều trị phình động mạch chủ? Một bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu có thể hỗ trợ điều trị phình động mạch chủ bằng cách cung cấp chăm sóc và can thiệp chuyên biệt. Họ có thể theo dõi sự tiến triển của phình động mạch và đề xuất các lựa chọn điều trị phù hợp dựa trên tình trạng và lối sống của bệnh nhân. Mục đích là để ngăn ngừa vỡ phình động mạch, có thể dẫn đến chảy máu trong đe dọa tính mạng. Phình động mạch chủ là gì? Phình động mạch chủ là một tình trạng y tế trong đó một khu vực suy yếu của thành động mạch chủ bị giãn hoặc phình ra, làm cho mạch máu mở rộng vượt quá kích thước bình thường của nó. Điều này có thể dẫn đến hậu quả nguy hiểm, vì thành bị kéo dài và suy yếu trở nên dễ bị vỡ hơn, có khả năng dẫn đến chảy máu nội bộ nghiêm trọng. Các triệu chứng của phình động mạch chủ là gì? Các triệu chứng của phình động mạch chủ bao gồm đau dữ dội và kéo dài ở ngực, bụng, lưng hoặc chi dưới, sốt dai dẳng, cảm giác rung ở bụng và giảm lưu lượng máu dẫn đến tổn thương mô tiềm ẩn hoặc hoại thư ở ngón chân. Tất cả các triệu chứng này có thể chỉ ra các biến chứng tiềm ẩn với chứng phình động mạch, do đó để có kết quả tốt hơn, nên tìm cách điều trị ngay cả trước khi các triệu chứng như vậy bắt đầu biểu hiện. Làm thế nào có thể chẩn đoán phình động mạch chủ? Phình động mạch chủ được chẩn đoán thông qua khám lâm sàng và các xét nghiệm hình ảnh như siêu âm hoặc CT scan, với phát hiện ngẫu nhiên trong quá trình kiểm tra, cho phép đánh giá chính xác các đặc điểm và kích thước của phình động mạch. Các lựa chọn điều trị phình động mạch chủ là gì? Sửa chữa phẫu thuật truyền thống bao gồm Sửa chữa... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: best vascular surgeon singapore, Vascular Intervention, stenting singapore, vascular disease treatment Singapore, Veins Treatment Singapore, Vascular Singapore, Vascular Interventional Treatments in Singapore, Veins centre singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Trong những năm gần đây, Singapore đã đề xuất kế hoạch đại tu hệ thống chăm sóc sức khỏe của mình để đối phó với dân số già đi nhanh chóng. Sự thay đổi lớn này tìm cách đáp ứng các yêu cầu chăm sóc sức khỏe riêng biệt của nhân khẩu học cao tuổi, cải thiện các dịch vụ y tế ưu tiên và cung cấp hỗ trợ nâng cao cho nhiều tình trạng sức khỏe khác nhau. Chiến lược của chính phủ liên quan đến việc tạo ra các khuôn khổ chăm sóc sáng tạo, khai thác các tiến bộ công nghệ và củng cố chăm sóc sức khỏe dựa vào cộng đồng để đảm bảo các dịch vụ y tế hàng đầu cho các cá nhân ở mọi lứa tuổi, xem xét sự thay đổi nhân khẩu học. Để đáp ứng điều này, các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe đang trải qua một sự chuyển đổi toàn diện để giải quyết tốt hơn các nhu cầu cụ thể của người cao tuổi. (https://ctvstexas. com/common-vascular-questions-answered/) Vai trò của bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu trong bối cảnh luôn thay đổi của Singapore Phẫu thuật mạch máu là một chuyên khoa y tế quan trọng chuyên chẩn đoán và điều trị các bệnh ảnh hưởng đến mạch máu, động mạch, tĩnh mạch và mạch bạch huyết bên ngoài tim và não. Khi dân số Singapore trải qua một xu hướng già hóa đáng kể, nhu cầu về các bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu lành nghề đã chứng kiến một sự gia tăng đáng chú ý. Sự gia tăng này được cho là do tỷ lệ mắc các bệnh như phình động mạch chủ, bệnh động mạch ngoại biên, giãn tĩnh mạch và suy thận ngày càng tăng cần lọc máu. Bản chất phức tạp của phẫu thuật mạch máu đòi hỏi một bộ kỹ năng chuyên môn và chuyên môn sâu để đảm bảo quản lý thành công các trường hợp phức tạp như vậy. Với một loạt các phương pháp tiếp cận sáng tạo và các thiết bị y tế có sẵn để can thiệp, việc lựa chọn một bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu lão luyện là rất quan trọng. Sự lựa chọn này có thể là yếu tố quyết định, đặc biệt là trong các trường hợp sống và tử vong của các tình trạng nguy cơ cao như phình động mạch chủ hoặc bệnh động mạch cảnh. Khi lĩnh vực phẫu thuật mạch máu tiếp tục phát triển, các bác sĩ phẫu thuật giàu kinh nghiệm trở thành cầu nối giữa các can thiệp y tế và kết quả tối ưu của bệnh nhân. Các loại thủ tục được thực hiện bởi bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu Phẫu thuật mạch máu là một lĩnh vực y tế chuyên ngành dành riêng để giải quyết các vấn đề liên quan đến các mạch máu và lưu thông đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong cơ thể chúng ta. Điều này bao gồm mạng lưới động mạch và tĩnh mạch phức tạp, chịu trách nhiệm vận chuyển máu đi khắp cơ thể. Không giống như phẫu thuật tim tập trung vào tim, phẫu thuật mạch máu chủ yếu tập trung vào các mạch máu nằm bên ngoài tim và, phần lớn, não. Chi nhánh phẫu thuật này sử dụng một loạt các kỹ thuật để giải quyết các tình trạng mạch máu khác nhau. Bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu được đào tạo rộng rãi để quản lý các tình trạng phức tạp này với độ chính xác và chuyên môn. Đào tạo của họ liên quan đến một sự hiểu biết toàn diện về giải phẫu phức tạp và sinh lý của các mạch máu, cho phép họ chẩn đoán và điều trị một loạt các điều kiện mạch máu. Thông qua giáo dục nghiêm ngặt và kinh nghiệm thực hành, bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu có được các kỹ năng cần thiết để thực hiện các thủ tục phức tạp, sử dụng cả phương pháp phẫu thuật mở truyền thống và kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu sáng tạo. Khóa đào tạo này trang bị cho họ để xử lý các tình trạng như phình động mạch chủ, bệnh động mạch ngoại biên, suy tĩnh mạch, v. v. , đảm bảo rằng bệnh nhân nhận được sự chăm sóc phù hợp để giải quyết các thách thức mạch máu độc đáo của họ. Khi lĩnh vực này liên tục phát triển, các bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu luôn cập nhật các phát triển y tế, cho phép họ cung cấp cho bệnh nhân kết quả tối ưu trong bối cảnh y tế phát triển nhanh chóng. Các loại tình trạng mạch máu được điều trị bởi các bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu ở Singapore 1. Bệnh động mạch ngoại biên (PAD) xảy ra khi các động mạch cung cấp máu cho các chi bị thu hẹp do lắng đọng cholesterol và canxi trong thành động mạch, dẫn đến không cung cấp đủ oxy và chất dinh dưỡng. Điều này dẫn đến đau ở các khu vực bị ảnh hưởng, vì chân tay không thể hoạt động đúng. (https://www. cdc. gov/heartdisease/PAD. htm) 2. Rối loạn cương dương (ED) là không có khả năng duy trì sự cương cứng vững chắc cho hoạt động tình dục. Máu phải ở lại dương vật trong quá trình kích thích, đạt được thông qua co thắt tĩnh mạch. Nếu tĩnh mạch không đủ co thắt, sự cương cứng không thể được duy trì, gây khó khăn trong hoạt động tình dục. 3. Hội chứng tắc nghẽn vùng chậu (PCS) là một tình trạng mãn tính ảnh hưởng đến phụ nữ do van yếu ở tĩnh mạch bụng dưới. Điều này làm cho máu chảy ngược, tích tụ trong tĩnh mạch chậu và chân, dẫn đến khó chịu và đau đớn. (https://www. astraveinvascular. com/pelvic-congestion-syndrome-pcs-treatment/) 4. U xơ tử cung (UFE) là sự phát triển trong tử cung, phổ biến ở phụ nữ. Chúng được phân loại theo vị trí của chúng trong tử cung và có thể ảnh hưởng đến sức khỏe sinh sản và gây ra các triệu chứng khác nhau. 5. Động mạch chủ, động mạch lớn nhất của cơ thể, suy yếu và phình ra ngoài, tạo thành phình động mạch chủ (AA). Điều này có thể làm gián đoạn việc cung cấp máu cho các cơ quan thiết yếu và gây nguy cơ sức khỏe nghiêm trọng, đòi hỏi sự chăm sóc y tế để ngăn ngừa vỡ tiềm ẩn. (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) 6. Giãn tĩnh mạch (VV) là các tĩnh mạch giãn chủ yếu ảnh hưởng đến chân và dẫn đến tích tụ máu ở chi dưới. Điều này gây ra sự gia tăng áp lực tĩnh mạch ở phần dưới của chân dẫn đến khô ngứa da, cứng và sẫm màu của da, và thậm chí là vết thương mãn tính. (https://www. yarravascular. com. au/condition/varicose-veins/) Phương pháp điều trị khác nhau cho các tình trạng mạch máu Bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu ở Singapore cung cấp một loạt các phương pháp điều trị để giải quyết những tình trạng này. Các lựa chọn điều trị có thể bao gồm: 1. Một Angioplasty đòi hỏi phải chèn một quả bóng xì hơi vào một động mạch bị thu hẹp hoặc bị chặn. Khi vào vị trí, quả bóng được bơm phồng, làm cho động mạch mở rộng. Quá trình này, được gọi là giãn nở, giúp giảm bớt tắc nghẽn và tăng cường lưu thông máu. Angioplasty đặc biệt hiệu quả đối với các tình trạng như xơ vữa động mạch, nơi các thành động mạch tích tụ mảng bám cản trở lưu lượng máu. 2. Thủ tục nội mạch nói chung là các kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu được sử dụng để điều trị các động mạch hoặc tĩnh mạch bị bệnh. Thông thường, một vỏ bọc được đưa vào động mạch, thường nằm ở vùng háng hoặc cánh tay. Thông qua vỏ bọc này, các dụng cụ y tế chuyên dụng như bóng bay, stent và ống thông được giới thiệu. Những dụng cụ này cho phép các chuyên gia y tế thực hiện các thủ tục phức tạp mà không cần vết mổ phẫu thuật rộng. Các thủ thuật nội mạch rất linh hoạt và có thể nhắm mục tiêu một loạt các vấn đề về mạch máu. (https://ourheartdr. com/vascular-services/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-aaa/treatment-options-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-aaa/what-is-endovascular-stent-grafting/) 3. Phẫu thuật bắc cầu mạch máu liên quan đến một can thiệp phẫu thuật trong đó một tĩnh mạch khỏe mạnh hoặc ghép tổng hợp được sử dụng để phá vỡ một đoạn bị chặn của động mạch. Bằng cách tạo ra một con đường thay thế cho lưu lượng máu, phẫu thuật bắc cầu mạch máu có hiệu quả bỏ qua sự tắc nghẽn, khôi phục lưu thông máu bình thường. Thủ tục này thường được tiến hành như một phẫu thuật mở và có lợi trong trường hợp các lựa chọn điều trị khác có thể không hiệu quả. (https://mwvascular. com. au/lower-limb-bypass-surgery/) 4. Một số loại thuốc được kê toa để ngăn ngừa sự hình thành cục máu đông hoặc để hòa tan các cục máu đông hiện có trong các mạch máu. Những can thiệp dược lý này đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc ngăn ngừa các biến chứng có khả năng đe dọa tính mạng như huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) hoặc thuyên tắc phổi. Phẫu thuật mở so với kỹ thuật nội mạch xâm lấn tối thiểu Phẫu thuật mạch máu bao gồm hai phương pháp chính: phẫu thuật mở và kỹ thuật nội mạch xâm lấn tối thiểu. Phẫu thuật mở theo phương pháp thông thường, trong đó một vết mổ được thực hiện trên da để đến khu vực có vấn đề. Cách tiếp cận này xâm nhập nhiều hơn và thường đòi hỏi thời gian phục hồi kéo dài do bản chất của thủ tục. Mặt khác, các kỹ thuật nội mạch xâm lấn tối thiểu liên quan đến việc sử dụng một ống thông nhỏ được đưa vào động mạch hoặc tĩnh mạch để tiếp cận khu vực mục tiêu. Phương pháp này ít xâm lấn hơn so với phẫu thuật mở, dẫn đến giảm nguy cơ biến chứng. Nó thường liên quan đến vết mổ nhỏ hơn, thời gian phục hồi nhanh hơn và thường dẫn đến ít khó chịu hơn cho bệnh nhân. Chăm sóc sau điều trị sau phẫu thuật mạch máu Mỗi quy trình phẫu thuật mạch máu được điều chỉnh cho phù hợp với tình trạng của từng bệnh nhân và phương pháp điều trị cụ thể liên quan. Nói chung, phẫu thuật mở đòi hỏi phải gây mê toàn thân, với việc theo dõi liên tục các biến chứng tiềm ẩn trong suốt quá trình. Mặt khác, các thủ tục nội mạch thường được thực hiện dưới gây tê tại chỗ, đòi hỏi thời gian phục hồi ngắn hơn. Hơn nữa, có những kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu có sẵn giúp giảm thời gian chết và phục hồi nhanh hơn so với phẫu thuật mở truyền thống. Phẫu thuật mạch máu ở Singapore mang lại vô số lợi thế. Lợi ích quan trọng nhất là tăng cường lưu lượng máu và lưu thông, do đó làm giảm khả năng tắc nghẽn, phình động mạch và các vấn đề mạch máu khác. Hơn nữa, các thủ tục như kỹ thuật nội mạch, đặt stent và nong mạch, trong số các lựa chọn xâm lấn tối thiểu khác, mang lại kết quả nhanh chóng và hiệu quả với sự khó chịu hoặc thời gian chết tối thiểu. Tuy nhiên, điều quan trọng là phải thừa nhận rằng phẫu thuật mạch máu đi kèm với những rủi ro và tác dụng phụ tiềm ẩn, bao... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: stenting singapore, best vascular surgeon singapore, Vascular Singapore, Vascular Interventional Treatments in Singapore, Veins centre singapore, Veins Treatment Singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore, Vascular Intervention, vascular disease treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional 近年来，新加坡提出了全面改革医疗保健系统的计划，以应对迅速老龄化的人口。 这一重大变革旨在满足老年人群的独特医疗保健需求，改善预防性医疗服务，并为各种健康状况提供更多帮助。 考虑到人口结构的变化，政府的战略包括建立创新的护理框架、利用先进技术和加强社区医疗保健，以确保为所有年龄段的个人提供一流的医疗服务。 为此，医疗机构正在进行全面转型，以更好地满足老年人群的特殊需求。 (https://ctvstexas. com/common-vascular-questions-answered/) 血管外科医生在新加坡不断变化的环境中的作用 血管外科是一个重要的医学专科，专门诊断和治疗影响心脏和大脑以外的血管、动脉、静脉和淋巴管的疾病。 随着新加坡人口出现明显的老龄化趋势，对技术娴熟的血管外科医生的需求明显上升。 这种激增是由于主动脉瘤、外周动脉疾病、静脉曲张和需要透析的肾衰竭等疾病的发病率不断上升。 血管外科手术的复杂性要求我们具备专门的技能和深厚的专业知识，以确保成功处理此类错综复杂的病例。 由于有一系列创新方法和医疗设备可用于干预，因此选择一名优秀的血管外科医生至关重要。 尤其是在主动脉瘤或颈动脉疾病等高风险情况下，这种选择可能是决定性因素。 随着血管外科领域的不断发展，经验丰富的外科医生成为医疗干预和患者最佳治疗效果之间的桥梁。 血管外科医生开展的手术类型 血管外科是一个专门的医学领域，致力于解决与血管和血液循环有关的问题。 这包括负责将血液输送到全身的错综复杂的动脉和静脉网络。 与以心脏为重点的心脏外科不同，血管外科主要集中于心脏以外的血管，大部分是脑血管。 该外科分支采用一系列技术来治疗各种血管疾病。 血管外科医生接受过广泛的培训，能够精准、专业地处理这些复杂的病症。 他们接受的培训包括全面了解血管错综复杂的解剖学和生理学，使他们能够诊断和治疗各种血管疾病。 通过严格的教育和实践经验，血管外科医生掌握了利用传统开放式手术方法和创新微创技术进行复杂手术的必要技能。 这种培训使他们有能力处理主动脉瘤、外周动脉疾病、静脉功能不全等疾病，确保患者得到量身定制的护理，解决他们独特的血管难题。 随着该领域的不断进步，血管外科医生也紧跟医学发展的步伐，使他们能够在快速发展的医疗环境中为患者提供最佳治疗效果。 新加坡血管外科医生治疗的血管疾病类型 1. 外周动脉疾病（PAD）是指供应四肢血液的动脉因动脉壁上的胆固醇和钙沉积而变窄，导致氧气和营养供应不足。 这会导致患处疼痛，因为肢体无法正常运作。 (https://www. cdc. gov/heartdisease/PAD. htm) 2. 勃起功能障碍（ED）是指在性活动中无法保持坚硬的勃起。 在性兴奋时，血液必须留在阴茎内，通过静脉收缩来实现。 如果静脉收缩不足，勃起就无法持续，从而导致性功能障碍。 3. 盆腔充血综合征（PCS）是一种影响妇女的慢性疾病，原因是下腹部静脉瓣膜功能减弱。 这会导致血液倒流，在骨盆和腿部静脉中淤积，从而引起不适和疼痛。 (https://www. astraveinvascular. com/pelvic-congestion-syndrome-pcs-treatment/) 4. 子宫肌瘤（UFE）是子宫内的生长物，常见于女性。 它们按在子宫内的位置分类，可影响生殖健康并导致各种症状。 5. 人体最大的动脉主动脉变弱并向外膨胀，形成主动脉瘤（AA）。 这会破坏重要器官的血液供应，对健康构成严重威胁，需要就医以防止潜在的破裂。 (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) 6. 静脉曲张（VV）是一种扩张的静脉，主要影响腿部，导致下肢血液淤积。 这会导致小腿下部静脉压力升高，导致皮肤干燥瘙痒、皮肤变硬变黑，甚至出现慢性伤口。 (https://www. yarravascular. com. au/condition/varicose-veins/) 血管疾病的各种治疗方法 新加坡的血管外科医生提供一系列治疗方法来解决这些问题。 治疗方案包括 1. 血管成形术是将放气的气球插入狭窄或阻塞的动脉。 球囊一旦就位，就会充气，使动脉变宽。 这一过程被称为 "扩张"，有助于缓解阻塞，促进血液循环。 血管成形术对动脉粥样硬化等疾病尤其有效，动脉壁上的斑块沉积会阻碍血液流动。 2. 血管内手术通常是用于治疗病变动脉或静脉的微创技术。 通常情况下，将鞘插入动脉，动脉通常位于腹股沟或手臂部位。 通过这种鞘，可以引入球囊、支架和导管等专用医疗器械。 这些仪器可让医疗专业人员在无需大面积手术切口的情况下进行复杂的手术。 血管内手术用途广泛，可针对各种血管问题。 (https://ourheartdr. com/vascular-services/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-aaa/treatment-options-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-aaa/what-is-endovascular-stent-grafting/) 3. Vascular Bypass Surgery（血管搭桥手术）是一种外科干预措施，利用健康的静脉或人工合成的移植物来绕过一段阻塞的动脉。 血管旁路手术通过建立另一条血流通道，有效绕过阻塞，恢复正常的血液循环。 这种手术通常以开放式手术的方式进行，对于其他治疗方案可能效果不佳的病例很有帮助。 (https://mwvascular. com. au/lower-limb-bypass-surgery/) 4. 某些药物可防止血栓形成或溶解血管内已有的血栓。 这些药物干预措施在预防深静脉血栓（DVT）或肺栓塞等可能危及生命的并发症方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 开放手术与微创血管内技术 血管外科包括两种主要方法：开放手术和微创血管内技术。开放手术采用传统方法，即在皮肤上切开一个切口，到达问题区域。 这种方法的侵入性更强，而且由于手术的性质，通常需要较长的恢复期。 另一方面，微创血管内技术是利用插入动脉或静脉的小导管进入目标区域。 与开刀手术相比，这种方法创伤更小，从而降低了并发症的几率。 一般来说，这种方法的切口较小，恢复时间较快，病人的不适感也较少。 血管手术后的护理 每种血管外科手术都是根据患者的具体病情和治疗方法量身定制的。 一般来说，开放式手术需要全身麻醉，并在整个手术过程中持续监测潜在并发症。 另一方面，血管内手术通常在局部麻醉下进行，恢复期较短。 此外，与传统的开放式手术相比，微创技术可以缩短停工期，加快康复速度。 新加坡的血管外科手术具有诸多优势。 最主要的好处是促进血液流动和循环，从而降低血管堵塞、动脉瘤和其他血管问题的可能性。 此外，血管内技术、支架植入术和血管成形术等微创手术能迅速、高效地取得疗效，并将不适感或停工期降到最低。 不过，必须承认的是，血管手术确实存在潜在风险和副作用，包括感染、出血和中风风险。 最后的话 随着新加坡人口的老龄化，医疗保健系统正在进行转型，以满足老年人的需求，这也促使对技术娴熟的血管外科医生产生了需求。 这些外科医生在诊断和治疗影响血管的疾病方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 随着微创技术和复杂介入技术的发展，选择一名精通血管外科医生变得至关重要。 他们在驾驭创新型护理框架方面的专业知识以及根据不同病例量身定制手术方法的能力至关重要。 这些专家可以治疗外周动脉疾病、勃起功能障碍和主动脉瘤等一系列疾病，通常采用血管成形术、栓塞术和支架植入术等治疗方法。 考虑到血管外科手术的潜在风险和益处，在新加坡不断发展的医疗环境中，向合格的血管外科医生咨询可确保获得最佳治疗。 常见问题： 血管外科医生在新加坡扮演什么角色？ 随着新加坡人口的老龄化，主动脉瘤、外周动脉疾病和静脉曲张等疾病的发病率不断上升，对技术娴熟的血管外科医生的需求也随之增加。 什么是血管外科？ 血管外科手术主要针对心脏和大脑以外的血管，采用先进的技术治疗复杂的病症；血管外科医生在解剖、诊断以及传统和微创手术方面训练有素，确保患者在不断发展的医疗领域获得各种血管疾病的专业治疗。 新加坡血管外科医生治疗哪些类型的血管疾病？ 血管外科医生治疗的疾病包括外周动脉疾病、勃起功能障碍、骨盆充血综合症、子宫肌瘤、静脉曲张和主动脉瘤。 血管外科医生接受过广泛的培训，能够精准、专业地处理这些复杂的病症。 他们接受的培训包括全面了解血管复杂的解剖和生理结构，使他们能够诊断和治疗各种血管疾病。 开放式手术与微创血管治疗方法有何不同？ 血管外科手术包括开放式手术和微创血管内治疗法，前者创伤更大，需要更长的恢复时间，而后者恢复更快，切口更小，并发症更少。 血管外科医生会进行哪些治疗？ 血管外科是一个专门的医学领域，致力于解决与血管和血液循环有关的问题。 血管外科医生进行血管成形术、血管搭桥手术等治疗。 我一直在寻找有关新加坡血管外科医生、新加坡支架植入术、新加坡血管疾病治疗、血管介入、新加坡血管介入治疗、新加坡血管、新加坡静脉诊所、新加坡静脉中心和新加坡静脉治疗的信息和答案。 在哪里可以找到更多关于这一主题的文章？ 您可以访问我们的网站www. sgvascularctr. com，了解更多有关疾病和治疗方法的信息。 您还可以访问我们的 Facebook 页面了解更多信息。 参考： https://www. sgvascularctr. com/an-introduction-to-vascular-surgery-in-singapore/ https://www. sgvascularctr. com/get-to-know-the-benefits-of-having-a-vascular-surgeon-in-singapore/ 陈敏琪博士简介 Chen Min Qi 医生于 2005 年毕业于新加坡国立大学，是一名受过研究培训的血管和血管内外科医生。 随后，他完成了普通外科和血管外科的基础和高级培训，并于 2010 年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院成员（MRCSed）资格，2015 年获得医学硕士（普通外科）资格。 随后，陈医生成功通过了研究员考试，于2016年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院研究员（FRCSed）资格。 完成高级外科培训后，陈敏齐医生加入了新开业的伍廷芳综合医院（NTFGH），成为血管外科的一名专科医生。 2018年，陈医生获得卫生部卫生人力发展计划（HMDP）资助，赴英国伦敦国际知名的圣玛丽医院进一步接受血管亚专科培训。 在那里，陈医生在复杂的腹主动脉瘤和胸腹主动脉瘤手术、EVAR 手术失败后的腹主动脉瘤重做开放式修复手术以及颈动脉内膜剥脱手术和下肢血管重建手术方面积累了更多经验。 2020 年回国后，Chen Min Qi 医生加入了新成立的兀兰健康中心，担任血管服务部门的负责人，并于 2023 年 1 月在血管和介入中心开始了目前的工作。 --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: deep vein thrombosis treatment Singapore, dvt singapore, dvt specialist singapore, dvt treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional The Significance and Function of Veins in the Human Body Veins are responsible for returning blood from various organs back to the heart, while arteries transport oxygen-rich blood loaded with nutrients away from the heart to different parts of the body. A significant number of veins, especially those found in the arms and legs, possess one-way valves. These valves consist of two flaps which meet at their edges. Blood flowing in the direction of the heart causes these flaps to open, functioning like a pair of swinging doors that only move in one direction. If gravitational forces or muscle contractions attempt to reverse blood flow, or if blood tries to accumulate within a vein, these flaps automatically close, preventing any backward blood movement. Thus, these valves aid in the process of blood return to the heart, opening during blood flow toward the heart and closing when the potential for reverse flow arises. (https://veinscarolina. com/a-discussion-about-venous-reflux-with-vein-specialist-dr-david-draughn/) Deep Veins in the Human Body and Their Vital Role Veins situated within the body's depths, are recognized as deep veins. These are notably larger than superficial veins, which are veins located close to the body’s surface. The lower extremities house seven principal deep veins, including the popliteal, peroneal, profunda femoris, common femoral, femoral, anterior tibial, and posterior tibial veins. Their collective role involves transporting a significant portion of the body's blood volume. Nevertheless, the potential obstruction within these pathways result in severe life-threatening implications. These obstructions give rise to conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), where blood clots manifest within these deep veins. (https://www. bcm. edu/healthcare/specialties/cardiovascular-medicine/vascular-health/deep-vein-thrombosis) An Overview of Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition where a clot forms within a deep vein, often occurring in the legs, thighs, pelvis, and at times, even the arm. The occurrence of DVT in Singapore is not an unusual phenomenon. Should you find yourself afflicted by this ailment, enlisting professional assistance becomes imperative. Singapore offers a plethora of avenues for addressing Deep Vein Thrombosis. However, the significance of consulting a proficient vascular surgeon specializing in DVT cannot be overstated. This is especially critical for individuals grappling with this grave medical condition. By prioritizing precise diagnosis, tailoring treatment strategies to the individual, and extending comprehensive patient care, those contending with DVT can anticipate superlative therapeutic interventions within Singapore. This, in turn, augments the prospects of a successful recuperation journey and an overall enhancement of vascular well-being. (https://www. venousforum. org/patients/what-is-vein-disease/what-is-deep-vein-thrombosis/) Symptoms of Deep Vein Thrombosis Swelling and tenderness in limbs: This manifests as calf-originating swelling and tenderness extending towards the thigh and groin in the legs, while in the arms, it begins in the forearm and progresses upwards towards the heart. Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia): Tachycardia refers to a rapid heartbeat, where the heart beats faster than normal. It's a condition that warrants attention due to its potential impact on cardiovascular health. Shortness of breath, either independently or correlated with limb swelling. This signals the necessity for immediate medical care, as it could indicate a pulmonary embolism. Causes and Risk Factors for Deep Vein Thrombosis Several factors can contribute to the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a potentially serious condition where blood clots form within the deep veins. Long periods of immobility, such as during extended flights or travel journeys, increase the risk of DVT. Similarly, after major surgical procedures involving the limbs, pelvis, or abdomen, the risk elevates. Obesity and dehydration are additional risk factors, as are major traumas to the arms or legs. Genetic predisposition to blood clotting is another factor that can cause DVT to arise. Certain conditions like abnormal blood vessel anatomy (such as May-Thurner syndrome or Paget-Schroetter syndrome) and the presence of underlying cancer, which can make blood more prone to clotting (paraneoplastic syndrome), also contribute to the heightened risk of developing DVT. (https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/17213-may-thurner-syndrome) Diagnostic Strategies for Deep Vein Thrombosis The process of diagnosing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) relies on maintaining a vigilant level of suspicion, which encompasses a comprehensive assessment of an individual's risk factor history with the utilization of ultrasound scans that reveal the presence of blood clots within the deep veins. Additional examinations encompass a computed tomography (CT) scan of the pulmonary arteries, which is used to assess the condition's impact on the pulmonary system and to gauge the potential occurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE). Furthermore, in cases where a suspicion of PE arises, a ventilation-perfusion scan is used to identify the distribution of air and blood within the lungs, facilitating a more comprehensive assessment of the patient’s well-being. A blood screening process can also be initiated to identify pro-clotting factors, thereby offering deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms contributing to DVT development. In cases where the presence of an underlying malignancy is suspected, a diligent exploration extends to encompassing tumour markers within the blood. Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Singapore Pharmacological treatments for DVT involve prescribing anticoagulant medications tailored to an individual's medical history. These medications prevent blood clot formation, dissolve existing clots, and are typically administered for about six months to effectively manage the condition. For cases of extensive deep vein thrombosis (DVT), wherein the clot extends upwards to involve the thigh and pelvic veins, a combined approach involving minimally invasive mechanical treatments and specific medications might be employed to resolve the clots. Referred to as thrombolysis, this procedure is typically administered within the first two weeks after the onset of DVT and is aimed at dissolving the clots using minimally invasive techniques. Thrombolysis serves as a preventive measure against potential long-term complications of DVT, such as Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS) and venous ulcers in the limbs. Additionally, treatments like the utilization of stents might be employed to uphold the patency of compressed veins. (https://journals. sagepub. com/doi/10. 1583/10-3088. 1? icid=int. sj-abstract. similar-articles. 2) Strategies for Preventing Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep Vein Thrombosis is characterized by blood clots in the veins, is a serious yet preventable medical condition that can lead to disability and even death. A critical complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is when a clot breaks off, causing a pulmonary embolism (PE), which can vary in severity. Taking steps like avoiding prolonged bed rest, wearing graduated compression stockings, and consulting a doctor about preventive measures like anticoagulant medication can help mitigate DVT risks. Additionally, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding prolonged sitting, and adhering to personalized medical guidance are essential in reducing the chances of VTE. Identifying the Need for a Deep Vein Thrombosis Specialist in Singapore Being vigilant about certain symptoms is crucial, as their worsening could signal a need to consult a vascular surgeon. Swelling and tenderness in limbs, starting from the calf and extending towards the thigh and groin in legs, and from the forearm upwards towards the arms and heart, should be noted. Rapid heartbeat, known as tachycardia, which suggests blood clots in the pulmonary veins, is another symptom to be mindful of. Additionally, shortness of breath, whether occurring independently or in correlation with limb swelling, demands immediate medical attention, as it could signify a potentially serious condition like a pulmonary embolism. Locating a Deep Vein Thrombosis Specialist in Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is here to address your vascular needs. Our experienced vascular specialists are well-equipped to diagnose conditions and provide personalised treatment plans. You may contact us through +65 6694 6270 or by sending us an e-mail at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. FAQs: What is the role of veins in the human body? Veins play a crucial role in returning blood from various organs back to the heart, while arteries transport oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to different parts of the body. What are deep veins and their significance? Deep veins are larger veins located within the body's depths, responsible for transporting a significant portion of the body's blood volume. However, their obstruction can lead to severe conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT), where blood clots form within these deep veins. What are the symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? Symptoms of DVT include calf-originating swelling and tenderness extending towards the thigh and groin in legs, forearm-originating swelling progressing upwards towards the heart in arms, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), and shortness of breath, which could indicate a potential pulmonary embolism. What are the risk factors for developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? Long periods of immobility, major surgeries involving limbs or abdomen, obesity, dehydration, genetic predisposition to blood clotting, abnormal blood vessel anatomy, and underlying cancer are some of the risk factors contributing to DVT development. How is deep vein thrombosis (DVT) diagnosed and treated? Diagnosis involves assessing risk factors and using ultrasound scans to detect blood clots. In cases of suspected pulmonary embolism, computed tomography (CT) scans and ventilation-perfusion scans are used. Treatment includes pharmacological interventions with anticoagulant medications and, in extensive cases, minimally invasive mechanical treatments like thrombolysis to dissolve clots and prevent long-term complications. https://www. singhealth. com. sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/deep-vein-thrombosis-DVT https://www. sgvascularctr. com/deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt-what-is-it-and-how-is-it-treated/ https://www. cdc. gov/ncbddd/dvt/facts. html https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis/symptoms-causes https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/16911-deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt https://www. hopkinsmedicine. org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/percutaneous-transcatheter-treatment-of-deep-venous-thrombosis-dvt https://www. webmd. com/dvt/dvt-surgery-and-procedures Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: dialysis, dialysis procedure singapore, types of dialysis access singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Overview of Kidney Function & Dialysis Treatment In a healthy body, the kidneys act as filters and clean around half a cup of blood every minute. They take out waste and extra water, creating urine. This urine then travels from the kidneys to the bladder through slim, muscular tubes known as ureters – one on each side of the bladder. The bladder holds onto this urine until it's time to release it. All these parts – the kidneys, ureters, and bladder – come together to form your urinary tract. (https://visualsonline. cancer. gov/details. cfm? imageid=9050) Having conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes increases your chances of developing kidney failure. Kidney failure can also come from injurious sources such as physical injuries, diseases, and other conditions. When your kidneys aren't working properly, waste can build up in your body. Dialysis takes over the job of cleaning your blood, keeping your body balanced by getting rid of extra fluids and waste. Plus, it helps control your blood pressure, which is important for your health. Revolutionizing medical care, dialysis has evolved into a pivotal treatment for kidney malfunction. It emerged as a standard approach in addressing kidney failure. This intervention has since transformed the lives of countless individuals worldwide. Types of Dialysis & Dialysis Procedures in Singapore When it comes to dialysis, there are two main techniques: haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. It's strongly recommended that you consult with your doctor to explore these alternatives and determine which aligns best with your lifestyle and condition. (https://www. kdf. org. sg/haemodialysis) Haemodialysis is more efficient at removing toxins and restoring a proper balance of salts. It is typically scheduled for 2-3 sessions per week. In the haemodialysis process, a machine extracts blood from your body, channels it through a device known as a dialyzer, and reintroduces the purified blood back into your system. This dialyzer serves as an artificial kidney, containing a filter that effectively segregates waste from your blood. Each haemodialysis session generally takes about 3 to 5 hours to complete. To facilitate this, a specialised entry point is established into your bloodstream. This entry point is also known as the dialysis access. Various forms of access can be employed, including arteriovenous fistulas, grafts, or central venous catheters. (https://www. kidney. org/content/what-peritoneal-dialysis) On the other hand, peritoneal dialysis follows a distinct methodology. In this approach, a catheter is used to infused a specialized fluid into your abdominal cavity, more precisely referred to as the peritoneal cavity. This unique fluid has the ability to absorb waste and excessive fluids from your blood. After a span of hours, the fluid, along with the accumulated toxins, is drained out from your body. Peritoneal dialysis has the advantage of being home-based; however, due to its relatively lower efficiency, it needs to be performed daily. To initiate peritoneal dialysis, patients typically undergo a minor surgical procedure to insert the catheter into the peritoneal cavity. Types of Dialysis Access in Singapore Vascular access for haemodialysis pertains to the technique of creating a superficial high flow conduit on a patient’s arm (or leg) to facilitate easy access to the blood circulation system. This procedure empowers individuals with kidney failure to undergo haemodialysis. Irrespective of the underlying cause of kidney failure, all patients undergoing dialysis must have vascular access established. This access permits blood to flow through these tubes into the dialysis machine, where it undergoes purification before being returned to the bloodstream. There are three forms of vascular access: An arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) is a surgical link created by a vascular surgeon. Using microsurgery, the patient's vein is connected to their artery, usually in the arm. This makes the vein bigger as blood flows from the artery. After about 6-8 weeks, when the vein is big enough and its walls are thicker, it can be used for haemodialysis. (https://www. astraveinvascular. com/av-fistula-creation/) 2. An arteriovenous graft (AV graft) involves linking a vein and an artery using a synthetic tube called a graft. This graft is positioned just under the skin's surface. It becomes usable within a couple of weeks after surgery, once the surgical wounds have properly healed. (https://www. azuravascularcare. com/medical-services/dialysis-access-management/av-graft-placement/) 3. Central Venous Catheter (CVC), also known as Permanent Catheter, entails inserting a Y-shaped catheter into a central vein, often the jugular or femoral vein. This arrangement facilitates blood withdrawal from one lumen for passage through the dialysis circuit and subsequent return through the other lumen. The insertion of these catheters can be carried out in an outpatient setting with minimal invasion. (https://www. azuravascularcare. com/infodialysisaccess/difference-between-cvc-and-picc/) CVCs can be categorized as non-tunnelled and tunnelled: Non-tunnelled catheter access is suitable for short-term needs (around 14 days), and the catheter emerges directly from the skin at the point of entry into the vein. Tunnelled catheter access (also referred to as Permanent Catheters) is generally intended for the longer term. It involves a lengthier catheter that is tunnelled beneath the skin from the insertion point in the vein to an exit site at a certain distance away. The internal jugular vein in the neck is often chosen for placement, while the exit site is typically on the chest wall. The tunnel itself acts as a safeguard against invading bacteria. Despite being termed "Permanent Catheters," tunnelled catheters are designed for access in the short- to medium-term, primarily due to the ongoing risk of infection. It is not advisable to keep a tunnelled catheter for more than six months. Central Vein Stenosis: The Risks and Complications of Dialysis Treatment Central Vein Stenosis (CVS) is a significant issue that can arise from the extended usage of Permanent Catheters (Perm Caths). When a catheter is inserted into a vein, it can trigger inflammation in the vein wall due to its foreign nature. This inflammation leads to the formation of scars and subsequent narrowing of the vein, causing a hindrance in the normal blood flow. As a result, CVS can block the proper circulation of blood. (https://link. springer. com/chapter/10. 1007/978-1-4614-8803-3_18) This condition is not uncommon and can have noticeable effects. People with CVS may experience swelling in areas like the face, neck, chest, or upper limbs. These symptoms are a result of the compromised blood flow due to the narrowed vein caused by the inflammatory response and scarring caused by the catheter. Identifying The Optimal Treatment for Patients Experiencing Kidney Failure When it comes to determining the optimal treatment for kidney failure, several crucial considerations come into play. These encompass factors such as your lifestyle, age, existing health conditions, and the presence of a support system. Making this decision should be more than just a reflection of your medical history or your doctor's recommendations; it should also take into account your family's input and your personal preferences. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the available treatment options will empower you to make a well-informed decision that resonates with your unique situation. Quality of Life After Dialysis Positive quality of life after dialysis is attainable as modern techniques allow for flexible scheduling and comfort during treatments. Advancements in technology enhance the dialysis experience, while emotional support and educational resources aid patients and families in coping. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through diet, exercise, and condition management is key. Dialysis doesn't preclude social interactions or hobbies; many patients continue work, travel, and engage in activities they enjoy with some adjustments. Overall, with a combination of modern treatment approaches and personal resilience, dialysis patients can lead fulfilling lives. Support Groups for People with Kidney Disease KidneySG, known as Renal Friends, stands out as a robust support group provided by KDF to ensure comprehensive patient care. Dr. Lina Choong, KDF's Medical Director, established this group in 1997 with a focus on catering to the emotional and psychological needs of dialysis patients and their families. The group's activities encompass offering companionship to those in distress, arranging engaging social events, and conducting informative talks and seminars. These endeavors not only promote mutual support and interaction among patients and families but also boost understanding and awareness about kidney disease. Renal Friends has successfully extended its impact by organizing trips to various places of interest, enhancing the support network and contributing to the enrichment of patients' lives. (https://www. giving. sg/kidney-dialysis-foundation/aap19) The National Kidney Foundation Singapore (NKF) stands as a notable organization in Singapore, dedicated to providing comprehensive support for kidney patients. Their mission goes beyond delivering dialysis services, encompassing vital aspects such as advancing renal research, conducting public education campaigns about kidney diseases, and instituting patient welfare programs. These welfare initiatives aim to assist patients in managing their illnesses, facilitating their reintegration into society, and extending support to their families. With an extensive presence, NKF manages 29 dialysis centers across Singapore, underscoring their unwavering commitment to ensuring accessible and holistic care for individuals grappling with kidney-related challenges. Final Words In summary, understanding kidney function and dialysis treatment reveals the critical role of the kidneys in maintaining bodily balance and eliminating waste. Kidney failure can arise from various causes, prompting the need for dialysis, which revolutionizes medical care. Haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are two main techniques that cater to different needs, with vascular access being crucial for effective treatment. The risks of complications like Central Vein Stenosis highlight the importance of proper care. Ultimately, a positive quality of life is achievable after dialysis, as modern techniques, emotional support, and a healthy lifestyle contribute to patients' well-being. FAQs: What is the role of kidneys in the body? The kidneys function as filters, cleaning around half a cup of blood every minute by removing waste and excess water, creating urine, which then travels through the ureters to the bladder. What conditions can lead to kidney failure? High blood pressure, diabetes, injuries, diseases, and other health conditions can contribute to kidney failure by impairing kidney function. What happens when kidneys aren't working properly? When kidneys fail, waste accumulates in the body. Dialysis becomes necessary to clean the blood and maintain balance by removing excess fluids and waste. How does dialysis work? Haemodialysis involves a machine that purifies blood by removing waste and excess fluids, while peritoneal dialysis uses a special fluid infused into the abdomen to absorb waste, later draining it out. What is vascular access for haemodialysis? Vascular access refers to the technique of creating an entry point into a patient's bloodstream, usually through the veins, to facilitate efficient blood flow for procedures like dialysis. It enables the safe withdrawal and return of blood during treatments, aiding in the effective removal of waste products and excess fluids. Can dialysis impact quality of life? Modern dialysis techniques offer flexibility and comfort, allowing patients to continue social interactions, work, travel, and hobbies with adjustments. References: https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/treatments/14618-dialysis https://medlineplus. gov/ency/patientinstructions/000591. htm https://www. kidney. org/atoz/content/hemoaccess https://www. nephrocare. com/patients-home/living-with-dialysis/access-care https://www. nephrocare. com/patients-home/living-with-dialysis/access-care https://siouxlandvascular. com/dialysis-access-patients-10-common-terms-you-should-know/ Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: dvt singapore, dvt specialist singapore, dvt treatment singapore, deep vein thrombosis treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional 人体静脉的意义和功能 静脉负责将血液从各个器官输送回心脏，而动脉则将富含氧气和营养物质的血液从心脏输送到身体的各个部位。 很多静脉，尤其是手臂和腿部的静脉，都有单向阀。 这些阀门由两个边缘相接的瓣膜组成。 顺着心脏方向流动的血液会使这些瓣膜打开，就像一对只朝一个方向移动的旋转门。 如果重力或肌肉收缩试图逆转血流，或者血液试图在静脉内积聚，这些瓣膜就会自动关闭，防止血液倒流。 因此，这些瓣膜有助于血液回流到心脏，在血液流向心脏时打开，在可能出现逆流时关闭。 (https://veinscarolina. com/a-discussion-about-venous-reflux-with-vein-specialist-dr-david-draughn/) 人体深静脉及其重要作用 位于身体深处的静脉被称为深静脉。 这些静脉明显比浅表静脉大，浅表静脉是靠近身体表面的静脉。 下肢有七条主要的深静脉，包括腘静脉、腓静脉、股深静脉、股总静脉、股静脉、胫前静脉和胫后静脉。 它们的共同作用是运送人体的大部分血量。 然而，这些通道的潜在阻塞会导致严重的生命危险。 这些阻塞会导致深静脉血栓形成（DVT）等病症，在这些深静脉中会出现血凝块。 (https://www. bcm. edu/healthcare/specialties/cardiovascular-medicine/vascular-health/deep-vein-thrombosis) 深静脉血栓概述 深静脉血栓（DVT）是一种在深静脉内形成血栓的病症，通常发生在腿部、大腿、骨盆，有时甚至是手臂。 在新加坡，深静脉血栓的发生并非罕见。 如果您发现自己受到这种疾病的困扰，寻求专业人士的帮助就变得势在必行。 新加坡为解决深静脉血栓问题提供了大量途径。 然而，向精通深静脉血栓的血管外科医生咨询的重要性怎么强调都不为过。 这一点对于患有这种严重疾病的人来说尤为重要。 通过优先考虑精确诊断、因人而异的治疗策略以及全面的患者护理，深静脉血栓患者可以在新加坡境内预见到一流的治疗干预措施。 这反过来又会增强成功康复的前景，并全面提高血管健康水平。 (https://www. venousforum. org/patients/what-is-vein-disease/what-is-deep-vein-thrombosis/) 深静脉血栓的症状 四肢肿胀和触痛：在腿部，表现为小腿肿胀和触痛，并向大腿和腹股沟延伸；在手臂，则从前臂开始，向上延伸至心脏。 心跳过快（心动过速）：心动过速是指心跳过快，即心脏跳动的速度快于正常速度。 这种疾病对心血管健康有潜在影响，因此值得关注。 单独或与肢体肿胀相关的呼吸急促。 这表明有必要立即就医，因为这可能预示着肺栓塞。 深静脉血栓形成的原因和风险因素 深静脉血栓（DVT）是一种在深静脉内形成血凝块的潜在严重疾病，有多种因素可导致这种疾病的发生。 长时间不动，如长时间飞行或旅行期间，会增加深静脉血栓形成的风险。 同样，在涉及四肢、骨盆或腹部的大手术后，风险也会升高。 肥胖和脱水是额外的风险因素，手臂或腿部的重大创伤也是风险因素。 遗传性凝血倾向是导致深静脉血栓形成的另一个因素。 某些疾病，如血管解剖异常（如梅-特纳综合征或帕盖特-施罗特综合征）和潜在的癌症，会使血液更容易凝结（副肿瘤综合征），也会增加深静脉血栓形成的风险。 (https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/17213-may-thurner-syndrome) 深静脉血栓的诊断策略 诊断深静脉血栓（DVT）的过程依赖于保持警惕的怀疑水平，其中包括对个人的风险因素史进行全面评估，并利用超声波扫描显示深静脉内是否存在血凝块。 其他检查包括肺动脉计算机断层扫描（CT），用于评估病情对肺部系统的影响，并判断肺栓塞（PE）的潜在发生率。 此外，在怀疑有 PE 的情况下，通气-灌注扫描可用于确定肺内空气和血液的分布情况，从而更全面地评估患者的健康状况。 还可以启动血液筛查程序，以确定促凝血因子，从而更深入地了解导致深静脉血栓形成的潜在机制。 在怀疑存在潜在恶性肿瘤的情况下，需要对血液中的肿瘤标记物进行仔细检查。 在新加坡治疗深静脉血栓 深静脉血栓的药物治疗包括根据个人病史处方抗凝药物。 这些药物可以防止血凝块的形成，溶解已有的血凝块，一般服用六个月左右就能有效控制病情。 对于广泛性深静脉血栓（DVT）病例，即血栓向上延伸至大腿和骨盆静脉的病例，可采用微创机械治疗和特定药物相结合的方法来解决血栓问题。 这种疗法被称为溶栓疗法，通常在深静脉血栓形成发生后的头两周内进行，目的是利用微创技术溶解血栓。 溶栓疗法可预防深静脉血栓形成的潜在长期并发症，如血栓形成后综合症（PTS）和四肢静脉溃疡。 此外，还可以使用支架等治疗方法来维持受压静脉的通畅。 (https://journals. sagepub. com/doi/10. 1583/10-3088. 1? icid=int. sj-abstract. similar-articles. 2) 预防深静脉血栓形成的策略 深静脉血栓的特点是静脉内有血块，是一种严重但可预防的疾病，可导致残疾甚至死亡。 深静脉血栓（DVT）的一个重要并发症是血栓脱落，导致肺栓塞（PE），其严重程度各不相同。 采取避免长时间卧床休息、穿着渐进式弹力袜、向医生咨询抗凝药物等预防措施，都有助于降低深静脉血栓的风险。 此外，保持健康的体重、避免久坐以及坚持个性化的医疗指导对于降低 VTE 的发生几率也至关重要。 确定新加坡对深静脉血栓专家的需求 对某些症状保持警惕至关重要，因为这些症状的恶化可能预示着需要咨询血管外科医生。 应注意四肢的肿胀和触痛，从小腿开始向大腿和腹股沟延伸，从前臂向上延伸至手臂和心脏。 另一个需要注意的症状是心跳加快，即心动过速，这表明肺静脉中有血块。 此外，无论气短是单独出现还是与肢体肿胀同时出现，都需要立即就医，因为这可能意味着肺栓塞等潜在的严重疾病。 查找新加坡的深静脉血栓专家 血管和介入中心可满足您的血管需求。 我们的血管专家经验丰富，有能力诊断病情并提供个性化的治疗方案。 您可以通过 +65 6694 6270 或发送电子邮件至 enquiry@sgvascularctr. com 与我们联系。 常见问题： 静脉在人体中有什么作用？ 静脉在将各器官的血液送回心脏方面起着至关重要的作用，而动脉则将富含氧气的血液从心脏输送到身体的不同部位。 什么是深静脉及其意义？ 深静脉是位于人体深处的较大静脉，负责输送人体的大部分血液。 然而，它们的阻塞会导致深静脉血栓（DVT）等严重病症，即在这些深静脉内形成血栓。 深静脉血栓形成（DVT）有哪些症状？ 深静脉血栓的症状包括：小腿肿胀和触痛向大腿和腹股沟延伸，前臂肿胀向上延伸至心脏，心跳加快（心动过速）和呼吸急促，这可能预示着潜在的肺栓塞。 深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的风险因素有哪些？ 长期不动、涉及四肢或腹部的重大手术、肥胖、脱水、易凝血的遗传倾向、异常的血管解剖结构以及潜在的癌症都是导致深静脉血栓形成的一些风险因素。 如何诊断和治疗深静脉血栓形成（DVT）？ 诊断包括评估风险因素和使用超声波扫描检测血凝块。 在疑似肺栓塞的病例中，会使用计算机断层扫描（CT）和通气灌注扫描。 治疗方法包括使用抗凝药物进行药物干预，以及在大量病例中使用溶栓等微创机械治疗来溶解血栓并预防长期并发症。 https://www. singhealth. com. sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/deep-vein-thrombosis-DVT https://www. sgvascularctr. com/deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt-what-is-it-and-how-is-it-treated/ https://www. cdc. gov/ncbddd/dvt/facts. html https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis/symptoms-causes https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/16911-deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt https://www. hopkinsmedicine. org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/percutaneous-transcatheter-treatment-of-deep-venous-thrombosis-dvt https://www. webmd. com/dvt/dvt-surgery-and-procedures 陈敏琪博士简介 Chen Min Qi 医生于 2005 年毕业于新加坡国立大学，是一名受过研究培训的血管和血管内外科医生。 随后，他完成了普通外科和血管外科的基础和高级培训，并于 2010 年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院成员（MRCSed）资格，2015 年获得医学硕士（普通外科）资格。 随后，陈医生成功通过了研究员考试，于2016年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院研究员（FRCSed）资格。 完成高级外科培训后，陈敏齐医生加入了新开业的伍廷芳综合医院（NTFGH），成为血管外科的一名专科医生。 2018年，陈医生获得卫生部卫生人力发展计划（HMDP）资助，赴英国伦敦国际知名的圣玛丽医院进一步接受血管亚专科培训。 在那里，陈医生在复杂的腹主动脉瘤和胸腹主动脉瘤手术、EVAR 手术失败后的腹主动脉瘤重做开放式修复手术以及颈动脉内膜剥脱手术和下肢血管重建手术方面积累了更多经验。 2020 年回国后，Chen Min Qi 医生加入了新成立的兀兰健康中心，担任血管服务部门的负责人，并于 2023 年 1 月在血管和介入中心开始了目前的工作。 --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: dvt specialist singapore, dvt treatment singapore, deep vein thrombosis treatment Singapore, dvt singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Tầm quan trọng và chức năng của tĩnh mạch trong cơ thể con người Tĩnh mạch chịu trách nhiệm đưa máu từ các cơ quan khác nhau trở lại tim, trong khi các động mạch vận chuyển máu giàu oxy chứa chất dinh dưỡng ra khỏi tim đến các bộ phận khác nhau của cơ thể. Một số lượng đáng kể các tĩnh mạch, đặc biệt là những tĩnh mạch được tìm thấy ở cánh tay và chân, sở hữu van một chiều. Các van này bao gồm hai nắp gặp nhau ở các cạnh của chúng. Máu chảy theo hướng tim khiến các nắp này mở ra, hoạt động giống như một cặp cửa xoay chỉ di chuyển theo một hướng. Nếu lực hấp dẫn hoặc co thắt cơ cố gắng đảo ngược lưu lượng máu, hoặc nếu máu cố gắng tích tụ trong tĩnh mạch, các nắp này sẽ tự động đóng lại, ngăn chặn bất kỳ chuyển động máu ngược nào. Do đó, các van này hỗ trợ quá trình máu trở về tim, mở ra trong quá trình máu chảy về tim và đóng lại khi tiềm năng dòng chảy ngược phát sinh. (https://veinscarolina. com/a-discussion-about-venous-reflux-with-vein-specialist-dr-david-draughn/) Tĩnh mạch sâu trong cơ thể con người và vai trò quan trọng của chúng Các tĩnh mạch nằm trong độ sâu của cơ thể, được công nhận là tĩnh mạch sâu. Chúng lớn hơn đáng kể so với tĩnh mạch nông, là những tĩnh mạch nằm gần bề mặt cơ thể. Các chi dưới chứa bảy tĩnh mạch sâu chính, bao gồm xương đùi popleal, peroneal, profunda femoris, common femoral, femoral, anterial tibial, và postior tibial. Vai trò tập thể của họ liên quan đến việc vận chuyển một phần đáng kể thể tích máu của cơ thể. Tuy nhiên, sự tắc nghẽn tiềm ẩn trong các con đường này dẫn đến những tác động nghiêm trọng đe dọa tính mạng. Những tắc nghẽn này làm phát sinh các tình trạng như huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT), nơi cục máu đông biểu hiện trong các tĩnh mạch sâu này. (https://www. bcm. edu/healthcare/specialties/cardiovascular-medicine/vascular-health/deep-vein-thrombosis) Tổng quan về huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) là một tình trạng y tế trong đó cục máu đông hình thành trong tĩnh mạch sâu, thường xảy ra ở chân, đùi, xương chậu và đôi khi, thậm chí cả cánh tay. Sự xuất hiện của DVT ở Singapore không phải là một hiện tượng bất thường. Nếu bạn thấy mình bị ảnh hưởng bởi căn bệnh này, việc tranh thủ sự trợ giúp chuyên nghiệp trở nên bắt buộc. Singapore cung cấp rất nhiều con đường để giải quyết huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu. Tuy nhiên, tầm quan trọng của việc tham khảo ý kiến của một bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu thành thạo chuyên về DVT không thể được phóng đại. Điều này đặc biệt quan trọng đối với những người vật lộn với tình trạng y tế nghiêm trọng này. Bằng cách ưu tiên chẩn đoán chính xác, điều chỉnh chiến lược điều trị cho từng cá nhân và mở rộng chăm sóc bệnh nhân toàn diện, những người đang tranh chấp DVT có thể dự đoán các can thiệp điều trị bậc nhất ở Singapore. Điều này, đến lượt nó, làm tăng triển vọng của một hành trình phục hồi thành công và tăng cường tổng thể sức khỏe mạch máu. (https://www. venousforum. org/patients/what-is-vein-disease/what-is-deep-vein-thrombosis/) Triệu chứng huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu Sưng và đau ở chân tay: Điều này biểu hiện là sưng và đau bắt nguồn từ bắp chân kéo dài về phía đùi và háng ở chân, trong khi ở cánh tay, nó bắt đầu ở cẳng tay và tiến lên về phía tim. Nhịp tim nhanh (nhịp tim nhanh): Nhịp tim nhanh đề cập đến nhịp tim nhanh, nơi tim đập nhanh hơn bình thường. Đó là một tình trạng cần được chú ý do tác động tiềm tàng của nó đối với sức khỏe tim mạch. Khó thở, độc lập hoặc tương quan với sưng chân tay. Điều này báo hiệu sự cần thiết phải chăm sóc y tế ngay lập tức, vì nó có thể chỉ ra thuyên tắc phổi. Nguyên nhân và yếu tố nguy cơ gây huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu Một số yếu tố có thể góp phần vào sự phát triển của huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT), một tình trạng nghiêm trọng tiềm tàng nơi cục máu đông hình thành trong các tĩnh mạch sâu. Bất động trong thời gian dài, chẳng hạn như trong các chuyến bay kéo dài hoặc hành trình du lịch, làm tăng nguy cơ DVT. Tương tự, sau các thủ tục phẫu thuật lớn liên quan đến chân tay, xương chậu hoặc bụng, nguy cơ sẽ tăng lên. Béo phì và mất nước là những yếu tố nguy cơ bổ sung, cũng như chấn thương lớn ở cánh tay hoặc chân. Khuynh hướng di truyền đối với đông máu là một yếu tố khác có thể gây ra DVT phát sinh. Một số điều kiện như giải phẫu mạch máu bất thường (như hội chứng May-Thurner hoặc hội chứng Paget-Schroetter) và sự hiện diện của ung thư tiềm ẩn, có thể làm cho máu dễ bị đông máu hơn (hội chứng cận ung thư), cũng góp phần làm tăng nguy cơ phát triển DVT. (https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/17213-may-thurner-syndrome) Chiến lược chẩn đoán huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu Quá trình chẩn đoán huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) dựa vào việc duy trì mức độ nghi ngờ thận trọng, bao gồm đánh giá toàn diện về lịch sử yếu tố nguy cơ của một cá nhân với việc sử dụng siêu âm quét cho thấy sự hiện diện của cục máu đông trong tĩnh mạch sâu. Các xét nghiệm bổ sung bao gồm chụp cắt lớp vi tính (CT) các động mạch phổi, được sử dụng để đánh giá tác động của tình trạng này đối với hệ thống phổi và để đánh giá khả năng xảy ra thuyên tắc phổi (PE). Hơn nữa, trong trường hợp nghi ngờ mắc PE, chụp thông khí-tưới máu được sử dụng để xác định sự phân bố không khí và máu trong phổi, tạo điều kiện đánh giá toàn diện hơn về sức khỏe của bệnh nhân. Một quá trình sàng lọc máu cũng có thể được bắt đầu để xác định các yếu tố đông máu, do đó cung cấp những hiểu biết sâu sắc hơn về các cơ chế cơ bản góp phần vào sự phát triển DVT. Trong trường hợp nghi ngờ sự hiện diện của một khối u ác tính tiềm ẩn, một cuộc thăm dò siêng năng mở rộng để bao gồm các dấu hiệu khối u trong máu. Điều trị huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu ở Singapore Phương pháp điều trị dược lý cho DVT liên quan đến việc kê toa thuốc chống đông máu phù hợp với lịch sử y tế của một cá nhân. Những loại thuốc này ngăn ngừa sự hình thành cục máu đông, làm tan các cục máu đông hiện có và thường được dùng trong khoảng sáu tháng để quản lý hiệu quả tình trạng này. Đối với các trường hợp huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu lan rộng (DVT), trong đó cục máu đông kéo dài lên trên liên quan đến tĩnh mạch đùi và vùng chậu, một phương pháp kết hợp liên quan đến điều trị cơ học xâm lấn tối thiểu và các loại thuốc cụ thể có thể được sử dụng để giải quyết cục máu đông. Được gọi là tiêu huyết khối, thủ tục này thường được thực hiện trong vòng hai tuần đầu tiên sau khi khởi phát DVT và nhằm mục đích làm tan cục máu đông bằng các kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu. Tiêu huyết khối phục vụ như một biện pháp phòng ngừa chống lại các biến chứng lâu dài tiềm ẩn của DVT, chẳng hạn như Hội chứng sau huyết khối (PTS) và loét tĩnh mạch ở các chi. Ngoài ra, các phương pháp điều trị như sử dụng stent có thể được sử dụng để duy trì sự kiên nhẫn của tĩnh mạch nén. (https://journals. sagepub. com/doi/10. 1583/10-3088. 1? icid=int. sj-abstract. similar-articles. 2) Chiến lược ngăn ngừa huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu được đặc trưng bởi cục máu đông trong tĩnh mạch, là một tình trạng y tế nghiêm trọng nhưng có thể phòng ngừa được có thể dẫn đến tàn tật và thậm chí tử vong. Một biến chứng nghiêm trọng của huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) là khi cục máu đông vỡ ra, gây thuyên tắc phổi (PE), có thể khác nhau về mức độ nghiêm trọng. Thực hiện các bước như tránh nghỉ ngơi trên giường kéo dài, mang vớ nén chia độ và tham khảo ý kiến bác sĩ về các biện pháp phòng ngừa như thuốc chống đông máu có thể giúp giảm thiểu nguy cơ DVT. Ngoài ra, duy trì cân nặng khỏe mạnh, tránh ngồi lâu và tuân thủ hướng dẫn y tế cá nhân là điều cần thiết trong việc giảm nguy cơ VTE. Xác định sự cần thiết của một chuyên gia huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu ở Singapore Cảnh giác về một số triệu chứng nhất định là rất quan trọng, vì sự xấu đi của chúng có thể báo hiệu sự cần thiết phải tham khảo ý kiến bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu. Sưng và đau ở chân tay, bắt đầu từ bắp chân và kéo dài về phía đùi và háng ở chân, và từ cẳng tay trở lên về phía cánh tay và tim, cần được lưu ý. Nhịp tim nhanh, được gọi là nhịp tim nhanh, gợi ý cục máu đông trong tĩnh mạch phổi, là một triệu chứng khác cần lưu ý. Ngoài ra, khó thở, cho dù xảy ra độc lập hoặc tương quan với sưng chi, đòi hỏi sự chăm sóc y tế ngay lập tức, vì nó có thể biểu thị một tình trạng nghiêm trọng tiềm ẩn như thuyên tắc phổi. Tìm một chuyên gia huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu ở Singapore Trung tâm Mạch máu và Can thiệp ở đây để giải quyết nhu cầu mạch máu của bạn. Các chuyên gia mạch máu giàu kinh nghiệm của chúng tôi được trang bị tốt để chẩn đoán tình trạng và cung cấp các kế hoạch điều trị cá nhân. Bạn có thể liên hệ với chúng tôi qua +65 6694 6270 hoặc bằng cách gửi e-mail cho chúng tôi theo enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. Câu hỏi thường gặp: Vai trò của tĩnh mạch trong cơ thể con người là gì? Tĩnh mạch đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc đưa máu từ các cơ quan khác nhau trở lại tim, trong khi các động mạch vận chuyển máu giàu oxy ra khỏi tim đến các bộ phận khác nhau của cơ thể. Tĩnh mạch sâu là gì và ý nghĩa của chúng? Tĩnh mạch sâu là các tĩnh mạch lớn hơn nằm trong độ sâu của cơ thể, chịu trách nhiệm vận chuyển một phần đáng kể thể tích máu của cơ thể. Tuy nhiên, sự tắc nghẽn của chúng có thể dẫn đến các tình trạng nghiêm trọng như huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT), nơi cục máu đông hình thành trong các tĩnh mạch sâu này. Các triệu chứng của huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) là gì? Các triệu chứng của DVT bao gồm sưng và đau bắt nguồn từ bắp chân kéo dài về phía đùi và háng ở chân, sưng bắt nguồn từ cẳng tay tiến triển lên trên về phía tim ở cánh tay, nhịp tim nhanh (nhịp tim nhanh) và khó thở, có thể cho thấy thuyên tắc phổi tiềm ẩn. Các yếu tố nguy cơ phát triển huyết khối tĩnh... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: dialysis procedure singapore, types of dialysis access singapore, dialysis - Translation Priorities: Optional 肾功能和透析治疗概述 在健康的身体中，肾脏起着过滤器的作用，每分钟能清洁约半杯血液。 它们排出废物和多余的水分，形成尿液。 然后，尿液通过细长的肌肉管道（膀胱两侧各一条）从肾脏进入膀胱。 膀胱会储存这些尿液，直到需要排出时才排出。 所有这些部分--肾脏、输尿管和膀胱--共同组成了您的尿路。 (https://visualsonline. cancer. gov/details. cfm? imageid=9050) 患有高血压和糖尿病等疾病会增加患肾衰竭的几率。 肾衰竭也可能来自身体损伤、疾病和其他病症等伤害性来源。 当肾脏工作不正常时，废物就会在体内堆积。 透析接手了清洁血液的工作，通过排出多余的液体和废物来保持身体平衡。 此外，它还有助于控制血压，这对人体健康非常重要。 透析为医疗带来了革命性的变化，已发展成为治疗肾功能障碍的关键疗法。 它已成为解决肾衰竭的标准方法。 此后，这一干预措施改变了全世界无数人的生活。 新加坡的透析类型和透析程序 透析主要有两种技术：血液透析和腹膜透析。 强烈建议您咨询医生，探索这些替代方法，并确定哪种最符合您的生活方式和病情。 (https://www. kdf. org. sg/haemodialysis) 血液透析能更有效地清除毒素，恢复盐分的正常平衡。 通常每周安排 2-3 次课程。 在血液透析过程中，一台机器会从您的身体中抽取血液，通过一个称为透析器的装置，然后将净化后的血液重新输入到您的体内。 这种透析器就像一个人工肾脏，内含一个过滤器，能有效分离血液中的废物。 每次血液透析一般需要 3 到 5 个小时。 为此，我们在血液中建立了一个专门的入口。 这个入口也被称为透析通道。 可采用各种接入方式，包括动静脉瘘、移植物或中心静脉导管。 (https://www. kidney. org/content/what-peritoneal-dialysis) 另一方面，腹膜透析遵循一种独特的方法。 在这种方法中，使用导管将一种特殊的液体注入腹腔，更准确地说，是腹膜腔。 这种独特的液体能够吸收血液中的废物和过多的液体。 几个小时后，体内的液体和积聚的毒素就会被排出体外。 腹膜透析的优点是可以在家中进行，但由于其效率相对较低，需要每天进行。 要开始腹膜透析，患者通常要接受一个小手术，将导管插入腹腔。 新加坡透析通道的类型 用于血液透析的血管通路是指在患者手臂（或腿部）上建立浅表高流量导管，以方便进入血液循环系统的技术。 该程序使肾衰竭患者能够进行血液透析。 无论肾衰竭的根本原因是什么，所有接受透析的患者都必须建立血管通路。 这种通路允许血液通过这些管道流入透析机，经过净化后再返回血液。 血管通路有三种形式： 动静脉瘘（AV fistula）是由血管外科医生创建的手术连接。 通过显微外科手术，将患者的静脉与动脉连接起来，通常是在手臂上。 当血液从动脉流出时，静脉就会变大。 大约 6-8 周后，当静脉足够大、静脉壁变厚时，就可以用于血液透析。 (https://www. astraveinvascular. com/av-fistula-creation/) 2. 动静脉移植物（AV graft）是指使用一种称为移植物的合成管连接静脉和动脉。 这种移植物位于皮肤表面下。 手术后几周内，一旦手术伤口完全愈合，它就可以使用了。 (https://www. azuravascularcare. com/medical-services/dialysis-access-management/av-graft-placement/) 3. 中心静脉导管（CVC）又称永久导管，需要将一根 Y 形导管插入中心静脉，通常是颈静脉或股静脉。 这种布置便于血液从一个管腔抽出，通过透析回路，然后从另一个管腔回流。 这些导管的插入可在门诊环境下进行，侵入程度极低。 (https://www. azuravascularcare. com/infodialysisaccess/difference-between-cvc-and-picc/) CVC 可分为非隧道式和隧道式两种： 无隧道导管入路适用于短期需要（约 14 天），导管直接从皮肤进入静脉。 隧道式导管通路（也称为永久导管）一般用于较长期的治疗。 它是将一根较长的导管从静脉的插入点穿入皮下一定距离的出口处。 通常选择颈部的颈内静脉进行置管，而出口部位通常在胸壁上。 隧道本身就能抵御细菌入侵。 尽管被称为 "永久性导管"，但隧道式导管是为中短期使用而设计的，这主要是考虑到持续感染的风险。 保留隧道导管的时间不宜超过六个月。 中央静脉狭窄：透析治疗的风险和并发症 中心静脉狭窄（CVS）是长期使用永久导管（Perm Caths）可能导致的一个重要问题。 当导管插入静脉时，由于其外来性质，可能会引发静脉壁发炎。 这种炎症会形成疤痕，进而导致静脉狭窄，阻碍正常血流。 因此，CVS 会阻碍血液的正常循环。 (https://link. springer. com/chapter/10. 1007/978-1-4614-8803-3_18) 这种情况并不少见，而且会产生明显的影响。 CVS 患者的面部、颈部、胸部或上肢等部位可能会出现肿胀。 这些症状是由于导管引起的炎症反应和疤痕导致静脉狭窄，从而影响了血流量。 确定肾衰竭患者的最佳治疗方法 在确定肾衰竭的最佳治疗方法时，有几个重要的考虑因素会发挥作用。 这些因素包括您的生活方式、年龄、现有的健康状况以及是否有支持系统。 做出这一决定时，不仅要考虑您的病史或医生的建议，还要考虑您家人的意见和您的个人偏好。 全面了解现有的治疗方案，将使您能够根据自己的独特情况做出明智的决定。 透析后的生活质量 透析后可以获得积极的生活质量，因为现代技术可以实现灵活的时间安排和舒适的治疗。 先进的技术改善了透析体验，而情感支持和教育资源则帮助患者和家属应对透析问题。 通过饮食、运动和病情控制来保持健康的生活方式是关键。 透析并不妨碍社交互动或兴趣爱好；许多患者经过一些调整后仍能继续工作、旅行和从事自己喜欢的活动。 总之，结合现代治疗方法和个人恢复能力，透析患者可以过上充实的生活。 肾病患者支持小组 KidneySG 被称为 "肾脏之友"，是 KDF 为确保患者得到全面护理而提供的一个强大的支持团体。 KDF 医疗总监 Lina Choong 博士于 1997 年成立了该小组，主要致力于满足透析患者及其家属的情感和心理需求。 该小组的活动包括为处于困境中的人提供陪伴、安排引人入胜的社交活动以及举办内容丰富的讲座和研讨会。 这些活动不仅促进了患者和家属之间的相互支持和互动，还提高了他们对肾病的了解和认识。 肾病之友 "成功地扩大了其影响，组织了前往不同名胜古迹的旅行，加强了支持网络，并为丰富患者的生活做出了贡献。 (https://www. giving. sg/kidney-dialysis-foundation/aap19) 新加坡国家肾脏基金会（NKF） 是新加坡的一个著名组织，致力于为肾病患者提供全面的支持。 他们的使命不仅仅是提供透析服务，还包括推进肾脏病研究、开展有关肾脏病的公众教育活动以及制定患者福利计划等重要方面。 这些福利措施旨在帮助病人控制病情，帮助他们重新融入社会，并为其家人提供支持。 NKF 的业务范围广泛，在新加坡各地管理着 29 家透析中心，彰显了其确保为肾脏相关疾病患者提供便捷、全面护理的坚定承诺。 最后的话 总之，通过了解肾功能和透析治疗，我们可以发现肾脏在维持身体平衡和排出废物方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 肾功能衰竭可由各种原因引起，因此需要进行透析，这给医疗保健带来了革命性的变化。 血液透析和腹膜透析是满足不同需求的两种主要技术，其中血管通路是有效治疗的关键。 中央静脉狭窄等并发症的风险凸显了适当护理的重要性。 由于现代技术、情感支持和健康的生活方式有助于提高患者的生活质量，因此透析后患者最终可以获得积极的生活质量。 常见问题： 肾脏在人体内有什么作用？ 肾脏起着过滤器的作用，每分钟清除约半杯血液中的废物和多余水分，生成尿液，然后通过输尿管到达膀胱。 哪些情况会导致肾衰竭？ 高血压、糖尿病、外伤、疾病和其他健康状况都会损害肾功能，从而导致肾衰竭。 肾脏工作不正常会怎样？ 当肾功能衰竭时，废物就会在体内积聚。 透析可清除多余的液体和废物，从而清洁血液并保持平衡。 透析是如何进行的？ 血液透析是通过机器清除废物和多余液体来净化血液，而腹膜透析则是利用注入腹腔的特殊液体来吸收废物，然后将其排出体外。 什么是血液透析的血管通路？ 血管通路指的是在病人的血液中建立一个入口的技术，通常是通过静脉，以促进血液的有效流动，从而进行透析等手术。 它能在治疗过程中安全地抽出和回流血液，帮助有效清除废物和多余的液体。 透析会影响生活质量吗？ 现代透析技术具有灵活性和舒适性，患者可以通过调整继续进行社交、工作、旅行和业余爱好。 参考： https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/treatments/14618-dialysis https://medlineplus. gov/ency/patientinstructions/000591. htm https://www. kidney. org/atoz/content/hemoaccess https://www. nephrocare. com/patients-home/living-with-dialysis/access-care https://www. nephrocare. com/patients-home/living-with-dialysis/access-care https://siouxlandvascular. com/dialysis-access-patients-10-common-terms-you-should-know/ 陈敏琪博士简介 Chen Min Qi 医生于 2005 年毕业于新加坡国立大学，是一名受过研究培训的血管和血管内外科医生。 随后，他完成了普通外科和血管外科的基础和高级培训，并于 2010 年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院成员（MRCSed）资格，2015 年获得医学硕士（普通外科）资格。 随后，陈医生成功通过了研究员考试，于2016年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院研究员（FRCSed）资格。 完成高级外科培训后，陈敏齐医生加入了新开业的伍廷芳综合医院（NTFGH），成为血管外科的一名专科医生。 2018年，陈医生获得卫生部卫生人力发展计划（HMDP）资助，赴英国伦敦国际知名的圣玛丽医院进一步接受血管亚专科培训。 在那里，陈医生在复杂的腹主动脉瘤和胸腹主动脉瘤手术、EVAR 手术失败后的腹主动脉瘤重做开放式修复手术以及颈动脉内膜剥脱手术和下肢血管重建手术方面积累了更多经验。 2020 年回国后，Chen Min Qi 医生加入了新成立的兀兰健康中心，担任血管服务部门的负责人，并于 2023 年 1 月在血管和介入中心开始了目前的工作。 --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: types of dialysis access singapore, dialysis, dialysis procedure singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Tổng quan về chức năng thận &; điều trị lọc máu Trong một cơ thể khỏe mạnh, thận hoạt động như các bộ lọc và làm sạch khoảng nửa cốc máu mỗi phút. Họ lấy chất thải và thêm nước, tạo ra nước tiểu. Nước tiểu này sau đó đi từ thận đến bàng quang thông qua các ống mỏng, cơ bắp được gọi là niệu quản - một ở mỗi bên của bàng quang. Bàng quang giữ nước tiểu này cho đến khi đến lúc giải phóng nó. Tất cả các bộ phận này - thận, niệu quản và bàng quang - kết hợp với nhau để tạo thành đường tiết niệu của bạn. (https://visualsonline. cancer. gov/details. cfm? imageid=9050) Có các điều kiện như huyết áp cao và tiểu đường làm tăng cơ hội phát triển suy thận. Suy thận cũng có thể đến từ các nguồn gây tổn thương như chấn thương thể chất, bệnh tật và các tình trạng khác. Khi thận của bạn không hoạt động bình thường, chất thải có thể tích tụ trong cơ thể bạn. Lọc máu đảm nhận công việc làm sạch máu của bạn, giữ cho cơ thể cân bằng bằng cách loại bỏ thêm chất lỏng và chất thải. Thêm vào đó, nó giúp kiểm soát huyết áp của bạn, điều này rất quan trọng đối với sức khỏe của bạn. Cách mạng hóa chăm sóc y tế, lọc máu đã phát triển thành một phương pháp điều trị quan trọng cho sự cố thận. Nó nổi lên như một cách tiếp cận tiêu chuẩn trong việc giải quyết suy thận. Sự can thiệp này kể từ đó đã thay đổi cuộc sống của vô số cá nhân trên toàn thế giới. Các loại thủ tục lọc máu &; lọc máu ở Singapore Khi nói đến lọc máu, có hai kỹ thuật chính: chạy thận nhân tạo và lọc màng bụng. Chúng tôi khuyên bạn nên tham khảo ý kiến bác sĩ để khám phá những lựa chọn thay thế này và xác định lựa chọn nào phù hợp nhất với lối sống và tình trạng của bạn. (https://www. kdf. org. sg/haemodialysis) Chạy thận nhân tạo hiệu quả hơn trong việc loại bỏ độc tố và khôi phục lại sự cân bằng muối thích hợp. Nó thường được lên lịch cho 2-3 buổi mỗi tuần. Trong quá trình chạy thận nhân tạo, một máy chiết xuất máu từ cơ thể bạn, chuyển nó qua một thiết bị được gọi là máy lọc máu và đưa máu tinh khiết trở lại hệ thống của bạn. Máy lọc máu này phục vụ như một quả thận nhân tạo, chứa một bộ lọc có hiệu quả phân tách chất thải từ máu của bạn. Mỗi buổi chạy thận nhân tạo thường mất khoảng 3 đến 5 giờ để hoàn thành. Để tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho việc này, một điểm nhập cảnh chuyên biệt được thiết lập vào máu của bạn. Điểm vào này còn được gọi là tiếp cận lọc máu. Các hình thức tiếp cận khác nhau có thể được sử dụng, bao gồm rò động tĩnh mạch, mảnh ghép hoặc ống thông tĩnh mạch trung tâm. (https://www. kidney. org/content/what-peritoneal-dialysis) Mặt khác, lọc màng bụng theo một phương pháp riêng biệt. Trong phương pháp này, một ống thông được sử dụng để truyền một chất lỏng chuyên dụng vào khoang bụng của bạn, chính xác hơn được gọi là khoang phúc mạc. Chất lỏng độc đáo này có khả năng hấp thụ chất thải và chất lỏng quá mức từ máu của bạn. Sau một khoảng thời gian, chất lỏng, cùng với các độc tố tích lũy, được rút ra khỏi cơ thể bạn. Lọc màng bụng có ưu điểm là tại nhà; Tuy nhiên, do hiệu quả tương đối thấp hơn, nó cần phải được thực hiện hàng ngày. Để bắt đầu lọc màng bụng, bệnh nhân thường trải qua một thủ tục phẫu thuật nhỏ để đặt ống thông vào khoang phúc mạc. Các loại hình tiếp cận lọc máu ở Singapore Tiếp cận mạch máu để chạy thận nhân tạo liên quan đến kỹ thuật tạo ra một ống dẫn dòng chảy cao bề mặt trên cánh tay (hoặc chân) của bệnh nhân để tạo điều kiện dễ dàng tiếp cận với hệ thống lưu thông máu. Thủ tục này trao quyền cho những người bị suy thận trải qua chạy thận nhân tạo. Bất kể nguyên nhân cơ bản của suy thận, tất cả bệnh nhân lọc máu phải được thiết lập tiếp cận mạch máu. Sự tiếp cận này cho phép máu chảy qua các ống này vào máy lọc máu, nơi nó trải qua quá trình thanh lọc trước khi được đưa trở lại máu. Có ba hình thức tiếp cận mạch máu: Một lỗ rò động tĩnh mạch (lỗ rò AV) là một liên kết phẫu thuật được tạo ra bởi một bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu. Sử dụng vi phẫu, tĩnh mạch của bệnh nhân được kết nối với động mạch của họ, thường là ở cánh tay. Điều này làm cho tĩnh mạch lớn hơn khi máu chảy từ động mạch. Sau khoảng 6-8 tuần, khi tĩnh mạch đủ lớn và thành dày hơn, nó có thể được sử dụng để chạy thận nhân tạo. (https://www. astraveinvascular. com/av-fistula-creation/) 2. Ghép động tĩnh mạch (ghép AV) liên quan đến việc liên kết tĩnh mạch và động mạch bằng ống tổng hợp gọi là ghép. Mảnh ghép này được đặt ngay dưới bề mặt da. Nó trở nên có thể sử dụng trong vòng một vài tuần sau khi phẫu thuật, một khi vết thương phẫu thuật đã lành đúng cách. (https://www. azuravascularcare. com/medical-services/dialysis-access-management/av-graft-placement/) 3. Ống thông tĩnh mạch trung tâm (CVC), còn được gọi là ống thông vĩnh viễn, đòi hỏi phải đưa ống thông hình chữ Y vào tĩnh mạch trung tâm, thường là tĩnh mạch cổ hoặc tĩnh mạch đùi. Sự sắp xếp này tạo điều kiện cho việc rút máu từ một lòng để đi qua mạch lọc máu và sau đó quay trở lại qua lòng kia. Việc đặt các ống thông này có thể được thực hiện trong môi trường ngoại trú với sự xâm lấn tối thiểu. (https://www. azuravascularcare. com/infodialysisaccess/difference-between-cvc-and-picc/) CVC có thể được phân loại là không có đường hầm và đường hầm: Tiếp cận ống thông không có đường hầm phù hợp với nhu cầu ngắn hạn (khoảng 14 ngày) và ống thông nổi lên trực tiếp từ da tại điểm xâm nhập vào tĩnh mạch. Truy cập ống thông đường hầm (còn được gọi là Ống thông vĩnh viễn) thường được dành cho thời gian dài hơn. Nó liên quan đến một ống thông dài hơn được đào hầm bên dưới da từ điểm chèn trong tĩnh mạch đến vị trí thoát ở một khoảng cách nhất định. Tĩnh mạch cổ bên trong ở cổ thường được chọn để đặt, trong khi vị trí thoát thường nằm trên thành ngực. Bản thân đường hầm hoạt động như một biện pháp bảo vệ chống lại vi khuẩn xâm nhập. Mặc dù được gọi là "Ống thông vĩnh viễn", ống thông đường hầm được thiết kế để tiếp cận trong ngắn hạn đến trung hạn, chủ yếu là do nguy cơ nhiễm trùng liên tục. Không nên giữ ống thông đường hầm trong hơn sáu tháng. Hẹp tĩnh mạch trung tâm: Những rủi ro và biến chứng của điều trị lọc máu Hẹp tĩnh mạch trung tâm (CVS) là một vấn đề quan trọng có thể phát sinh từ việc sử dụng mở rộng ống thông vĩnh viễn (Perm Caths). Khi một ống thông được đưa vào tĩnh mạch, nó có thể gây viêm trong thành tĩnh mạch do tính chất lạ của nó. Tình trạng viêm này dẫn đến sự hình thành các vết sẹo và thu hẹp tĩnh mạch sau đó, gây trở ngại cho lưu lượng máu bình thường. Kết quả là, CVS có thể ngăn chặn sự lưu thông thích hợp của máu. (https://link. springer. com/chapter/10. 1007/978-1-4614-8803-3_18) Tình trạng này không phải là hiếm và có thể có tác dụng đáng chú ý. Những người bị CVS có thể bị sưng ở các khu vực như mặt, cổ, ngực hoặc chi trên. Những triệu chứng này là kết quả của lưu lượng máu bị tổn thương do tĩnh mạch bị thu hẹp do phản ứng viêm và sẹo do ống thông gây ra. Xác định phương pháp điều trị tối ưu cho bệnh nhân suy thận Khi nói đến việc xác định phương pháp điều trị tối ưu cho suy thận, một số cân nhắc quan trọng phát huy tác dụng. Chúng bao gồm các yếu tố như lối sống, tuổi tác, tình trạng sức khỏe hiện tại và sự hiện diện của hệ thống hỗ trợ. Đưa ra quyết định này không chỉ là sự phản ánh lịch sử y tế của bạn hoặc các khuyến nghị của bác sĩ; Nó cũng nên tính đến đầu vào của gia đình bạn và sở thích cá nhân của bạn. Đạt được sự hiểu biết toàn diện về các lựa chọn điều trị có sẵn sẽ trao quyền cho bạn đưa ra quyết định sáng suốt phù hợp với tình huống độc đáo của bạn. Chất lượng cuộc sống sau lọc máu Chất lượng cuộc sống tích cực sau khi lọc máu là có thể đạt được vì các kỹ thuật hiện đại cho phép lên lịch linh hoạt và thoải mái trong quá trình điều trị. Những tiến bộ trong công nghệ nâng cao trải nghiệm lọc máu, trong khi hỗ trợ tinh thần và tài nguyên giáo dục hỗ trợ bệnh nhân và gia đình đối phó. Duy trì lối sống lành mạnh thông qua chế độ ăn uống, tập thể dục và quản lý tình trạng là chìa khóa. Lọc máu không loại trừ các tương tác xã hội hoặc sở thích; Nhiều bệnh nhân tiếp tục làm việc, đi du lịch và tham gia vào các hoạt động mà họ thích với một số điều chỉnh. Nhìn chung, với sự kết hợp của các phương pháp điều trị hiện đại và khả năng phục hồi cá nhân, bệnh nhân lọc máu có thể có cuộc sống trọn vẹn. Nhóm hỗ trợ cho người bị bệnh thận ThậnSG, được gọi là Renal Friends, nổi bật như một nhóm hỗ trợ mạnh mẽ do KDF cung cấp để đảm bảo chăm sóc bệnh nhân toàn diện. Bác sĩ Lina Choong, Giám đốc Y khoa của KDF, đã thành lập nhóm này vào năm 1997 với trọng tâm là phục vụ nhu cầu tình cảm và tâm lý của bệnh nhân lọc máu và gia đình họ. Các hoạt động của nhóm bao gồm cung cấp sự đồng hành cho những người gặp nạn, sắp xếp các sự kiện xã hội hấp dẫn và thực hiện các cuộc nói chuyện và hội thảo thông tin. Những nỗ lực này không chỉ thúc đẩy sự hỗ trợ và tương tác lẫn nhau giữa bệnh nhân và gia đình mà còn thúc đẩy sự hiểu biết và nhận thức về bệnh thận. Renal Friends đã mở rộng thành công tác động của mình bằng cách tổ chức các chuyến đi đến nhiều địa điểm yêu thích khác nhau, tăng cường mạng lưới hỗ trợ và góp phần làm phong phú thêm cuộc sống của bệnh nhân. (https://www. giving. sg/kidney-dialysis-foundation/aap19) Quỹ Thận Quốc gia Singapore (NKF) là một tổ chức đáng chú ý ở Singapore, chuyên cung cấp hỗ trợ toàn diện cho bệnh nhân thận. Nhiệm vụ của họ vượt ra ngoài việc cung cấp các dịch vụ lọc máu, bao gồm các khía cạnh quan trọng như thúc đẩy nghiên cứu thận, thực hiện các chiến dịch giáo dục cộng đồng về bệnh thận và thiết lập các chương trình phúc... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: carotid artery disease treatment - Translation Priorities: 可选 Carotid arteries, vital vessels in your neck, supply blood to your brain and head. Carotid artery disease occurs when these arteries narrow due to plaque buildup, mainly fat, cholesterol, and calcium. This condition can lead to blockages, potentially causing strokes. While symptoms might not manifest until severe narrowing occurs, signs like a distinctive sound on auscultation of the neck or a transient ischemic attack (TIA) can indicate trouble. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/carotid-artery-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20360519) Introduction to Carotid Artery Disease Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) arises when the main neck arteries that supply the brain become narrowed and obstructed by fatty plaque deposits, a condition known as atherosclerosis. This disease significantly raises the risk of ischemic strokes, which occur when the brain's blood supply is compromised. CAD is responsible for some cases of strokes, and it can ultimately lead to severe consequences such as brain damage, muscle weakness, and even death. The disease's detrimental effects stem from various mechanisms, including reduced blood flow due to narrowed arteries, the potential rupture of plaques leading to blockages in smaller brain arteries, and the formation of blood clots that obstruct blood flow. Strokes, caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain resulting in rapid cell death, rank as a major cause of death and disability. Carotid artery disease often progresses gradually and may first manifest as a stroke or a transient ischemic attack (TIA), a temporary disruption of brain blood flow. Carotid artery disease treatment typically encompasses lifestyle adjustments, medication, and in some cases, surgical intervention. Symptoms of Carotid Artery Disease Patients diagnosed with CAD often remain asymptomatic until a stroke or transient ischemic stroke, often referred to as a "ministroke," occurs. Stroke symptoms include difficulties in speech and comprehension, potential confusion or slurred speech, paralysis or numbness on one side of the body (such as the face, arms, or legs), impaired arm-raising ability, facial drooping, hand tremors, sudden dizziness, loss of balance and coordination, sudden vision problems or light sensitivity in one or both eyes, intense and sudden headaches, nausea, vomiting, challenges in swallowing, and loss of consciousness. Causes and Risk Factors of Carotid Artery Disease Carotid artery disease risk factors encompass various causes: Age: Atherosclerosis, the foundation of CAD, may initiate in youth and gradually evolve into stroke and CAD with advancing age. Family History: A positive family history of stroke or atherosclerosis heightens risk. Previous Stroke: A history of stroke elevates susceptibility. High Blood Pressure: Hypertension increases the likelihood of CAD. High Cholesterol: Elevated cholesterol levels contribute to plaque formation. Obesity and Inactivity: Being overweight or leading a sedentary lifestyle amplifies the risk. Diabetes: Diabetic conditions enhance vulnerability. Smoking: Tobacco use is a significant risk factor. Carotid artery disease emerges from the accumulation of plaques, composed of cholesterol, fat, and blood cells, within the arteries responsible for brain blood supply. This process, termed atherosclerosis, leads to the narrowing of carotid arteries. Consequently, the obstruction impedes the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain. Diagnosis of Carotid Artery Disease In the process of diagnosing carotid artery disease (CAD), specific scans and screenings are performed, especially for individuals considered high-risk. These diagnostic approaches encompass a range of imaging tests, including ultrasound, head CT scan, MRI scan, and MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography). Additionally, a cerebral angiogram, also known as Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), may be utilized. This procedure, which is minimally invasive, entails the insertion of dye into the carotid artery via a catheter, allowing for the capture of an X-ray image to assess the condition of the arteries. (https://ultrasound. ie/the-carotid-doppler-ultrasound/) Treatment Options for Carotid Artery Disease In the realm of atherosclerosis treatment, a multifaceted approach is available to patients, encompassing both lifestyle adjustments and medical interventions to effectively manage risk factors and potentially deter or delay the onset of carotid artery disease (CAD). Should lifestyle changes prove inadequate, medical professionals might advocate for medications or minimally invasive surgical procedures. One such intervention is angioplasty and stenting, regarded as a minimally invasive and highly efficacious treatment option. This procedure involves the dilation of arteries to reinstate optimal blood flow to the brain. A catheter is carefully inserted into the affected artery, through which a balloon is maneuvered and then inflated to expand the artery's diameter. Following this, a stent – a supportive device – is positioned within the artery to fortify its walls, mitigating the risk of future narrowing. Alternatively, open surgery in the form of endarterectomy remains a traditional means of addressing CAD. This surgical technique necessitates an incision in the neck, facilitating access to the compromised artery. The vascular surgeon then removes the accumulated plaque or obstruction from the artery's inner lining, thus reinstating unimpeded blood flow. Ultimately, the treatment approach for atherosclerosis and CAD is tailored to the individual patient's condition, risk factors, and overall health, with the goal of mitigating the impact of the disease and optimizing the patient's well-being. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/carotid-endarterectomy/about/pac-20393379) Lifestyle Changes for Carotid Artery Disease The main objective in managing carotid artery disease is to prevent the occurrence of a stroke. Kick the smoking habit. Within a few years of quitting, a former smoker's stroke risk aligns with that of a nonsmoker. Sustain a balanced weight. Shedding excess pounds mitigates the exacerbation of other risk factors, including high blood pressure, cardiovascular ailments, diabetes, and sleep apnea. Embrace a nourishing diet. Prioritize a consumption pattern rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, nuts, and legumes. Restrict the intake of cholesterol and fats, particularly saturated and trans fats. Moderation in salt intake. Excessive salt consumption can elevate blood pressure in certain individuals. Regular physical activity. Engaging in routine exercise contributes to blood pressure reduction and bolsters the overall vitality of blood vessels and the heart. It also aids in weight management, diabetes control, and stress reduction. Exercise prudence or abstinence regarding alcohol. If alcohol is part of your lifestyle, do so judiciously. Manage health conditions. Effectively handling illnesses like diabetes and high blood pressure offers a safeguard for arteries, shielding them from potential harm. Risks Associated with Carotid Artery Disease Surgery Carotid endarterectomy comes with a set of potential risks that warrant careful consideration. These include the likelihood of experiencing a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), both of which constitute potential neurological complications. Additionally, the procedure carries a risk of heart attack, posing a potential threat to cardiovascular well-being. One possible outcome is the pooling of blood around the incision site, leading to post-operative swelling and discomfort. Moreover, there is a chance of nerve-related issues affecting sensory functions such as eyesight, smell, taste, or hearing. Intracerebral haemorrhage, characterized by bleeding into the brain, is another potential but rare complication. Seizures, though uncommon, can also occur because of the procedure. Lastly, there exists a potential for airway obstruction, stemming from post-operative swelling or bleeding in the neck. To make an informed decision, it is crucial to engage in a comprehensive discussion of these potential risks with your healthcare provider prior to undergoing the carotid endarterectomy. Benefits of Angioplasty and Stenting The advantages of angioplasty and stenting are in their minimally invasive nature and their efficacy in restoring blood flow to the brain. This treatment involves inserting a catheter into the artery and using a balloon to widen the arteries by compressing plaque deposits. A stent is subsequently positioned within the artery to provide structural support, preventing future narrowing. This approach not only effectively addresses blockages but also maintains improved blood flow, offering a comprehensive solution for patients with reduced blood flow to the head. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/carotid-angioplasty-and-stenting/about/pac-20385111) Final Words Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when neck arteries supplying the brain narrow due to fatty plaques, increasing stroke risk. This condition can lead to severe consequences such as brain damage and death. CAD's effects include reduced blood flow, plaque rupture, and blood clot formation, causing strokes. Diagnosis involves imaging tests, and treatment options range from lifestyle changes and medications to minimally invasive procedures like angioplasty and stenting, or traditional open surgery. Consulting a vascular surgeon is vital for informed decisions. FAQs: What is Carotid Artery Disease (CAD)? Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when neck arteries supplying the brain narrow due to fatty plaques, heightening stroke risk. It can lead to severe consequences like brain damage and death, stemming from reduced blood flow, plaque rupture, and clot formation. Strokes, caused by oxygen deprivation and rapid cell death, are a significant cause of disability and death. CAD progression is gradual and may manifest as strokes or temporary disruptions of blood flow. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medication, and possibly surgery. What are the symptoms of CAD? CAD patients are often asymptomatic until a stroke or "ministroke" happens. Stroke signs comprise speech issues, confusion, numbness, paralysis on one side, facial drooping, dizziness, vision problems, severe headaches, nausea, and loss of consciousness. What causes CAD? Carotid artery disease risk factors include age, family history, previous stroke, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, inactivity, diabetes, and smoking. Atherosclerosis, characterized by plaque buildup of cholesterol, fat, and blood cells, narrows carotid arteries, reducing oxygen and nutrient supply to the brain. How is CAD diagnosed? Diagnosing carotid artery disease (CAD) involves specialized scans and screenings, particularly for high-risk individuals. These include ultrasound, head CT scan, MRI scan, and MRA. Another option is a minimally invasive cerebral angiogram, where dye is injected into the carotid artery via a catheter to capture X-ray images for assessing artery condition. What are the treatment options for CAD? A comprehensive approach to treating atherosclerosis involves lifestyle changes and medical interventions to manage risk factors and potentially prevent carotid artery disease (CAD). Medical options include angioplasty and stenting, which restore blood flow via minimally invasive procedures, or endarterectomy, a surgical technique that removes arterial plaque. Treatment is personalized based on individual health and aims to reduce disease impact and enhance well-being. What is angioplasty and stenting? Angioplasty and stenting, a minimally invasive and effective treatment, involve widening arteries to restore optimal blood flow to the brain. A catheter is inserted into the affected artery, a balloon is inflated to expand the artery, and a stent is placed to support the artery's walls and prevent future narrowing. How is open surgery (endarterectomy) performed? This procedure involves making an incision in the neck to access the affected artery, allowing the surgeon to remove plaque and obstructions from the artery's inner lining, restoring normal blood flow. What lifestyle changes help manage CAD? To mitigate the risk of carotid artery disease, it's crucial to quit smoking, maintain a balanced weight, adopt a nourishing diet, limit salt intake, engage in regular physical activity, practice moderation with alcohol, and effectively manage underlying health conditions. What are the risks of CAD surgery? Carotid endarterectomy poses potential risks including stroke, heart attack, bleeding, nerve-related issues, intracerebral haemorrhage, and seizures. Recurrent blockages, infection, blood pressure impact, irregular heartbeat, and airway obstruction are also concerns, underscoring the importance of discussing these risks with your healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure. Why choose angioplasty and stenting over open surgery? Angioplasty and stenting offer minimally invasive and effective solutions for restoring blood flow to the brain by widening arteries and placing a supportive stent. Compared to open surgery, they offer benefits such as smaller incisions, quicker recovery, shorter hospital stays, and improved cardiovascular health. References: https://www. webmd. com/heart-disease/carotid-artery-disease-causes-symptoms-tests-and-treatment https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/16845-carotid-artery-disease-carotid-artery-stenosis https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/carotid-artery-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20360519 Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: dialysis, dialysis procedure singapore, types of dialysis access singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional The Importance of the Kidney The kidneys play a vital role in cleaning the blood and sending the purified blood back into the body. They filter about one liter of blood per minute, and this cleaned blood returns to circulation. Inside each kidney, there are around a million small parts called nephrons. Each nephron has a tiny filter called a glomerulus, which removes fluid and waste as blood passes through. Nephrons work in two steps: the glomerulus filters blood, and the tubule returns essentials and removes waste. Blood enters kidneys through the renal artery, branching into smaller vessels, reaching nephrons. In nephrons, tiny glomeruli blood vessels filter blood, exiting through the renal vein. Daily, your blood circulates through kidneys multiple times, filtering about 140 lites. Most filtered substances are reabsorbed by tubules, and only 1 to 2 lites become urine. (https://sprintmedical. in/blog/kidney-diseases-and-treatment) Urine travels through the ureter to the bladder and then leaves the body through the urethra. Normally, a person produces one to two liters of urine daily, depending on factors like size, hydration, temperature, and activity. Healthy kidneys are remarkable in their ability to increase their work when needed. With two healthy kidneys, each contributes 50% to kidney function. Even if one kidney is lost, the other can grow in size and provide up to 75% of normal function. The kidneys, located in the abdomen, maintain chemical balance, remove waste, and regulate blood pressure. Illnesses such as hypertension or diabetes can harm the kidneys irreversibly, leading to kidney failure. When this happens, dialysis becomes necessary to replace kidney function. Dialysis removes toxins from the blood and restores nutrient-rich blood back into circulation. This guide offers comprehensive details about dialysis options and procedures in Singapore. What is Dialysis? Kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), can result from various causes like high blood pressure, diabetes, injuries, and diseases like lupus. It can be temporary and recoverable after a severe illness or injury, but also permanent due to lasting damage from conditions like chronic high blood pressure or diabetes. When kidney failure occurs, waste and toxins accumulate in the blood due to impaired filtration. In the fifth stage of kidney disease, when kidneys operate at 10% to 15% of normal capacity, dialysis or a kidney transplant becomes necessary. Dialysis, a blood purification process, replaces kidney function, requiring a suitable dialysis access. Dialysis access, a path for blood withdrawal and return, is vital for efficient treatment. Choosing a healthy vessel and continuous monitoring can minimize disruptions in a patient's life. An experienced vascular surgeon can establish proper access and surveillance, reducing inconveniences tied to haemodialysis. Healthy kidneys are crucial for well-being. Detecting kidney disease early and making lifestyle changes, along with timely specialist referral, can prevent or delay kidney failure, underscoring the importance of proactive care. Types of Dialysis: Haemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Haemodialysis proves more adept at eliminating toxins and restoring the body's salt equilibrium, generally conducted biweekly or thrice weekly. In this process, a machine draws blood from your body, channels it through a dialyzer, and subsequently reintroduces purified blood into your system. Acting as an artificial kidney, the dialyzer features a filter that segregates waste from the bloodstream. Each haemodialysis session typically spans 3 to 5 hours. The entry point to the bloodstream for haemodialysis, termed dialysis access, encompasses options such as arteriovenous fistulas, grafts, or central venous catheters. (https://www. fluidotech. it/en/technical-support/technical-insights/pumps-for-hemodilysis/) Peritoneal dialysis employs a catheter to infuse a specialized fluid into your abdomen, precisely the peritoneal cavity, for absorption of waste and excess fluid from the blood. Following several hours, the fluid, along with toxins, is drained from the body. Although viable for at-home administration, peritoneal dialysis is somewhat less efficient and thus necessitates daily execution. Before initiating peritoneal dialysis, a minor surgical intervention is required to implant a catheter into the peritoneal cavity. (https://www. kidney. org/content/what-peritoneal-dialysis) Types of Dialysis Access in Singapore Dialysis access refers to the entry point utilized for reaching the bloodstream and effectively managing the flow of blood during dialysis treatments. Examples of dialysis access methods encompass arteriovenous fistulas, grafts, and catheters. To ensure efficient hemodialysis, patients require a properly functioning arteriovenous fistula, graft, or catheter. An arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) is a surgical linkage conducted by a vascular surgeon, involving delicate microsurgical techniques to connect the patient's vein to their artery. This procedure can take place in the arm or occasionally in the leg. The direct flow of blood from the artery into the vein prompts the vein's enlargement. Within 6-8 weeks, once the vein has reached the appropriate size and the vessel wall has thickened, it becomes suitable for hemodialysis. Conversely, an arteriovenous graft (AV graft) involves creating a connection between a vein and an artery using a synthetic conduit (graft). The graft, a synthetic tube, is placed just beneath the skin's surface and becomes usable a few weeks after surgery once the surgical incisions have healed. Another form of vascular access is a central venous catheter (also referred to as a permanent catheter), which involves inserting a Y-shaped catheter into a major vein (typically the jugular or femoral vein) for dialysis blood retrieval. These catheters carry a risk of recurring infections and potential vessel scarring if left in place for an extended period. A central venous catheter is commonly employed as a temporary dialysis access while awaiting the creation and readiness of an AV fistula or graft. (https://www. mdpi. com/2218-273X/12/10/1367) A skilled vascular surgeon can offer guidance on the optimal placement of a fistula, graft, or catheter. They can also provide ongoing monitoring to ensure proper functioning and prevent premature failure. In cases of fistulas or grafts, two needles are inserted into the access site at the start of each dialysis session, to which the flexible tubes connected to the dialysis machine are attached. One tube carries blood to the machine for cleansing by the dialyzer, while the other tube returns the cleaned blood to the patient. In the case of a catheter access, there is no need for needles to connect it to the dialysis tubes. Types of Dialysis Machines Used in Singapore Haemodialysis Machines are frequently employed within dialysis centers for a duration of 3 to 5 hours, occurring 2 to 3 times each week. These machines facilitate the process of haemodialysis, wherein blood is extracted from the body, cleansed through a dialyzer (artificial kidney), and subsequently reintroduced into the body. The use of an arteriovenous fistula, graft, or central venous catheter contributes to the efficiency of waste product and excess fluid removal during this process. The Haemodialysis Machine assumes the critical roles of managing blood flow, monitoring pressure levels, and regulating the dialysis solution to ensure a successful procedure. On the other hand, Peritoneal Dialysis Machines find common use in homes, operating on a daily basis and accommodating activities such as work or sleep. This method involves the utilization of dialysate, a cleansing fluid, and necessitates the placement of a catheter into the peritoneal cavity within the abdomen. The convenience of performing peritoneal dialysis at home adds to its appeal. These machines serve the purpose of automating and simplifying the fluid transfer process over the peritoneal cavity, which lines the abdominal region. Risks and Complications of Dialysis Treatment Patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis may perceive a sense of fullness in the abdominal region. Although this might lead to a sense of discomfort, it generally isn't characterized by pain. Another potential outcome of peritoneal dialysis treatment is peritonitis—the inflammation or infection of the peritoneal membrane enveloping the abdominal cavity. The catheter, responsible for facilitating the movement of cleansing fluid to and from the abdomen, represents a potential source of infection. Furthermore, the presence of sugar (dextrose) in the dialysis solution could contribute to weight gain. The infusion of fluid into the abdomen via an abdominal catheter may lead to abdominal muscle atrophy over time, possibly resulting in the development of a hernia—a protrusion of abdominal organs (typically the intestines) through an opening in the muscle or tissue. Pre and Post Procedure Care for Dialysis Pre-Procedure Care Site Preparation: Prior to the procedure, the access site is cleansed using antiseptic solution, adhering to established guidelines, which effectively reduces infection risk. Hygiene: Initiating dialysis access procedures with thorough handwashing or alcohol-based hand sanitizer is essential to prevent infection transmission. Medications: A review of medications, including anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs, is conducted pre-surgery to prevent uncontrolled bleeding by considering any necessary adjustments. Vital Signs: Blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen levels are measured and documented beforehand, enabling tracking of changes throughout and after the procedure. Communication: Open communication between patients and healthcare staff is pivotal. Allowing ample time for patients to ask questions, express concerns, and grasp post-procedure care significance contributes to optimal outcomes. Post-Procedure Care Fistula/Graft Care: Ensuring proper care of the access site is vital to prevent infection and promote speedy recovery. This may entail following guidelines such as maintaining cleanliness, keeping the area dry, applying dressings as instructed, and routinely checking for signs of infection like redness, swelling, or discharge. (https://www. amazon. com/Dialysis-Hemostatic-Bandage-Arterial-Emergency/dp/B08292J578) 2. Catheter Care: Maintaining dry and clean catheter dressings, along with regular dressing changes during dialysis sessions, is essential to prevent infections. Always shield the catheter from exposure to air and have an emergency dressing kit on hand for interim dressing changes. 3. Regular Monitoring: It's advisable to monitor for vibrations or pulses following the dialysis access procedure. Any noticeable changes should prompt immediate communication with your vascular surgeon. To safeguard the access arm, avoid tight clothing, jewelry, pressure, and sleeping on it. 4. Activity Restrictions: Patients on dialysis may need to curtail certain activities to prevent strain or harm to the access site. Depending on your doctor's advice, activities that put excessive pressure on the access site, like tight arm straps or compressive movements, may be restricted. 5. Scheduled Check-ups: Regular check-ups, where blood pressure and electrolyte levels are assessed, enable doctors to evaluate the efficacy of the dialysis treatment plan. Consistent assessments of the dialysis access pinpoint potential complications, such as infections or narrowing, facilitating early intervention to prevent complete blockage. Dietary Considerations for Dialysis Patients Adequate and optimal nutrition forms an integral component of disease management in chronic disease, particularly for patients with declining kidney function. Diet plays a significant role in the management of disease and optimization of health. A poor diet in dialysis patients could lead to several acute or chronic complications associated with kidney disease. Some complications or dietary restrictions may be due to the severity of the kidney disease and the individual patient’s additional medical conditions. A typical effect in dialysis patients is electrolyte and fluid control. This is because dialysis helps to remove excess waste products from the body, which could cause symptoms and problems. Proper nutrition plays a greater role, as anemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism are known consequences of malnutrition. Progression of chronic kidney disease results in a number of complications that limit the body's capability to remove impurities and regulate electrolytes. Kidney patients should follow a restricted diet, which should be individualized, indicating that one size does not fit all. Healthcare professionals are the best qualified individuals to advise these patients on the food they eat. The fundamentals of diet for adult dialysis patients entail covering all food groups and helping them mitigate the effects of kidney disease on their eating and drinking. A dietitian would design specific diet plans for patients based on varying levels of protein intake, calorie intake, fluid intake, and potassium and phosphate management without food aversions in non-vegetarians. Education regarding dietary advancements, such as sodium, potassium, and protein restrictions, requiring patient intention to self-care, is continuously important. Importance of Dietary Restrictions Dietary restrictions are critical for dialysis patients given that kidneys have reduced function in removing toxins, urea, and certain electrolytes, which can then accumulate in the bloodstream. Accumulation of plasma metabolites and progressive kidney dysfunction pose serious health risks such as pre-dialysis azotemia, anemia, water and electrolyte imbalances, and high blood pressure. Hyperkalemia poses a higher risk... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: blood clot treatment Singapore, Deep vein thrombosis Singapore, deep vein thrombosis treatment Singapore, DVT awareness Singapore, DVT blood clot removal, DVT causes, DVT complications, DVT diagnosis, DVT management Singapore, DVT medication, DVT outpatient treatment, DVT patient care, DVT prevention Singapore, DVT recovery tips, DVT risk factors, DVT screening, dvt singapore, dvt specialist singapore, DVT symptoms, DVT therapy Singapore, dvt treatment singapore, DVT vein health, treatment for dvt singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition in which a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs, thighs or pelvis, and can occasionally occur in the arm. It is not uncommon to be affected by DVT in Singapore. If you have developed this condition, it is important to seek professional help. There are many Deep Vein Thrombosis treatments in Singapore. Finding a highly skilled and reputable DVT specialist in Singapore is of utmost importance for individuals dealing with this serious medical condition. With a focus on accurate diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and comprehensive patient support, individuals dealing with DVT can expect exemplary DVT treatment in Singapore and a better chance at a successful recovery and improved overall vascular health. (https://www. singhealth. com. sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/deep-vein-thrombosis-DVT) Introduction to Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)   In many cases, Deep Vein Thrombosis can be treated with medication, particularly for those who have it in the lower legs or arms. However, the risk of a severe and life-threatening complication known as Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is greater when DVT is present in the upper parts of the legs or arms which is nearer to the heart. PE is dangerous because it prevents oxygen from getting to the blood, leading to a high possibility of death. (https://www. operatingroomissues. org/venous-thromboembolism-dvt-pe-facts/) Approximately one third to one half of individuals who experience Deep Vein Thrombosis can develop long-term complications known as Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS). Symptoms of PTS may include swelling, discomfort, discoloration, and in extreme cases, scaling or ulcers on the affected area. In certain cases, the effects of PTS can be quite severe and may even lead to disability. (https://www. nhs. uk/conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt/) What are the Causes of DVT?   Anything that prevents the blood from flowing or properly clotting can cause a blood clot. Certain medical conditions such as surgery or inflammation that can damage the veins are the common causes of deep vein thrombosis, along with infections or injuries. What are the Risk Factors for DVT?   Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a serious medical condition characterized by the formation of blood clots in the deep veins, typically in the legs. It is essential to be aware of the risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing DVT, as they play a crucial role in preventative measures and early detection. The more risk factors an individual possesses, the higher their risk of DVT. Age: Being older than 60 increases the risk of DVT, but it can occur at any age. Lack of Movement: Prolonged periods of immobility, such as sitting for extended periods during long journeys or being on bed rest due to a hospital stay or medical condition, can increase the risk of DVT. Injury or Surgery: Vein injuries or surgeries can elevate the risk of blood clots. Pregnancy: Pregnancy increases pressure in the veins of the pelvis and legs, and the risk of blood clots can persist for up to six weeks after childbirth, particularly in individuals with an inherited clotting disorder. Birth Control Pills and Hormone Replacement Therapy: Both can enhance the blood's clotting ability, increasing the risk of DVT. Being Overweight or Obese: Excess weight can raise pressure in the veins of the pelvis and legs. Smoking: Smoking affects blood flow and clotting, contributing to the risk of DVT. Cancer: Certain cancers and cancer treatments can raise substances in the blood that promote clot formation. Heart Failure: Heart failure can increase the risk of DVT and pulmonary embolism due to compromised heart and lung function. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Conditions like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis can elevate the risk of DVT. Personal or Family History of DVT or Pulmonary Embolism: A history of these conditions in oneself or family members may indicate a higher risk of DVT. Genetics: Some individuals have genetic changes that make their blood more prone to clotting, such as factor V Leiden, an inherited clotting disorder. (https://www. ahajournals. org/doi/10. 1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 113. 004586) Symptoms of DVT Symptoms of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) are crucial to recognize as early detection and prompt medical attention can prevent potential complications. DVT symptoms may vary, and some individuals may not experience any noticeable signs. However, common indicators include swelling in the affected leg, often accompanied by pain or tenderness. The skin over the affected area may feel warm to the touch and appear reddish or discolored. Additionally, DVT can cause cramping in the leg that usually begins in the calf, and which then extends to the thigh and groin. In severe cases, DVT can lead to pulmonary embolism, where a blood clot travels to the lungs, causing sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, or coughing up blood. Diagnosing DVT If you think you have deep vein thrombosis, it is important to get medical attention right away. Your doctor could do an ultrasound of your affected veins and a Doppler test to assess blood flow. Additionally, a blood test or CT scans may be done to look at the veins in the chest and abdomen for signs of clots. (https://sjrhem. ca/dvt-pocus-when-where-how-and-what-to-do-next/) Treatment Options for DVT  Prompt and effective treatment is essential to prevent potential complications, such as pulmonary embolism, and to promote a successful recovery. Fortunately, there are various treatment options available to address DVT, ranging from anticoagulant medications to minimally invasive procedures. Empowering patients with knowledge about treatment options, foster informed decision-making and proactive management of DVT. Anticoagulants: Medications are typically prescribed to prevent the formation of clots and dissolve existing ones in the veins and arteries. This lowers the chances of pulmonary embolism. Minimally invasive treatments: In some instances, surgical intervention may be necessary and this can involve either infusing medications into the vein via a long tube/catheter to break up the clot (such as in thrombolysis), or by mechanically removing the clot itself (thrombectomy) by using specialised devices which are introduced via a small puncture wound. (https://rivercityvascular. com/thrombolysis) Compression stockings: Compression stockings are worn to help minimize the chances of developing Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT). These garments apply pressure around the legs and calves to reduce the amount of blood that pools in the veins, thus making DVT less likely to form. Do note that compression stockings are useful for prevention against DVT, but will not be useful if DVT has already occurred. Anti-Coagulant Medications for DVT Treatment  Anticoagulants are medications that stop blood from clotting and existing clots from enlarging. It is not effective in dissolving existing clots but may reduce it to the point where it becomes small scars in the veins. The duration of treatment may vary from three to six months or may even be indefinite depending on circumstances, such as if a person has had clots before or is being treated for another illness such as cancer or an autoimmune disease. Bleeding is the most common side effect of taking anticoagulants and you should contact your doctor if you notice any signs of easy bruising or bleeding. Thrombolytic Therapy for DVT Treatment  Thrombolytic therapy involves the use of medications called thrombolytics, which have the unique ability to break down and dissolve blood clots. These medications work by activating a natural process within the body that helps break up the clots, allowing blood to flow freely through the affected veins. Thrombolytic therapy is typically administered through a catheter directly into the clot, ensuring targeted and precise delivery of the medication. This treatment option is especially beneficial for patients with extensive or severe blood clots, where the risk of complications, such as pulmonary embolism, is high. By rapidly dissolving the clot, thrombolytic therapy can help reduce the risk of long-term damage to the veins and improve overall outcomes. As with any medical treatment, thrombolytic therapy requires careful consideration by a team of experienced healthcare professionals, including vascular specialists and interventional radiologists. Patient-specific factors, such as overall health, medical history, and the extent of the blood clot, will be taken into account when determining the appropriateness of this treatment approach. Endovascular Procedures for DVT Treatment  Endovascular procedures are minimally invasive interventions performed within the blood vessels using catheters and imaging guidance. They offer several benefits, including shorter recovery times, reduced risks of complications, and improved patient outcomes. Endovascular procedures to rapidly soften and remove the blood clot is recommended for patients with clots which have dislodged and travelled to the lungs (as in PE) or for younger patients with a good life-expectancy to reduce their risk of developing post-thrombotic syndrome at a later stage. Endovascular procedures involved thrombolysis, where a specialized catheter delivers clot-dissolving medication directly to the site of the blood clot, followed by thrombectomy which is the mechanical aspiration of the clot using a suction device. This technique helps dissolve the clot rapidly and restore blood flow, alleviating symptoms and preventing further complications. Balloon (venoplasty) and stenting is also possible using endovascular techniques if after removal of the clot, an underlying narrowing of the vein is detected. (https://www. bostonscientific. com/en-US/products/thrombectomy-systems/angiojet-thrombectomy-system. html) Open Surgery for DVT Treatment Open surgical treatment for DVT involves two primary procedures: Open Thrombectomy and Venous Bypass. Open Thrombectomy is a surgical technique wherein a vascular surgeon physically removes the blood clot from the affected vein via a cut in the vein. This procedure is typically reserved for patients with massive, life-threatening blood clots or those who are unresponsive to other treatment methods. Thrombectomy aims to rapidly restore blood flow and alleviate symptoms, reducing the risk of further complications such as pulmonary embolism. Venous Bypass is another surgical option used in complex cases where the clot is obstructing a major vein. During this procedure, a vascular surgeon creates a bypass around the blocked segment of the vein, redirecting blood flow and allowing it to bypass the clot altogether. Venous Bypass is a more extensive procedure that may be considered when other treatments have not been successful, or the patient's condition is critical. It is important to note that surgical interventions for DVT are not without risks and are typically reserved for cases where other treatments have proven ineffective or in emergencies. Recovery from surgical DVT treatment may take longer compared to minimally invasive procedures, and patients may require post-operative care and rehabilitation. Compression Stockings for DVT Treatment  You will need to wear graded elastic compression stockings to reduce or completely eliminate leg swelling. Damage to the small valves inside your veins is usually the cause of the swelling. These stockings are usually worn just below the knee, becoming looser as they move away from the ankle, providing gentle pressure. It must be worn daily from morning to evening. (https://www. cardinalhealth. com/en/product-solutions/medical/compression/t-e-d-anti-embolism-stockings. html) Tips for Preventing DVT Making changes to your lifestyle may help to reduce the risk of developing Deep Vein Thrombosis. Move your legs regularly, even if you have had surgery or have been on bed rest. Avoid crossing your legs while sitting as this can restrict blood flow. When travelling, take regular breaks to stretch your legs. On planes, stand and walk around periodically and when driving, stop every hour or so and go for a walk. If you are unable to walk, you can do some lower leg exercises such as raising and lowering your heels while keeping your toes on the floor or raising your toes while keeping your heels on the floor. Do not smoke as this increases the risk of DVT and manage your weight as obesity is a risk factor. Aim for 30 minutes of moderate physical activity each day. When to Visit a DVT Specialist in Singapore  Knowing when to visit a DVT specialist in Singapore is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT). If you experience symptoms such as swelling, pain, warmth, or redness in one or both legs, especially if it is accompanied by difficulty breathing, chest pain, or coughing up blood, seeking immediate medical attention is essential, as these may indicate a possible pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening complication of DVT. Additionally, if you have certain risk factors, such as a history of blood clots, recent surgery... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: varicocele causes, varicocele clinic Singapore, varicocele complications, varicocele diagnosis, varicocele fertility impact, varicocele health advice, varicocele laser treatment, varicocele management Singapore, varicocele minimally invasive, varicocele outpatient care, varicocele pain relief, varicocele patient education, varicocele recovery, varicocele specialist Singapore, varicocele surgery Singapore, varicocele symptoms, varicocele treatment cost Singapore, varicocele treatment singapore, varicocele vascular health, varicocele vein treatment - Translation Priorities: Optional Introduction to Varicoceles A varicocele is characterised by a cluster of enlarged veins within the scrotum. These veins play a crucial role in the blood circulation of the testicles, supporting their essential functions. The testes (testicles) are located in the scrotum, which is a pouch of skin behind the penis. Similar to varicose veins observed in the legs, if the valves in the testicular veins malfunction, blood can flow in the opposite direction, leading to pooling and stagnation in the testes. Consequently, this condition causes painful congestion and swelling. (https://www. tsmp. com. au/blog/varicocele-ultrasound. html) Varicoceles, for the most part, are often asymptomatic, causing no noticeable pain or discomfort. However, in certain instances, some individuals may experience intermittent testicular pain. Beyond the potential for discomfort, varicoceles can also have more significant implications, particularly in relation to fertility. For some people, this condition might lead to infertility, as it can affect sperm production and quality. Nevertheless, it's essential to note that not all varicoceles automatically result in fertility issues. Causes and Symptoms of Varicocele Varicoceles are estimated to affect up to 20% of males worldwide, and it can be easily treated using both conventional and minimally invasive procedures. Medical professionals and healthcare providers are unsure about the exact cause of varicoceles. Some speculate that they could be caused by a malfunctioning "switch" (valve) in specific spermatic cord veins. Testicles are fixed in place by a band of tissues called the spermatic cord and the testicles' blood is returned to the body through veins that accompany the spermatic cord. The valve functions something like an "on/off" switch. It features two structures that resemble flaps that aid in blood flow back towards your heart. Blood may accumulate inside the veins in your testicles when a valve doesn't function as it should. As veins enlarge throughout time, which may cause potential complications in these organs. (https://www. fatihatugmd. com/varicocele) At any age, anyone with testicles is susceptible to varicoceles. Varicoceles are thought to be congenital, which means that this condition is present at birth. When an individual undergoes puberty, the blood flow to the genitals increases. Many people first become aware of their varicocele in their teenage years and in some rare cases, varicocele may occasionally stop your testicles from developing normally. While many people with varicocele may stay asymptomatic, showing no overt symptoms or discomfort, in other instances the condition can result in a number of symptoms such as: Discomfort in the scrotum and testicles, which can range from sharp to dull pain Heightened pain while standing or engaging in physical activities, particularly during extended durations. Alleviation of pain when lying down. Presence of a lump or swelling in one of the testicles. Noticeable enlargement or twisting of veins in the scrotum, often resembling a "bag of worms". Possible testicular atrophy, indicating reduced size or development of the testicles. While certain individuals may remain pain-free, varicoceles can significantly contribute to reduced sperm production and diminished sperm quality. As a consequence, approximately 40% of men facing difficulties in conceiving their first child may ultimately experience infertility. Diagnosis and Treatments for Varicocele To diagnose a varicocele, your healthcare provider will perform a visual inspection and palpation of the scrotum, both while lying down and standing up. During the examination, you may be asked to perform the Valsalva maneuver, where you take a deep breath, hold it, and bear down, which aids in examining the varicocele more effectively. Fortunately, if you have a varicocele, there is often no need for excessive concern. Diagnosis is usually straightforward, and many cases do not require treatment unless they cause noticeable and obstructive symptoms. In some cases, varicoceles are typically detected through self-examination of the scrotum or during routine medical check-ups. They are recognizable by their appearance and can be assessed by feeling the size of the spermatic cord and testicles during physical examinations. If any issues are detected during these examinations, your vascular surgeon may opt for an ultrasound test to identify veins wider than 3 millimetres, which could indicate the presence of a varicocele. "Subclinical" varicoceles, which are detected on ultrasound, are generally not considered to be clinically significant since they rarely cause testicular issues or discomfort. In some cases, ultrasound might be used when a physical examination is challenging due to anatomical factors or when other findings warrant further investigation. While large varicoceles may be visible to the naked eye or cause a distinct "bag of worms" sensation in the scrotum, most varicoceles are detected during a vascular surgeon’s examination. Thus, the most reliable way to identify a varicocele is through a thorough physical examination by a vascular surgeon. Treatment Options for Varicocele 1. Traditional Surgery A varicocelectomy is a surgical procedure performed in a hospital setting to treat varicoceles. The surgery involves blocking the blood flow in the veins of the spermatic cord and is conducted under general anesthesia. There are two methods of performing a varicocelectomy: microscopic and laparoscopic. In the microscopic varicocelectomy, a urologist clamps or ties all small veins through a 1cm incision above the scrotum, while in the laparoscopic varicocelectomy, thin tubes are inserted into the abdomen to ligate the veins. Conventional treatment is usually open or laparoscopic surgery. Both procedures take different durations to complete but generally have a similar healing time (several weeks) and pain level. (https://varicoceles. com/treatment-options/) While varicocelectomy is generally considered a safe procedure, like any surgery, it carries some potential risks and complications. These complications may include: Varicocele persistence or recurrence: In some cases, the varicocele might not be entirely resolved by surgery, leading to its persistence or recurrence. This may be due to incomplete ligations of the affected veins or the development of new abnormal veins over time. Hydrocele: Fluid accumulation around the testicle, known as a hydrocele, is another possible complication. It may occur as a result of the surgical procedure, leading to swelling and discomfort. Injury to the testicular artery: While performing the surgery, there is a slight risk of inadvertent injury to the testicular artery, which supplies blood to the testicles. However, such injuries are exceedingly rare and typically managed promptly by the surgical team. It is essential for patients to discuss these potential risks with their healthcare providers before undergoing a varicocelectomy. This will allow them to make an informed decision and to be aware of the steps taken to minimize the occurrence of complications during the surgical procedure. 2. Percutaneous embolisation Embolisation is a minimally invasive medical procedure used to treat varicoceles, a condition characterized by enlarged and abnormal veins within the scrotum. The procedure is typically performed by an interventional vascular surgeon. To begin the embolization, the patient is typically given a local anaesthetic to numb the area where the catheter will be inserted. Then, a small puncture is made in a vein in the upper thigh, to gain access to the blood vessels. Through this access point, a catheter is carefully threaded through the vascular system using real-time X-ray guidance called fluoroscopy. (https://www. azuravascularcare. com/medical-services/varicocele-embolization/) The catheter is guided to the affected blood vessels that are supplying the varicocele(s). These are the veins that are responsible for the abnormal blood flow and enlargement of the veins in the scrotum. Once the catheter is in position, tiny titanium coils and an embolic agent are introduced through the catheter and into the targeted vessels. The embolic agent used in the procedure is usually small particles or special liquids that have the ability to block off the blood supply to the varicocele. This is achieved by causing clotting in the targeted veins, effectively sealing them off from the blood flow. The tiny titanium coils are used to support and stabilize the embolic agent, ensuring it remains in place and effectively blocks the abnormal veins. By blocking off the blood supply to the varicocele, embolization aims to redirect the blood flow through healthier veins, restoring normal circulation and reducing the size of the varicocele over time. The procedure typically takes around one to two hours to complete and is performed on an outpatient basis, meaning the patient can usually go home the same day. The Benefits of Embolisation Vascular & Interventional Centre offers embolisation, a minimally invasive varicocele treatment. Embolisation has advantages over open or laparoscopic surgery: Embolisation is less intrusive than surgery. It reduces infection and scarring with a small puncture. Less post-operative pain and discomfort speeds recovery and return to normal activity. Local Anaesthesia: Unlike surgery, embolisation is done under local anaesthesia. This improves procedure safety and comfort. Embolization's less-invasive nature speeds healing. Unlike conventional surgery, most patients can go home the same day and resume normal activities within a few days. Embolisation is equally effective as surgery in treating varicoceles. The technique reduces varicocele size and pain by diverting blood flow and closing aberrant veins. Outpatient Procedure: Patients can go home after embolisation. This minimises hospital stays and expenditures, making therapy convenient. Lower Risk of Complications: Because embolisation is less invasive, it has a lower risk of infection, bleeding, and tissue damage than conventional surgery. (https://www. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S2211568418301499) Compared to varicocele surgery, embolisation is safe, effective, and patient-friendly. We use comprehensive techniques to give our patients the optimal results to address symptoms. Percutaneous embolization is a suitable option for patients who meet specific eligibility criteria. Individuals diagnosed with varicocele and experiencing aggravated symptoms of testicular pain are among the suitable candidates for this procedure. Additionally, patients who prefer to avoid invasive surgery may also find percutaneous embolization to be a viable and less invasive alternative for addressing their varicocele. By considering these factors, healthcare providers can determine whether percutaneous embolization is the appropriate treatment choice for eligible patients seeking relief from varicocele-related symptoms. Preparing for Varicocele Treatment Before the treatment, it is very important to tell your doctor about all the medicines you are taking, including herbal supplements, and about any allergies you have, especially to local anaesthetic, general anaesthesia, or contrast materials. Before the surgery, your doctor may tell you to stop taking aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or blood thinners. You will be given clear advice on how to get ready, including any changes to your regular medication schedule that may be needed. If you will be given a sedative during the procedure, your doctor may tell you not to eat or drink for four to eight hours before the operation. In these situations, you may need someone to go with you and drive you home afterwards. You will be given a gown to wear during the process. What to Expect During Varicocele Treatment During the procedure, a member of the staff will cleanse the skin above the catheter insertion point and apply a local anaesthetic to minimize any discomfort. Intravenous sedation is typically given to ensure you feel relaxed and comfortable throughout the procedure, and you will not usually feel the catheter during the process. Devices will be attached to monitor your heart rate and blood pressure. When the nurse inserts the needle for the IV line and injects the local anaesthetic, you may feel a slight pinch, mainly at the skin incision site. The doctor will numb this area using a local anaesthetic, ensuring you experience minimal discomfort. While the doctor inserts the catheter into the vein or artery, you may feel some pressure, but serious discomfort is unlikely. If sedation is used during the procedure, you will feel relaxed and may become sleepy, with the depth of sedation determining whether you remain awake or not. As the contrast material passes through your body, you may feel a brief warm sensation, but it will quickly pass. After the procedure, you will stay in the recovery room until you are fully awake and ready to return home. In most cases, you should be able to resume your normal activities within a few days after the procedure. However, due to the intentional clotting of blood in the treated vein, localized scrotal discomfort might be experienced for up to a week following the procedure. Final Words Consulting with a vascular surgeon... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: chronic kidney disease care, dialysis, dialysis center Singapore, dialysis complications, dialysis monitoring Singapore, dialysis outpatient care, dialysis patient care Singapore, dialysis patient education, dialysis preparation Singapore, dialysis procedure explanation, dialysis procedure singapore, dialysis recovery tips, dialysis side effects management, dialysis specialist Singapore, dialysis support services, dialysis treatment guide, dialysis treatment options, dialysis treatment plan, dialysis vascular access, hemodialysis specialist, kidney failure dialysis, peritoneal dialysis expert, types of dialysis access singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional The kidneys are bean-shaped organs found in the abdomen, that are responsible for clearing out bodily waste, maintaining the balance of chemicals in the body, and keeping blood pressure steady. Unfortunately, various diseases such as hypertension or diabetes can lead to irreversible damage to the kidneys resulting in kidney failure. Once the kidneys have failed, a person will need to rely on the process of dialysis to replace the function of the kidneys. Dialysis is a process whereby toxins are removed from the blood, and nutrient-rich blood is put back into your bloodstream. This guide will provide you with comprehensive information on the types of dialysis access in Singapore and dialysis procedure in Singapore. (https://www. nst. com. my/news/nation/2022/03/778652/only-5-cent-chronic-kidney-disease-patients-are-aware-it) Overview of Dialysis Treatment Kidney failure is also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It can be caused by high blood pressure, diabetes, lupus, injuries, and other diseases. Kidney failure can be temporary after a severe illness or injury with full recovery of function once the disease has been cured, but it can also be a long-term condition due to irreversible damage from long-standing high blood pressure or diabetes. When you have kidney failure, waste and toxins produced as a byproduct of cellular metabolism builds up in your blood and cannot be cleared. A person is considered to be in the fifth stage of kidney disease when the kidneys function at only 10% to 15% of their normal capacity, and at this stage, dialysis or a kidney transplant becomes essential for survival. Dialysis may be temporary if the kidney failure is due to an acute curable illness or may be life-long if the kidney damage is irreversible. Patients who are relatively fit, with irreversible kidney injury may consider a transplant as an alternative to life-long dialysis. Dialysis is a treatment that purifies blood using a machine, thus replacing the function of the kidneys. Dialysis requires a conduit via which blood can be easily withdrawn from the body, cleansed, and returned to the body in an efficient way. This conduit is called a dialysis access or vascular access. To avoid significant disruption to a patient’s lifestyle, it is recommended to choose an appropriate healthy vessel to create a suitable dialysis access and regularly monitor it throughout the patient's dialysis journey to prevent frequent failures and the need for repeated procedures. Engaging an experienced vascular surgeon for the initial creation of an appropriate dialysis access and conducting regular surveillance can significantly reduce the inconvenience and discomfort associated with haemodialysis, ensuring efficient treatment. Types of Dialysis There are 2 methods of dialysis, namely haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. These can be done either in hospitals or dialysis centres or at home. It is best to discuss your options with your doctor before deciding which option is most suitable to your lifestyle. (https://www. osmosis. org/learn/Dialysis_care:_Nursing) Haemodialysis is more efficient at removing toxins and rebalancing the body’s salt content and is performed 2-3 times a week. With haemodialysis, a machine takes blood out of your body, runs it through a dialyzer, and then puts the clean blood back into your body. A dialyzer is a device that acts as an artificial kidney. It contains a filter that separates waste from blood. The haemodialysis process takes around 3 to 5 hours each time. Dialysis access is the entry point into the bloodstream via which haemodialysis can be performed. Examples of dialysis accesses include an arteriovenous fistula, graft, or central venous catheter. Peritoneal dialysis uses a catheter to infuse a special fluid in your abdomen (more accurately, the peritoneal cavity thus the name). This fluid absorbs waste and extra fluid from your blood, and after a few hours, the toxin comes out with the fluid when it is drained. This method can be done at home but is less efficient and thus must be performed on a daily basis. Prior to starting peritoneal dialysis, patients must have a minor surgical procedure to insert a catheter into the abdomen (peritoneal cavity). Types of Dialysis Access Singapore & Dialysis Access Surgery in Singapore Dialysis access is the access point that is used to access the blood stream and effectively remove and return the body’s blood during dialysis. Examples of a dialysis access include an arteriovenous fistula, graft, or catheter. To achieve efficient haemodialysis, a patient requires a well-functioning arteriovenous fistula, graft or catheter. An arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) is a surgical connection performed by a vascular surgeon. The surgeon will utilize microsurgical techniques to connect the patient’s own vein to their own artery, and this can be performed either in the arm or occasionally in the leg. Blood then flows from the artery directly into the vein, causing it to increase in size. After 6-8 weeks, once the vein has enlarged to a certain size and the vessel wall has thickened, it can be utilized to perform haemodialysis. On the other hand, an arteriovenous graft (AV graft) is a connection between a vein and artery using an artificial conduit (graft). The graft is a hollow synthetic tube placed just under the skin surface and can be utilized within a couple of weeks of the surgery once the surgical wounds have healed. Another type of vascular access is a central venous catheter (also known as a permanent catheter), which is a method of obtaining blood for dialysis by inserting a Y-shaped catheter into a large vein (typically the jugular or femoral vein). These catheters are at risk of recurrent infection and can cause scarring of the blood vessel if left in-situ for too long. A central venous catheter is typically utilized as a temporary dialysis access while waiting for either and AV fistula or graft to be created and ready for use. (https://twitter. com/edgarvlermamd/status/1158947453028196355) An experienced vascular surgeon will be able to advise on the best position to create a fistula, graft, or place a catheter. They will also be able to provide surveillance to ensure that it functions well and doesn’t fail prematurely. If your access is a fistula or graft, during haemodialysis, two needles will be inserted into the access at the start of each dialysis session. The soft tubes that are linked to the dialysis machine are hooked onto these needles. One of the tubes takes your blood to the machine, where it is cleaned by the dialyzer. The other tube brings your blood back to you. If your access is a catheter, you do not need needles to connect it to the dialysis tubes. Types of Dialysis Machines Used in Singapore FeatureHaemodialysis MachinesPeritoneal Dialysis MachinesLocationCommonly used in a dialysis centreCommonly used at homeDuration of Treatment3 to 5 hours, 2 to 3 times a weekDaily basis, can be done while you work or sleepType of filterDialyzer (artificial kidney)Dialysate (cleansing fluid)AccessArteriovenous fistula or graft or central venous catheterPlacement of a catheter into the peritoneal cavityBenefitsMore efficient at removing waste products and excess fluidMore convenient, can be done at home Haemodialysis Machine is used for haemodialysis, a process in which blood is taken out of the body, cleaned through a dialyzer, and transferred back into the body. It handles the flow of blood, checks the pressure, and regulates the dialysis solution. A Peritoneal Dialysis Machine is used to automate and ease the transfer of fluids over the peritoneal cavity, which lines the abdominal area. Risks and Complications of Dialysis Treatment Low blood pressure can occur during haemodialysis or soon afterward in some patients. You might feel queasy, lightheaded, or faint. Some may also experience chest pain or back pain, headaches, itchy skin, muscle cramps, and restless legs syndrome. Proper monitoring and adjustments to the dialysis treatment can help minimize these risks. Other risks associated with haemodialysis, include the risk of blockage or infection of the dialysis access. The danger of infection can be minimised through regular cleaning and monitoring of the AV fistula/graft or central venous catheter. Patients who undergo peritoneal dialysis may experience a feeling of fullness in their stomach. This may lead to an uncomfortable feeling, but it is not generally painful. Another side effect of peritoneal dialysis treatment is peritonitis or the inflammation/infection of the peritoneal membrane that lines the abdominal cavity. The catheter, used to transport the cleansing fluid into and out of the abdomen, is a potential source of infection. Additionally, sugar (dextrose) is present in dialysis solution which may lead to weight gain. Pumping fluid into the abdomen via an abdominal catheter might cause abdominal muscular atrophy over time, and patients may develop a hernia, which is the protrusion of abdominal organs (typically the intestines) through an opening in the muscle or tissue. (https://www. mncpd. com. au/modules/peritonitis-a-complication-of-peritoneal-dialysis) Pre-procedure Care for Dialysis access Site Preparation: The access site must be cleaned with an antiseptic solution in accordance with established guidelines. Infection risk is lowered as a result. Hygiene: Dialysis access-related procedures should always begin with a complete handwashing or the use of an alcohol-based hand sanitizer to prevent the spread of infection. Medications: Medications, such as anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs, should be reviewed with the patient before the surgery to determine if any changes are required. This is done so that uncontrolled bleeding can be prevented. Vital Signs: Blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen levels should all be measured and recorded before the process begins so that changes may be noted and documented during and after the treatment. Communication: It is crucial for the patient and the healthcare staff to have open lines of communication. The best outcomes can be achieved if the patient is given ample time to ask questions, voice concerns, and get an understanding of the significance of post-procedure care. Post-procedure Care for Dialysis access Fistula/Graft Care: It is crucial to take good care of the access site to avoid infection and speed recovery. Depending on the instructions given, this may involve keeping the area clean and dry, applying a dressing as directed, and checking for symptoms of infection including redness, swelling, and discharge on a frequent basis. Catheter Care: Keep the catheter dressing dry and clean and have the dressing changed frequently during each dialysis session to prevent infection. Always remember to keep the catheter covered and out of the air and keep an emergency dressing kit on hand in case you need to change the dressing in between sessions. Regular Checks: Looking for a vibration or pulse after your dialysis access procedure is recommended. If you experience any changes, it is important to contact your vascular surgeon. Do not wear tight clothing or jewellery on the access arm, do not put pressure on the access arm, and do not sleep on the access arm. Activity Restrictions: Patients undergoing dialysis may need to limit their activity to prevent strain on or injury to their access site. Tight arm straps, putting too much pressure on the access site, or engaging in other physical activities which can compress the arm may be prohibited unless otherwise permitted by your doctor. Regular Check-ups: By monitoring the patient's blood pressure and electrolyte levels at regular checkups, doctors can make sure the dialysis treatment plan is working properly. Moreover, regular checkups of the dialysis access allow for the early detection of complications like infections or narrowing of the conduit, and early initiation of preventive treatment to avoid complete blockage of the dialysis access. Quality of Life After Dialysis Dialysis patients can lead productive lives. They can continue working, raising families, and exploring the world. If you need dialysis treatment while away from home, your vascular surgeon may be able to make the necessary arrangements for you. Dialysis solution and, if necessary, a portable home dialysis machine can be taken with you while you do either type of self-dialysis. Those who undergo peritoneal dialysis may need to limit exercise or other physical activities. If the abdomen area becomes too bloated due to the dialysis solution, the patient may need to avoid strenuous activities. Other than this, dialysis patients can usually exercise with no negative repercussions. Your doctor will give you specific instructions for your specific lifestyle and daily activities. Dialysis is... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: congenital vascular malformations, vascular anomalies Singapore, vascular malformation, vascular malformation awareness Singapore, vascular malformation causes, vascular malformation clinic, vascular malformation complications, vascular malformation diagnosis, vascular malformation laser treatment, vascular malformation management, vascular malformation outpatient care, vascular malformation patient care, vascular malformation risks, vascular malformation specialist, vascular malformation surgery, vascular malformation symptoms, vascular malformation treatment, vascular malformation types, vascular malformation vascular health, vascular malformations Singapore, vascular tumor Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Vascular malformations are developmental abnormalities affecting arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels, causing diverse symptoms. Treatment involves meticulous surgery to close off abnormal vessels, often requiring multiple sessions for optimal results. This approach ensures comprehensive management and improved outcomes. Surgical intervention aims to alleviate some symptoms and address functional impairments. Understanding the importance of a personalized treatment plan is crucial for achieving optimal outcomes. (https://www. barrowneuro. org/condition/arteriovenous-malformation-avm/) Introduction to vascular malformation Vascular malformations are rare developmental abnormalities involving blood vessels (arteries, veins and lymphatics), which can occur anywhere in the body. While they are typically present at birth, they may not become evident until later in life. These malformations can manifest as soft tissue masses, pain, swelling, or skin discoloration. Some occur on the face, neck, brain, or spinal cord, while others resemble birthmarks or red blemishes. In certain cases, vascular malformations can develop in adulthood following trauma or other incidents. Treatment may be necessary for malformations causing pain, functional impairment, bleeding, or other complications. These conditions affect the vascular system, comprising veins, arteries, and lymph vessels. Rather than forming smooth networks, the vessels enlarge, tangle, or form abnormal connections, disrupting blood flow. Vascular malformations are characterized by the abnormal growth of arteries, veins, and/or lymphatic vessels, lacking a normal pattern. Although typically non-cancerous, they can grow and invade surrounding tissues. Some types of vascular malformations are extremely rare, affecting less than 1 percent of the population. Many remain asymptomatic until triggered by factors like adolescence, pregnancy, major surgery, trauma, or injury. These malformations result from the abnormal growth and development of a single vessel type or a combination of vessels. Over time, they can increase in size and pose varying degrees of risk, ranging from harmless and minor to severe or life-threatening. Types of vascular malformations Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are visible abnormal growths of veins and arteries, characterized by incorrect connections between arteries and veins without the presence of capillaries. They can affect the brain or spine and may cause pulsing sensations or thrills. Venous malformations (VMs) are abnormal enlargements of veins, appearing as bluish or skin-coloured soft lumps under the skin. They are the most common type of congenital vascular malformation and can be present at birth but may not be clinically evident until later in life. Lymphovenous malformations (LVMs) are non-cancerous masses of fluid-filled channels resulting from the abnormal development of the lymphatic system. They typically develop in the soft tissues of the face, neck, and axillary regions. Dural arteriovenous fistulas happen when fistulas form between arteries and veins in the area of the brain. Haemangiomas, on the other hand, are non-cancerous growths of blood vessels, often appearing as red birthmarks on infants and can be found anywhere on the body, commonly on the face, scalp, back, or chest. Causes of vascular malformations Vascular malformations are typically present at birth, resulting from abnormal development of vascular and lymphatic channels during pregnancy. Injuries or hormonal changes during puberty or pregnancy can make venous malformations noticeable later in life. In some cases, genetic mutations inherited from family members can increase the likelihood of developing vascular malformations. Certain conditions like hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia or Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome may be associated with specific types of malformations. The causes of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are not fully understood, but they are believed to be congenital, and there may be a familial predisposition. However, the hereditary nature of AVMs is still uncertain. Trauma can also contribute to the development of some vascular malformations. Lymphatic malformations occur when lymph veins do not form properly during pregnancy. The exact cause of haemangiomas, characterized by clumped blood vessels, is not yet identified. Infantile haemangiomas are more common in infants with low birth weight, premature infants, and multiple births (such as twins or triplets). While vascular malformations are predominantly congenital, their hereditary nature is still not fully established. Trauma, genetic mutations, and abnormal development during pregnancy can contribute to the development of these malformations. Further research is ongoing to understand the precise causes and risk factors associated with different types of vascular malformations. Symptoms of vascular malformations AVMs are often symptomless, allowing individuals to live with them comfortably. However, there is a bleeding risk, with varying consequences based on AVM size and severity. Symptoms may arise between ages 10 and 40, and pregnant women may experience worsened symptoms due to increased blood pressure. Common symptoms include skin discoloration, swelling, sensitivity, ulcers, and discomfort. LVM symptoms result from nearby structure compression or obstruction, varying based on size and location. Complications include recurrent inflammation or bleeding. Inflammation leads to skin swelling and redness (cellulitis), causing pain and disfigurement. Bleeding causes severe pain, swelling, and enlargement of the affected area. DAVF symptoms can range from mild to aggressive, including pulsatile tinnitus. Other mild symptoms are vision problems, eye bulging, and eye lining swelling. Aggressive symptoms result from haemorrhages and include seizures, sudden headaches, speech difficulties, dementia, coordination issues, burning/prickling sensations, and nausea/vomiting. Note: Pulsatile tinnitus doesn't always indicate DAVF but may indicate another condition. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/brain-avm/symptoms-causes/syc-20350260) Most haemangiomas are asymptomatic, except for the smooth, raised red birthmarks they cause. After disappearance, the skin may be slightly discoloured with a small persistent lump. However, some haemangiomas can bleed, develop sores, and cause pain and infection. Organ haemangiomas may rarely result in pain and complications. Diagnosis of vascular malformations Typically, a clinical examination is followed by imaging procedures such as CT scans, MRIs, MRAs, and cerebral angiograms when diagnosing vascular malformations. These tests determine the location, nature, and impact of the malformation on the surrounding tissue. CT scans produce detailed cross-sectional images using X-rays and computer processing, whereas MRIs use magnets and radio waves to visualise soft tissues. MRAs provide a non-invasive evaluation of blood vessels, whereas cerebral angiograms require the injection of contrast dye to evaluate blood flow patterns and precisely locate the malformation. Regular imaging helps monitor the progression of the malformation and the efficacy of treatment interventions. Combining clinical examination with these imaging techniques ensure accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment planning. Treatments for vascular malformations Treatment for vascular malformations typically involves closing off or surgically removing affected blood vessels, with minimally invasive techniques being effective for most cases. 1. Surgical excision of the malformation may require multiple sessions depending on its size and can recur or result in disfigurement if not completely removed. 2. Minimally invasive methods can effectively halt the growth of the malformation, with some patients requiring multiple treatment sessions based on the size and type of the malformation. These methods include: a. Embolization effectively blocks blood flow to abnormal blood vessels and treats targeted areas by blocking off malformed arteries, making it a highly successful interventional treatment. b. Sclerotherapy is a non-surgical procedure that involves injecting scarring solutions into veins or lymphatic components to shrink blood or lymph vessels, providing an effective treatment option with just an injection. c. While medications like propranolol and beta-blockers can resolve haemangiomas, interventional therapies offer an alternative treatment for non-responsive cases or patients seeking non-pharmacological options. d. Laser therapy utilizes lasers to eliminate surface blood vessels and reduce lingering abnormalities caused by haemangioma, like uneven skin texture. (https://neuroaxis. com. au/conditions-treated/cerebrovascular-diseases/arteriovenous-malformation/) Complications of vascular malformations While some malformations can be observed without causing issues, others commonly result in pain and swelling, which can lead to limitations in activities like exercise or work. Large, high-flow malformations may eventually lead to heart failure. Vascular malformations in solid organs such as the liver, kidney, or uterus can cause organ dysfunction and related complications. AVMs in the brain or spine can impede oxygenated blood flow, potentially leading to life-threatening problems like aneurysms, intracranial haemorrhage (brain bleeds), and strokes. AVMs in the head and neck region are particularly common and can have severe consequences, including seizures, strokes, and breathing difficulties. Prevention of vascular malformations Vascular malformations are congenital conditions that cannot be prevented. Genetic counselling is recommended for individuals with a family history of related conditions to discuss options for reducing the risk of passing the condition to children. Early detection and appropriate medical care are crucial for managing symptoms and complications. Engaging with support networks and advocacy groups can provide valuable resources and emotional support for individuals and families affected by vascular malformations. Latest advancements in vascular malformation treatment Current research focuses on improving the prediction of haemorrhage risk in individuals with brain AVMs to enhance treatment decision-making, considering factors like high blood pressure within the AVM and associated hereditary syndromes with neurological implications. Evaluation of innovative imaging technologies such as 3D imaging, brain tract mapping, and functional imaging shows promise in enhancing surgical precision and safety when removing brain AVMs while preserving surrounding vessels. Furthermore, advancements in embolization, radiosurgery, and microsurgery techniques are expanding the possibilities for surgical removal of previously deemed inoperable brain AVMs, making the procedures more accessible and safer. (https://link. springer. com/chapter/10. 1007/978-3-030-63453-7_12) Recovery and rehabilitation after vascular malformation treatment Overall, our minimally invasive procedures offer patients the advantage of a same-day discharge, minimal discomfort, and a swift return to their regular routines. Some cases may require multiple sessions of such surgical excision or minimally invasive procedures, depending on the complexity of the condition. While there may be temporary discomfort and swelling in certain cases, appropriate measures are taken to alleviate these symptoms and support the healing process. However, it is common to experience some degree of discomfort for some time after the procedure. It is important to note that the full shrinkage of venous and lymphatic malformations may take several weeks to occur. During this period, patients are monitored closely to ensure proper healing and progress. Coping with vascular malformation Vascular malformations, which can also present itself as birthmarks, can negatively impact appearance and self-confidence, leading to mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. However, most of these malformations have positive treatment outcomes. Serious malformations like brain AVMs can pose life-threatening risks if they begin to bleed. Seeking timely medical intervention is crucial for managing such conditions effectively. It is vital to consult a vascular surgeon to manage vascular malformations effectively. These specialists possess the expertise and knowledge to provide accurate diagnosis, develop personalised treatment plans for individuals affected by these conditions. Support groups for vascular malformation patients Birthmark Community (Singapore) on Facebook is an online support group dedicated to individuals with vascular malformations, offering a safe and inclusive environment for sharing experiences, knowledge, and mutual support. Through this community, individuals can connect with others facing similar challenges, finding solace, understanding, and encouragement on their unique journeys with birthmarks. The community fosters a sense of belonging, allowing members to exchange insights and receive empathy from those who can relate to their experiences and provide valuable support. Common myths about vascular malformation It is a common misconception that all vascular malformations are harmful and require immediate treatment, whereas many are benign and do not necessitate intervention. Another misconception is that vascular malformations are purely cosmetic issues, neglecting the fact that they can cause functional impairments, pain, or even life-threatening complications depending on their specific characteristics. There is a belief that complete cure or elimination is possible for all vascular malformations, whereas treatment primarily focuses on symptom management, complication reduction, and enhancing overall quality of life rather than achieving complete eradication. It is a misconception that vascular malformations do not develop in later life. Hormonal changes during puberty and pregnancy can affect vascular malformations, leading to the accumulation of fluid or blood in poorly formed veins or lymphatic channels, while abnormal connections between arteries and veins can cause their manifestation later in life. Although surgical excision is a possible method to treat vascular malformations, it is not the only treatment for this condition. Other medical procedures such as embolization and sclerotherapy can be performed for patients with vascular malformations. Questions to ask your doctor about vascular malformation: It is crucial to inquire about the following aspects of your vascular malformation from your vascular surgeon to ensure a comprehensive understanding of your condition and treatment options: What factors contributed to the development of the... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: chronic pelvic pain treatment, congested pelvic, pelvic congestion causes, pelvic congestion clinic Singapore, pelvic congestion complications, pelvic congestion diagnosis, pelvic congestion management, pelvic congestion outpatient care, pelvic congestion patient education, pelvic congestion risk factors, pelvic congestion specialist, pelvic congestion surgery, pelvic congestion symptoms, pelvic congestion syndrome, pelvic congestion syndrome Singapore, pelvic congestion syndrome specialist near me, pelvic congestion therapy, pelvic congestion treatment, pelvic pain Singapore, pelvic vein disorder, pelvic vein embolization, pelvic vein issues, vascular pelvic health - Translation Priorities: Optional Is there a pelvic congestion syndrome specialist near me? Vascular and Interventional Centre is here to address your vascular needs through holistic medicine and customised treatments. Contact +65 6694 6270 to book an appointment with our team of well-trained vascular specialists. A woman’s reproductive system is a highly complex and intricate system that requires a lot of care and attention. It is an integral part of a woman’s overall health and wellness, and it should be regarded as such. Pelvic pain is something that many women experience in Singapore, and it is highly likely that your female relatives, friends, and colleagues have gone through this same problem. A congested pelvic area can be linked to numerous factors, ranging from harmless menstruation-related symptoms to a sign of a life-threatening sickness. Pelvic pain may be caused by problems with nonreproductive organs (like the bladder or bowel) or reproductive organs (like the ovaries or uterus). Finding the exact root cause of pelvic pain requires a comprehensive assessment and advice from a specialist who is aware of all the possible conditions, and who can provide a holistic assessment to reach the correct diagnosis. Many women attribute frequent pelvic pain to their normal menstrual cycle or other benign intestinal or urinary issues. However, pelvic pain occasionally may be due to more serious medical conditions such as endometriosis, pelvic congestion syndrome or even pelvic organ malignancies. Thus, it is highly recommended to seek advice from a specialist if you experience recurrent pelvic pain, especially if the discomfort frequently requires painkillers to control, or leads to time off work and affects your regular activities. (https://www. myaimhealth. com/pelvic-2-3/) What is Pelvic Congestion Syndrome? Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS), also called pelvic venous insufficiency, is a chronic condition that affects females mainly between the ages of 20 to 45. Those who have experienced childbirth more than once are also at higher risk. The exact cause of pelvic congestion syndrome is not well understood, but the increased pelvic blood flow during pregnancy which leads to dilatation of the veins, which in turn leads to weakening of the valves, is believed to be a contributing cause. The pain and discomfort experienced by pelvic congestion syndrome is due to the pooling of blood in the pelvic veins due to the malfunctioning valves, thus causing stretching of the veins and the accompanying pain associated with this phenomenon. There is a paucity of awareness of pelvic congestion syndrome, and it is actually more common than most people realise. It is estimated that up to 40% of women who have gynaecological visits complain of chronic pelvic pain, and approximately 30% of these visits are closely connected to pelvic congestion syndrome. What causes Pelvic Congestion Syndrome? Even after decades of research, there is found to be no singular cause to Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. It is attributed to several bodily functions, all surrounding dysfunctional pelvic veins and ovarian veins. In your veins, there are valves that let blood flow to a single direction. These valves close to prevent blood from flowing backwards, which can negatively impact the supposed blood flow by interrupting important bodily functions. When this happens, you may suffer from varicose veins or varicosities, which occurs when veins become twisted, dilated, and overflow with blood. Varicose veins around the ovaries can result in prolonged pain from interrupted blood flow in malfunctioning and congested veins. When the valves weaken, they are not able to prevent blood from flowing backward. There becomes a reflux of blood, which is often accompanied by pain and discomfort around the pelvic area. Since the veins cannot handle the sudden onset of blood, the veins tend to stretch and twist. It is a common misconception that varicose veins are only found in the leg area. In reality, varicose veins can also develop in your pelvic area. Some researchers believe that the emergence of varicose veins in the pelvis is rooted in pregnancy. When a person gets pregnant, they undergo major body changes. The body tries to compensate for the extra processes by producing extra blood which makes the heart pump faster than the normal rate. As the body’s needs increase, it exerts more effort to produce nutrients and keep up with natural processes of growing a foetus. With all the hormonal imbalances, weight gain, body aches, and other physical changes, your veins may be affected by circulation issues. This onset of stress may prevent veins from properly functioning. Since chronic pelvic pain is a symptom of both pregnancy and Pelvic Congestion Syndrome, it becomes increasingly important for women to seek professional advice from doctors and specialists. In addition to this, women in the menopausal stage rarely develop Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. This may be linked to hormonal changes, with the female body producing increased amounts of oestrogen during pregnancy. Oestrogen is linked to the dilation or widening of the veins, which may lead to circulation issues. When a woman is experiencing menopause, she no longer ovulates and there is a decreased level of oestrogen production. Even so, there is an extremely rare chance that menopausal women can still acquire Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. What are the risk factors associated with Pelvic Congestion Syndrome? There are several risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. Though it is not a lethal condition, it still warrants specific treatments to avoid functional disability and recurring pain. If you identify with any of these risk factors, it would be wise to take extra steps to stay healthy. Age - It typically affects 20- to 45-year-old women. Chronic pelvic pain is also a common occurrence of women in this age group. It causes discomfort which can affect daily activities such as work and school, having a negative impact on efficiency. Life stage - It is prevalent in women who are in their childbearing years. There are numerous reproductive health concerns for women in their peak reproductive years, including endometriosis and uterine fibroids. All of these are characterised by pelvic pain, which makes diagnosis difficult. Frequency of pregnancy - It is more common for women who have given birth two or more times to develop Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. The repeated stress of multiple childbirths affects the veins around the pelvic area, causing valves to weaken and malfunction. Family history – Some inherited genes make women more likely to develop Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. This highlights the importance of understanding one’s family health history. This condition is not preventable, but there are treatments to help with pain management. What are the various signs and symptoms of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome? The signs and symptoms of this condition manifests differently for everyone. Keep in mind, one should visit a healthcare provider even before symptoms become too severe. While some symptoms are persistent and come regularly, others may disappear for a while and then come back at a later time. It is important to remember that Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is highly complex, since its symptoms differ from one patient to another. If you are in doubt, it is best to contact a healthcare provider to ease your mind. It is important to keep track of the first occurrence of these symptoms. Your medical provider will inquire about your medical history and symptoms to properly identify or rule out Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. These symptoms depend on various factors such as physical condition, lifestyle changes, and many more. 1. Pelvic pain – The pain may oftentimes feel dull or heavy, while some can experience sharp and severe pain. It may come in sporadic or continuous patterns. a. Area of the body – Pelvic pain can be felt in the lower abdomen, below the belly button. Some women also experience back pain particularly in the lumbar region. It is characterised by a feeling of dull or intense pressure. (https://www. ivyrehab. com/news/what-causes-pelvic-pain/) b. Pregnancy – The pain may appear during or after pregnancy. As mentioned earlier, it may potentially worsen after multiple pregnancies because the veins may be damaged permanently. Veins widen and enlarge during pregnancy to accommodate increased blood flow. c. Time of the day – The pain associated with Pelvic Congestion Syndrome can be felt at any time, but it can get worse at the end of the day. The pain may be exacerbated by menstrual pain which comes before and during the period itself. d. Menstruation cycle – The pain may feel more excruciating during the premenstrual stage and during the actual menstruation stage. It may also cause irregular periods, in which the length and duration of the cycle keep changing. This may lead to abnormal period bleeding, a heavier flow than usual, and painful cramps felt in the lower abdomen. e. Sexual intercourse – Dyspareunia is recurrent genital pain that may appear during and after intercourse. The feeling is similar to menstrual cramps, with a dull continuous ache. f. Daily activities – The pain may worsen when sitting or standing for prolonged periods of time. For some, pelvic pain gets worse after strenuous exercise. It may lessen or completely disappear when lying down. 2. Varicose veins – Pelvic veins are closely connected to veins in the limbs. As a result, varicose veins can form on the legs, vulva, thighs, and buttocks. A growing foetus and anatomical changes result in stressed and swollen veins particularly in these areas. (https://crowsnestcosmeticandvein. com. au/are-varicose-veins-dangerous/) 3. Digestive problems – This condition can cause bloating or swelling of the stomach, diarrhoea, and constipation. The damaged veins disrupt the function of the pelvis, which negatively affects the digestive organs such as the bowel. 4. Stress incontinence – There is an involuntary loss of urine when there is abdominal pressure from sneezing, laughing, or performing other actions. The affected veins disrupt the bladder, which may also cause painful urination accompanied by a burning feeling. 5. Haemorrhoids – Pelvic vein issues may cause haemorrhoids, which are swollen veins in the anus and rectum. This may be linked to constipation or bowel movement problems which cause itching and irritation. 6. Leg fullness and swelling – Chronic pelvic pain may spread to other parts of the body. It can affect the lower back, buttocks, thighs, and legs. One may feel pain coming from the pelvis that slowly radiates down to the leg area. What are conditions share similar symptoms with Pelvic Congestion Syndrome? Chronic pelvic pain and other previously mentioned symptoms are linked to several other conditions. Since chronic pelvic pain is a common occurrence, it can be classified as a symptom in digestive, circulatory, urinary, and nervous system conditions. Menstrual Cramps – Cramps occur when the muscles of the uterus contract. Some women experience mild to extreme pain in the lower abdomen area when the uterus sheds its lining. As the hormones change, the menstrual cycle also affects bowel movements. Uterine Fibroids – Fibroids are common benign growths in the uterus. It is characterised by pelvic pain, backaches, irregular period flow and patterns, and painful sexual intercourse among other symptoms. Fibroids commonly cause pain when doing exercises and even daily activities. Reproductive Tract Cancer – Gynaecologic cancers often manifest through chronic pelvic pain, painful urination, bloating, constipation, painful sexual intercourse, and fatigue. Pelvic pressure is an early indicator of ovarian cancer, where there is a lack of blood supply to the ovary. Endometriosis – Endometriosis, which is the growth of tissue outside the uterus, is characterised by severe pain during menstruation, sexual intercourse, urination, bowel movements, and nausea. It is associated with infertility and several mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) – This is a bacterial infection of the urinary system, which can include the bladder, kidney, and urethra. Women may experience painful urination, pelvic or abdominal pain, and fevers. An early symptom of UTI is a burning feeling when urinating and a feeling of fullness in the bladder. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) – This hormonal condition causes infertility, mood changes, pelvic pain, acne, irregular menstruation, digestive issues, and excess hair growth. The discomfort originates from cysts in the ovary which can range from a dull ache... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: carotid artery blockage treatment, carotid artery disease awareness, carotid artery disease complications, carotid artery disease diagnosis, carotid artery disease management, carotid artery disease prevention, carotid artery disease recovery, carotid artery disease Singapore, carotid artery disease specialist, carotid artery disease symptoms, carotid artery disease therapy, carotid artery disease treatment, carotid artery health, carotid artery outpatient treatment, carotid artery patient care, carotid artery stenting Singapore, carotid artery surgery, latest carotid treatment, minimally invasive carotid treatment, vascular surgery carotid - Translation Priorities: Optional Overview of Carotid Artery Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors The carotid arteries are located on either side of your neck and supply oxygenated blood to your brain from your heart. These vessels can become narrowed or blocked due to plaque deposits caused by atherosclerosis (fatty deposits in the walls of the arteries). When this happens, it is referred to as carotid artery disease (CAD). CAD can reduce the blood supply to the brain, thus leading to stroke or permanent brain damage. The most common risk factors for CAD include high cholesterol levels, uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), smoking, and obesity. It's important for anyone at risk of developing the condition to be aware that many patients do not experience any symptoms until an irreversible stroke occurs. Thus it is important for patients (especially those with risk factors) to have regular health screening specifically for CAD to detect it early and initiate treatment before a debilitating stroke happens. (https://www. sydneyvascularsurgery. com. au/carotid-artery-disease. html) Diagnosing Carotid Artery Disease: Tests and Imaging Scans Most of the time CAD is asymptomatic (no signs or symptoms) until it is too late, when a stroke occurs. Thus screening for CAD prior to any symptoms onset in people, especially those with risk factors is the best option so that treatment can be initiated early to reduce the risk of a stroke. The primary test used by doctors when diagnosing an individual with CAD is a Doppler ultrasound scan, which uses sound waves to create images that show if there are blockages in the internal carotids and their degree of severity if present. Other tests that help diagnose CAD include magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and carotid angiography. Usually more than one imaging modality is required to obtain all necessary information required to make accurate treatment decisions. (https://bestpractice. bmj. com/topics/en-us/1205) Lifestyle Changes to Reduce Your Risk of Carotid Artery Disease It’s important for those who are at risk of developing CAD (due to age, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, etc. ) to take steps to reduce their risk as much as possible by making lifestyle changes such as: eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fat and sugar. exercising regularly maintaining good blood pressure through low salt diet and regular exercise quitting smoking if you are a smoker. Lifestyle changes can lower the risk of developing CAD, and also lower the chance of CAD worsening leading to a stroke. However please note that lifestyle changes alone are insufficient once CAD has developed, and a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate medical treatment is still required to adequately reduce the risk of a debilitating stroke. Treatments for Carotid Artery Disease In most cases, medications will also be needed alongside lifestyle changes when treating established carotid artery disease. They can help reduce the amount of cholesterol and lipids (fatty substances) circulating through the bloodstream, which reduces plaque deposits in your internal carotid arteries. Statins are a group of medications that inhibit an enzyme required to produce cholesterol, and they’ve been found to reduce cholesterol levels significantly when taken regularly. Other prescription drugs used in CAD include ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and antiplatelets; these prevent new clot formations from forming along any narrowed areas of the artery walls. If there are concerning signs associated with the CAD (such as microemboli seen coming from the plaque, or critical stenosis >70%), medications and lifestyle changes will be inadequate at preventing a serious stroke. Surgery is usually recommended in such instances. (https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/carotid-angioplasty-and-stenting/about/pac-20385111) Surgery can be either open (carotid endarterectomy surgery) or endovascular (involving ballooning and stenting). Endovascular Carotid artery stenting is a relatively new procedure, involving introducing a flexible wire mesh (aka stent) via a small puncture in the groin and positioning the stent across the diseased carotid artery. This serves to compress the atherosclerotic plaque to the side, thus opening up the narrowed blood vessel and improving blood flow to the brain, thus reducing the risk of a stroke. (https://www. healthlinkbc. ca/health-topics/carotid-endarterectomy) Open surgery (Endarterectomy) is the traditional surgical option for treating carotid artery disease. This procedure involves an incision along the neck and accessing the carotid artery before removing the blockage inside the artery and restoring proper blood flow. There are pros and cons to each surgical approach and an experienced Vascular surgeon experienced in both modalities will be able to advise which option is more suitable for your situation. Expectations and Preparations for Carotid Artery Disease Treatment The preparation and recovery after CAD treatment largely depends on which surgery (open vs endovascular) was performed. Good blood pressure control and adequate anticoagulation is generally required to ensure good outcomes. Recovery after endovascular surgery is generally quicker as it is minimally invasive, and most patients can discharge after 1-2 days of hospital stay post-operatively. A small tube (drain) may be placed in the neck wound after open endarterectomy surgery, and this is usually removed after 1-2 days. The neck incision wound will heal in 2 weeks if there are no complications. It is imperative to take all prescribed medications after any surgery to reduce risk of infection and stroke complications. (https://www. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0741521418308279) How to Find the Right Doctor for Carotid Artery Disease Treatment CAD surgery is considered high risk, with the main concern being a stroke during the surgery and in the immediate recovery phase. An experienced Vascular surgeon will conduct a systematic evaluation of all the blood vessels going to the brain (internal carotid and vertebral arteries), the blood vessels within the brain itself (Circle of Willis etc), as well as the morphology of the CAD atherosclerotic plaque to advise on the best treatment for your particular situation, be it medications and with/without surgery (open vs endovascular). An acceptable peri-operative stroke rate after CAD surgery is in the region of --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: best vascular surgeon singapore, minimally invasive vascular surgery, stenting singapore, types of vascular surgery, vascular disease treatment Singapore, Vascular Intervention, Vascular Interventional Treatments in Singapore, Vascular Singapore, vascular surgeon expertise, vascular surgeon Singapore, vascular surgery advice, vascular surgery benefits, vascular surgery clinic Singapore, vascular surgery consultation, vascular surgery introduction, vascular surgery outcomes, vascular surgery outpatient care, vascular surgery patient care, vascular surgery procedures, vascular surgery recovery, vascular surgery risks, Vascular surgery Singapore, vascular surgery specialist, vascular surgery techniques, vascular surgery vascular health, Vein Clinic Singapore, Veins centre singapore, Veins Treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Vascular surgery is a type of surgery that focuses on the blood vessels and their related conditions, such as blocked arteries, aneurysms, and varicose veins. In Singapore, the need for a vascular surgeon has been increasing over the years as the population ages and diseases such as aortic aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, varicose veins and kidney failure needing dialysis, increases in incidence. (https://www. kch. org/vascular-surgery) Vascular surgery is a type of surgery that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases that affect the arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels outside of the heart and the brain. It is a complex field of surgery that requires specialized skills, knowledge, and experience. There are many approaches and devices available to open or bypass blocked arteries or veins, or to repair damaged aneurysmal vessels. Thus, it is wise to choose a Vascular surgeon with expertise in a wide range of surgical techniques, and who can advise on the best approach for your particular condition. An experienced surgeon may make the difference between a successfully salvaged leg or an amputated leg, and even between life and death in high risk conditions such as aortic aneurysms or carotid artery disease. What type of conditions require Vascular Surgery for Patients in Singapore? Vascular surgeons treat a wide range of conditions that afflict the arteries or veins located outside of the heart and the brain. These include: 1. Carotid artery disease – opening up narrowed arteries which supply the brain can reduce the risk of stroke. 2. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) – restoring blood flow to arms or legs affected by PAD will reduce pain in the limbs, help any wounds to heal, and ultimately avoid a major amputation. (https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/17357-peripheral-artery-disease-pad) 3. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – Vascular surgeons can use minimally invasive methods to remove abnormal blood clots which may develop in the deep veins of the arms and legs and prevent complications such as pulmonary embolism or post-thrombotic syndrome. (https://www. drugwatch. com/health/cardiovascular-health/deep-vein-thrombosis/) 4. Varicose veins – varicose veins are a very common problem, and if left untreated may lead to irreversible skin hardening, skin darkening and ultimately chronic wounds. There are many minimally invasive devices available to treat this condition to prevent these debilitating complications. (https://provascularmd. com/stages-of-venous-insufficiency/) 5. Aortic aneurysms – This is an abnormal enlargement of the largest blood vessel in the body (the aorta) which is at risk of sudden rupture and death if allowed to increase past a certain size. This is also known as a ‘silent killer’ as most times, there are no symptoms until it is too late. An experienced Vascular surgeon can help to perform screening for the presence of this condition in at risk individuals, and institute preventive surgery early to reduce the risk of rupture and death. (https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/000162. htm) 6. Arteriovenous malformations – This is usually an inborn disease where the arteries and/or veins develop abnormal connections. Vascular surgeons can use minimally invasive embolization techniques to prevent the growth of these blood vessel lesions. 7. Embolization surgery – This is a minimally invasive technique which utilizes wires, coils and embolic agents to selectively block off certain blood vessels in the body. It is used to treat a wide range of conditions ranging from uterine fibroids, to benign prostatic hyperplasia, to even erectile dysfunction. This list is in no way exhaustive, and if you suspect you have a condition related to the blood vessels in your body, do not hesitate to consult an experienced Vascular surgeon for advice. The Latest Advances in Vascular Surgery in Singapore Gone are the days of long large incisions on the neck, arms, abdomen or legs to treat Vascular diseases. These days, most conditions can be treated using minimally invasive techniques (aka endovascular surgery). Endovascular surgery involves inserting a small catheter into the artery or vein to access the affected area, and thru which balloons, stents, coils and medications can be infused to treat most Vascular conditions. This type of surgery is less invasive than open surgery and can help reduce the risk of complications. Most patients can now have their surgery performed as a day case and go home the very same day. (https://www. coastalvascular. com/blog/what-is-endovascular-surgery) Not all conditions are best suited for endovascular surgery however, and it is prudent to choose a Vascular surgeon with experience in both open and endovascular surgery so that you can be given all possible options available and choose the most appropriate one. Understanding the Different Types of Vascular Surgery There are two main types of vascular surgery: open surgery and minimally invasive endovascular techniques. Open surgery is the traditional approach to treating vascular conditions and involves making an incision in the skin to access the affected area. This type of surgery is more invasive and can involve a longer recovery period. Minimally invasive endovascular techniques, involve inserting a small catheter into the artery or vein to access the affected area. This type of surgery is less invasive and can help reduce the risk of complications . What to Expect During a Vascular Surgery Procedure As seen from the above list (see “What type of conditions require Vascular Surgery for Patients in Singapore? "), Vascular surgery involves a wide range of diseases and a wide range of surgical approaches, devices and techniques to achieve good outcomes. In general however, prior to any Vascular surgery procedure, imaging tests will be performed to outline the anatomy of the affected vessels. Common imaging tests performed include ultrasound scanning, computer tomography (CT) scanning or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). As most conditions can now be treated via minimally invasive endovascular approaches, only a small incision in the arm or the groin is required to complete the operation. Most surgeries also do not require general anaesthesia and can be safely performed just with some light sedation owing to its minimally invasive approach. Upon completion of the surgery, a small pressure dressing will be applied to the puncture wound to prevent bleeding and most patients can usually return home on the evening of the operation, after a couple of hours of recuperation in a recovery bay. The Cost of Vascular Surgery in Singapore The cost of vascular surgery in Singapore can vary depending on the type of procedure performed and the complexity of the condition. Much of the cost is contributed by the various stents, balloons, catheters and wires used during endovascular surgery. Endovascular surgery also requires the use of an operating theatre with fluoroscopy (X-ray) availability, of which may contribute somewhat to the cost, as these are specialized operating rooms designed to accommodate the fluoroscopy machine and reduce radiation leakage. (https://uniqarehospital. com/best-vascular-surgeon-in-pcmc/) Owing to these various factors, it is not possible to give an accurate general guide as to the cost of Vascular surgery in Singapore, so do speak with your chosen Vascular surgeon about the estimated cost of your particular surgery. Most Vascular conditions are considered medically necessary and most good insurance policies should cover the cost of the surgery. The Risks and Potential Complications of Vascular Surgery As with any surgery, there are risks and potential complications associated with vascular surgery. These risks can include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and blood clots. In rare cases, the surgery can lead to stroke, heart attack, and other cardiovascular complications. It is important to discuss the risks and potential complications of the procedure with your doctor before proceeding . Preparation, Post-Surgery Care, and Recovery Tips for Vascular Surgery General advice before undergoing any operation include eating a healthy diet, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and following a regular exercise regimen. In addition, do let your doctor know if you are on any regular medications and if you have any drug allergies so that they can advise which medications need to be discontinued prior to the surgery, and they know which medications to avoid. It is always prudent to follow your doctor’s instructions regarding post-operative care, take all medications as they are prescribed, and do not miss the follow up appointment. If in the event you really cannot attend the scheduled follow-up appointment, please do call in to reschedule one at your convenience. Specific things to pay attention to for certain Vascular surgeries include: Surgery for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – Your doctor will typically prescribe a course of blood-thinning medications to prevent the artery from narrowing/blocking up again. While on such medications, do avoid any contact sports or activities which may expose you to trauma/injury, such as riding a motorbike. Surgery for varicose veins – If endovenous heat ablation techniques are used for the surgery, your affected leg will have a compression bandage applied at the end of the operation. When at home, avoid getting the compression bandage wet or taking it off prematurely. The bandage is removed 1-2 days after the operation and a light stocking needs to be worn for a further 2 weeks to achieve the best possible outcomes from the operation. (https://medisistsurgicals. com/product/compression-bandage/) 3. Aortic aneurysm and carotid artery surgery – Good blood pressure control is imperative to reduce complications after the operation. Do take all prescribed blood pressure medications as recommended, and monitor your blood pressure daily to ensure it remains within a healthy range. The Role of Vascular Surgery in Treating Cardiovascular Disease and Overall Quality of Life Vascular surgery involves treating the blood vessels located outside the brain and the heart, and it involves: Opening or bypassing blocked vessels Repairing damaged aneurysmal vessels Blocking (embolizing) vessels which are causing disease symptoms Many vascular conditions are either limb or life threatening and by undergoing successful vascular surgery, most patients can avoid a major limb amputation and return to their usual lifestyle. Please refer to “What type of conditions require Vascular Surgery for Patients in Singapore? ” section above for more details on the various disease conditions treated by Vascular surgeons. Minimally Invasive Techniques & The Latest Technologies in Vascular Surgery In recent years, minimally invasive techniques, aka endovascular surgery, have become standard practice in Singapore. This type of surgery involves inserting a small catheter into the artery or vein to access the affected area. It is less invasive than open surgery and can help reduce the risk of complications. In addition, improvement in 3D imaging technology has contributed to the improvement in outcomes by helping doctors diagnose and treat vascular conditions more effectively. Endovascular techniques have also made vascular surgery less invasive. This has reduced the risk of complications and has allowed more operations to be performed under sedation as a day case. Vascular Surgery and its Long-Term Role in Preventing Chronic Disease Vascular surgery can have a profound impact on preventing chronic disease. By improving blood flow to the lower extremities, it can help reduce the risk of blockages in the arteries and reduce the risk of complications, such as aneurysm rupture. In addition, it can also help reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis and other blood clotting disorders. By reducing the risk of these conditions, vascular surgery can help reduce the risk of chronic disease. The long-term benefits of vascular surgery can vary depending on the condition and the type of procedure. Generally, vascular surgery can help improve blood flow to the lower extremities and reduce the risk of amputation. It can also help reduce the risk of stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. In addition, it can help improve the quality of life for many patients. The Impact of Vascular Surgery on the Elderly Population in Singapore Vascular surgery can have a positive impact on the elderly population in Singapore. By improving blood flow to the lower extremities, it can help reduce the risk of amputation and improve the quality of life for many elderly patients. In addition, it can help reduce the risk of stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Vascular surgery can also be used to treat aneurysms, which can help reduce the risk of serious complications, such as aneurysm rupture. FAQs: What pre-surgical tests are necessary for vascular surgery? Before a vascular surgery procedure, you will... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: benign prostatic hyperplasia Singapore, BPH treatment Singapore, enlarged prostate complications, enlarged prostate prevention, enlarged prostate specialist, enlarged prostate specialist singapore, enlarged prostate symptoms, enlarged prostate treatment singapore, minimally invasive prostate treatment, prostate diagnosis, prostate enlargement causes, prostate gland enlargement, prostate health advice, prostate health management, prostate health Singapore, prostate medication Singapore, prostate outpatient treatment, prostate patient care, prostate surgery Singapore, prostate therapy Singapore, prostate treatment options - Translation Priorities: Optional An enlarged prostate, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition that affects men as they age. It can cause a variety of uncomfortable symptoms and can lead to serious health problems if left untreated. In this guide, we’ll discuss the basics of this ailment and the long-term outlook for those who undergo treatment. We’ll also answer common questions about enlarged prostate treatment in Singapore. What is an Enlarged Prostate and What Causes It? An enlarged prostate is a condition that affects men as they age. It is caused by an overgrowth of prostate cells in the gland. This causes the prostate to become enlarged, which can lead to various symptoms. The most common symptom is difficulty urinating, as the enlarged prostate can put pressure on the urethra and make it difficult to urinate. Other symptoms include: A frequent need to urinate A weak urine stream Difficulty starting or stopping the flow of urine. Dribbling or leaking urine A feeling of incomplete bladder emptying Waking up multiple times a night to urinate. (https://www. gleneagles. com. sg/health-plus/article/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia) The exact cause of an enlarged prostate is not known, but it is thought to be related to hormonal changes that occur with age. It is a common ailment of men in their later years and it is related to the changes in hormones which cause the prostate gland to grow . Prevalence of Enlarged Prostate in Singapore As of now, the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of an enlarged prostate is 39. 5% of men aged 40 and older. Researchers conducted a systematic review of relevant publications on the prevalence of an enlarged prostate in Singapore. Their review includes a demographic breakdown of the prevalence records of different studies. The findings show that the incidence rate of an enlarged prostate increases with age in Singaporean men. It is also more common in Indian and Malay men compared to Chinese. When to Seek Professional Help for an Enlarged Prostate If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of an enlarged prostate, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible. Your doctor will be able to help you determine the best treatment option for your particular situation. They may recommend lifestyle changes, medications, or other treatments to reduce the size of the prostate and improve the flow of urine. What to Expect During an Enlarged Prostate Evaluation & Diagnosis When you visit a doctor for an enlarged prostate evaluation, they will ask you about your symptoms and medical history. They will also perform a physical exam to check for any signs of an enlarged prostate. Your doctor may also order tests, such as a urine test, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, or an imaging test, such as an ultrasound or a CT scan. A biopsy may occasionally be required if the imaging test shows any suspicious nodules. Tips for Managing an Enlarged Prostate In addition to medications, there are several lifestyle changes that can help manage an enlarged prostate. These include: Avoiding caffeine and alcohol Quitting smoking Exercising regularly Maintaining a healthy weight It is also important to drink plenty of fluids The Different Types of Enlarged Prostate Treatments There are a variety of treatments available for an enlarged prostate. The type of treatment will depend on the severity of the symptoms and the underlying cause. Treatment options include medications, lifestyle changes, minimally invasive procedures, and surgery . 1. Medications are the most common treatment for an enlarged prostate and are usually the first line of treatment. These medications can help reduce the size of the prostate, reduce the symptoms, and improve the flow of urine. Common medications used to treat an enlarged prostate include alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, and antimuscarinics . 2. Minimally invasive procedures are also used to treat an enlarged prostate. Prostate Artery Embolisation is a minimally invasive procedure that blocks arteries that make the prostate shrink. In this procedure, an incision or puncture is made in the groin. A catheter is inserted, and then tiny particles are injected into the catheter. This way, the urethra becomes less congested and the prostate shrinks. (http://bocaradiology. com/men/pae. html) 3. Surgery is usually the last resort for an enlarged prostate, and there are several different types of surgery available. One type of surgery used to treat an enlarged prostate is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). This procedure involves removing part of the prostate through the urethra. Other types of surgery include open prostatectomy and laser prostatectomy. (https://www. cancer. gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/turp) What to Do After an Enlarged Prostate Treatment Once you have completed your treatment for an enlarged prostate, it is important to take steps to maintain a healthy prostate. This includes following your doctor’s instructions, taking medications as prescribed, avoiding caffeine and alcohol, quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight. It is also important to follow up with your doctor regularly to ensure that your treatment is working. The side effects of enlarged prostate treatments vary depending on the type of treatment. Common side effects of medications include dizziness and abnormal ejaculation. Side effects of minimally invasive procedures and surgery may include pain, bleeding, and infection. It is important to talk to your doctor if you experience any side effects . How to Prepare for Enlarged Prostate Treatment Before beginning treatment for an enlarged prostate, it is important to prepare. This includes talking to your doctor about any medications you are taking, quitting smoking, and avoiding caffeine and alcohol. It is also essential to follow your doctor’s instructions and ask any questions you may have about the treatment. Of particular importance is to inform your doctor if you are on any blood-thinning medications, as this may need to be discontinued during and after the surgery to prevent excessive blood loss. Expectations and Maintenance After Enlarged Prostate Treatment After an enlarged prostate treatment, it is important to take steps to maintain a healthy prostate. This includes following your doctor’s instructions in preparing for your overall lifestyle. It may be wise to keep a list of previous medications, medical tests, and other pertinent information. Minimally invasive procedures offer a quick return to daily activities, minimal discomfort, and same-day discharge from the facility. On the other hand, open surgery methods usually require patients to be confined in the facility for proper monitoring. It is also important to follow up with your doctor regularly to ensure that your treatment is working. Understanding the Long-Term Outlook for Enlarged Prostate Treatment The long-term outlook for enlarged prostate treatment depends on the type of treatment. Medications can help reduce the symptoms and improve the flow of urine but may not be effective in all cases. Minimally invasive procedures and surgery can be more effective but may come with risks and side effects. Following up with your doctor regularly is important to ensure your treatment is working. Regular check-ups may be needed to monitor the recovery progress. Choosing a Specialist Selecting a specialist for BPH treatment in Singapore may be challenging due to the diversity of the options available. The healthcare provider's qualifications and experience are both important factors to remember before making a decision. A professional doctor's background might be verified using various tools. It's easier to turn to a doctor who has experience managing BPH-related illnesses. Taking a closer look at a physician's website is also a good way to get a sense of their skills. It provides a chance to see patient evaluations and gain a better understanding of the provider's experience. Choose a healthcare provider that has your concerns in mind and is prepared to provide the attention and care you want. When selecting a healthcare professional, a provider's interpersonal skills, the possibility of a second opinion, and personal beliefs and concerns about care should all be considered. Today, numerous professionals, including urologists, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists, work with multidisciplinary groups to treat BPH. The nature of the treatment team a physician works with determines the care available to patients. It's difficult to locate or obtain the doctor's qualifications without asking questions throughout meetings and consultations. It's essential to gather as much information as possible about the doctor's treatment approach to see how it aligns with one's own values and expectations. Patients must choose a doctor who can offer the care they want and whose approach to care they trust. Provide people with advice on how to approach doctor consultations and visits. Patients should ask plenty of questions, whether they're meeting a sole practitioner or a team of physicians working with a multidisciplinary panel. Their healthcare provider should also be able to provide them with the information they need. It's a good idea to seek advice from reliable friends, family, or primary care physicians who are familiar with the healthcare provider. They might be more likely to offer a more complete picture of the provider and provide insight into the physician's relationships with patients. Second opinions are frequently sought by patients. They should not be afraid to seek advice from someone who may be more familiar with their medical situation. Find the most suitable care choices. Mandatory proven care treatments are not provided by the majority of doctors. They will typically provide various care options, and patients can discuss the risk-benefits process with them and achieve a total understanding before they begin. Qualifications and Experience It is crucial to see a trained urologist or urology surgeon with the proper experience in managing an enlarged prostate. A locally recognized medical degree, as well as registration with or accreditation from the Ministry of Health, is required for a urologist specializing in treating enlarged prostate in Singapore. Specialists who are senior and experienced in the field of urology are certified by the relevant medical authorities. Check to see if they have a higher degree or fellowship from a reputable institution. The number of procedures and interventions performed can give you an indication of how skilled a specialist is. You might also ask about their track record and overall patient satisfaction. If they write frequently about new surgical procedures or treatments, they may be at the leading edge of enlarged prostate management. Medical training is, as a result, essential. Look for a medical institution that offers fellowships in a specific area, or ask the specialist about their expertise in the subject. Examinations, where therapists from other countries assess a specialist physician, can also provide a level of competence. Other boards may require intensive training and a barrier test, making certain requirements must be met. A fellow who has completed their fellowship can present their particular expertise in the treatment of enlarged prostate. Lifestyle and Preventive Measures You have options for preventing or reducing the severity of your enlarged prostate symptoms. Screening is important to keep track of any changes in your health. It is advisable for all adults to engage in regular check-ups at least once a year with a healthcare professional, even if you are feeling healthy. Here are 16 lifestyle and home remedies to help you manage and improve an enlarged prostate. If you have BPH symptoms, working in partnership with your healthcare team to incorporate these and other lifestyle practices can often be beneficial. 1. Manage Stress 2. Maintain a Balanced Diet 3. Exercise Regularly 4. Go When You Need To 5. Avoid Caffeine and Alcohol 6. Get Warm 7. Stay Dry 8. Medications 9. Urinate Before You Leave the House 10. Use Pads and Catheters Some men will require or choose to use catheters to help with urinary incontinence and other lower urinary tract symptoms not corresponding to BPH. It has to be prescribed and used according to specific instructions from a healthcare provider, and it may involve a combination of self-intermittent catheterization, an external catheter, and a condom catheter, for example. Choosing the Right Solutions Everyone can do their part to prevent BPH while managing and controlling symptoms that might already be present. Even though there is no way to prevent aging and the levels of testosterone men have, changing your... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: benefits of vascular surgeon, best vascular surgeon singapore, stenting singapore, treatment singapore, treatments in singapore, Vascular care Singapore, vascular disease, vascular disease specialist, Vascular health Singapore, Vascular Intervention, vascular interventional, Vascular Singapore, vascular surgeon advice, vascular surgeon appointment, vascular surgeon clinic Singapore, vascular surgeon consultation, vascular surgeon expertise, vascular surgeon for vein treatment, vascular surgeon patient care, vascular surgeon services, vascular surgeon Singapore, vascular surgeon specialist, vascular surgeon treatment, vascular surgery benefits, vascular surgery center Singapore, vascular surgery outcomes, Vascular surgery Singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore, Veins centre singapore, why see a vascular surgeon - Translation Priorities: Optional We understand how important it is to have access to quality healthcare and treatment that meets your needs. Singapore’s medical system offers quality care with reputable doctors and state-of-the-art treatment for all types of conditions. This is especially so for Vascular diseases, which are not as common as many other conditions, and where it is imperative to engage an experienced Vascular surgeon who is competent in all modalities of Vascular treatment in order to achieve the best results possible. What is Vascular Surgery Treatment? Vascular surgery is focused on treating problems related to blood vessels and circulation within our bodies; this includes both arteries and veins. Vascular surgery deals exclusively with blood vessels outside the heart and usually the brain. It involves techniques such as bypass procedures, stenting, angioplasty (to open blocked vessels), endovascular repair (tiny surgical instruments inserted through tiny cuts), or embolization (blocking off vessels using a substance). (image source: https://uniqarehospital. com/best-vascular-surgeon-in-pcmc/) The Types of Vascular Surgery Treatments Available in Singapore Singapore has continued to develop and expand its vascular surgery capabilities to provide comprehensive care for those suffering from diseases or disorders related to their blood vessels. Common treatments available here include: Angioplasty involves inserting and inflating a balloon into a blocked artery, helping it open up and improving circulation. (image source: https://lamvascular. com/angio-suite/angioplasty-and-stenting/) Endovascular procedures is a general term referring to treating diseased arteries or veins using minimally invasive techniques. It usually involves the insertion of a sheath through an artery in the groin or arm area. Thru this sheath various balloons, stents and catheters can be introduced to perform the necessary surgery. (image source: https://www. bostonscientific. com/content/dam/bostonscientific/pi/portfolio-group/Atherectomy/JetStream/jetstream-product. jpg) Vascular Bypass Surgery is an open surgery method where a healthy vein or prosthetic graft is used to bypass the blocked portion of the artery. (image source: https://satyughealthcare. com/treatment-package/femoro-popliteal-bypass-cost-in-india) Pharmacological treatments are medications prescribed to prevent blood clot formation and dissolve existing clots. These procedures can be conducted either as outpatient services or require a hospital stay, depending on the severity of the condition being treated. Other procedures available in Singapore include laser therapies (for varicose veins), endarterectomy/thrombectomy (removing arterial plaque), and embolization (injecting substances into flow vessels). Common Diseases and Treatments Related to Vascular Surgery Vascular diseases are common, especially in Singapore’s aging population. Some diseases that a vascular surgeon may treat include: Atherosclerosis: hardening of arteries due to the build-up of fatty deposits on their walls, which affects blood flow and increases risk for vascular complications; treatment involves angioplasty, stenting, or bypass surgery. (image source: https://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/health/atherosclerosis) Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): a condition caused by clots forming in deep veins; treatment involves anticoagulant drugs or surgical removal of the clot. (image source: https://www. capital-medical. com/products/dvt-pe-treatment/) Venous insufficiency: abnormal valve function in veins resulting in pooling of blood and formation of varicose veins; treatment includes lifestyle changes, compression stockings, or laser therapy to seal off the affected area. (image source: https://veinscarolina. com/a-discussion-about-venous-reflux-with-vein-specialist-dr-david-draughn/) Ovarian Vein Embolisation is a treatment for those with Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. It is a procedure where a thin catheter is inserted into the patient’s groin vein. Afterward, titanium coils are inserted to close off affected veins. (image source: https://vein. stonybrookmedicine. edu/disease/pelvic-congestion-syndrome) The Different Types of Stenting Available in Singapore Stenting is a procedure in which a metal tube is inserted into a blood vessel to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of blockage. In Singapore, there are a variety of stenting options available. (image source: https://www. lacmedical. com/coronary-artery-disease/) Balloon-expandable stents are inserted into the vessel and then inflated to widen the vessel and improve blood flow. Self-expandable stents are inserted into the vessel and expand on their own to widen the vessel and improve blood flow. Drug-eluting stents are coated with a special drug that helps to reduce the recurrence of lumen narrowing and blocking the vessel. The Benefits of Vascular Surgery Treatment in Singapore Vascular surgery treatment in Singapore can provide many benefits. These include improved blood flow and circulation, reduced pain, and improved overall health and wellbeing. Additionally, vascular treatments can help reduce the risk of blockages, aneurysms, and other vascular conditions. Treatment options such as endovascular procedures, stenting, angioplasty, and other minimally invasive treatments can provide quick and effective results with minimal discomfort or downtime. What to Expect During a Vascular Surgery Procedure Each vascular surgery procedure is unique and will depend on the patient’s condition and the type of treatment being performed. Generally, open surgery requires a general anesthetic, and the patient will be monitored for any complications during the procedure. Endovascular procedures are typically performed under local anesthesia and require minimal recovery time. In addition to this, there are minimally invasive procedures that have less downtime and faster recovery compared to open surgery. Vascular surgery treatment in Singapore can provide many benefits. The main advantage is improved blood flow and circulation, which can reduce the risk of blockages, aneurysms, and other vascular conditions. Additionally, treatments such as endovascular procedures, stenting, angioplasty, and other minimally invasive treatments can provide quick and effective results with minimal discomfort or downtime. On the other hand, vascular surgery treatment can also have some risks and side effects, including infection, bleeding, and stroke. The Risks and Recovery Process After Vascular Surgery and Treatment Vascular surgery treatment can have some risks and side effects, including infection, bleeding, and stroke. It is important to discuss the risks of the procedure with your doctor and to ensure that the procedure is being performed by an experienced and qualified surgeon. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions of your doctor and to take any prescribed medications as directed. The recovery process after vascular surgery treatment will depend on the type of procedure performed. Generally, open surgery requires a longer recovery time, and the patient may need to stay in the hospital for several days. Endovascular procedures like stenting and angioplasty typically require minimal recovery time, and the patient can usually be discharged the same day. During the recovery process, it is important to follow the instructions of your doctor and take any prescribed medications as directed. What to Look for in a Vascular Surgeon in Singapore When looking for a vascular surgeon in Singapore, it is important to look for a qualified and experienced provider. It is also important to make sure that the provider is familiar with the latest advances in vascular surgery treatment and is up-to-date on the latest technologies. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the provider is comfortable with the procedure that you are having and is able to answer any questions that you may have. The Latest Advances in Vascular Surgery and Treatment Technology In recent years, there have been many advances in vascular surgery treatment technology. These include the use of new technologies such as 3D imaging to improve accuracy and reduce recovery time. Additionally, new stenting technologies, such as drug-eluting stents and self-expanding stents, have been developed to improve the safety and effectiveness of vascular treatments. (image source: https://radiologykey. com/the-aorta-2/) FAQs: Is vascular surgery treatment available in all areas of Singapore? Yes, vascular surgery treatment are available in all areas of Singapore. Are there any risks associated with vascular surgery treatment? Yes, there are some risks associated with vascular surgery treatment, including infection, bleeding, and stroke. It is important to discuss the risks of the procedure with your doctor and to ensure that the procedure is being performed by an experienced and qualified provider. How long does a vascular surgery procedure usually take? The length of a vascular surgery procedure will depend on the type of procedure being performed and the patient’s condition. Generally, open surgery can take several hours, while endovascular procedures like stenting and angioplasty can take an hour or less. How long does it take to recover from vascular surgery an treatment? The recovery time for vascular surgery treatment will depend on the type of procedure being performed. Generally, open surgery requires a longer recovery time, and the patient may need to stay in the hospital for several days. Endovascular procedures like stenting and angioplasty typically require minimal recovery time, and the patient can usually be discharged the same day. Are there any side effects to vascular surgery treatment? Yes, there can be side effects to vascular surgery treatment, including infection, bleeding, and stroke. It is important to discuss the risks of the procedure with your doctor and to ensure that the procedure is being performed by an experienced and qualified provider. What are the long-term effects of vascular surgery? The long-term effects of vascular surgery will depend on the type of procedure being performed and the patient’s condition. Generally, open surgery can improve blood flow and circulation, reduce pain, and improve overall health and wellbeing. Endovascular procedures, stenting, and angioplasty can also improve blood flow and circulation, reduce pain, and improve overall health and wellbeing. Are there any lifestyle changes that I should make after having vascular surgery treatment? Yes, it is important to make some lifestyle changes after vascular surgery treatment. These can include quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and managing stress. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions of your doctor and to take any prescribed medications as directed. How long will the results of vascular surgery treatment last? The results of vascular surgery and treatment can last for several years, depending on the type of procedure being performed and the patient’s condition. It is important to follow the instructions of your doctor and to take any prescribed medications as directed. Are there any alternatives to vascular surgery treatment? Yes, there are some alternatives to vascular surgery and treatment. These can include lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and managing stress. Additionally, medications can be used to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of blockages, aneurysms, and other vascular conditions. What are the payment options available for this treatment? Payment options for vascular surgery treatment will depend on the type of procedure being performed and the patient’s insurance coverage. You may contact your health insurance provider to find out if your plans will cover some or all the costs associated with the procedure. Where can I seek the advice of a vascular specialist about best vascular surgeon singapore, stenting singapore, vascular disease treatment singapore, vascular intervention, vascular interventional treatments in singapore, vascular singapore, vein clinic singapore, veins centre singapore, veins treatment singapore? Vascular and Interventional Centre is here to address your vascular needs through interventional and non-interventional customised treatments. Contact +65 6694 6270 to book an appointment with our team of well-trained vascular specialists. I’ve been searching for information and answers to treatment for best vascular surgeon singapore, stenting singapore, vascular disease treatment singapore, vascular intervention, vascular interventional treatments in singapore, vascular singapore, vein clinic singapore, veins centre singapore, veins treatment singapore. Where can I find articles on this topic? You can explore our website https://www. sgvascularctr. com for more resources about conditions and our treatments. You can also visit our Facebook page (https://www. facebook. com/sgvascularctr) for additional information. Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary's Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: blood clot treatment Singapore, Deep vein thrombosis Singapore, deep vein thrombosis therapy, DVT awareness Singapore, DVT blood clot removal, DVT causes, DVT complications, DVT diagnosis, DVT management Singapore, DVT medication, DVT outpatient treatment, DVT patient care, DVT prevention Singapore, DVT recovery tips, DVT risk factors, DVT screening, dvt specialist singapore, DVT symptoms, dvt treatment singapore, DVT vein health, treatment for dvt singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Introduction to DVT Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms inside a deep vein within the body, usually in the legs and less commonly in the arms. A clot can form for various reasons, such as damage caused by surgery or injury, sitting down for long periods of time, or increased inherent clotting tendency due to pregnancy or genetics. Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of DVT DVT is caused by a triad of factors, namely poor blood flow (venous stasis), increased clotting tendency (hypercoagulable states), and injury to the vessel wall (endothelial damage). (Image source: https://www. researchgate. net/publication/330883723_Impact_of_drugs_on_venous_thromboembolism_risk_in_surgical_patients/figures? lo=1) Causes of poor blood flow include obesity and pregnancy, where the increased pelvic pressure obstructs the veins making it harder for blood from the legs to flow back to the heart. Prolonged periods of immobility (such as prolonged bed rest after a major surgery or sitting for hours during a long-haul flight) also leads to poor blood flow in the leg veins. The leg veins are thin-walled low-pressure vessels, and they rely on the surrounding leg muscle contractions to push the blood back to the heart. During periods of prolonged immobility, blood is unable to move by itself upwards and begin pooling in the deep veins of the leg thus leading to DVT. Increased clotting tendencies also occur in pregnancy but can be a result of genetics and cancer as well. It is especially so, if you experience recurrent DVTs, without any obvious inciting factor. External factors such as birth control pills, hormone replacement medications and smoking can also increase the risk of forming clots in the deep veins. Injury to the vein, leading to a DVT usually occurs after trauma such as from a motor vehicle accident, or from surgery. The deep vein may also be injured from recurrent external compression by surrounding structures such as in thoracic outlet syndrome or popliteal entrapment syndrome. The most common symptoms suggestive of a DVT include sudden pain in your leg or arm (which can worsen when standing or walking), swelling in the affected area(s), and/or skin discoloration. Diagnosis of DVT If you believe you may be suffering from a deep vein thrombosis, it's essential to seek medical help immediately. Your doctor will likely conduct an ultrasound of your affected veins and a Doppler test, which evaluates how blood flows thru the vein. Additionally, they might take a blood test or ask for CT scans to evaluate the veins within the chest and abdomen for any evidence of clots. (Image source: https://4dbabyscanslondon. com/dvt-screening/) Medications and Treatments for DVT The treatment options for those who suffer from DVTs will depend on many factors such as age, general health, severity, and location of the clot(s). Outlined below are some of the treatment options available: 1. Blood Thinners These medications are typically prescribed to help stop any further formation of clots and break up existing ones within an individual’s veins and arteries. This helps reduce associated risks like pulmonary embolism, which occurs when part of the clot breaks away from the main source and travels to a person’s lungs. 2. Minimally Invasive Treatments In some instances, surgical intervention may be necessary and this can involve either infusing medications into the vein via a long tube/catheter to break up the clot (such as in thrombolysis), or by mechanically removing the clot itself (thrombectomy) by using specialised devices which are introduced via a small puncture wound. (Image source: https://www. bostonscientific. com/en-US/products/thrombectomy-systems/angiojet-thrombectomy-system. html) 3. Compression stockings Compression stockings are used in the prevention of DVTs. These are garments that apply pressure around the legs and calves to reduce the polling of blood in the corresponding veins, thus reducing the risk of DVT forming. (Image source: https://www. amazon. in/Compression-Stockings-Thigh-Unisex-Moderate/dp/B093CH124L) Prevention of DVT Prevention is always the best way to tackle any medical problem, and should be practised by all, but especially by those who have known risk factors. One way to do this is by maintaining a healthy and balanced lifestyle — exercising regularly, eating nutritious foods, and avoiding smoking if possible. Additionally, those more prone to blood clots should consider wearing compression stockings and even taking anticoagulation medications under supervision of a doctor, when traveling on long trips. Complications of DVT DVT if left untreated may progress and lead to severe consequences such as: Limb loss – the circulation of the affected arm/leg progressively deteriorates leading to irreversible tissue damage and an unsalvageable limb. Pulmonary embolism – this is a condition whereby a segment of the clot breaks away and lodges in the main vessels of the lungs (pulmonary artery) leading to a lack of oxygen, which can be life-threatening. (Image source: https://www. capital-medical. com/products/dvt-pe-treatment/) 3. Post-thrombotic syndrome – the clot in the vein leads to inflammation and over-time damage to the valves. This results in long-term malfunctioning of the deep veins leading to persistent leg swelling. (Image source: https://www. nhs. uk/conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt/) Recovery from DVT The best way to recover from a deep vein thrombosis event is to follow medical advice as closely as possible; this means taking all prescribed medications, wearing compression stockings if needed, and returning to a regular exercise routine when able to (as approved by your physician). It also helps if you maintain healthy habits like eating nutritious foods and avoiding smoking and alcohol consumption. DVT and Lifestyle Considerations 1. Travel - For those considering taking long domestic or international trips, it’s vital to keep DVT prevention methods in mind. This means staying active while traveling (if possible) and elevating your legs to encourage proper circulation; flights over four hours should include a 15-minute break every so often if possible. Additionally, wearing compression stockings may be wise for those hoping to reduce their risk during travel. Taking plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration also helps. 2. Pregnancy - Expectant mothers have an increased chance of developing deep vein thrombosis due to slowed blood flow caused by the enlarging foetus as well as increased clotting tendency due to the pregnancy hormones. Pregnant women must take precautions to avoid any potential clotting issues, including regularly exercising or moving around, avoiding sitting positions with crossed legs, wearing compressing socks at night, and maintaining adequate hydration levels throughout the day. 3. Children - Children are typically not at the same risk as adults when developing clots, although certain conditions, such as birth defects or illnesses, may increase their chances. If your child shows any signs of DVT (such as leg or arm pain, discoloration, and general fatigue), you should take them to a doctor immediately to rule out any underlying issues. When To See a Doctor For DVT Seeking medical help is an absolute must if you suspect you or someone else is experiencing a profound vein thrombosis event. Not only will this help ensure proper testing to identify the clotting issue(s), but also that appropriate treatment options can be provided depending on the severity and location of clot formations — this could potentially save lives. FAQs: Is there any way to reduce the risk of DVT while traveling? Yes. Traveling can be a major risk factor for DVT, so it’s important to take preventative measures. Staying hydrated and active on long trips is key; avoid sitting in one position for too long by getting up and walking around regularly throughout your journey. Wearing compression socks or stockings also helps improve circulation and reduce the risk of clots forming in your veins. Is there any way to reduce the risk of DVT during pregnancy? During pregnancy, you can decrease your chances of developing deep vein thrombosis by keeping as active as you can—regular walks or low-impact exercises are great options here! You should also stay well hydrated and sleep with your legs slightly elevated above heart level if possible (by placing pillows underneath them). It is also important to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. When should I see a doctor for DVT? Any signs of swelling or discoloration in your extremities should be investigated immediately, as they may be a sign of an underlying clot. The pain associated with DVT can range from moderate to severe depending on the degree of vessel obstruction and usually gets worse when walking or standing up. If you notice any of these symptoms, then it’s important that you seek medical assistance right away so that treatment can begin before it’s too late. What are the side effects of blood thinners for DVT? Common side effects associated with using blood thinners for Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headaches. Additionally, these medications may increase your risk of bleeding, so it is important that you speak to your doctor before starting any course of medication in order to understand the benefits and risks involved. Your doctor will be able to provide detailed information about potential side effects so that you can make an informed decision about what’s best for you or your loved one. Where can I seek the advice of a vascular specialist about treatment for DVT Singapore? Vascular and Interventional Centre is here to address your vascular needs through interventional and non-interventional customised treatments. Contact +65 6694 6270 to book an appointment with our team of well-trained vascular specialists. I’ve been searching for information and answers to treatment for DVT Singapore. Where can I find articles on this topic? You can explore our website https://www. sgvascularctr. com for more resources about conditions and our treatments. You can also visit our Facebook page (https://www. facebook. com/sgvascularctr) for additional information. Dr Chen Min Qi profile Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon who graduated from the National University of Singapore in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery while obtaining the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams obtaining the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service, before joining his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: fibroid clinic Singapore, fibroid consultation Singapore, fibroid growth, fibroid removal Singapore, fibroid Singapore, Fibroids Singapore, Fibroids Treatment Singapore, UFE Singapore, uterine cancer singapore, uterine fibroid causes, Uterine fibroid complications, Uterine fibroid diagnosis, uterine fibroid health, uterine fibroid management, uterine fibroid medication, uterine fibroid pain, uterine fibroid prevention, uterine fibroid size, uterine fibroid specialist, uterine fibroid surgery, uterine fibroid symptoms, uterine fibroid treatment Singapore, uterine fibroid ultrasound, Uterine Fibroids, Uterine fibroids Singapore, Uterine health Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Uterine fibroids are a common yet serious medical issue that affects women of all ages in Singapore. They’re non-cancerous growths that form in the uterus and can cause many symptoms, including cramping, heavy bleeding, pain during intercourse, and other irregularities. Uterine fibroids can be life-altering for many women due to their effects on fertility, health, and quality of life . This complete guide will tell you everything you need to know about uterine fibroids in Singapore, from what causes them to treatments like uterine artery embolisation (UFE) and myomectomy. We will also discuss the risks associated with these procedures, and the expected recovery journey. Unveiling Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: How Common is it? Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are muscular tumours that develop within the walls of the uterus during premenopausal years—most commonly between 30 and 40 years old. These benign growths generally range in size from microscopic to more than 10 centimetres across. A woman can have one fibroid or many, and their locations vary based on where in the uterus they developed . Uterine fibroids are extremely common—in fact, it’s estimated that by the age of 35, up to 40 to 50 percent of women will develop them at some point during their lifetime . However, despite their prevalence, uterine fibroids are still a relatively unknown health issue in Singapore. Many women despite suffering from the symptoms of uterine fibroids, attribute them simply to having a bad menstrual cycle, and do not seek medical treatment for this condition. (image source: https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/symptoms-causes/syc-20354288) Local Statistics and Prevalence New research in local settings is shedding light on the prevalence of uterine fibroids in Singapore. A study of more than 1,500 women uncovered a lifetime prevalence of 20. 7 percent, or one in five women in the sample. The likelihood of developing uterine fibroids increased with age. Among those in the study who had fibroids, one in two had been diagnosed in the past. This illustrates the underreporting of the condition and the size of the treatment gap in the local general population. In another local study, researchers found a uterine fibroid prevalence of 20. 7 percent among women seeking fertility treatment. Among these women, the median age was 35 years, 76 percent were Chinese, 10. 7 percent were Malay, and 6 percent were Indian. Among women in this study who had fibroids, 61. 2 percent had been diagnosed before. The prevalence of uterine fibroids increases with age. Those who are overweight or obese are more likely to have fibroids than those who are within the normal weight range. Women with higher educational attainment are at an increased risk of developing uterine fibroids. However, Chinese women reported a greater awareness and understanding of fibroids compared with Malays and Indians. This requires further exploration as studies have suggested that fibroids tend to be larger and diagnosed later among Asian women, and there are ethnic variations in the severity of symptoms and psychosocial problems associated with the condition. There is a need for further research in true national populations to gain a more comprehensive insight into the prevalence of uterine fibroids in Singapore. Prevalence of Fibroids among Women in Singapore Uterine fibroids are tumors of the uterus and are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive system. They are widely known to affect women around the world, although still underexplored in their effects throughout the Asia subcontinent. Singapore, as a multi-ethnic country, has high percentages of women affected by uterine fibroids. This section will further discuss the prevalence of uterine fibroids in Singapore. The results illustrated that between 45–55% of women of reproductive age in Singapore have uterine fibroids, although exact numbers differed greatly between the Aboriginal, Chinese, Malay, and Indian women studied. One result of further interest showed that 6% of Aboriginal women exhibited fibroids over 5 cm at the same time in their reproductive history, while such tumor sizes in the three other categories were absent. This serves to underscore the need to conduct further, in-depth research across various demographics in Singapore in order to obtain an accurate understanding of the full ramifications of this affliction within its women today. The following pages discuss the literature review and outcome in greater detail. Fibroids are typically found in women between the ages of 20–50. Fibroid size varies with patient age, with research timeframes reporting fibroid size from the time of presentation. Uterine fibroids were found in 4. 58% of infertile women with an average age of 39. The prevalence and impact of uterine fibroids can vary across different groups of women. Data from several selected groups in Singapore show that, while fibroids are common among women, epidemiological information on fibroids among the general population is still insufficient. Note that fibroids are common among women. Research reveals that at least 5–10% of fibroids cause infertility, and up to 50% of women with subfertility have fibroids. Fibroids were diagnosed in 76% of the second study, with 40% of fibroids causing reduced fertility and 8% causing infertility. Fibroids were 38% more prevalent in Singaporean Chinese women than in Malay women and 15% more prevalent in Singaporean Indian women. Understanding Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: Symptoms, Treatment, and Risks Most people with uterine fibroids do not feel any noticeable symptoms aside from minor discomfort such as abdominal tenderness or cramps during menstrual cycles. Others may experience more severe symptoms such as: Heavy menstrual bleeding that often necessitates needing to change sanitary pads frequently throughout the day Long-lasting periods (more than 7 days) Spotting between periods Frequent urination (due to pressure against the bladder) Constipation (due to pressure against the rectum) Extreme fatigue due to blood loss associated with heavy periods In rare cases, more serious complications such as difficulty breathing, difficulty getting pregnant, or anemia may occur due to the amount of blood loss associated with uterine fibroids. Currently, there are no treatments that can prevent the development of fibroid tumours, but once they form, treatment options vary depending on the size and location of the growths, as well as a patient’s symptoms and fertility goals. One available treatment for uterine fibroids is Uterine artery embolisation (UAE). Thisinvolves injecting small particles into the arteries that feed the fibroids to block off their blood supply and cause them to shrink over time. A myomectomy (which surgically removes one or more fibroids from inside the uterus) is another option, but it requires more invasive surgery and longer recovery times than UFE; other medical therapies like hormonal drugs may also be prescribed to manage symptoms such as heavy bleeding, but they come with side effects of osteoporosis and infertility, and if the medications are stopped, the fibroids will grow back very quickly . Learn About Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: Risk Factors, Options, and UFE It isn’t fully understood what causes uterine fibroid tumours yet, but certain risk factors appear to increase a woman's chances of developing them: Age Obesity Genetics Hormone levels A woman with a family history of fibroid tumours (her mother or sisters) is likely to be at higher risk of developing them; likewise, if her hormones are out of balance, this can trigger their growth as well . UFE is an effective treatment option for many women who suffer from the symptoms caused by uterine fibroid tumours. The procedure involves blocking off the blood supply to the uterus, which effectively causes shrinking of the fibroids over the next few weeks to months. Other treatments, such as surgical removal, may be considered depending on the size, location and other factors. It is best to speak with a specialist to better understand the various options and choose the one which is most appropriate for your situation. (image source: https://www. azuravascularcare. com/medical-services/uterine-fibroid-embolization/) Making Sense of Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: Prevention and Recovery Since it isn’t known what causes uterine fibroids, there are no surefire ways to prevent them from occurring, but maintaining good overall health can help reduce your risk; eat nutritious foods, keep active, and stay within a healthy weight range for your age and height. Additionally, make sure you’re getting regular check-ups with your doctor, and definitely seek medical attention should you experience symptoms of uterine fibroids such as: Heavy menses Sever cramps during menses Spotting between periods Frequent urination or constipation The good news is that many women who undergo UFE in Singapore have a full recovery within 3–4 weeks and can return to their normal everyday activities very soon. In the immediate post-operative recovery period, you are advised to take it easy and avoid strenuous activities such as vigorous exercise and lifting heavy objects. Follow your doctor's instructions regarding medications or supplements, and make sure you rest when needed. Most women can expect long-term benefits from the procedure, including reduced menstrual bleeding and pain, improved fertility rates, and increased energy levels due to fewer fibroid-related symptoms interfering with daily life. Exploring Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: Alternatives to UFE and Cost Uterine Fibroid Embolisation is not the only option available for treating uterine fibroids in Singapore. Other alternatives include medications such as GnRH agonists, which reduce hormone levels so that fibroids shrink over time (at the risk of bone loss and infertility), and myomectomy (the surgical removal of one or more tumours), which can provide fast relief of symptoms, but is a more invasive surgery than UFE. (Image source: https://www. melakafertility. com/my_book/chapter-36-overview-of-hysteroscopy/ and https://www. fairview. org/patient-education/82215) When it comes to the cost of uterine fibroid treatment in Singapore, UFE is generally less expensive than myomectomy because it does not require any incisions and can be performed as a day surgery procedure. The exact cost will depend on the planned operation, the number of fibroids, the location and size of each fibroid, and any concomitant medical issues. Do consult a specialist to decide on the most appropriate surgical option for your condition, and the estimated cost of the procedure once this has been decided. Revealing Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: Success Rate and Preparation The success rate of UFE at treating uterine fibroids varies from patient to patient and is determined by size and location of the fibroids, as well as the feeding vessels supplying each fibroid. Most studies show that up to 90% of women treated with this procedure experience reduced symptoms and an overall improvement in quality of life. It is important to note, however, that not all patients respond equally—some may see complete resolution of their symptoms while others might still deal with minor issues such as menstrual discomfort or heavy bleeding after treatment . Before undergoing UFE for uterine fibroids in Singapore, your doctor will ask you about any existing medical conditions (such as diabetes) or medications (including over-the-counter drugs) that could interfere with treatment. Additionally, if you’re a smoker, it is advised to stop smoking at least one month before UFE to reduce the chances of developing post-operative complications. Empowering Women with Uterine Fibroids in Singapore: Can Treatment help Increase Chances of a Successful Pregnancy? Uterine Fibroids can reduce the chances of a successful pregnancy in a number of ways: Narrowing Fertile Window - A common symptom of uterine fibroids is menorrhagia, which is heavy and longer bleeding during monthly periods. This shortens the fertile time for sex, making it harder for a woman to conceive. Distortion of the shape of the uterus - Subserosal fibroids (outside of the uterine cavity) could cause external compression of the fallopian tube or the ovary affecting the passage of sperm or egg along the reproductive tract. Increase risk of miscarriage/preterm delivery - Studies have shown that women with uterine fibroids are more likely to have a miscarriage, with the chance of miscarriage being 14% as compared to 7. 5% in women who do not have fibroids. Women with uterine fibroids are also more likely to deliver preterm (i. e. baby is born before 37 weeks of pregnancy) which can affect the health of the baby. Obstruction of delivery - Submucosal and intracavitary fibroids can narrow the cervical passage causing obstruction to the birth... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: varicose vein, varicose veins treatment singapore cost - Translation Priorities: Optional What are Varicose Veins? Varicose veins are a very common condition with up to half the adult population experiencing some degree of venous stigmata in their lifetime. Varicose veins are twisted superficial veins, usually found on the legs, and can be unsightly and uncomfortable but do not cause serious medical problems unless left untreated. The most prominent symptom of varicose veins is their appearance: bulging or swollen blue-green lines that protrude underneath the skin’s surface. Image source: (https://australianveinclinics. com. au/venous-disease-progression/) Other symptoms include heaviness or fatigue in the limbs, muscle cramps at night, itching around the affected area(s), swelling of leg and ankles especially after standing for long periods, and discoloration (darkening) of the skin. What Causes Varicose Veins? Veins are thin-walled vessels that function to return blood back to the heart. The veins in the legs need to transport blood against gravity to fulfill their function and they rely on two mechanisms to achieve this: The contraction of the surrounding muscles (especially the calf muscles) to squeeze the veins and push the blood back to the heart. One-way channels called valves which allow the blood in the veins to only flow in one direction (i. e. towards the heart). These valves will close and prevent back-flow of the blood in the veins. Image source: (https://austinheartvein-vascular. com/vein-disease-symptoms/) Varicose veins occur when the pressure of the blood within the vein increases (high venous pressures). This stretches the thin-walled veins causing them to swell and undergo inflammation which damages the one-way channels (valves) within the vein. As the valves get progressively damaged, they lose their function, thus allowing a back-flow of blood. This back-flow of blood contributes to increasing the venous pressure, thus perpetuating the vicious cycle of swelling, valve damage and high venous pressures. Factors that increase the risk of developing varicose veins include: 1. Genetics – a family history of varicose veins (i. e. parents/siblings having the same condition). 2. Gender – female hormones relax the thin-walled veins allowing them to stretch and become swollen. Hormone changes with menopause (or taking birth control pills) also has a similar effect. 3. Age – The vein elasticity and the valve function usually deteriorate over time resulting in increased risk of varicose veins most commonly after the age of 40. 4. Pregnancy – The overall blood volume is increased during pregnancy and coupled with the pressure of the fetus on the pelvic vessels, causes enlargement of the leg veins. 5. Obesity – Just as with pregnancy, excessive body weight causes increased circulatory blood volume and puts pressure on the pelvic vessels resulting in varicose vein formation. 6. Sedentary lifestyle/prolonged standing – The leg veins require the surrounding muscles to contract and squeeze the blood back to the heart. The paucity of leg muscle contraction in an occupation that involves prolonged standing or a sedentary lifestyle, results in pooling of blood in the veins resulting in varicose vein formation. What Are the Symptoms of Varicose Veins? In the early stages of the disease (stage 1 & 2), varicose veins mainly pose a cosmetic issue with unsightly bulging bluish-green cords seen protruding just beneath the skin surface. These are especially prominent in people with fair skin color. As the disease progresses, patients will start to experience “heaviness” or aching discomfort in the lower leg/ankles with occasional cramps in the calf muscles. In stage 3 of the disease, swelling and water retention in the legs occur. When the leg is swollen, it becomes more difficult for oxygen and nutrients to be transmitted from the blood vessels to the skin surface. Waste products and toxins from the cells near the skin surface are also not effectively removed. This results in poor skin quality. The skin is dry and itchy and is prone to recurrent skin infections. In stage 4 of the disease, the skin develops dark spots (pigmentation) which are unfortunately permanent, and the skin also thickens and hardens (lipodermatosclerosis). If still left untreated, the patient will eventually develop ulcers (open sores). Image source: (https://cardiologyinstitute. co. nz/gp-info/2022/2/12/chronic-venous-insufficiency) Other symptoms that can occur at any stage of the disease include: Bleeding – The bleeding from injury to varicose veins can be very massive due to the high venous pressures causing large amounts of blood loss in a short period of time. If there is bleeding from varicose veins, immediately lie down, raise the leg above the head and apply pressure to the bleeding point. Inflammation (thrombophlebitis) – Blood clots can occasionally occur in the superficial varicose veins due to the lack of circulation. The segment of clotted vein will undergo inflammation resulting in a warm, painful swelling felt along the length of the vein. Thrombophlebitis usually recovers with just anti-inflammatory medications. Image source: (https://www. centerforvaricoseveins. com/blog/should-i-see-a-vein-specialist-for-superficial-thrombophlebitis) Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) – Anyone with varicose veins is at increased risk of clots forming in the deep veins of the leg resulting in DVT. This can occur especially during periods of prolonged immobility, and can be life-threatening if the clots dislodge and travel to the lungs. It is highly advised that anyone with varicose veins wear compression stockings if they will be sitting for a prolonged period (such as during a long-haul flight). Image source: (https://www. capital-medical. com/products/dvt-pe-treatment/) How are Varicose Veins Diagnosed (Investigations for Varicose Veins)? A thorough work-up for varicose veins begins with a pertinent history and physical examination looking for any risk factors that may be present as well as any symptoms and complications of the disease. Please see above sections “What Causes Varicose Veins? ” and “What Are the Symptoms of Varicose Veins? ” for more details. An ultrasound evaluation is next performed where the doctor/radiographer will scan at various segments along the leg veins while applying pressure to the calves. The ultrasound can detect any malfunctioning valves in the segment of vein, indicating that this segment is diseased. This is sometimes termed a venous reflux scan, as the faulty valves will produce refluxing flow as detected by the ultrasound machine. Image source: (https://advancedheartandvein. com/do-i-need-a-leg-arterial-ultrasound/) Occasionally a CT scan (computer tomography) may be performed to evaluate the larger veins in the abdomen and pelvis if the doctor suspects some disease there. How are Varicose Veins Treated? Management of varicose veins are broadly classified into surgical and non-surgical measures. Non-surgical measures are useful in preventing the onset or delaying the progression of the disease, however to remove already diseased veins, surgery will be necessary. Non-surgical management of varicose veins include: 1. Weight reduction Many studies show increased risk of varicose veins (venous insufficiency) in patients with a BMI of >30kg/m2. Maintaining an ideal body weight (BMI of 25 kg/m2) would greatly reduce the risk of developing varicose veins. Image source: (https://www. freepik. com/free-photos-vectors/asian-gym/2) 2. Graduated compression stockings Graduated compression stockings are specialized stockings (knee/thigh length) with a gradient of pressure along its length (highest pressure exerted at the feet and gradually reducing upwards). There are 3 grades of compression, with the middle grade 2 compression (20-30mmHg) recommended for varicose veins. Image source: (https://healthyeye. co. za/tag/compression-stockings/) 3. Avoid prolonged sitting/standing Many people whose occupation involves prolonged standing/sitting (i. e. continuous immobility for >1h or total immobility of >4h in a day) are at higher risk of varicose veins. These patients should be advised to wear graduated compression stockings while at work and engage in calf pump exercises or take walking breaks at regular intervals. 4. Avoid smoking/tobacco use It is generally good advice to avoid smoking/tobacco. It will not only reduce the risk of varicose veins, but more importantly reduce the risk of stroke, heart attack and COPD. Surgery for varicose veins depends on the size and location of the vein. Frequently, a combination of surgical modalities will be utilized to achieve optimal results. Vein Stripping and Ligation: This is a largely outdated surgical technique that involves surgically removing the entire varicose vein via skin incisions made above and below the diseased vein. It has largely been replaced by minimally invasive surgical techniques and is only considered in very specialized cases such as in veins larger than 2cm in diameter. Endovenous thermal ablation: This is a minimally invasive procedure in which heat energy such as radio frequency (RFA) or laser (EVLT) is used to close off the faulty veins. The device is introduced via a small 5mm incision around the level of the knee, and it has the benefit of being relatively painless with minimal downtime. Its use in the veins below the knee should be avoided if possible, as this may result in injury to the nerves (saphenous and sural nerves) which are in close proximity to the vein. Image source: (https://www. veinhealth. com. au/radiofrequency-ablation/) Sclerotherapy: Sclerotherapy involves injecting a chemical solution (known as a sclerosant) into the faulty veins via a needle or catheter to cause their closure. It is not as effective for veins larger than 5mm in diameter and is predominantly used to treat the smaller more tortuous veins which cannot accommodate the endovenous thermal ablation device, as well as to treat the veins below the knee to reduce the risk of nerve injury. Image source: (https://bankersvascular. com/foam-sclerotherap/) Cyanoacrylate (Bioadhesive) Glue Treatment: This is a relatively new method for closing off varicose veins. Just as with endovenous thermal ablation, it is minimally invasive involving only a small 5mm incision in the skin. It has the added advantage of being able to treat the vein below the knee, without risk of nerve damage, and can treat veins with diameters up to 1cm. There is a risk of allergy/inflammatory reaction to the injected glue and patients need to take a course of anti-inflammatory medications for a couple of weeks after the surgery. Image source: (https://frpsclinics. org/venaseal-closure-system/) Cryo-laser ablation:This technique is effective for small 1-2mm reticular (spider) veins. Laser energy is directed at the prominent veins causing photothermolysis and eventual closure of the capillary channel. The veins may appear reddish brown during the initial recovery period and will slowly fade over the next few weeks, with full effect of the treatment seen 4-6 weeks later. More than one session may be required to achieve complete removal of all visible reticular veins. Cryo-laser ablation is frequently combined with sclerotherapy (CLaCS) for maximal results. Image source: (https://chic. com. mt/services/med-aesthetic-treatments/vein-treatment/) Micro-Phlebectomies (Stab-avulsions): Micro-phlebectomy involves making small 2-3mm incisions directly over the varicose veins and removing the veins via these incisions. It is usually performed in conjunction with endovenous thermal ablation techniques (RFA/EVLT) to remove any residual tortuous veins, especially those below the knee. Image source: (https://www. veinspecialistofatlanta. com/vein-treatments/varicose-veins/ambulatory-micro-phlebectomy/) What are the Risks (Complications) of Varicose Vein Surgery? The risks are closely tied to what surgery is performed. 1. Bleeding – Some degree of bleeding is to be expected from any form of surgery, however, the amount of blood loss from varicose vein surgery is usually minimal, and blood transfusion is almost never required. 2. Infection – Bacterial infection can occur with any cut in the skin, and the risk of infection increases with the size of the wound. Most wounds for varicose vein surgery are small and thus the risk of wound infection is considered quite minimal. 3. Nerve injury – There are 2 superficial cutaneous nerves (saphenous and sural nerves) that may be injured during varicose vein surgery. If injured, they result in numbness of the skin over the lower leg. In a good majority, the numbness can recover after a few months once the nerve has regenerated. The risk of such nerve injury is highest in open vein stripping surgery and heat ablation surgery performed below the knee. Image source: (http://www. vasculab. eu/jtavr/jtavr03/jtavr032/JTAVR000073-ArendtAL/JTAVR000073-ArendtAL. pdf) 4. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)/Pulmonary embolism (PE) – Varicose vein surgery involves ablation of the greater saphenous vein (GSV) and/or smaller saphenous vein (SSV). These veins are connected to the deep veins in the leg at various points along its length and there is a small risk that clots can travel from the GSV/SSV into the deep veins and travel up to the lungs to cause PE. The risks are generally --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: arterial vein disease Singapore, best treatment for peripheral artery disease Singapore, PAD blood flow, PAD causes, PAD complications, PAD exercise recommendations, PAD lifestyle changes, PAD management, PAD outpatient care, PAD pain relief, PAD patient education, PAD prevention tips, PAD risk factors Singapore, PAD specialist Singapore, PAD surgery Singapore, PAD symptoms, PAD therapy, pad treatment singapore, PAD vascular health, peripheral arterial disease singapore, peripheral arterry disease Singapore, peripheral artery blockage, peripheral artery disease, peripheral artery disease diagnosis, peripheral artery disease Singapore, peripheral artery disease treatment, Peripheral Vascular Disease - Translation Priorities: Optional Image source: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a condition in which the blood vessels supplying the arms and/or legs are narrowed leading to reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients to these areas. Symptoms of PAD can range from aching or cramps in the affected limb to wounds or gangrene, ultimately resulting in amputation of the affected arm or leg. There is an increasing frequency of PAD, especially in Singapore where diabetes mellitus (one of the leading causes of PAD) is becoming more and more prevalent, with about 1 in 10 adults having diabetes as of 2017. Up to a quarter of diabetics will develop foot wounds/ulcers in their lifetime, and with a 10-fold increased risk of having a lower limb major amputation as opposed to a non-diabetic. Singapore has the unfortunate accolade of having one of the highest rates of leg amputations amongst the developed countries, with approximately 3-4 amputations performed daily nationwide. What is Peripheral Artery Disease? Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowing or blocking of the arteries that supply blood to the limbs, most commonly the legs. This is due to atherosclerosis, a disease in which there is plaque buildup within the artery walls. This decreases the amount of blood that can reach the affected area, resulting in symptoms like leg pain, weakness, and numbness when exercising. Atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the wall of the artery) first starts when the walls of the arteries become damaged and inflamed (usually due to diseases such as hypertension and diabetes or due to ageing). This artery wall damage leads to a buildup of fat and inflammatory cells in the vessel wall, which triggers an inflammatory chain reaction. Plaque rupture eventually occurs, causing platelet adhesion and further progression of the atherosclerotic plaque. The artery's lumen is gradually narrowed over months to years thus decreasing blood flow within the blood vessel and causing symptoms of PAD. Image source: The Rutherford classification is one of the methods utilized by doctors to classify and document the severity of PAD. It is also useful to guide appropriate treatment of the disease. The Rutherford classification categorizes the symptoms of PAD from 0 to 6 with increasing severity as the category level increases. In general, category 0-2 cases can be managed with lifestyle modification and medications to reduce the risk factors of PAD. In category 3-6 cases, medications frequently are unable to achieve adequate symptom control, and surgery will be required to improve the blood supply to the affected limb. This is especially true for category 4-6 cases which are collectively termed critical limb ischemia, and in which there is a significant risk of amputations. Image source: It is important to emphasize that the earlier treatment is initiated for PAD, the better the outcomes. The risk of unsuccessful treatment increases as the category level increases. This is especially true for category 4-6 cases (critical limb ischemia), where even a delay of a couple of days in seeking medical treatment may result in extensive, irreversible gangrene and an unsalvageable leg. What are the Causes and Risk Factors of Peripheral Artery Disease? Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) can be caused by a variety of factors, including blood vessel inflammation (vasculitis), direct injury to the vessel from trauma, or radiation exposure; but by far the most common cause of PAD is atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the wall of the artery). Risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis include: Smoking/tobacco use – The chemicals in cigarette and other forms of tobacco smoke disrupts the normal lipid metabolism, thus promoting fatty deposits in the artery walls. The chemicals also have a direct effect on the blood vessel inner lining (endothelium), smooth muscle cells and the macrophages (specialized white blood cells), all of which act together to promote atherosclerosis. Image source: Diabetes mellitus – Diabetes promotes the development of atherosclerosis by disrupting platelet aggregation and causing endothelium and smooth muscles cell dysfunction. It predominantly affects the smaller blood vessels below the level of the knee (microvascular disease) and significantly increases the risk of an amputation. Image source: Hypertension (high blood pressure) – Poorly controlled blood pressure damages the arteries and increases the risk of atherosclerosis. A target blood pressure of less than 130/85mmHg is recommended to reduce the risk of PAD. High blood cholesterol – Elevated levels of the “bad” LDL-cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Guidelines recommend reducing LDL-cholesterol levels to 65 years old) as well as genetics (risk is higher in individuals with a family history of the disease). What are the Dangers (complications) of Peripheral Artery Disease? Image source: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) can lead to various complications ranging from mild muscle discomfort when walking (claudication) to severe gangrene, ulcers, and the need for limb amputation. The earlier treatment is initiated for PAD, the better the outcomes, and the higher the chance of avoiding an amputation of the toes, feet or even the entire leg. In severe late-stage PAD with extensive tissue gangrene, the superimposed bacterial infection and the toxins released from the dying tissue ultimately leads to mortality. How can I know if I have Peripheral Artery Disease (Signs/Symptoms/Diagnosis)? Some patients may not have any signs or symptoms in the early stages of PAD, however guidelines from the Ministry of Health (Singapore) still recommend screening for the presence of “silent” PAD especially in individuals with risk factors (detailed above in “What are the Causes and Risk Factors of Peripheral Artery Disease? ”). Even without any symptoms, the presence of PAD is usually an indication of global (whole body) atherosclerosis, which if not treated, can increase the risk of stroke, heart attack and cardiovascular death. Screening for PAD in individuals without any signs or symptoms involves: Checking the foot for any ulcers or callosity (areas of thickened skin) Checking for the presence and quality of the distal foot pulses (the dorsalis pedis and the posterior tibial pulses) Doing a monofilament test for sensation in the foot Doing a test for the amount of blood flow in the foot arteries (ankle brachial pressure index, ABPI and toe brachial index, TBI) Image source: If the presence of PAD is detected, treatment to mitigate the various risk factors should be initiated, even if the person has no symptoms. The aim is to prevent the progression of PAD, prevent limb amputations and reduce the risk of stroke and heart attacks. As the severity of PAD progresses, early signs and symptoms which may start to appear include: Claudication – This is an aching pain in the muscles of the legs (buttocks, thighs, calves) when walking/running. It is a sign that there is insufficient blood supply to these muscles resulting in reduced oxygen supply and impaired clearance of metabolic waste from the legs. Rest pain – Pain in the feet and toes when resting on the bed can be a sign of significant PAD affecting the blood flow to the foot. This pain is typically relieved by hanging the leg down by the side of the bed, as this position utilizes gravity to help pull the blood down the leg. Skin changes – People with significant PAD typically have poorer quality skin due to the reduced blood flow to the area. Some skin changes which may be observed include loss of hair, thinned out dry skin and dystrophic nails. Wounds and ulcers – PAD significantly reduces the blood flow to the leg thus affecting both the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, and the removal of metabolic waste products from the area. This results in poor quality skin, which is quick to injure and slow to heal, thus resulting in recurrent wounds and ulcers. These wounds can form even from minor injuries such as from a tight-fitting shoe or from a stubbed toe. Gangrene – Gangrene is irreversible death of tissue. This is observed in late-stage PAD when there is complete absence of blood flow to an area of the leg or foot resulting in the tissue completely dying and turning black (gangrene). Gangrenous tissue should be removed as it is highly prone to bacterial infection. Image source: The diagnosis of PAD first involves a scan to investigate the major arteries in the leg, looking for areas of reduced blood flow, narrowing and/or blockage. The methods used to scan the leg arteries include either doppler ultrasound, computer tomography (CT scan) or catheter angiography. A doppler ultrasound is typically the first-choice option as it does not involve any radiation and does not require the injection of a special dye (contrast) into the blood stream, which may damage the kidneys. Other tests that may be performed for people with PAD include tests looking at fitness for surgery (ECG, chest X-ray etc. ) and tests looking for signs of infection (blood white cell count, foot MRI scan etc. ) How can I prevent myself from getting Peripheral Artery Disease? There are modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that contribute to PAD development, and tackling the modifiable risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol can significantly reduce the risk of developing PAD (see “What are the Causes and Risk Factors of Peripheral Artery Disease? ” section above for more details). Optimal control of diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol can be achieved by adhering to a healthy balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables and low in salt, refined carbohydrates, and fats. It is critical to take all medications prescribed religiously and attend the regular doctor appointments to ensure the diseases are properly treated and to adjust the medications and diet if necessary. Image source: General advice of regular exercise, maintaining a healthy body weight (BMI between 18 to 25) and stopping any smoking/tobacco use can not only reduce the risk of PAD, but also improve overall health and reduce risks of many other diseases such as cancers, strokes, and heart attacks. How can I prevent an amputation if I have Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)? Once PAD has developed, it is crucial to adhere strictly to lifestyle and dietary advice, as well as take all necessary medications to prevent the progression of the disease. The lifestyle and medical advice given above (“How can I prevent myself from getting Peripheral Artery Disease? ”) also applies to people with established PAD. Additional factors to pay attention to, in order to prevent an amputation, include footwear and footcare modifications. People with longstanding diabetes typically have reduced sensation in the feet (due to nerve damage from the diabetes), and they may not be aware of minor cuts/bruises sustained from accidental injury or ill-fitting shoes. If these minor injuries are not cleaned and dressed properly, they may get infected and progress to large wounds/gangrene thus leading to amputations. People with PAD should avoid ill-fitting shoes which can cause callosities or abrasions to the feet, and they should inspect the feet on a daily basis for any wounds. In those with advanced PAD, it is advisable to have a regular review of their foot condition with a trained podiatrist. Image source: Besides the medications to control the risk factors (such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol) patients with PAD may also be prescribed a “blood-thinning” medication by their doctor. These are a group of medications which suppress the ability of the body to form clots, and they have been shown to significantly reduce the risk of progression of PAD, reduce risk of amputations, and reduce risk of stroke and heart attacks. These “blood-thinning” medications are not for everyone, as the benefits have to be weighed against the risks of the increased bleeding potential, and they should only be used under the guidance of a doctor. Once PAD has progressed to cause significant blockage of the major blood vessels in the leg, surgery may be necessary to restore blood flow to the foot and avoid an amputation. This is especially critical once the patient starts experiencing signs of critical limb ischemia, namely pain in the foot even when lying in bed or the development of... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: AAA blood vessel health, AAA causes, AAA complications, AAA diagnosis, AAA management, AAA minimally invasive treatment, AAA outpatient treatment, AAA patient care, AAA patient education, AAA prevention, AAA risk factors, AAA specialist Singapore, AAA treatment Singapore, AAA vascular health, abdominal aneurysm repair, abdominal aortic aneurysm monitoring, abdominal aortic aneurysm screening, abdominal aortic aneurysm singapore, abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery, abdominal aortic aneurysm symptoms, abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment singgapore, aortic aneurysm treatment singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional What is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)? The abdominal aorta is a large blood vessel found in the abdomen. It is the continuation of the main blood vessel (the thoracic aorta) which comes directly from the heart and travels just in front of the spine all the way down into the pelvis. Along its course, the abdominal aorta gives critical blood supply to all the organs in the abdomen, such as the liver, pancreas, kidney, spleen, and intestines. An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an enlargement/ballooning of this critical blood vessel when a segment of its wall is weakened/damaged. Just like a balloon, when the enlargement of the abdominal aorta reaches a critical size, it can burst resulting in massive blood loss and an almost 90% rate of mortality (death). (Source: https://www. vascularcures. org/abdominal-aortic-aneurysms) Causes and Risk Factors for developing an AAA A combination of inflammation and cell destruction leads to loss of fibers in the wall of the abdominal aorta, thus resulting in weakening of the wall and an AAA formation. Non-modifiable risk factors for developing an AAA include: Genetics (if there is a related family member with the disease such as a sibling or a parent) Gender (males are found to be at higher risk of developing an AAA) Age (the risk is increased with advanced age, with the peak incidence in those aged 65 years and older) There are also modifiable risk factors for developing an AAA, which if avoided, can significantly reduce the risk of developing the disease. Some of the modifiable risk factors include: Smoking/tobacco use (current smokers have a 5-fold increased risk for developing an AAA and past smokers a 2-fold increased risk as compared with non-smokers) High blood pressure (for every 10mmHg rise in blood pressure, studies have shown a corresponding 20% increased risk of developing an AAA) High cholesterol (increased levels of bad LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol levels were found to be associated with an increased risk of an AAA) (Source: Kuivaniemi H, Ryer EJ, Elmore JR, Tromp G. Understanding the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy. 2015 ;13(9):975-987. DOI: 10. 1586/14779072. 2015. 1074861. PMID: 26308600; PMCID: PMC4829576. ) How do I know if I have an AAA? Unfortunately, the majority of AAAs remain asymptomatic (i. e. no signs or indications) until they rupture, and the chances of survival at the point rupture is less than 10%. Thus, it is strongly advised to have screening tests to detect any underlying AAAs before the onset of any symptoms. This is especially true for individuals with any of the above risk factors. The Ministry of Health in Singapore recommends males above the age of 65 especially those who are current or past smokers to have an ultrasound screening test of the abdominal aorta to detect the presence of any AAA. Late symptoms of fast-growing AAAs or those with impending rupture include severe abdominal pain or lower back pain, or sudden onset giddiness/fainting. Immediate urgent medical attention should be sought for such symptoms should they occur. How is an AAA diagnosed? As most AAAs remain asymptomatic (i. e. no signs or indications) in the early stages, they are frequently detected incidentally (accidentally) by a scan of the abdomen done for other purposes. Unfortunately, a good majority of AAA cases are not detected early enough before they rupture, and only discovered post-mortem after the person has passed away. It is thus imperative that individuals (especially those with risk factors detailed above) undergo screening tests to check for the presence of an AAA. Screening for an AAA is simple and non-invasive. It involves a duplex ultrasound scan of the abdominal aorta after a period of overnight fasting. If the ultrasound scan is suggestive of an AAA, a more detailed CT scan will be ordered to further define the anatomy and to plan for any treatment necessary. (Source: https://thoracickey. com/abdominal-aorta/ ) The treatment of AAAs largely depends on the size of the AAA and whether there are any symptoms. Only AAAs smaller than 5cm in diameter and without any symptoms can be managed without surgery as the risk of rupture for these situations has been shown to be very minimal. AAA diameter (cm)Yearly rupture risk (%)3. 0-3. 904. 0-4. 915. 0-5. 91-106. 0-6. 910-22>7. 030-50 Non-surgical management of AAAs involves avoiding all the possible risk factors such as smoking avoidance/cessation, controlling high blood pressure, and taking any necessary medications for high cholesterol. For patients with a AAA diameter of >5. 0cm or with symptoms suggestive of impending rupture, such as severe abdominal/back pain, surgical repair should be considered to avoid the potentially fatal consequences. What are the surgical options for AAA in Singapore? Surgical repair of an AAA can be broadly classified into either open surgery or endovascular (minimally invasive) surgery. Open surgery for AAAs has been available since the 1950s and has seen some minor refinements to the technique since that time. In contrast, endovascular surgery (EVAR) for AAAs was first developed in the 1980s but has seen significant changes to the technique and the technology of the devices used over the years and has slowly been able to achieve similar outcomes to open surgery for a good number of cases. Despite its promise of small scars and lesser bleeding, endovascular surgery has not been able to completely replace open surgical repair as the gold standard operation for AAAs. There remains a good number of situations where open AAA surgery still produces superior results as compared with endovascular repair, and the decision between which technique is more suitable for the individual patient depends on several factors: Overall fitness of the patient (namely the fitness of the heart and lung functions) The anatomy (morphology) of the AAA and how close it is to the important branches of the abdominal organs Patient preference My surgeon has advised that I undergo open AAA surgery. What can I expect? Open repair of an AAA if done properly, produces excellent long-term results without the risk of recurrence, and without the possible need for revision surgeries in the future. It is however considered a major operation and is not suitable for frail patients with multiple chronic diseases (e. g. heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The surgery is performed under general anesthesia, where an incision will be made over the abdomen to access the abdominal cavity. The small intestines are swept to one side and the covering over the back of the abdominal cavity is opened to expose the AAA which lies just anterior to the spine. A clamp will have to be applied to temporarily stop blood flow in the segment of aorta to be repaired, and this clamp can put a strain on the heart leading to a heart attack in patients with significant underlying heart problems. The diseased segment of aorta is opened longitudinally (along its long axis) and a synthetic graft (made from polyester) is sewn in place to allow blood to flow from the normal segment of aorta above, to the normal segment of artery below and thus bypassing the weakened AAA segment. The small intestines are then replaced, and the abdominal incision repaired. Altogether an open AAA surgery can take anywhere from 4-8h depending on the complexity. Post-operatively, the patient will need to spend a couple of days in the intensive care unit (ICU) to monitor for any complications such as heart failure or kidney failure, before moving to the general ward. Most patients can expect to discharge from hospital about 1-2 weeks after the operation and continue light activities for a further couple of weeks before returning to their usual lifestyle. (Source: https://vascular-1su. jp/en/clinical/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/) How is endovascular repair of an AAA (EVAR) performed? Endovascular surgery for an AAA (also known as endovascular abdominal aortic repair, EVAR) can be performed under local anesthetic and sedation, as the surgery typically only involves two small 1cm punctures in both groins to perform. This makes it more suitable for patients who are frail and who may not be very fit for general anesthesia. A device known as an aortic stent is introduced via the groin punctures and advanced upwards to the area of the AAA. Accurate positioning of the aortic stent is then confirmed using X-rays as well as special dyes injected into the blood stream. The stent is deployed to exclude the diseased AAA segment from the main circulation pathway and prevent further flow of blood into the AAA. Overtime the AAA is expected to stabilize and not expand further thus removing the risk of a fatal rupture. An EVAR operation typically takes around 1-2h to perform, and the patient would then be expected to recover overnight in a high dependency unit before being transferring to the general ward. Most patients can discharge 1-2 days after an EVAR operation with light activities advised for a minimum of 2 weeks before returning to their usual lifestyle. Despite its many advantages of being a minimally invasive (“keyhole”) operation with lower operative risk and quicker recovery time, EVAR is prone to stent device malfunction leading to what is known as endoleaks. Endoleaks occur when, despite the placement of the endovascular stent across the AAA, blood continues to leak into the AAA causing it to further expand and eventually rupture. Endoleaks do not occur in every case, and some endoleaks (like the type II endoleak) can on many occasions seal itself off over time. International guidelines stress the importance of regular surveillance scans after an EVAR operation to monitor for the occurrence of any endoleaks, and for early revision surgery to repair them if present, so as to avoid a fatal AAA rupture. (Source: https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Endovascular_aneurysm_repair) Preparing for AAA surgery Adequate preparation before AAA surgery is vital to minimize risks and ensure good outcomes. Pre-operative evaluation typically involves a detailed medical history and physical examination to detect any underlying diseases which may increase the risk of the operation. Baseline blood tests, a chest X-ray and an ECG are performed, as well as an evaluation of the fitness of the heart function. This typically involves at least an ultrasound scan of the heart. The patient will also need to be assessed by an anesthetist and any other specialist deemed necessary (such as a cardiologist or respiratory physician) prior to the surgery. Risks and complications of AAA surgery The risks and potential complications of AAA surgery largely depends on whether it is an open surgical repair or an endovascular surgical repair (EVAR) of an AAA. Open surgery generally carries a greater risk of stroke, heart and lung complications from the general anesthesia, as opposed to endovascular surgery which can be performed under local anesthetic. Risks common to both include: Blood loss Infection (both implant and wound infection) Clotting (thrombosis) of the blood vessels supplying the legs and the abdominal organs (kidneys, small intestine etc. ) Kidney injury Repair of an AAA is considered a major surgery and meticulous pre-operative planning, intra-operative technique and post-operative care is essential to minimize all the potential risks of the surgery and to ensure good outcomes. Prognosis After Treatment of AAA An AAA is not a cancer, but there are still risks of recurrence of the condition, thus it is highly recommended to adhere to the surgeon’s post-operative surveillance recommendations. Certain situations which may increase the risk of recurrence include: Endovascular repair (EVAR) instead of open repair By nature of the operation, EVAR is prone to device malfunction leading to what is known as endoleaks. Endoleaks occur when, despite the placement of the endovascular stent across the AAA, blood continues to leak into the AAA causing it to further expand and eventually rupture. Patients who have undergone an EVAR operation require lifelong surveillance to detect and treat any endoleaks should they occur. 2. An AAA involving the arterial branches to the abdominal organs It is technically more difficult to repair an AAA which involves the branches to the abdominal organs such as the kidneys, liver and small intestines, as these branches need to be... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: leg spider veins, Spider vein treatment, spider veins causes, spider veins clinic Singapore, spider veins consultation Singapore, spider veins diagnosis, spider veins health, spider veins home remedies, spider veins laser treatment, spider veins medical advice, spider veins on face, spider veins prevention, spider veins removal, spider veins risk factors, spider veins Singapore, spider veins specialist, spider veins symptoms, Spider Veins Treatment Singapore, spider veins veins care, vascular spider veins Singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore, Veins centre singapore, what are spider veins - Translation Priorities: Optional Symptoms, causes, and prevention of spider veins. Why you might need spider veins treatment, Singapore. WHAT ARE SPIDER VEINS? Spider veins are a milder and less severe form of varicose veins, and they tend to appear on the feet as well as on the face. They occur when the valves in the veins weaken and the blood backflows, pooling in the veins, stretching them and causing these veins to be visible from the surface of the skin. As the name suggests, spider veins form a web-like network and are either red or blue in color. As compared to varicose veins, spider veins are much smaller and thinner, they do not bulge out of the skin as much and are found closer to the surface of the skin. Spider veins alone are not a cause for concern, but they could hint at an underlying vascular condition or poor circulation, which could potentially have more serious consequences. If you notice any other symptoms or areas of discomfort that affect your quality of life, do seek professional medical help at a veins centre, Singapore. SYMPTOMS Most of the time, you will not experience any discomfort or pain from spider veins, and receiving treatment for them at a vein clinic, Singapore, is usually for cosmetic purposes. However, there are exceptions to this, and if you notice any of the following symptoms, do consider seeing a specialist for further evaluation as you may have more severe underlying complications: ● Pain around the enlarged veins ● Throbbing in the area of the veins ● Feeling of heaviness in the legs ● Tingling sensation around the veins ● Discoloration of the skin of the leg ● Itchiness in the area of the veins ● Visible network of veins very close to the surface of the skin. If you realize that you identify with any of the symptoms above, you may want to consider receiving spider veins treatment, Singapore. A veins centre Singapore or a vein clinic Singapore will be able to advise you on the most suitable course of action to treat your condition. CAUSES ● Standing for long periods of time: When you are standing up, gravity works against your circulatory system, and it becomes harder to pump the blood from your legs back up to your heart. While this is manageable for your body for a short period of time, prolonging the time you spend in one position makes it difficult for your blood to flow properly. Blood will therefore tend to accumulate in the lower part of your body, and this could slowly weaken or damage the veins there, leading to spider veins or varicose veins on a larger scale. ● Heredity/Family history: With certain genotypes (genetic makeup of a person), a person could be more prone to vascular conditions, and the veins, as well as their valves, may already be weaker than usual upon birth. If your family members have had a history of spider veins and varicose veins, you may be at high risk for these conditions as well. So if your family member has visited a vein clinic Singapore, it may be worth putting in greater effort to prevent spider veins. ● Trauma/injury: In some cases, when you have experienced an injury in your leg, the valves of the veins very close to the surface may be damaged by the impact. Damaging the valves of the veins has the same effect as the gradual weakening of the valves, where blood no longer flows in one direction smoothly and begins to pool in the veins. Hence, it is possible for a leg injury to lead to spider veins or varicose veins. ● Fluctuations in hormone level: This is more applicable for women, as the female hormones oestrogen and progesterone cause the dilation of blood vessels. When the levels of these two hormones increase, the veins dilate, stretching the valves outward and allowing the backflow of blood away from the heart. This can cause spider veins to form. RISK FACTORS ● Obesity: Excess fats press on and place pressure on your blood vessels. This increases the blood pressure in your veins and it may exceed what your veins are able to withstand. Over time, the valves are not able to ensure the one-way flow of blood through the veins, and spider veins begin forming. ● Pregnancy: During pregnancy, the levels of oestrogen and progesterone increase sharply, and as mentioned above, they stimulate the dilation of the blood vessels that allows blood to accumulate. Additionally, the amount of blood in your vascular system increases as well, to support the development of the baby, and the greater amount of blood places further strain on the veins. The baby itself could place weight and pressure on the blood vessels in the leg, which then increases the risk of spider veins. ● Menopause: At the time of menopause, there are also sudden fluctuations in oestrogen and progesterone levels. Therefore, menopause can make the formation of spider veins more likely the same way that pregnancy causes this. ● Being above 50 in age: A common observation is that spider veins seem to be a natural part of ageing. This is because the walls of your veins become less elastic over time and the valves of the veins become naturally weaker, increasing the risk of both spider veins and varicose veins. However, spider veins can affect you even when you are young. If you fall under the category of some of these risk factors, you may want to be more conscientious of your daily activities and do your best to avoid developing spider veins or varicose veins. Although it is not possible to completely prevent this condition, there are ways you can minimize your risk. Find out more in this article. However, if you do have spider veins and are looking for spider veins treatment, Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is here for you. We are a veins centre Singapore, and our in-house specialists are extremely experienced in treating spider and varicose veins. We are located in Novena Specialist Centre, at 8 Sinaran Dr, #06-08 Specialist Centre, Singapore 307470. Feel free to book an appointment and drop by for a consultation! Contact details can be found below: 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: chronic wounds and gangrene, diabetic gangrene prevention, Early signs of gangrene, foot care gangrene prevention, gangrene awareness Singapore, gangrene causes, gangrene health advice, gangrene prevention tips, gangrene risk factors, gangrene specialist singapore, gangrene symptoms, Gangrene treatment Singapore, how to avoid gangrene, How To Prevent Gangrene, infection prevention gangrene, lifestyle to prevent gangrene, managing gangrene risk, prevent gangrene Singapore, prevent tissue death Singapore, vascular health gangrene, wound care to prevent gangrene - Translation Priorities: Optional Gangrene is the death of body tissue caused by poor circulation or severe bacterial infection leading to lack of oxygen of the tissue cells. As the primary cause of gangrene is atherosclerosis, it is very important that you manage your diet to lower your chances of developing atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque deposits (made up of cholesterol, fats, calcium etc) in the walls of the blood vessels, resulting in the narrowing of the blood vessels and reducing the blood flow towards the affected part of the body. You may be at higher risk of developing atherosclerosis if you consume foods high in fat, as these foods commonly contain high levels of cholesterol. Therefore, one should consume a healthy diet, with low content of fat, to ensure that existing atherosclerosis will not worsen and thus decrease the chances of developing gangrene. You should avoid foods that are high in saturated fat content as they increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis. Below is a list of foods high in saturated fat content: ● Butter ● Ice cream ● Cakes ● Biscuits ● Sausages, bacon and fatty cuts of meat ● Food containing coconut or palm oil ● Hard cheese ● Lard ● Cured meats (such as salami, chorizo and pancetta) ● Fried food However, this list is not exhaustive, and there are still lots of food that have a high fat content. As such, if possible, you should always check the nutrition label on products that you purchase, and pick foods with lower saturated fat content. Here are a list of tips you should consider as you go about your grocery shopping, in order to avoid foods with high fat content which can result in atherosclerosis: ● Choose grilled, baked or steamed food over fried or roasted food ● Choose leaner cuts of meat ● Control the amount of oil you use during cooking ● Choose low fat or reduced fat dairy products ● Add more vegetables and fruits into your diet In addition, as gangrene is a medical condition which affects the skin tissue, it is also very important to protect your skin health. Additionally, it is also very important to protect your feet health, to prevent the development of chronic ulcers. Protecting your feet health is especially important for diabetic patients and patients who suffer from health conditions related to atherosclerosis, as these health conditions increase the risk of developing gangrene. Below is a list of important points you should take note of to know how to prevent gangrene: ● If you have diabetes, you should have your feet checked at least once a year. However, if you have other health conditions on top of diabetes, such as a history of foot ulcers or numbness in the hands and feet, you should have them checked more than once a year. ● Check your feet daily for numbness, cuts, breaks in the skin, swelling or discolouration, and consult your GP immediately. ● Wear shoes that fit properly and ensure that they are not too tight or rub against your skin. Wearing socks with your shoes will also help to reduce trauma to the skin. ● Maintain a healthy weight. An increased weight puts you at risk of not only diabetes, but also stimulates to production of chemicals which damage the blood vessels in your body. This results in increased risk of atherosclerosis. ● Do not smoke. Often, smoking is associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases, as the components of smoke can often result in atherosclerosis. This causes the narrowing of your blood vessels due to the buildup of plaque deposits in the walls of the blood vessels, which can result in stroke and/or heart attack. This also puts you at risk of developing gangrene. ● If you have wounds, prevent infections by washing open wounds with mild soap and clean water, and try to keep the wounds dry and clean until they heal. ● Reduce your intake of alcohol. Excessive consumption of alcohol can cause your blood pressure to rise, and raises the amount of cholesterol in the blood. This puts you at higher risk of developing atherosclerosis. In addition, you should consider regular exercise, in order to ensure not only a healthy weight, but good circulation in your body. Exercise promotes good circulation in the body and by exercising regularly, this decreases your chances of developing gangrene. Below are a few simple exercises that you can do daily to promote good circulation: ● Walking. Walking is the simplest form of aerobic exercise that you can do daily. In addition, this form of exercise does not require any equipment, and you could do it anywhere. Be it a simple 15 minute walk around the park, doing this exercise daily will promote good circulation in your body. ● Jogging. If you are up for something more intense, you should consider jogging! Much like walking, you could take a 10 to 15 minute jog each day and it would be able to easily boost the circulation in your body. In addition, jogging will also be able to train your stamina and cardio endurance. ● Swimming. If you are looking for a low-impact sport, you should consider swimming, especially if you are pregnant. It is very important to maintain good circulation even through pregnancy, as it can lead to long-term medical problems such as deep vein thrombosis and insufficiency. In addition, through swimming, you can also build muscle strength, and burn calories. ● Yoga. Primarily, yoga focuses on relaxing and deep breathing which can boost the circulation in your body. In addition, stretching and increasing flexibility through yoga allows for oxygenated blood to reach your organs and muscles, promoting good circulation. Through yoga exercises, you can promote good circulation. Overview of Preventive Strategies Prevention of Gangrene through Adopting a Healthy Lifestyle: Lifestyle prevention of the onset of gangrene is now a more common approach that people are inclined toward, once they know that their lifestyles make them more vulnerable to severe diseases. Things are worse than ever, but the grave danger of gangrene is quite effective for us all to adopt some healthy lifestyle modifications. Prevention: It is better to be cautious than to repent, and in the case of gangrene, the clause is even more valid. Decreased blood supply is a sure root of gangrene, but that's not all, because unhealthy dietary intakes directly precipitate obesity and diabetes, which add to our susceptibility to getting struck by gangrene. By scrutinizing all these factors, there are many schemes put forth to advance the prevention of gangrene. Because all is interrelated, we should all adopt integrative methods that suggest adopting complete lifestyle modifications, which comprise a balanced diet, timely examination of blood glucose levels, moderate and calculated exercises, and emotional and mental peace. By incorporating these steps, one can effectively prevent and avert getting struck by gangrene. Changing the Lifestyle: There are many youngsters out here who take this concept of gangrene being a risk factor because of faulty lifestyle intakes far less seriously than it actually is. However, they are unaware of the fact that faulty lifestyles and diets are the most important causes of the downfall of the immune system, and one important component of that is a drop in macrovascular and microvascular strength. Our blood is responsible for bringing nutrition to all cells of the body. It also takes care of removing toxins from each of these cells. A poor dietary intake increases the chances of contracting killer diseases like arteriosclerosis and stroke. These, in turn, destroy the vascular system. In the same strain, if one happens to smoke or drink, the risk further increases because tobacco and alcohol are the elements that destroy the tiny arterioles that carry blood to the cells of our body. This happens because of the narrowing of arterioles, a decrease in oxygen content, and a spurt of carbon dioxide, and the result is seen in the form of gangrene. Dietary Tips and Exercise Diet and physical activity are critical to the goal of maintaining a body that is resistant to the development of gangrene. Medical professionals have detailed many changes that can be made to dramatically slow down or stop the development of gangrene. By incorporating these changes into your lifestyle, you can reduce your risk and possibly even overturn the worst of the damage. Drinking plenty of water is essential to keeping your body healthy. This can help flush out toxins that interfere with healing and help to keep your skin and the rest of your body hydrated. Nails and hair might grow faster on a diet with plenty of water, but it's more important to keep your body healthy. There is no magic diet to help with gangrene, but it's generally agreed that a good anti-gangrene diet is one that can help to improve circulation. Choose foods that are rich in the important vitamins and minerals needed to create a strong immune system and reduce inflammation. Some of the most important vitamins and minerals in preventing gangrene are vitamins A, C, and E, omega-3 fatty acids, selenium, and zinc. Foods that are rich in any of these will make a good foundation for a diet that encourages recovery from and prevents gangrene. Weight can often be the source of many health problems, so it is important to maintain a healthy weight. An overweight or obese person has a higher chance of developing a dangerous blood clot, which can come loose and cause gangrene. Aerobic exercise is an excellent way to improve your overall health and lose weight. At least 30 minutes, 5 days a week will be enough to see some health benefits, and the more of it you can handle, the better they will be. However, strength-training exercise is also important. By keeping the muscles in your body strong, you can improve the health of your circulation and fight off the complications of diabetes. Many diabetic patients have seen remarkable improvements to their condition by taking up regular exercise. There are also many other benefits, like improving your mood. Smoking cigarettes or using tobacco in any form is a leading cause of diabetes and, as a result, gangrene. Empty calories and alcoholic drinks should be consumed in moderation. Be sure to enjoy your drinks with a meal, and drink plenty of water in between servings. High nicotine levels are not recommended. Drinking nicotine may reduce circulation to the extremities. Hobbies or habits that involve keeping hands wet or dirty can also increase the chance of a skin injury that might ultimately result in gangrene. Handwashing often is also recommended. It is also important to avoid substances with possible hazardous concentrations of nitrites and arsenic. Managing Blood Sugar Levels: For Diabetics Diabetics should pay particular attention to managing their blood sugar levels to prevent complications like gangrene from developing. Those with sustained high blood sugar levels over a period of time have an increased susceptibility to infections and tissue damage and are therefore more at risk of becoming gangrenous. Effective blood sugar management includes controlling the type and amount of foods eaten during mealtimes to help manage insulin production in the pancreas. Generally, following a healthy lifestyle involving a well-balanced diet and participating in regular physical activity is believed to be more impactful in controlling blood sugar levels than medication alone. This can include eating three meals per day at the same time each day, opting for high-fiber, high-nutrient foods and few or no sugary foods, and drinking water often throughout the day. Regular blood testing may also be advised to check glucose levels before meals and before sleeping. However, this will depend on the doctor’s recommendation and the state of the individual’s diabetic condition. It is important for diabetics to manage their conditions and blood sugar levels consistently over time and avoid skipping medications when possible, as this can cause the condition to worsen. As a result, diabetics may be at an elevated risk of developing circulatory issues, which can, in turn,... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: chronic leg ulcer CLACS, CLACS benefits, CLACS clinical use, CLACS effectiveness, CLACS for varicose veins, CLACS laser treatment, CLACS minimally invasive, CLACS outpatient treatment, CLACS patient guide, CLACS procedure, CLACS recovery, CLACS safety, Clacs Singapore, CLACS specialist Singapore, CLACS technology, CLACS therapy Singapore, CLACS treatment Singapore, CLACS vein closure, CLACS vein health, CLACS vein treatment, Spider Veins, Varicose veins, what is CLACS - Translation Priorities: Optional WHAT IS CLaCs USED FOR? You may have, heard of, or seen your relatives and friends having dark purple or blue bulging, twisted veins on their arms and legs - these are varicose veins. Usually, they happen to someone who sits down or stands up without moving for a long period of time, and to older and pregnant people. Varicose veins are caused by blood pooling in the legs due to poor venous circulation, which is a result of valves in the veins becoming weakened and unable to function properly. Someone with varicose veins will experience a burning or aching pain and heaviness in their legs. They may also feel itchiness around the affected veins. A milder version of varicose veins, spider veins, are redder, thinner and usually cause less pain and discomfort than varicose veins do. Many people who have varicose veins wish to opt for treatment as it is a cause for cosmetic concern for them. There are a number of surgical treatment options available, and one such treatment is CLaCS (Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy), a minimally invasive procedure which causes little scarring. It was invented by Prof Kasuo Miyake, a vascular surgeon, in 2002. One advantage it has over most traditional surgical procedures is that the patient is able to resume their daily life only a few hours after it is finished, and are not required to stay overnight for observation. It combines the effects of both laser therapy and sclerotherapy to achieve the best results, all while the skin is cooled with a special device to make it almost painless. CLaCS treatment being performed. Taken from OneHealth. CLaCS treatment is mainly aesthetic, suited for those who wish to treat thinner and smaller varicose veins. It is famous for its capability to allow surgeons to locate shallower veins, which are not as visible through the usual imaging modalities such as ultrasound. For people who seek treatment for varicose veins because it causes them pain, their condition would usually be more severe and a phlebectomy or radiofrequency ablation would be more effective than CLaCS. HOW DOES CLaCs WORK? The aim of CLaCS treatment is to burn off the faulty and damaged veins and promote flow of blood through the healthy veins. After the veins are closed off and shrunk, blood will flow through other healthy, working veins and not pool in the faulty veins anymore. Standard CLaCS treatment comprises 4 segments: Skin Cooling -20℃ air is blown on the skin throughout the procedure to cool it (hence the ‘cryo’ included in the name, which means to freeze. ) This reduces any pain or discomfort from the laser and sclerotherapy and protects the skin. If a patient’s skin is deemed to be particularly sensitive, a numbing cream can be applied an hour before the procedure as well. Augmented Reality An augmented reality device uses infrared light to make the skin brighter, then the camera attached to it will capture an image of what the veins look like under the skin. This infra-ray scan will then be projected onto the skin itself so that the locations of veins which are too shallow and thin to be detected by ultrasound can be clearly seen. Laser Treatment A transdermal laser is used to burn off the targeted veins so blood can no longer collect in them and cause further swelling. The light and heat energy is aimed at the vein to damage the inner vessel walls. The wavelength of the laser’s energy ensures that the skin is minimally affected, as it is absorbed more by the blood vessels. Sclerotherapy (Injection) A mild sclerosant (medicine) will be injected into the burnt vessels to shrink them further, ensuring that spider veins will not resurface at that area. Because of its lower potency, the danger of it causing anaphylaxis or other adverse reactions is very low. After undergoing the CLaCS procedure in Singapore, you should be able to resume daily activities within 4-6 hours. It will most likely take around 1-2 months for the dark veins to disappear completely, and do not be alarmed if you find that they become darker the first week after the procedure, because this is a normal occurrence. It should be noted that although there is a very little chance of spider or varicose veins resurfacing at the treated area, they may however appear on other parts of the body after the procedure. Benefits of CLaCS Treatment CLaCS (Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy) offers numerous advantages for individuals seeking treatment for varicose veins: Minimally Invasive: The procedure is designed to be less invasive than traditional surgical options, resulting in minimal scarring. Quick Recovery: Patients can typically resume normal activities within 4-6 hours post-treatment, making it ideal for those with busy lifestyles. Precision Targeting: The use of augmented reality technology allows for precise targeting of veins that are often missed by conventional imaging methods. Reduced Pain and Discomfort: The cooling mechanism during the procedure significantly reduces pain, making it a more comfortable option for patients. WHERE SHOULD I GO TO RECEIVE CLaCs TREATMENT? CLaCS is a fairly new treatment method for varicose veins, and as of now, within Asia, is only available in a few countries. Our vascular interventional centre is currently the only clinic in Singapore to offer the option of CLaCS treatment. Feel free to book an appointment with our specialists, Dr Benjamin Chua and Dr Chen Min Qi today if you would like to opt for CLaCS Singapore to treat your varicose veins. Contact us with the details below: +65 6694 6270 (Call)+65 9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-198 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: chronic venous disease, healthy veins tips, importance of veins, types of veins, vascular system Singapore, vein anatomy, vein awareness Singapore, Vein care Singapore, vein diseases Singapore, vein disorders, vein function, vein health advice, Vein health Singapore, vein problems, Vein specialist Singapore, vein treatment options, Veins, veins and blood flow, veins and circulation, Venous insufficiency Singapore, what are veins - Translation Priorities: Optional What Are Veins? When you stick your arm out, you may see blue or green lines under the skin running along it. These are veins, a type of blood vessel in the body. Veins hold around 75% of all the blood in the body at any point in time. If you know about arteries, blood vessels which transport oxygen-rich blood to the heart and other major organs, veins can be thought of as their opposite. The primary function of most veins in the body is to transport deoxygenated (oxygen-poor and containing waste material) blood to the kidneys, to undergo filtration so the waste materials can be excreted, or to the lungs, so that carbon dioxide can be expelled from the blood into exhaled air. Veins are grouped in two circuits according to which part of the body they transport the blood to:● Pulmonary○ Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. In the diagram of the heart below, the pulmonary vein (indicated in purple) transports blood back to the heart once it has been oxygenated again. ○ There are only 4 pulmonary veins in the entire vascular system. ● Systemic○ Systemic veins carry deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body to the heart. ○ All veins beside the 4 pulmonary ones are systemic. Types of Veins There are three types of veins, classified according to their depth below the skin:● Superficial○ Superficial veins are located closest to the skin, under the subcutaneous layer of fat. Blood moves slower in these veins as they have no surrounding muscle to compress it. ● Deep○ Deep veins are found along muscles or bones, located further below the skin. If deep veins get blocked, it can cause serious complications (see below). ● Connecting○ Connecting veins allow blood to flow from superficial veins to deep ones, and are not supposed to flow in the opposite direction (i. e. deep to superficial). Major Veins You Should Know Superior and Inferior Vena Cava: A diagram of the heart and its connected vessels. Taken from Stepwards The vena cava are the largest veins in the body, and are connected directly to the heart. The superior vena cava transports blood from the upper body (head, neck etc) and the inferior vena cava transports blood from the parts of the body below the heart (legs, trunk etc) to the right atrium (chamber) of the heart. Jugular Veins There is a group of large veins in the head and neck - jugular veins. Their main function is to transport deoxygenated blood from the head and neck to the heart. The internal jugular veins, located on both the right and left sides of the neck, are the largest veins in the neck, and thus serves as the main channel to transport deoxygenated blood to the heart from the head. A cut or tear in the jugular vein could be fatal as a large amount of blood can be lost in a very short time. Hepatic Portal Vein: The hepatic portal vein carries blood rich in absorbed nutrients from the stomach, intestines, pancreas and spleen to the liver to be detoxified and processed. If it becomes blocked, pressure on the portal vein will increase, causing large veins called varices to appear around the stomach and oesophagus (gullet). This is called portal hypertension. The chief cause of blockage would be cirrhosis (liver scarring) which can happen due to a variety of conditions, including hepatitis or heavy alcoholism. The varices can bleed easily, and someone with portal hypertension may have gastrointestinal bleeding (black stools or vomiting of blood), and an accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. Parts of Veins Valves A diagram comparing the state of valves in healthy and varicose veins. Taken from Desert Vein and Vascular Institute. Certain veins will have valves, tiny flaps of tissue attached to their inner walls. They passively open to allow blood to flow to the heart and close to prevent backflow of the deoxygenated blood. If the valves are weakened or damaged, deoxygenated blood will be able to flow back towards the organs they were transported from. This happens most often in the legs, assisted by gravity pulling the blood downwards. Hence blood starts pooling or collecting in the legs and feet, known as chronic venous insufficiency. Chronic venous insufficiency will cause swelling and itchiness in your legs or ankles, and in severe cases, discomfort while walking. It can cause a number of problems such as varicose veins - thick, bulging and twisted darker veins. Varicose veins can cause aching and swelling in the legs; if treatment is not received, the pain will gradually become more severe and take longer to go away even with rest. Varicose veins may also be a cause for cosmetic concern. Another potential health issue is deep vein thrombosis, where blood clots become stuck in the deep veins, and thus running the risk of bits of the blood clot breaking off and becoming stuck in other important blood vessels (called an embolism). It is especially dangerous if the clot becomes stuck in a blood vessel leading to the lungs (called a pulmonary embolism). The risk of getting DVT increases with age and with some medical conditions which cause increased clotting risk. Being inactive for a prolonged period of time (sitting or standing) also makes it easier to get DVT as the blood circulation is poor, allowing clots to form more easily. What should I do if I have vein problems? If you are currently experiencing any of the vein health issues listed above, our vascular specialists are here to help you. Feel free to book an appointment with us today! 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Best Leg Ulcer Treatment in Singapore, chronic leg ulcer treatment Singapore, chronic leg wound Singapore, chronic wound clinic Singapore, chronic wound treatment, diabetic leg ulcers, leg ulcer care Singapore, leg ulcer causes, leg ulcer complications, leg ulcer diagnosis, leg ulcer healing tips, leg ulcer management, leg ulcer pain management, leg ulcer prevention Singapore, leg ulcer specialist Singapore, leg ulcer symptoms, leg ulcer therapy Singapore, leg ulcer treatment options, venous insufficiency ulcers, venous leg ulcers Singapore, wound care specialist - Translation Priorities: Optional Home remedies and medical treatment options Chronic leg ulcers are open wounds or sores that do not heal even after a long period of time. They are often associated with poor blood circulation which then deprives the tissues in certain areas of oxygen and nutrients, thus leading to the deterioration of these tissues to form leg ulcers. This can be caused by a variety of conditions such as varicose veins, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol. This list is not exhaustive but if you fall under these categories you may be at risk of leg ulcers. A clear warning sign would be when you notice that your wound has not been able to heal and has even become infected. Do also look out for symptoms like heaviness in the leg, pus in the wound, swelling around the wound and pain, as this indicates that you may need to seek leg ulcer treatment in Singapore. HOME REMEDIES FOR CHRONIC LEG ULCERS These are some home remedies you can try to help VENOUS leg ulcers to improve. It is recommended that you first seek your doctor’s advice before attempting such remedies, as these methods may actually make your ulcer worse if it is due to ARTERIAL issues and not VENOUS ones. If when attempting these home remedies you find increasing pain/discomfort or notice your ulcer worsening, stop immediately and seek your doctor’s advice. ● Elevate your leg: Place your leg in a position such that your feet are above your heart, by propping it up on pillows or cushions. You can do this up to 4 times a day for 30 minutes each time. This will make it easier for blood to return to your heart, therefore improving blood circulation and speeding up the healing process of the wound. ● Wear compression garments: Compression garments help to place some pressure on the blood vessels in your leg, to prevent blood from accumulating or pooling in your veins. The pressure also helps the blood to flow continuously throughout the body, in a way that is able to support the healing of the wound. ● Wash your wound with a saline solution: Saline solution is essentially saltwater, that has disinfecting and sterile properties. Washing the wound with it helps to destroy the bacteria in the wound, minimizing infection and providing a clean environment for the leg ulcer to heal naturally. ● Apply aloe vera: Aloe vera gel may be able to give pain relief and lessen the swelling slightly. Studies have found that aloe vera is both a safe and effective home remedy method to take care of your wound. It seems to also promote faster wound healing. ● Simple exercise: Just flexing the ankle back and forth is able to improve blood circulation throughout the leg. Do this throughout the day whenever possible. Walking also has the same effect and is a non-strenuous way to increase your heart rate slightly and get blood pumping throughout your body. MEDICAL TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC LEG ULCERS Medical treatment for leg ulcers focus on two main areas: improving blood circulation by treating varicose veins, as well as cleaning up the wound. You can receive leg ulcer treatment in Singapore clinics with vascular surgeons. Improving blood circulation: Percutaneous foam sclerotherapy, Endovenous Laser Ablation and Radiofrequency Ablation are different methods available to seal off unhealthy blood vessels. The body then naturally diverts the blood to other healthy blood vessels so that proper blood circulation is restored. This ensures that all parts of the body and all tissues receive sufficient oxygen and nutrients, simultaneously assisting the healing process of any current wounds and lowering the risk of any future chronic leg ulcers forming. Cleaning up the wound: Debridement surgery is where the surgeon removes dead tissue from your wound and thoroughly disinfects it from bacteria so that the wound can be redressed in a completely clean environment. This prevents further infection and also promotes healthy tissue growth. Find out more about the treatment methods available for chronic leg ulcers in this article, where we explain in more detail the specifics of each type of treatment. For leg ulcer treatment in Singapore, do consider the Vascular and Interventional Centre, located in the Novena Specialist Centre, 8 Sinaran Dr, #06-08 Specialist Centre, Singapore 307470. We have in-house vascular surgeons to provide you with the treatment you are looking for. Feel free to book an appointment with us to consult with the specialists today! Contact details have been included below: 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: diabetes and circulation, diabetes and gangrene risk, diabetes complications Singapore, diabetes foot infection prevention, diabetes foot screening Singapore, diabetes foot ulcers, diabetes health advice, diabetes management Singapore, diabetes specialist Singapore, diabetes vascular complications, diabetes vascular health, diabetes wound care tips, diabetic foot care Singapore, diabetic foot clinic, diabetic leg care, diabetic neuropathy Singapore, diabetic ulcer treatment, diabetic wound prevention, How To Prevent Gangrene, how to prevent gangrene diabetes, prevent gangrene with diabetes Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional You may have heard that people with diabetes need to be more careful because they are at a higher risk of getting gangrene. Why is that? There are a few reasons for this, and it is good to be aware of how you can protect yourself from infection and severe injury if you have diabetes. Living with diabetes is not always easy but taking good care of yourself will allow you to avoid major complications such as gangrene and loss of limbs. DIABETIC NEUROPATHY Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes that affects about 1 in 2 diabetic patients. It is a condition where your nerves are damaged by high blood glucose (sugar) levels, and they no longer allow you to feel pain in certain areas. As a result, diabetic patients tend to get injured without their knowledge, leading to a greater chance of infection at the site of injury. They are also unlikely to treat the injuries if they do not feel the pain from it, which would allow further worsening of the infection that leads to wet gangrene. (The various types of gangrene have been explained in more detail here There are 4 different types of neuropathy, each affecting different parts of your body and presenting itself with different symptoms. ● Peripheral neuropathy: Usually affects legs and feet first before the arms and hands. Symptoms include a tingling/burning feeling, numbness, and a reduced ability to feel pain This is the main type of diabetic neuropathy that is related to a higher risk of gangrene. ● Autonomic neuropathy: As the name suggests, this affects the organs controlled by the autonomic system, consisting of the stomach, sex organs, heart, bladder, stomach and eyes. Symptoms include bladder/bowel problems, nausea, hypoglycemia unawareness (not recognizing when blood sugars are low), loss of appetite etc. ● Proximal neuropathy: Affects the thighs, hips, buttocks or legs. You may have difficulty standing up, and may experience pain in your hips, thighs, buttocks, and stomach. Your thigh muscles could weaken and shrink as well. ● Mononeuropathy: Also known as focal neuropathy, mononeuropathy tends to affect nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord. It is usually due to direct injury to the nerve. Tingling and numbness are among the symptoms of this type of neuropathy. DIABETES AND POOR BLOOD CIRCULATION The high blood sugar levels of someone who has diabetes can cause atherosclerosis, which is the build-up of fats in the blood vessel walls, causing the blood vessel to become narrower, impeding the flow of blood. Poor blood circulation is the most prominent cause of gangrene, as the tissues begin to degenerate and die when they do not receive sufficient oxygen or nutrients from the circulatory system. Hence, diabetes puts a person at a higher risk of developing gangrene. DIABETES AND A WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM High blood sugar levels trigger an inflammatory response, and in the long term, the cells of the pancreas will be damaged. Insulin can no longer be produced, perpetuating the cycle of high blood sugar levels, leading to hyperglycemia. This weakens a person’s immune system and causes a person to become even more susceptible to infection. Paired with poor blood circulation and neuropathy, gangrene can spread much more easily in diabetics. HOW TO PREVENT GANGRENE? For anyone who wants to protect themselves from getting gangrene, there are a few crucial pointers that should be abided by. Very often, these will lead to a healthier and happier life in general, while also helping to reduce your chances of contracting any other diseases. These pointers are listed below:● Have a healthy and balanced diet. Consume fats in moderation as excess fats are more likely to build up in your blood vessels and cause atherosclerosis. ● Exercise regularly (do moderate-intensity activities, eg. cycling, walking, swimming)● Maintain a healthy weight● Don’t smoke (avoid tobacco products). They encourage atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis (hardening of blood vessels)● Minimize your alcohol intake. This is to keep blood pressure and blood cholesterol at healthy levels. Take a look at to find out in more detail how you can apply the above suggestions to your life. For those with diabetes, extra care has to be taken to guard against gangrene. Firstly, check your hands and feet every day to ensure that you do not have any signs of infection like swelling, redness, or pus. See a doctor immediately if you do notice these signs. Check carefully for whether you have any cuts, sores or other injuries. Because you may not experience the pain that usually comes with injuries, you have to be extremely conscious about examining your body. At least once a year, you should ask to be checked by your doctor. Continue receiving treatment for your diabetes and control your blood sugar levels as much as possible. Additionally, diabetics should keep their feet dry and warm, to maintain good circulation and avoid infection. Care should be taken to choose shoes that accommodate diabetics. Special foot soles and pads can help to minimize the chances of injury, which is especially helpful since diabetics may be prone to foot ulcers and injuries. Slippers and high heeled shoes should be avoided when ever possible, because they provide less stable support to your feet. When living with diabetes, knowing how to prevent gangrene is very important as severe gangrene can be limb and life-threatening, and the condition can progress quickly when you have poor blood circulation and a weak immune system. With gangrene, time is of the essence and the infection should be stopped as early as possible to improve your chances of recovering from it. If you would like a check-up or treatment for gangrene, do book an appointment with us! Contact details can be found below: 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Arterial treatment Singapore, Balloon angioplasty Singapore, Chronic vascular care Singapore, Common vascular interventions, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Endovascular treatment Singapore, Interventional radiology Singapore, Minimally invasive vascular procedures, Non-surgical vascular treatment, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Stenting procedure Singapore, Surgery for vascular disease Singapore, Treatment for blood vessel disorders, Types of vascular treatments, Vascular disease management, vascular disease treatment Singapore, Vascular disease treatments Singapore, Vascular Diseases, Vascular specialist Singapore, Vascular surgery options, Vascular therapy options, Vein and artery care Singapore, Vein and artery treatment options, Vein procedures Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Vascular diseases are any diseases which primarily affect the blood vessels (mostly veins and arteries); they can affect people of any age. If you would like to know more about commonly seen vascular diseases, please visit this page. Continue reading this article to find out more about the different methods of diagnosis and options for treatment, as it varies with each disease. Types of Diagnosis and Vascular Disease Treatment Singapore: Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) PVD is a vascular disease where arteries and veins are narrowed, due to fatty deposits hardening into plaque in the vessel walls, and causing less blood than normal to flow to the rest of the body, thus decreasing their ability to function properly. Diagnosis Angiogram/Angiography Aside from the general physical exam and taking a comprehensive medical history, a specialist will diagnose PVD by doing an ultrasound or an angiogram. An angiogram is a test where an X-ray of your blood vessels will be taken. Contrast dye will be injected via a thin and narrow tube (catheter) which is inserted into your leg to reach the targeted arteries to make the arteries visible on the X-ray. During the procedure, you will be conscious with local anaesthetic applied to the area where the catheter has been inserted. You can also opt for a sedative on top of the local anaesthetic. After the procedure, you should be able to go home within the day, though you will most likely need someone to drive you home as you will be unable to drive on your own. Treatment Because PVD is a marker of increased risk of a heart attack or stroke, the first objective of treatment is to reduce your risk of heart attack and stroke as much as possible. If you have been diagnosed with PVD, you are advised to exercise regularly and stop smoking if you have not done so, and you may be required to take medication to aggressively treat conditions which could accelerate the onset of atherosclerosis, such as high blood pressure and diabetes. With regards to the issue of reduced blood flow to the organs affected by PVD, there are two surgical treatment options: Angioplasty A sheath will be inserted into the targeted artery via which devices will be introduced to attempt to widen the narrowed vessel. This can be done in multiple ways: a balloon and stent angioplasty involves introducing a high pressure balloon via the sheath and inflating it in the vessel to widen it, then leaving a wire mesh structure (stent) to keep it open. An atherectomy, however, would entail using a device to mechanically remove the blockage in the vessel. These are both minimally invasive procedures so you will have minimal surgical scars, and you should be able to go home on the same day or occasionally one day after the procedure. Vascular bypass surgery This is an open surgery technique where a healthy vein or a plastic tube is attached from a healthy part of the artery proximally to a healthy part of the artery distally, thus bypassing the blocked segment of artery. The vast majority of people with PVD will not have to opt for this, and it is usually reserved as a second-line procedure after having undergone angioplasty or atherectomy and yet failing to improve. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) DVT is a condition where a blood clot has formed in one or more deep veins (veins found deep beneath the skin, unlike superficial ones). It is considered serious because if even a small bit of the blood clot breaks off and travels upwards, it could block key arteries or veins (called an embolism). One occurrence which should be prevented at all costs is a pulmonary embolism, where the clot gets stuck in one of the arteries leading to the lungs; this impairs one’s ability to breathe properly. Diagnosis D-dimer Blood Test D-dimer is a small piece of protein formed after a blood clot dissolves People with DVT will have abnormally higher levels of D-dimer. A D-dimer test simply needs your blood sample, so it does not need any special preparation. Duplex ultrasound A duplex ultrasound uses two modes of ultrasound, Doppler and B-mode, to obtain a scan of the vessels in your body. The B-mode transducer pulls up an image of the targeted vessel while the Doppler probe evaluates the velocity and direction of blood flow in it. From this scan, it can be determined if there is a blockage in your deep veins. Treatment Because DVT is caused by the formation of blood clots in the deep veins, your doctor may prescribe blood thinners (anticoagulants) to prevent existing clots from enlarging and lower the risk of generating more blood clots. If blood thinners alone prove ineffective, you might be given clot busters (thrombolytics), which can cause severe bleeding. Do take note that if you are pregnant, you should not take blood thinners without your doctor’s prescription. You may also be advised to wear compression stockings to reduce swelling and the risk of blood pooling in the legs, to avoid the formation of more blood clots. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Diagram comparing a normal aorta and one with an AAA. Taken from Lim Ing Haan Cardiology Clinic. The aorta is the main artery, passing through the centre of the chest and abdomen, that supplies oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. An AAA means that a bulge has formed at the abdominal aorta, because the wall of the aorta has weakened in that area. It is in danger of rupturing and causing severe internal bleeding. The abdominal aorta is usually 2cm wide, one of the widest arteries in the body, however an AAA can cause it to expand to more than 5cm wide (when it is over 5. 5cm wide it is classified as large). In the US, a ruptured AAA is the 15th leading cause of death overall, and the 10th leading cause of death in men over 55. An AAA might form because of atherosclerosis, the deposit of fatty tissue on the walls of the aorta, or high blood pressure, which weakens them. Treatment If the AAA is small, you will be advised to monitor it and go for regular scans, most likely every 6 months, to check that it is not growing bigger. You should also make sure that other conditions such as high blood pressure are managed well as they can worsen the condition of the AAA. However, if it is sizable enough, there are surgeries you can opt for: Endovascular repair In this surgery, a catheter will be inserted through an artery in the groin and guided towards the aorta. A wire mesh tube (graft) attached to the end of the catheter will be expanded and fixed in place at the site of the AAA. The graft reinforces the weakened walls of the aorta to prevent the AAA from rupturing. After the surgery, you will most likely be required to come back for scans to check that the grafted area is not leaking. However, this surgery may not be possible for everyone, so do consult your doctor first. Open abdominal surgery This is an open surgery where the weakened part of the aorta is taken out and a graft is sewn in its place. Recovery time is a month or longer. Where should I go for vascular disease treatment Singapore? Should you have any concerns about vascular diseases and would like to know more about options for vascular disease treatment, feel free to book an appointment with us today! --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Arterial health Singapore, Artery and vein diseases, Blood vessel disease Singapore, Carotid artery disease, Chronic vascular conditions, Circulatory system problems Singapore, Common vascular disorders, Deep Vein Thrombosis/Venous Thrombosis (DVT), Early signs of vascular disease, Introduction to vascular conditions, Risk factors for vascular disease, Singapore vascular care, Symptoms of vascular diseases, Types of vascular disorders, Understanding vascular issues, Vascular disease overview, vascular disease treatment Singapore, Vascular diseases Singapore, Vascular health Singapore, Vascular specialist Singapore, Vein and artery conditions, Vein disease information, What is vascular disease - Translation Priorities: Optional What are vascular diseases? Vascular diseases are conditions causing an abnormality in the blood vessels, mainly the arteries or veins. Any person, whether young or old, whether healthy or not, may be at risk of vascular disease. If you are unsure if you have a vascular disease, please continue reading and see a specialist to receive advice and options for vascular disease treatment Singapore. How do I know if I have vascular disease? Here is a brief introduction to some common vascular diseases: ● Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) PVD is a condition causing the constriction (narrowing) of your blood vessels. Depending on which vessel is affected, the amount of blood flow towards the organ/limb supplied by that blood vessel becomes restricted resulting in insufficient oxygen and nutrients reaching that organ/limb to function at full capacity. The most common cause of vessel narrowing is atherosclerosis, the buildup of plaque (from fatty deposits) in the vessel walls. While PVD can affect any part of the body such as the brain and arms, but when PVD affects the arteries supplying the lower limbs, people usually feel pain or cramps in their legs and feet. In the early stages, people with PVD may not experience any symptoms. As the disease progresses, typical symptoms of PVD may start to appear, including claudication (walking-related pain in the buttocks, hips, calves and thighs), thinning of hair on the legs, heaviness or numbness in the leg muscles, slow-healing wounds on the legs, leg cramps (when lying down and resting) and reddish or blue discolouration in the feet and toes. Do note that this list is not exclusive, and if you suspect you have PVD, early review by a doctor will help with accurate diagnosis and proper treatment, which when initiated early will help to avoid serious limb and life threatening complications later on. ● Deep Vein Thrombosis/Venous Thrombosis (DVT) DVT occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more deep veins (veins far beneath the surface of the skin) of the body. The blood clot is usually formed in the legs or hips. This usually happens when there is pooling of blood in the veins for a significant period of time, such as during a long haul flight or during prolonged bed rest after major surgery. It can also be due to thickening of the blood in general (from infection or cancer), thus predisposing to increased risk of clots. DVT is especially dangerous because a piece of the solid blood clot could break off and travel upwards through the bloodstream and block another important vessel - this is called an embolism. A pulmonary embolism - where the blood clot gets stuck in one of the blood vessels leading to the lung - poses the greatest risk, as it is potentially fatal. DVT can permanently damage the valves in the veins, and may cause lasting sores and swelling in the legs. However, DVT usually occurs without the affected individual showing visible symptoms. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) The aorta is the main artery leading from the heart to the rest of the body. AAAs are a bulge in the aorta around the abdominal area, which pose a very serious danger of internal bleeding if they rupture. Someone may have an AAA which is getting bigger if they experience constant pain in or at the side of the belly area, back pain or feel a pulse near their belly button. An AAA is usually caused by atherosclerosis (hardening of the aorta wall), and high blood pressure (which weakens the aorta wall). The probability of getting an AAA increases with age, usage of tobacco, the presence of another aneurysm in other major blood vessels, and if one’s family member has previously had an AAA. To prevent getting AAA, one should observe a diet low in salt and saturated and trans fats, as well as stop or never start smoking. This is to reduce the chances of the onset of atherosclerosis and to maintain healthy blood pressure levels. Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) CAD is similar to PVD, except that it specifically affects the carotid arteries, the main arteries leading to the brain. CAD lessens the amount of blood flowing to the brain. The cause of CAD is the same, atherosclerosis, which narrows the walls of the arteries. CAD is however much more serious than normal PVD because the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen, and if deprived for even a few minutes, brain tissue will start to die. Even worse, if narrowing of the carotid arteries is too severe or a plaque on the wall of the arteries breaks off and causes a complete blockage of blood flow, it might cause a stroke due to too little oxygenated blood reaching the brain. There are usually no early noticeable symptoms of CAD except for occasionally a transient ischemic attack (TIA) which is temporary loss of blood flow to the brain, one of the early signs of stroke. Someone may have a TIA if they experience sudden numbness or paralysis in one of their arms, legs or side of their face and they are unable to use their limbs properly (flailing, drooping etc). If you see someone having symptoms of TIA, you should call for medical help immediately. Treatment Options in Singapore Treatment options for vascular diseases can be broadly categorized into medical (or non-invasive), surgical, and specialized care. Based on the type of acute or chronic vascular disease, location, severity, patient clinical condition, co-morbidities, the sizes of the centers, physician expertise, and experience in the hospital and the country, the selection of the appropriate treatment is made. Offering endovascular (minimally invasive) and open surgical treatment under one roof is often beneficial for the aorta or limbs. The availability of treatment options for vascular diseases has advanced significantly since the 1960s in the healthcare system. There have also been advances in endovascular techniques to deploy a covered stent, which has expanded the indications further and prevented life-threatening bleeding complications or occlusion of arteries, especially in complicated aortoiliac arteries in aneurysms. • Medical Treatment: There is an excellent primary healthcare system. The government healthcare system is financially affordable for the majority of the population. Chronic limb ischemia patients present to these clinics as well. Approximately 5-12 open operations are done per one million people due to poor infrastructure availability. • Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions: A single dose of clopidogrel 300 mg is given before and 75 mg for lifelong post-CAS patients without an additional loading dose preoperatively on anti-platelet therapy. • Surgical Treatment: This remains the main effective tool. More or less, the nature and severity of the disease decide the choice between open and endovascular techniques. • Specialized Care: Division between surgery and interventional treatment. Access to a vascular surgeon and an endovascular specialist within the same hospital can be a common scene in most of the large hospitals, but not in smaller private hospitals. In this scenario, depending on the diagnosis, the patient would be channeled to see either the vascular surgeon or the interventional specialist. Each of these specialists will discuss the surgical as well as the endovascular strategy and arrive at a decision, but sometimes there can be logical arguments. Of late, there has been a trend in coordinated decision-making to bring both specialists together and try to create universal standardized treatment guidelines. Medical Interventions The various classes of drugs and devices used in trials are also summarized in the context of the year and level of evidence available. Across a range of different outcome measures including death from any cause, large-vessel and small-vessel disease complications, pharmacological treatments can be subdivided into four main areas: antihypertensives, stroke-specific medical interventions to target hemodynamic or functional neurovascular protection effects, anticoagulants, and potent statins. Control of high blood pressure has long been established in reducing the risk of developing cerebrovascular, aneurysmal, and peripheral arterial system complications. There is strong evidence for the use of different drug registrations of ARBs, calcium-channel blockers, and thiazides in reducing the risks of first stroke, principally hemorrhagic stroke. In general, stroke patients require more hemodynamic protection and neurovascular functionality while healthy randomized patients require neurovascular protection. The available stroke outcome data show that different antihypertensive drug classes have various degrees of hemodynamic neuroprotective value except the blocker group that is neuroprotective. With extrapolation from intervention trial data, the current best buys are the ARBs for post-stroke types and calcium-channel blockers in the costs and health benefits for high-risk pre-stroke patients. Pharmacotherapy individualization is the key principle in drug planning of any sort even with cost-effectiveness efficacy. Emerging work on thrombolysis and interventional clot/device retrieval endovascular intervention influences the clinician’s approach to acute ischemic stroke and their potential for secondary prevention or risk of vessel dissection in hyperacute ischemic stroke. All acute and aggressive multi-drug intervention therapies except thrombolysis have to be taken with extreme caution in fractured neck of femur medical acute elderly patients. In patients with valvular replacement and atrial flutter cases, the INR ranges are clearly defined and the use of NOACs needs further study but are being used in anticoagulant aspirin takers. This would be applicable to many multiple differing drugs cocktail type medical scenarios as a consequence, although multiple drug prescription is acceptable following active intervention in high-risk patients. Given our present-day hospital cost-effective care hours, it is not possible to deploy extensive personal genomics therapy profiles and patient acceptance of such care by all may be problematic with extreme costs. The guideline recommendations have swung to including an aspirin-dipyridamole combination following secondary prevention stroke. The combination is superior for ischemic vascular protection over clopidogrel, and it is equal to clopidogrel but in excess of 10% more cost-effective for therapy alone in asymptomatic peripheral carotid revascularization. Personal lifestyle planning is a mandatory and potentially even the most useful form of treatment. This general category of high-risk patients after initial antiplatelet thrombolysis, immediate revascularization, and within two years hypertension control attracts lifestyle therapy, especially of collateral vessel boosting therapeutic aid. Following a TIA/stroke and/or peripheral arterial insufficiency events and after therapy trials have demonstrated an effect, i. e. , the great bulk of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease patients or peripheral artery occlusive disease, mini-stroke intervention therapy categories. Surgical Procedures Common surgical procedures used to treat vascular diseases in Singapore include: carotid endarterectomy, aortic aneurysm repair, surgical re-implantation of the superior mesenteric artery, subclavian to carotid transposition, amputations, and lower limb surgical revascularization. Each procedure is an operation to treat a particular group of conditions. Post-operatively, patients will receive close monitoring, and in certain cases, post-procedure imaging may be needed to ensure the surgery was successful. The team performs an increasing proportion of potentially risky endovascular and vascular procedures in elderly patients or younger patients with complex comorbidities in multidisciplinary settings, with input from a number of different medical specialists. The decision to operate will often involve a discussion with the patient about their comorbidities and their severity. The patient’s preferences will also be taken into account. The follow-up imaging results of re-implantation of the subclavian to carotid transposition are being assessed with vascular surgeons. This topic will be shared to further engage the cardiac and vascular interventionists on their treatment preferences and results between the two characteristics. In most circumstances, patients will undergo surgery after discussing suitable treatment options and having a clear understanding of procedures and their risks. An exception is if there is a high risk of dying from an operation. In this case, surgery may not be offered or the number of replacement grafts available will be severely limited. Patients may also be offered other surgical treatments or alternative non-surgical options. Several important outcomes are measured to help compare surgical, endovascular, and conservative management of arterial aneurysmal disease. In summary, many of the major large vessel and aneurysm treatments are now performed in the public healthcare sector. One-stop care is frequently provided through combined clinic services, and packing and stent interventions have become the primary treatment modalities for a number of diseases. The outcomes... --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Advanced vein therapy Singapore, CLACS aftercare Singapore, CLACS effectiveness Singapore, CLACS for spider veins, CLACS patient experience, CLACS procedure Singapore, CLACS results Singapore, Clacs Singapore, CLACS treatment Singapore, CLACS vs traditional treatment, Combined laser and sclerotherapy, Laser vein removal Singapore, Non-invasive vein treatment Singapore, Singapore vein clinic CLACS, Spider vein treatment CLACS, Spider Veins, Varicose veins, Vascular laser treatment Singapore, Vein aesthetic treatment Singapore, Vein removal CLACS Singapore, Vein therapy procedure Singapore, What is CLACS Singapore, What to expect CLACS - Translation Priorities: Optional Varicose veins is a condition where the one-way valves in the veins do not function properly, causing backflow of the blood into the legs where it collects. When the blood collects, the affected veins start to bulge or become twisted, and usually turn a darker blue or purple. They may cause pain and difficulty in moving around for some people, and for most they will find it a cosmetic concern. People are more likely to get varicose veins if they do not move from a standing or sitting position for a prolonged period of time (sitting at a desk the whole day etc). Varicose veins will get progressively worse if left untreated, and more extensive surgery may be required during later stages. If you suspect you have varicose veins, do consult a doctor earlier to initiate treatment before the disease worsens. Founded in 2002, CLaCS is a relatively new treatment for varicose and spider veins. It involves using laser therapy to burn and damage the walls of the varicose veins, then injecting a substance (sclerosant) which shrinks the veins. Throughout the procedure, cold air is blown onto the skin to numb it so no pain should be felt by the patient. There are little to no surgical scars as the laser only damages the inner walls of the vein and does not mar the skin. CLaCS Singapore is more effective on veins which are shallower (closer to the skin) - for deeper veins, other treatments such as endovenous heat ablation are more suitable. You may want to consult a doctor or specialist to discuss which treatment method is best for your condition. Here are some things to take note of regarding the procedure: Before surgery Patients undergoing CLaCS Singapore treatment should refrain from applying any artificial skin-tanning agents on their skin (regardless which area). This is because it could interfere with the visibility of the infra-ray scan of the spider veins projected onto the skin. If your doctor has assessed that you have sensitive skin and might still feel discomfort even with cold air blown onto your skin, they may apply numbing cream onto the targeted areas. After Surgery After the procedure, positive results should begin to show after 2-3 weeks. The varicose or spider veins may take 1-2 months to disappear completely - while the veins may still appear darker during the first two weeks after the surgery, they are in the process of healing so there is no need to worry. There should be no need for further therapy such as compression stockings after surgery, and you will be able to return to work and your daily lifestyle as per normal 4-6 hours after. Exercise can be resumed 24 hours (1 day) after the surgery. It should be noted that though the treated veins are likely to never be problematic again, new spider and varicose veins can always develop in other untreated areas. This is why it is important to change your lifestyle, such as exercising more often and wearing compression stockings if you have to sit or stand for long periods. Where can I go for CLaCS Singapore? Because CLaCS is quite new, our clinic is currently the only one in Singapore to offer CLaCS treatment for varicose or spider veins. Should you wish to learn more about or opt for it, feel free to book an appointment or consultation with us today! --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Deep Vein Thrombosis, Varicose veins, Veins, Venous malformations - Translation Priorities: Optional Veins are blood vessels that transport deoxygenated blood from organs and muscles back to the heart. Venous diseases are medical conditions related to your veins, and these include: Varicose veins, spider veins. This is a condition whereby the valves in the veins have weakened, thus allowing the backflow of blood. As a result, the veins start to bulge, enlarge and/or twist. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT). Deep vein thrombosis is a condition in which a blood clot has formed in the deep veins of the body, usually in the limbs and/or arms. This restricts the blood flow through the vein and in addition, it can result in a possibly fatal condition, pulmonary embolism. Venous malformations. Venous malformations refer to the abnormal growth of veins in the body, and they appear as skin-coloured soft lumps under the skin. Chronic wounds, such as ulcers (usually found on the legs). These chronic wounds are related to poor circulation in the legs, which causes increased venous blood pressure resulting in the formation of open sores. Prevention methods The prevention of vein diseases includes both the maintenance of good vascular health as well as prevention techniques to reduce your risk of developing these vein diseases. Your vascular health refers to your circulatory system, which consists of all the vessels that allow for the transport of blood and lymph around the body. The vascular system is very important to our human body as it is the passageway that allows for the transport of essential substances such as oxygen, nutrients, hormones, carbon dioxide and blood cells around the body. Hence, it is crucial that we protect our vascular health, and here are three simple tips to improve your vascular health: Managing underlying health conditions (such as hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol). It is important that we manage these conditions to prevent them from worsening, as they can affect our vascular health. Hypertension, commonly referred to as high blood pressure, can result in damage to the walls of blood vessels, and also contributes to atherosclerosis, the buildup of plaque in the walls of blood vessels, which results in the narrowing and/or blockage of blood vessels. Diabetes refers to a condition in which there are high levels of glucose in the bloodstream, which can result in the damage of the walls of blood vessels. It is also a contributing factor of atherosclerosis. Cholesterol is one of the main components of the plaque that deposits in the walls of the blood vessels. As such, high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream heavily contribute to atherosclerosis. Refrain from smoking and drinking. Components in smoke such as carbon monoxide and nicotine accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis (buildup of plaque in the walls of blood vessels), resulting in the narrowing of blood vessels. Smoking also causes blood to thicken, which also makes it more prone to blood clots. You should refrain from drinking as alcohol contains high levels of calories, as well as encourages high blood pressure. As a result, you may find yourself putting on weight if you are a heavy drinker. Exercise. Aerobic exercise, for example, walking, jogging, yoga etc. promotes good circulation throughout the body. This is extremely essential to our vascular health as this promotes the flow of blood through blood vessels in our body. In addition, exercise also helps you to maintain a healthy weight, which also makes you less prone to certain diseases, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes, which are both contributing factors of atherosclerosis (buildup of plaque in the walls of blood vessels). On top of protecting your vascular health, here are some tips on how to prevent venous diseases: Ways to prevent varicose veins/spider veins Exercise regularlyMaintain a healthy weight and lose weight if you mustDo not stand and/or sit for long periods of time and stretch often if you must Wear compression stockings to prevent blood from pooling in your legs Ways to prevent deep vein thrombosisDo not stand and/or sit for long periods of time. It is best to move around to encourage circulation in your body. Stretch often if you must. Compression stockings to prevent blood from pooling in your legsExercise frequentlyMaintain a healthy weight and lose weight if you mustQuit smokingMonitor your blood pressure Keep hydrated to reduce chances of blood thickening which can make it more prone to blood clots There are no specific ways to prevent venous malformations, as this condition is mainly congenital. Ways to prevent chronic wounds, such as ulcers (on the leg)Exercise regularlyQuit smokingMaintain a healthy weight and lose weight if you mustDo not stand and/or sit for long periods of time. It is best to move around to encourage circulation in your body. Stretch often if you must. Lift your legs for a short while to aid the flow of blood back to your heart, especially if you have been standing and/or sitting for a long period of time. Wear compression stockings to prevent blood from pooling in your legs If you are looking for treatment for venous diseases, head down to our clinic today! At the Vascular and Interventional Centre, we provide treatment for a range of diseases associated with your veins. You may contact us by calling us at +65 6694 6270 or email us at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Blood clot condition Singapore, Blood clot in leg Singapore, Chronic DVT management, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Deep vein thrombosis Singapore, deep vein thrombosis treatment Singapore, DVT awareness Singapore, DVT causes and risks, DVT diagnosis Singapore, DVT medical help Singapore, DVT symptoms and treatment, DVT therapy Singapore, DVT treatment, dvt treatment singapore, DVT vascular care, Leg vein clot Singapore, Prevent deep vein thrombosis, Signs of DVT Singapore, Treatment for leg clot Singapore, Vascular blood clot Singapore, Vein blockage symptoms, Vein thrombosis treatment, What is DVT - Translation Priorities: Optional Looking for deep vein thrombosis treatment, Singapore? Then this is the article for you! Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition in which a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs, thighs or pelvis, and can occasionally occur in the arm. Did you know that in Singapore, deep vein thrombosis is not uncommon? In a study done by the Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore, the frequency of deep vein thrombosis was 15. 8% per 10,000 patients. If you have developed this condition, it is very important that you seek deep vein thrombosis treatment. Singapore has many types of treatment options available to you. Causes There are multiple factors that increases your risk of developing DVT. These include: Injury. When you sustain an injury that has damaged your blood vessel wall, this can stimulate the formation of clots in the vein and block the blood flow. Examples of such injuries include fractures and severe muscle injuries. Reduced mobility or inactivity. When sitting or standing for long periods, this causes blood to pool in your lower limbs. The stasis of blood results in poor circulation and promotes the formation of clots in the deep veins (DVT). Surgery. In some surgeries, blood vessels may be damaged and this can result in the formation of a blood clot. Furthermore, after a surgery, prolonged bed rest with minimal movement can result in the formations of blood clots. Increased levels of oestrogen. High levels of oestrogen produce increased amounts of blood clotting proteins, thus increasing the risk of developing blood clots. High levels of oestrogen can be caused as a result of pregnancy, birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy. Obesity. Being obese puts you at a much higher risk of developing blood clots in the deep veins. Obesity causes chronic inflammation and reduced ability to break down blood clots, all of which contribute to a higher risk of DVT. The presence of underlying cancer. Some cancers (stomach, pancreas, brain etc. ) can result in the blood being more prone to clotting. The presence of certain chronic illnesses. Certain chronic illnesses, such as heart diseases, lung diseases, cancer and cancer treatment and inflammatory diseases can increase the risk of developing deep vein thrombosis. Old age. As one ages, they tend to be more prone to developing chronic illnesses, such as heart and/or lung diseases, which increases the risk of developing deep vein thrombosis. Symptoms It is possible for people with deep vein thrombosis to be asymptomatic in the early stages. Most people with deep vein thrombosis may eventually experience some of the following symptoms: Swelling of limbs, ankles or feet Cramping in the leg that usually begins in the calf, and which then extends to the thigh and groin Intense but unexplainable pain in the calf, foot or ankle A particular area on the skin feels warmer than the rest of the skin Quick heartbeat Skin turns pale, reddish or blue around the affected area If you have deep vein thrombosis in the arms, common symptoms include: Neck pain Shoulder pain Swelling in the forearms which can spread up to the heart Weakness of the arm If you suspect you have deep vein thrombosis, do seek deep vein thrombosis treatment, Singapore, immediately. Usually, deep vein thrombosis is not a life-threatening medical condition, however if the clot involves blood vessel in your upper arm or above the knee towards the heart, this may lead to a life-threatening condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE). In PE, clots in the deep vein break off and travel to the heart and/or lungs and impede the absorption of oxygen from the lungs. If a person is deprived of a critical amount of oxygen for a matter of minutes, irreversible brain and organ damage will occur leading to death. With appropriate medical treatment, pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis can be cured. Treatment for Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) If you have deep vein thrombosis, it is always essential to seek medical advice from a professional. Below is a list of possible treatment options that may be offered to you: Pharmacological treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) Some doctors may prescribe blood thinning medication to prevent the formation of blood clots as well as to dissolve the existing blood clots. Conservative non-surgical treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) Tight compression socks are sometimes used in conjunction with pharmacological treatment to help relieve pain and swelling in the affected leg. Minimally invasive surgical treatments for deep vein thrombosis (DVT)Thrombolysis is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to break up the blood clot(s) that are restricting the blood flow in the blood vessels. This procedure combines the use of mechanical devices and medicine to dissolve the clots. This procedure is usually performed for extensive deep vein thrombosis cases that are less than two weeks old. If a narrowing of the vein is seen during the procedure, your doctor may also insert a stent to keep the blood vessel open. If you have deep vein thrombosis or if you suspect you have this condition, do seek medical attention immediately and receive deep vein thrombosis treatment Singapore immediately. You may head down to our clinic, the Vascular and Interventional Centre, at Novena Specialist Centre Singapore for comprehensive assessment and treatment of DVT. You may contact us by calling us at +65 6694 6270, or emailing us at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Blood flow and gangrene, Chronic limb gangrene, Dry vs wet gangrene, Early signs of gangrene, Gangrene, Gangrene amputation risk, Gangrene diagnosis Singapore, Gangrene medical emergency, Gangrene prevention Singapore, gangrene specialist singapore, Gangrene treatment Singapore, Gangrene vascular complications, Gangrene wound care, Gangrene wound treatment, How To Prevent Gangrene, Infection-related gangrene, Surgical treatment for gangrene, Symptoms of gangrene, Tissue necrosis treatment, Treating gangrene in Singapore, Vascular gangrene care, What is gangrene - Translation Priorities: Optional Gangrene refers to the death of tissues in the body due to blockage of blood vessels or infection resulting in insufficient oxygen supply to these tissues. With gangrene, the aim is to initiate treatment as early as possible, to reduce the amount of tissue damage and loss. Prevention is always better and being aware of how to prevent gangrene is important so that you can avoid the risks posed to your limb and life when gangrene becomes serious. You can find out more about how to prevent gangrene here. DIAGNOSIS Gangrene is diagnosed when your tissue turns purplish/black and you lose function and sensation in the affected body part. Certain tests will be conducted when you are diagnosed with gangrene to assess the severity and to guide appropriate treatment. Blood tests: Blood is drawn from your arm and tested for signs of infection. For example, an increased count of white blood cells would indicate that bacteria are likely present in the wound. Imaging tests:  Computerized Tomography (CT) scans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans and X- ray scans can all be carried out to check for spread of infection to the deeper structures such as the bone and joints. The doctor will also check for gas under your skin as this may be a sign of deadly gas gangrene. Simultaneously, your doctor will perform a scan on your blood vessels to check for blockages that could be the cause of the gangrene. Cultures Blood culture: Samples of your blood are drawn and incubated in a warm suitable environment to promote the growth of the bacteria. After the bacteria replicate, it can be identified accurately and tested for appropriate antibiotic susceptibility. Tissue/Fluid cultures: Samples of the tissue or the fluid from the affected area is taken and tests are conducted on the samples. This is to determine the specific bacteria responsible for the infection, so that the doctor can prescribe the correct antibiotic to counter the infection. TREATMENT After gangrene has damaged the tissue, it cannot be salvaged, but treatment can help to prevent the condition from getting worse. Medication: Antibiotics are often administered to treat the bacterial infection. This can either be given via an Intravenous (IV) drip, or taken as tablets. IV drips and injections are usually only necessary if the infection is severe and a more direct form of administration is needed. Debridement surgery: This procedure involves thoroughly disinfecting and cleaning the wound, and surgically removing any necrotic (dead) tissue to facilitate better healing. Following this surgery, antibiotics may also be prescribed. Maggot therapy: A form of biosurgery, where maggots that have been bred in a sterile and clean environment are used to disinfect the wound. The maggots are placed on the wound and covered up with gauze so that they remain in the wound and out of sight. The maggots feed on the dead tissue and help clean the wound, allowing healthy tissue to then regrow. Risks associated with this treatment are very low, and it has been proven to be an effective treatment for gangrene. Angioplasty and Stenting: This is to restore healthy blood flow so that the tissues in the body are receiving the oxygen and nutrients that they need. A tiny balloon is inserted into the blood vessel that is blocked and is inflated to compress the occluding plaque to the side, thus reopening the blood vessel to allow blood to flow normally. A stent (wire mesh tube) may be inserted at the same time to keep the blood vessel open. The restored circulation supports the healing of the wound affected by gangrene. Open bypass surgery: In this procedure, a vein or prosthetic graft is used to connect one proximal healthy segment of an artery to another healthy segment more distally, thus bypassing the parts of the blood vessel that are blocked. Blood circulation is restored to the distal tissues thus reducing the risk of gangrene spreading. Amputation: In some cases, the patient has no choice but to have an amputation. This occurs when the gangrene is severe and has already affected most of the limb. Debridement surgery is unlikely to help and hence the only way to prevent the spreading of the gangrene is to remove the whole limb. Once the wound heals, the patient can then be fitted with a prosthetic limb and undergo physiotherapy to restore normal movements and daily activities. After the surgery, your doctor may use a Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) device to further speed up the healing process. Foam dressing is first put into the wound and covered with another layer of plastic film. This film seals the wound and the dressing. A vacuum pump is attached to a tube in the plastic film. As the vacuum pump sucks the air out from under the plastic film, it creates a negative pressure environment at the wound bed, which has been shown to accelerate the growth of healthy tissue. The VAC also helps to remove excess fluid and exudates from the wound bed, keeping the wound clean and the surrounding skin healthy. The sides of the wound are also drawn closer to each other, thus speeding up the healing of the wound. The setup can be seen in the picture below. The whole VAC procedure provides an optimal environment for your wound to heal in and will help you to recover from gangrene more quickly. Should you want to receive treatment for gangrene, feel free to book an appointment with us! Do not hesitate to receive treatment for gangrene as it can be life-threatening if neglected and left untreated. Our doctors will discuss the treatment method that suits your condition, and help you on your journey to recovery, giving you advice on how to prevent gangrene in the future. Contact details are as follows: 6694 6270 (Call) 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) 6694 6270 (Call) 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Causes of swollen legs, Chronic leg swelling Singapore, Leg edema treatment Singapore, Leg fluid retention treatment, Leg inflammation care Singapore, Lower limb swelling relief, Lymphedema Singapore treatment, LYMPHOEDEMA, One leg swelling solution, Persistent leg swelling Singapore, Singapore leg specialist, Singapore vascular clinic, Swelling Leg Treatment Singapore, Swollen ankle and leg care, Swollen Leg Treatment Singapore, Swollen leg vein issue, Swollen legs doctor Singapore, Treating swollen feet Singapore, Treatment for heavy legs, Vascular leg swelling, Vein-related leg swelling, Venous insufficiency treatment - Translation Priorities: Optional Diagnosis and Treatment Options What you may recognize as a swelling leg or a swollen leg is a common condition called lymphoedema. This condition is brought about by the accumulation of lymph (lymphatic fluid) in a certain part of your body, most commonly your arms or your legs. This fluid is what causes the swelling, and can bring about symptoms like fatigue, a limited range of motion, hardening of the skin, and an increased likelihood of infections. When you have lymphoedema, you will have to be a lot more careful about being injured, as these injuries are likely to take a longer time to treat and heal. DIAGNOSIS ● Computerised Topography (CT) scan: A CT scan uses X-rays to take images of your body from various different angles. The computer then combines the images to form a cross-sectional image of your body. This allows the doctor to look for any secondary causes of lymphatic channel blockage such as tumours. ● Ultrasound scan: Ultrasound waves are bounced against the structures in the body to create an image of those internal structures. A venous ultrasound scan is usually performed to exclude venous reflux or deep venous thrombosis as a cause of the swollen leg. ● Lymphoscintigraphy: In this procedure, radiotracers (radioactive dye) are injected into the body to be evaluated, and then a scan is conducted to observe the movement of the dye through the lymphatic system. You will be able to see any lymphatic channel blockages based on where the dye is unable to flow. Some tests may also be conducted to eliminate other possible causes of leg swelling like vein disease, muscle and soft tissue infections and injury. It is important for the doctor to be sure about the diagnosis because treatment has to be targeted and accurate in order to yield good results. TREATMENT There are a few different ways that lymphoedema can be treated, depending on the severity of the condition. For early-stage lymphoedema, compression therapy with compression garments and lymphatic drainage massage may suffice as treatment to alleviate the symptoms of lymphoedema. ● Compression garments: Compression garments are made of a material that is elastic and tight-fitting around your skin. They function by compressing the affected limb and thus reduce the accumulation of lymph and encourage the drainage of the lymph from that limb. Your doctor will have to make measurements and tailor the compression garment to your body so that the right amount of pressure is applied. Compression garments may also be used in conjunction with other treatment methods such as after lymphatic drainage massage or after lymphovenous bypass surgery. ● Lymphatic drainage massage: This has to be done regularly (at least 3 times a week). During the massage, excess lymphatic fluid is moved gently to other parts of the lymphatic system where they can be effectively drained. There is evidence that lymphatic drainage massage can also help to reduce anxiety and boost immunity, among other benefits. Before the lymphatic drainage massage, make sure to stay hydrated, eat as little food as possible, and consult your doctor about any medications you are currently taking. Dosages of some medications may have to be changed slightly before the massage. Surgery for early-stage lymphoedema is also available. These include lymphovenous bypass and lymph node transplant/transfer ● Lymphovenous bypass: This is a surgical procedure where the healthy part of a lymph vessel is connected to a nearby vein, thus allowing lymph to flow freely out of the affected limb and bypassing any obstructed segments. Results of the surgery may take up to a year after to be noticed. ● Lymph node transplant: This is a procedure to transfer a healthy lymph node together with its draining blood vessel from one part of your body to the another part which is affected by lymphoedema. Over time, this transplanted lymph node will then connect to the lymphatic vessels of the affected limb and help to reduce the swelling in the limb. After the surgery, you may have to wear light compression garments for a while. If lymphoedema progresses to an advanced stage, other surgical treatments are required. ● Debulking: This is the surgical procedure to directly remove the excess tissue and fluid of lymphoedema. Skin grafts may have to be used from other parts of your body to help with wound healing. ● Liposuction: A vacuum is inserted into the skin to suck out the excess tissue and fluid, much like debulking. However, this treatment procedure is less invasive than debulking, and the recovery will therefore be faster. Scarring from the procedure will also be less. Lymphoedema can affect your quality of life and make day to day activities difficult. In this way, swelling leg treatment, Singapore, can prove help in restoring your ability to live normally. Unfortunately, lymphoedema cannot be completely cured, but the swelling and symptoms can be reduced. Should you want to have lymphoedema/swelling leg treatment, Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is always available. Feel free to book an appointment with us today! Contact details have been included below: 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Advanced vein treatment Singapore, Best surgery for varicose veins, Clacs Singapore, Endovenous ablation surgery, Endovenous surgery Singapore, Leg vein surgery Singapore, Minimally invasive vein surgery, Singapore vascular procedures, Surgery for chronic venous disease, Surgical treatment for varicose veins, Surgical vein treatment options, Treatment for large varicose veins, Varicose vein care Singapore, Varicose vein operation, Varicose vein removal surgery, Varicose vein surgery Singapore, Varicose veins, Varicose veins surgical options, Vascular surgery for veins, Vein ligation Singapore, Vein stripping Singapore, Vein surgeon Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional What are varicose veins? A pair of legs with varicose veins. Taken from John Hopkins Medicine. Varicose veins are dark blue or purplish bulging, twisted veins which appear mostly on the legs, although they may also be seen on the arms or neck. They occur as a result of faulty valves in the veins which fail to prevent backflow of blood (especially those in the lower body) resulting in blood pooling and collecting in the veins. The veins start to swell and become more easily seen and bulge out. Smoking, obesity, pregnancy and occupations which involve prolonged sitting or standing are all risk factors for development of varicose veins. Varicose veins are not only a cosmetic concern, as they can also rupture and bleed or cause recurrent skin infections and wounds if left untreated. Vein Stripping and Ligation In this procedure, the vein which contains the faulty valve is removed so the blood flow is redirected to other healthy, working veins. An instrument is inserted through a small incision in the leg and threaded up to the vein, where it is cut and pulled out (stripped). The end of the cut vein is then tied off (ligated). Because stripping and ligation is more invasive (involves pulling out parts of the veins from the body), it causes more bleeding and pain resulting in delayed post-operative recovery. Radiofrequency Ablation Radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive procedure with a high success rate, and leaves little to no surgical scars. A catheter (thin, hollow tube) is inserted through a small incision (cut) in the leg and fed upwards along the affected vein. When the device is activated, the heating element at the tip of the catheter will transmit heat energy to the targeted veins, and close them off. Blood will be unable to pool in the diseased vein and will instead flow back to the heart via the remaining normal veins. CLaCS Singapore A scan of the varicose veins being performed during CLaCS. Taken from Indian Vascular Surgery CLaCS (Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy) is a recently available procedure which is quick, minimally invasive and efficient. It is also not painful and anyone who chooses to undergo it should be able to resume their usual lifestyle or work schedule within a day (at most). CLaCS Singapore involves, firstly, blowing cool air (-20℃) onto the skin to cool it, so that the patient does not feel any pain or discomfort during the procedure. Next, a scanner is used to project the infra-ray scan of the network of veins below the skin onto the skin surface, enabling the surgeon to locate the affected vein more precisely. The surgeon then uses a transdermal laser to ablate the vein. This laser will only damage the vein and not the skin, so you do not have to worry about leaving visible scars. After the vein has been treated with the laser, a medicine called a sclerosant will be injected into it to seal it off completely. The laser and sclerosant together ensures that the treated varicose vein never enlarges or transports blood again. CLaCS is more effective when targeting varicose veins that are very shallow just beneath the skin surface. The patient is able to return home shortly after the procedure and resume their usual lifestyle, including exercise and eating habits the next day after the treatment. The results of the surgery should begin to be noticeable 2-3 weeks after the treatment. Where should I go if I want to try CLaCS Singapore treatment? As of now, Vascular and Interventional Centre (VIC) is the only clinic in Singapore which offers CLaCS for varicose veins or spider veins. If you are interested or would like more information about it, feel free to contact us or book an appointment with one of our specialists today! 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Best spider vein treatment Singapore, Broken capillaries treatment Singapore, Cosmetic vein treatment Singapore, Facial vein treatment Singapore, Leg vein removal Singapore, Minimally invasive vein solutions, Non-surgical vein removal Singapore, Red vein treatment Singapore, sclerotherapy Singapore, Singapore vascular specialist, Spider vein care Singapore, Spider vein laser treatment Singapore, Spider vein removal Singapore, Spider vein therapy Singapore, Spider vein treatment Singapore, Spider Veins, Spider Veins Removal Singapore, Thread veins Singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore, Vein doctor Singapore, Vein removal procedures Singapore, Visible vein removal Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Diagnosis and treatment options for spider veins Spider veins appear as a web or a network of red lines very close to the surface of the skin. They are a less severe and milder version of varicose veins, so they very rarely cause pain or discomfort. However, the cause of spider veins is similar to that of varicose veins, where the valves in the veins weaken and allow backflow of blood. This results in stretching of the walls of the veins, making them more visible from the surface of the skin. Spider veins are often red, but they can also be blue or purplish. DIAGNOSIS You may undergo one or a combination of these tests in order to fully evaluate for spider veins and any complications. ● Physical examination: While you are standing, your doctor will look for any swelling in your leg. They will also look for reddish/bluish web of lines on your leg, indicating the presence of spider veins. ● Ultrasound scan: During an ultrasound scan, ultrasound waves are bounced against the structures in the body to create an image of those structures. Gel is first applied to your leg, before the scanner (transducer) is run over it. The doctor will look for presence of any blood clots in the deep veins which will indicate presence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Your doctor will also check for abnormalities in the direction of blood flow in your veins which may suggest underlying venous reflux. ● Venogram: A venogram involves the injection of contrast (type of dye) followed by an X-ray scan to allow the doctor to observe how blood is flowing in the venous system, and check for any underlying venous flow obstruction. After these tests, your healthcare provider will advise you on whether you need spider veins removal, Singapore. PREVENTION ● Avoid inactivity: Staying in one position (especially standing) for a long period of time makes it harder for your heart to pump the blood from your legs back up towards your heart. Gravity is working against your circulation and without the aid of the contracting calf muscles, your blood will not be able to flow well. Hence, you should always try to do some waking exercises every hour if you are travelling long distances. ● Maintain a healthy weight: This is important as obesity brings about many health issues and conditions. Excess fats place pressure on your blood vessels and increase the pressure of the blood in them, which can then damage the blood vessels. By maintaining a healthy weight, your blood vessels are able to function well. ● Exercise regularly: Not only does this promote your physical health, it also enables you to get your heart pumping and strengthen your vascular system and the walls of your blood vessels. In general, your circulation will improve with exercise. You can do cardio exercises like cycling, running, walking, and swimming. ● Wear compression garments: Compression garments are made of an elastic material that is tight and body-hugging when you put it on. They place slight pressure on your blood vessels and help to boost blood flow. They prevent the blood vessels from bulging out even if the valves are beginning to weaken. ● Eat more fibre in your diet, and consume less sodium: Fiber has been found to help with good blood circulation and lower blood cholesterol as well as pressure, all of which will lower your risk of having spider veins. TREATMENT Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs): This procedure involves both a chemical and a mechanical approach to seal off damaged veins. The laser is targeted at the specific veins where the valves are weak. At the same time, a chemical sclerosant (chemical that seals the veins) is injected, all while the area is kept at a temperature of -20℃. The diseased vein is sealed close and will be no longer visible. ClariveinTM/Mechanochemical Ablation: A catheter is inserted which physically stimulates the walls of the veins, while a chemical sclerosant is injected into it. The diseased vein is sealed close and will be no longer visible. VensealTM/VenaBlock Glue Closure: Venseal is a medical product that can be used to fill up veins with weak valves, diverting the blood flow into other blood vessels nearby. After this procedure is done, your spider veins should disappear. Radiofrequency Ablation: Radiofrequency waves are used to heat up the diseased veins, scarring the walls of these blood vessels and sealing them off. In the same way as the other treatment methods above, blood no longer flows through the damaged blood vessels and you should no longer see the spider veins. Often a combination of these procedure is done to achieve better results. Certain procedures are more suited to a particular segment of vein and your surgeon will be able to advise what combination of therapy will be required to achieve optimum results. If you do have spider veins and are looking for a place to undergo spider veins removal, Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is always an option! We are located at Novena Specialist Centre, at 8 Sinaran Dr, #06-08 Specialist Centre, Singapore 307470. Feel free to book an appointment and drop by for a consultation! Contact details can be found below: 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) REFERENCES https://www. healthline. com/health/varicose-veins#treatment-and-prevention --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: LYMPHOEDEMA, Swollen Leg Treatment Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Why you might need swollen leg treatment, Singapore. WHAT IS IT? Leg swelling may be caused by a condition known as Lymphoedema. This is a condition where swelling occurs in the body tissues due to the accumulation of lymph, which is a fluid consisting of proteins, salts, fats, white blood cells and water. Lymph circulates throughout the body in the lymphatic system which is a separate transport system from the blood vessels. Lymphoedema can affect different parts of your body, but most commonly it affects the arms and the legs. Lymphoedema can cause significant swelling in the legs resulting in reduced mobility. You will also be at increased risk of leg infection and sepsis. Lymphoedema may also be a complication of a more severe underlying disease, some of which can be life threatening. Hence, it is important to visit a doctor for a thorough evaluation and receive appropriate swollen leg treatment. Singapore clinics can do this for you, so don’t worry! CAUSES OF LYMPHOEDEMA ● Primary lymphoedema: This is a less common form of lymphoedema, which is caused by the absence of lymphatic channels at birth, or the failure of the lymphatic system to properly drain lymph. Swollen limbs can either be observed once the baby is born (congenital absence of lymphatics) or later in the teenage years of the person (delayed primary failure) ● Secondary lymphoedema: This type of lymphedema is usually a result of surgery, where the lymph nodes (filters of the lymphatic system) have been removed. One example is axilla lymph node clearance surgery for breast cancer. Other possible causes of secondary lymphoedema are:● Cancer: When cancer cells grow near lymph nodes and lymph vessels they cause the lymph node to enlarge resulting in blockage of the lymphatic vessels. When the flow and drainage of lymph are impeded, it may accumulate and result in lymphoedema. ● Radiotherapy for cancer: This may cause scarring of the lymph nodes/vessels, which reduces the flow of lymph through them. For example, radiation to the groin or pelvic lymph nodes may cause damage to the lymphatic channels in the groin/pelvic region thus resulting in lymphoedema of the leg. ● Parasites: Infection of the lymphatic vessels by parasitic worms of the family Filariodidea may cause blockage of the lymph vessels resulting in a disease known as Lymphatic filariasis. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes and a person can be at risk if they are bitten by a mosquito in an area where the parasite is endemic. Lymphatic filariasis can lead to swelling/lymphoedema of the limbs, scrotum, genitals and breasts. ● Trauma: Crush or burn injuries or injuries from surgery can damage lymphatic vessels. Once the injury is permanent, chronic lymphoedema may develop. ● Vascular impairment: The veins in the vascular system also help to filter fluid in the body, and work simultaneously with the lymphatic system to return fluid back to the heart. The lymphatic system can compensate to drain the excess fluid in the event of vascular system drainage problems. However if left untreated, at a certain point the lymphatic system will be unable to cope with the increased amount of lymph, and accumulation/swelling (lymphoedema) occurs. ● Kidney failure: The kidney function to filter toxins and remove excessive fluid from the body. When the kidneys no longer function as they should, there will be excessive accumulation of fluid in the body which will overload the lymphatic system. This will lead to swelling/lymphoedema throughout the body. ● Cardiac impairment: Lymphatic vessels eventually drain back to the heart, and is recirculated with each heart cycle. When the heart function is impaired, there is stasis of lymph in the lymphatic vessels. If left untreated, the lymphatic system may be impaired leading to lymphoedema. RISK FACTORS● Old age: With ageing, the lymphatic system degenerates, and it is no longer able to manage lymph as effectively as before. ● Unhealthy body weight/obesity: Excess fats place pressure on the lymphatic vessels, affecting their ability to drain lymph. The adipose tissue (fats) may even result in complete obstruction of the lymphatic vessels. Therefore, people who are suffering from obesity are at a high risk of developing lymphoedema. ● Rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis: Lymphoedema is a rare complication of these two forms of arthritis (joint inflammation disease). SYMPTOMSThese are some of the common signs you can look out for if you suspect you have lymphoedema. Do remember to seek swollen leg treatment, Singapore, if you have any of these symptoms. ● Swelling in the legs, particularly in the toes: These are the places where the lymph first accumulates when the lymphatic system is disrupted. ● Fatigue: The difficulty in movement due to lymphoedema can place a greater physical strain on you resulting in you being easily fatigued. ● Leakage of fluid through the skin: In severe cases of lymphoedema, patients may notice leakage of lymph fluid through the skin and staining their clothes. ● Feeling stiff, difficulty with basic movement: You may feel like your normal range of motion of the joints in the affected limb has become more limited due to the swelling. ● More occurrences of infections: The swelling of the limb causes the overlying skin to be stretched and unhealthy resulting in compromise of the skin protective barrier. This results in increased susceptibility to infections and poor healing of any wounds. ● Hardening/thickening of skin (fibrosis): As lymphoedema progresses, tissue fibres begin to form under the skin, resulting in leathery hardening of the skin over time. Other common symptoms include:● Burning/itching feeling● Heavy/aching feeling● Tightening of the skin● Chronic wounds Should you need lymphoedema/swollen leg treatment, Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is always available. Feel free to book an appointment with us today! Contact details have been included below: 6694 6270 (Call)9898 3595 (WhatsApp)enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Advanced vein treatment Singapore, Affordable vein treatment Singapore, Best varicose vein doctor Singapore, Chronic vein disease treatment, Endovenous therapy Singapore, Laser vein treatment Singapore, Leg vein therapy Singapore, Minimally invasive vein treatment, Non-surgical vein treatment, sclerotherapy Singapore, Singapore leg vein solutions, Singapore vascular treatment, Treat varicose veins Singapore, Trusted vein doctor Singapore, Varicose vein care Singapore, Varicose vein removal Singapore, varicose vein specialist Singapore, Varicose vein treatment Singapore, Varicose veins, varicose veins procedure singapore, Vascular surgery Singapore, Vein Clinic Singapore, Vein specialist Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Look no further! Read on to find out more about the condition, and the way it is treated. If you are looking for a varicose veins procedure (Singapore) that enables you to be treated for your condition, do not worry as there are many types of procedures available for you, all conducted by a varicose vein specialist (Singapore). In the human body, veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart, and in the legs, veins carry blood against gravity’s pull. The leg veins are able to move blood against gravity due to the presence of one-way valves within the vein which prevent the backflow of blood. A Varicose vein is a condition in which the veins are weakened, twisted and enlarged. They appear as dark blue or purple in colour, and in some cases, they cause the skin to bulge. There is also a milder type of varicose veins, known as spider veins. Looking for varicose vein treatment in singapore Causes Varicose veins is the condition in which the valves located in the veins have been weakened or damaged. As a result, blood is allowed to flow in the opposite direction, causing an abnormal blood flow, and causing the vein to be stretched and twisted. Varicose veins can happen to any vein in the body, but they commonly occur at the legs. This is because activities such as standing and walking causes increased pressure in the veins in the limbs, which can weaken or damage the valves in the veins. There are multiple factors that can increase the risk of developing varicose veins. They have been listed below:Age. Ageing can result in wear and tear of the valves in the veins. As a result, the valves in the veins are weakened, thus allowing the blood to flow in the opposite direction, causing varicose veins. Gender. Women are generally more likely to develop varicose veins, due to their hormonal changes during pregnancy and/or menopause, which causes the walls of the veins to be relaxed. This therefore leads to varicose veins. Pregnancy: During pregnancy, the volume of blood in the body increases, there is also pressure from the growing foetus on the blood flow in the pelvic region and legs, and also increased production of the hormone progesterone. All these factors result in increased pooling of blood in the pelvis and legs and makes it more difficult for the blood to travel against gravity back to the heart. Obesity: Being overweight causes increased pressure in the lower leg veins, which can damage and/or weaken the valves in your veins, thus resulting in varicose veins. Standing or sitting for long periods: When one sits or stands for long periods, blood pools in the leg veins, which can increase the pressure in the veins, causing them to stretch, resulting in varicose veins. Family history: There may be genetic factors influencing the likelihood of you having varicose veins. If many of your family members have had varicose veins, you may also have varicose veins in future. Symptom Although you could have varicose veins or spider veins without any symptoms, some people may feel pain because of their varicose veins. Spider veins are smaller and found close to the skin’s surface as compared to varicose veins. Spider veins can also appear on the face. Below is a list of possible signs and symptoms that you may experience if you have varicose veins: Visible dark purple or blue veins Veins that look twisted and bulging Pain and other symptoms from varicose veins include: Achy and/or heavy feeling in your limbs Muscle cramping, throbbing, and burning in your limbs Pain worsens after sitting or standing after long periods Itching around your veins Skin discolouration Treatment for Varicose Veins If you are looking for varicose vein treatment, Singapore has many types of treatment options available for you! Below is a list of varicose vein treatment options available, all of which are conducted by a varicose vein specialist (Singapore): Conservative non-surgical treatment Conservative non-surgical treatment makes use of tight compression socks, which would aid the flow of blood in the veins and alleviate the symptoms. This would also prevent the disease from progressing further. Traditional open surgery (High-tie and vein stripping) The vein is removed during an open surgery, where the surgeon will tie off the vein and the vein is then stripped down the leg. Minimally invasive varicose veins procedure SingaporeRadio Frequency Ablation (RFA)In radiofrequency ablation, radio waves are used to heat up the inner surface of the vein walls. This causes the varicose veins to seal off, thus causing blood to be directed to other healthy veins. It is a relatively safe and fast procedure and takes less than an hour to complete.  Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue ClosureThis procedure makes use of a small amount of medicine (Cyanoacrylate glue) to seal off the varicose vein, directing the blood flow to the other healthy veins. This is a very minimally invasive procedure that can be completed within half an hour. Clarivein™ Mechanochemical AblationThis procedure makes use of the mechanical and chemical closure of the varicose vein. Firstly, through the use of a special catheter that has a wire rotating at high speed, the inner walls of the varicose vein is stimulated. Then, at the same time, a sclerosant, a chemical that seals off veins, is injected into the vein. This is a relatively painless procedure that requires less local anaesthesia injections as compared to other procedures. Additionally, there is no risk of damaging the nearby blood vessels in this procedure as well, hence, it is relatively safe. Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs) This procedure is used to treat vascular malformations as well as varicose veins. It is also suitable for spider veins. CLaCs combine both transdermal laser and injection sclerotherapy using a chemical sclerosant (a chemical that seals off veins), while keeping the skin at a cool temperature of about -20℃. This process leaves minimal scarring and pigmentation, and is relatively painless. If you suspect you have varicose veins and if they are giving you problems, do seek medical attention immediately and undergo a varicose veins procedure (Singapore) today. If you are looking for varicose vein treatment (Singapore), head down to our clinic, the Vascular and Interventional Centre, located at Novena Specialist Centre Singapore to consult our varicose vein specialist (Singapore). Alternatively, you can contact us and book an appointment with one of our vascular specialists, by calling us at +65 6694 6270, or emailing us at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com. --- - Categories: Articles - Tags: Causes of varicose veins, Chronic venous insufficiency, Early signs of varicose veins, How varicose veins form, Leg vein discomfort, Leg vein problems Singapore, Poor circulation Singapore, Singapore vascular care, Singapore vein disorder guide, Swollen leg veins Singapore, Understanding varicose veins, Varicose vein information Singapore, Varicose vein prevention tips, Varicose vein risk factors, Varicose vein symptoms Singapore, Varicose Veins Doctor Singapore, Varicose Veins Singapore, Vascular issues in legs, Vein bulging legs Singapore, Vein health Singapore, What are varicose veins - Translation Priorities: Optional Why you might need to see a varicose veins doctor, Singapore Vascular & Interventional Centre. Vascular / An image of varicose veins on the leg. Taken from University of Utah Health. What are Varicose Veins? Varicose veins (Singapore) are blue or purple bulging, twisted veins which are mostly found on the lower body (legs and feet). They are usually not serious, but it is possible for them to cause pain and significant discomfort when inflamed or thrombosed. A milder version of varicose veins are spider veins, which are red, thinner veins found on the face and legs. Veins are responsible for transporting blood from the rest of the body to the heart, which means the blood in your leg veins and the lower half of your body has to travel against gravity to reach its destination. When the muscles in our legs contract, the contractions help pump the blood upwards. The valves in the veins open to allow the blood to flow towards the heart and close to prevent the blood from flowing back downwards (backflow or reflux). But if the valves are damaged or weakened, they will not be able to close properly and stop all the blood in the veins from flowing towards the legs. Faulty valves cause blood to pool in the veins in the legs, resulting in swelling or enlargement of the veins thus leading to varicose veins. Here are a few risk factors for developing varicose veins: Age As you get older, the valves in your veins become weaker due to wear and tear, hence it becomes easier for blood to collect in your legs and form varicose veins. Family history If your immediate family members have or previously had varicose veins, you are more likely to have them as well. Abnormal hormonal changes Progesterone is a hormone produced in high quantities during pregnancy. It has the effect of dilating (widening) blood vessels. The vein wall is especially sensitive to the effects of Progesterone and high levels of this hormone can weaken the vein wall and damage the valves leading to the development of varicose veins. Pregnancy The growing weight of a baby increases the pressure on the veins in your lower body, hence causing more blood to pool in the veins instead of flowing to the heart. Varicose veins caused by pregnancy may go away after three months to a year, or may persist if there is permanent damage to the valves in the vein. Inactivity for long periods of time When you stand or sit down for a long time, your legs don’t move enough for your blood to circulate effectively. This increases the likelihood of blood collecting in the veins in your legs and feet resulting in stretching of the vein wall and subsequent valve damage leading to varicose veins. If I have varicose veins (Singapore), what should I do? (treatment) If varicose veins do not affect your daily life to a significant extent, and does not cause you much pain, home treatment should be sufficient. Home treatment comprises: Physical activityExercise improves blood circulation, as blood has to flow in and out of the heart at a faster rate in order to transport enough oxygen to the muscles. Regularly doing light exercise such as walking, stretching and swimming is good as it poses less risk of physical injury while circulating the blood in the calf muscles. Compression stockingsCompression stockings are specially designed socks to reduce swelling and improve blood circulation. They are worn during the day but do not need to be kept on for an extremely long period of time (e. g. from breakfast until dinner). They have different lengths: above-knee or below-knee. People with thicker calf muscles usually opt for above-knee stockings as it is less tight and uncomfortable on their skin, and different types of compression stockings exert varying levels of pressure on the legs. You should consult a doctor to recommend the most suitable stockings for you based on the severity of your varicose veins. Elevation of the legs Propping the affected legs up on a higher surface will facilitate blood flow from the veins in the legs towards the heart, reducing the amount of blood trapped in the veins. Losing weight Losing weight will lessen the amount of pressure on the veins. This is not to say that you have to go on a rigorous exercise regime and diet, just that losing any weight might be helpful to lessen the pain caused by varicose veins. If home treatment proves ineffective and your varicose veins still cause a lot of pain, disrupting your daily routine and your time with loved ones, you may need to see a doctor. They will advise you on procedures available should you wish to opt for them. How do I know if varicose veins (Singapore) are a cause for concern? If you are experiencing these symptoms, you should get your varicose veins checked: Aching/heaviness in the legs Burning, throbbing, cramping or swelling in the lower legs Skin discolouration around enlarged, darker veins Itching around one or more veins Increased pain after not moving legs for a long time Your doctor will conduct a physical exam and take your medical and family history to determine if and how severe your varicose veins are. You may be required to take an ultrasound scan or an X-ray to confirm the results of the exam, per the doctor’s judgment. If needed, your doctor may offer you some procedure options: Litigation and stripping (surgery) This refers to the removal of the varicose vein, or at least the areas which have faulty valves. Two incisions are made in the targeted vein, one at each end of the portion which needs to be removed. The two ends are ligated (tied up) and an instrument is threaded through it; stripping the entire length of the varicose vein. You will be put under general anaesthetic for the operation. Laser treatment During laser treatment, a high-focus beam of light is aimed at the varicose vein and the extreme heat closes off the vein. Laser treatment can use either external or endovascular (under the skin) lasers, depending on the location of the varicose veins. If an endovascular laser is used, a thin and narrow tube (catheter) is inserted into the vein from a small incision (key-hole surgery). Glue treatment Depending on the position and the length of vein affected, you may be suitable for varicose vein ablation using medical grade “super-glue” (Cyanoacrylate glue). A fine catheter tube is introduced thru a small incision in the leg and the Cyanoacrylate glue is infused via the catheter into the varicose vein. The vein is sealed close by the glue and disappears after a few weeks. Stab avulsion Several small incisions are made along the leg, and the varicose vein is pulled out bit by bit through these cuts. Stitches are not needed. Where should I go? Most vascular clinics in Singapore should offer treatment for varicose veins. If you are looking for a varicose veins doctor, Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is an option for you! Our clinic offers all of the minimally invasive procedures stated above. Feel free to book an appointment with one of our specialists if you are looking for treatment and advice on this condition. --- - Categories: Blog - Tags: the Vascular & Interventional centre, Vascular centre Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional What is the vascular system? The vascular system, also known as the circulatory system, consists of the vessels that transport blood and lymph around the body. This circulatory system is an important passageway that allows for the movement of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, carbon dioxide and blood cells which are needed in maintaining important processes within the body. Without a healthy vascular system, our body will be unable to perform critical functions such as fighting against diseases, removing waste products and toxins from the body, and maintaining the overall healthy functioning of all our organs. Our vascular health is extremely important, and it is critical that we protect it in order to maintain a healthy body! Protecting our Vascular Health Did you know that in Singapore, cardiovascular diseases accounted for 31. 7% of all deaths in the year 2020 alone. This includes diseases such as heart attack and stroke, which are largely influenced by one’s vascular health. Here are some simple things we can do to protect our vascular health: Maintain a healthy blood pressureHigh blood pressure, also known as hypertension, causes hardening and narrowing of the blood vessels. This leads to an increased risk of heart attack, stroke and kidney failure. Regulating blood sugar levelsHigh levels of glucose in the blood (Diabetes Mellitus) can damage the walls of the blood vessels, by decreasing their elasticity and causing them to narrow, thus restricting the flow of blood. In addition, high blood glucose levels also weaken the immune system and reduces our ability to fight infections. Keep cholesterol levels lowKeeping cholesterol levels low is very important as high levels of cholesterol can influence the development of fatty deposits in our blood vessels. This can block the passageway of the blood vessels and result in an increased risk of diseases such as heart attack or stroke. Quit smokingCarbon monoxide and nicotine are two components in cigarettes that encourage the buildup of fatty deposits on arterial walls. As such, it is very important to refrain from or quit smoking, to maintain good vascular health. WalkingWalking promotes good blood circulation throughout the body, and this is especially essential for our vascular health. Regular walking exercise has been shown to result in better blood pressure control, reduced blood cholesterol and blood glucose and overall reduced risk of death from heart attack and strokes. Ensuring a healthy body weightObesity can lead to multiple health problems, including hypertension, diabetes and heart disease. It can also impair the flow of blood in the leg veins leading to increased risk of blood clots developing in the lower limbs (deep venous thrombosis). Signs of Poor Vascular Health Below are some signs of poor vascular health. Cold hands/feet due to poor blood circulation to the extremities of the body. Fatigue Poor blood circulation can also affect the body’s energy levels, causing one to feel tired. Swelling in the lower extremities Poor blood circulation can result in the accumulation of blood in the lower extremities of the body, thus causing swelling in the legs. Joint pain & muscle cramping Poor blood circulation affects the healthy functioning of the muscles and joints as oxygen and nutrients cannot reach the cells. This may manifest as frequent joint pain or muscle cramps. Varicose veins is a common condition whereby the veins in the legs are swollen and sometimes painful. It is a result of damage to the valves in the veins. Leg ulcers can be developed as a result of damage to the veins in the legs and/or poor circulation in the legs. If you are experiencing any signs of poor vascular health, do make a visit to a vascular centre. Singapore Vascular & Interventional Centre is here to help! Diseases linked to Poor Vascular Health: There are many diseases linked to poor vascular health, and it is very important to take care of your vascular health while you can. Below are some types of diseases which are linked to poor vascular health: Atherosclerosis The development of fatty deposits in the blood vessels, which overtime result in restricted blood flow. Arteriosclerosis The hardening of the arterial walls, causing them to lose their elasticity, resulting in poor blood flow within the body. Heart attack A heart attack is a condition where the coronary arteries that supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart become blocked, thus causing the heart muscles to die resulting in a heart attack. Aneurysm The ballooning (enlargement) of a blood vessel, most commonly caused by atherosclerosis and/or high blood pressure. Aneurysms can result in very serious health problems, such as stroke or life-threatening bleeding. Stroke There are mainly two causes of stroke, a blocked artery or the bursting of a blood vessel. Both causes are heavily related to one’s vascular health, and thus, it is extremely important to maintain good vascular health. If you think you are in need of a vascular centre, Singapore has a multitude of clinics that specialise in your vascular health, including our clinic, the Vascular & Interventional Centre Singapore. You may call us at +65 6694 6270 or email us at enquiry@sgvascularctr. com --- - Categories: Blog - Tags: Fibroids Singapore, Fibroids Treatment Singapore, UFE Singapore, Uterine Fibroids - Translation Priorities: Optional Having uterine fibroids, Singapore guide If I have uterine fibroids, can I still get pregnant? Will it affect my pregnancy? Will I have difficulties during childbirth? Should I get uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE, Singapore) or other fibroids treatment? Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is here for you. In this article we will explain how uterine fibroids can affect your ability to conceive and even cause problems during pregnancy and delivery. There are a few different types of uterine fibroids, and some of these fibroids will have a greater and more significant effect than others on fertility and pregnancy. Check out this article to find out more about the different types of uterine fibroids and their recommended treatment. WHAT IS FERTILITY? Fertility refers to the ability of a woman to become pregnant, carry a pregnancy and ultimately give birth. In women, fertility depends on the successful passage of sperm through the vagina, the uterus and to the fallopian tube; the implantation of a fertilised egg in the endometrium (wall) of the uterus, and the ability of the uterus to support the healthy development of a baby. Uterine fibroids can affect each of these factors and stages, thus reducing the fertility of a woman. HOW DO UTERINE FIBROIDS AFFECT FERTILITY/PREGNANCY? Narrowing Fertile Window A common symptom of uterine fibroids is menorrhagia, which is heavy and longer bleeding during monthly periods. This shortens the fertile time for sex, making it harder for a woman to conceive. Physical barrier to fertilisation & implantation Submucosal (partially in the uterine cavity), intracavitary (completely in the uterine cavity), and pedunculated (on a stalk) uterine fibroids may obstruct the passage of sperm from the vagina to the fallopian tube. Because the sperm are blocked from meeting the egg, the chances of fertilisation decreases. Even if fertilisation can occur, the uterine fibroids make it harder for the zygote (fertilised egg) to implant into the wall of the uterus. Distortion of the shape of female reproductive organs Subserosal fibroids (outside of the uterine cavity) could cause external compression of the fallopian tube or the ovary affecting the passage of sperm or egg along the reproductive tract and thus adversely affecting fertility. Pain/Red degeneration Uterine fibroids can cause significant pain during the second and third trimesters of a pregnancy. This occurs especially with large fibroids which may outgrow their blood supply. The fibroid tissue then starts to die leading to a process known as “red degeneration”. In some instances, it can also lead to miscarriage. Placental Abruption Placental Abruption refers to when the placenta tears away from the endometrium before the baby has fully developed. This deprives the baby of sufficient oxygen leading to miscarriage. It can also lead to heavy bleeding thus putting the life of both the mother and child at risk. Increase risk of miscarriage/preterm delivery Studies have shown that women with uterine fibroids are more likely to have a miscarriage, with the chance of miscarriage being 14% as compared to 7. 5% in women who do not have fibroids. Women with uterine fibroids are also more likely to deliver preterm (i. e. baby is born before 37 weeks of pregnancy) which can affect the health of the baby. Change position of baby (breech birth) Because uterine fibroids take up space in the uterus, the shape of the uterine cavity would be altered, which means that the positioning of the baby may end up being abnormal. Sometimes, there is less amniotic fluid for the baby to move in, which prevents the baby from getting into the headfirst position for delivery, which can then cause a difficult breech birth (feet or bottom first delivery). Obstruction of delivery Submucosal and intracavitary fibroids can narrow the cervical passage causing obstruction to the birth canal and making delivery much harder. Uterine fibroids may also prevent the walls of the uterus from contracting properly, making normal vaginal delivery difficult. Studies have shown that women with uterine fibroids are unfortunately 6 times more likely to need a C-section (Caesarean section) for delivery than women without uterine fibroids. There are a few different types of uterine fibroids, with the submucosal type having the highest impact on fertility followed by the intramural type. Small ( --- - Categories: Webinars - Tags: Educational webinar Singapore, ESG webinar Singapore, Female wellness webinar, Fibroid awareness event Singapore, Fibroid awareness Singapore, Fibroid care webinar Singapore, Fibroid treatment information, Gynecology event Singapore, Health talk uterine fibroids, Minimally invasive fibroid treatment, Non-surgical fibroid treatment webinar, Singapore women's health experts, UFE webinar Singapore, Uterine fibroid embolization info, Uterine fibroids webinar, Webinar on women’s wellness, Women's health event Singapore, Women's health webinar Singapore, Women's vascular health Singapore, Women’s health education Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional If you missed our Celebrating Women’s Health Webinar, or want to rewatch it, here are the video links to the recorded webinar sessions in partnership with ESG on Uterine Fibroid Embolisation by Dr Benjamin Chua and Benign Thyroid Nodules by Dr Manish Taneja. Uterine Fibroid Embolisation: To Cut or Not to Cut? by Dr Benjamin Chua https://youtu. be/eVF20SS4KZA Benign Thyroid Nodule: New Interventional Techniques for an Age Old Problem by Dr Manish Taneja https://youtu. be/rr64AIvi5wY --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Best treatment for veins Singapore, Chronic venous disease treatments, Common vein treatments Singapore, Endovenous ablation Singapore, Laser vein therapy Singapore, Leg vein procedures Singapore, Minimally invasive vascular procedures, Non-invasive vein solutions, Phlebectomy Singapore, Radiofrequency vein treatment, Sclerotherapy treatment Singapore, Singapore vein health solutions, Spider Veins, Types of vein treatments, Varicose vein options Singapore, Varicose veins, Vascular treatment Singapore, Vein care Singapore, Vein condition management Singapore, Vein stripping Singapore, Vein therapy options, Vein treatment procedures - Translation Priorities: Optional Curious about vein treatments? Visit the Vascular & Interventional Centre, a veins centre, Singapore, today! In the human body, veins transport deoxygenated blood from parts of the body back to the heart. In some cases, it is important that we seek veins treatment in Singapore, to prevent further complications which may or may not endanger our lives. However, before we dive into treatment, what are some common vein diseases? This includes vein diseases such as: Varicose veins. Varicose veins is a condition in which the valves in the veins have weakened, resulting in the backflow of blood in the veins, causing the veins to appear enlarged, bulging and twisted. This condition typically occurs in the leg, and patients may or may not experience any symptoms. This condition is mainly an aesthetic concern, so if you are worried about your condition, head down to a varicose veins doctor in Singapore, today! Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition whereby a blood clot has formed in the deep veins of the body, typically in the arms and/or legs. As a result, the flow of blood from the deep veins back to the heart decreases. If parts of the blood clot breaks off and travels to the lungs, this condition can also lead to a potentially fatal condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE). If you suspect you have this condition, do visit a veins centre in Singapore, and seek treatment for your condition as soon as possible to prevent further complications. Venous malformations. Venous malformations refer to the abnormal growth of veins in the body, causing the veins to appear as bluish, skin-coloured soft lumps under the skin. The malformation can bleed, invade into surrounding tissues/organs, develop pain and cause heart failure and are disfiguring. It is essential that you understand some of the common vein treatments offered for these conditions, as before you head down to seek veins treatment in Singapore, know what’s in store for you. Common vein treatments that are offered at the Vascular & Interventional Centre include: Embolisation. Embolisation is a minimally invasive procedure that involves the blocking of a blood vessel, preventing the flow of blood through the vessel. This procedure is typically used to treat vascular malformations. A catheter is inserted into a blood vessel at the groin through an incision in the groin area. Using fluoroscopy (a type of X-ray imaging), the catheter is then guided to the arteries leading to vascular malformations. Microspheres (small plastic particles) are injected through the catheter into the vascular malformation, filling up these blood vessels such that the blood flow through the vessel is blocked. Sclerotherapy. Sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive procedure that involves the injection of a medicine into a blood vessel, causing them to shrink. This procedure is typically used to treat varicose veins and spider veins. Sclerosant is injected into the blood vessel, damaging the walls of the blood vessel, causing it to be irritated. As a result, the blood vessel walls collapse, thus sticking together and causing blood to clot as well. . Thrombolysis. Thrombolysis is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to break up the blood clot(s) that are restricting the blood flow in the blood vessels, improving blood flow through the deep vein and preventing further complications. This treatment option is mostly used to treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, this procedure is only performed for extensive deep vein thrombosis cases that are about two weeks old. This procedure combines the use of both mechanical devices and medicine to dissolve the clots. Through a catheter, medicine is injected into the deep vein containing the clot. Through the injection of the medicine, the blood clot(s) are dissolved, restoring blood flow through the deep vein. Thereafter, your doctor may decide to use a stent to keep the widened blood vessel open. Radio frequency ablation (RFA). Radio frequency ablation makes use of radio waves to cause the sealing of varicose veins. This is a minimally invasive procedure that is mainly used for the treatment of varicose veins, and it is a relatively safe and fast procedure and takes less than an hour to be completed.   In radio frequency ablation, radio waves are used to heat up and damage the vein walls. As such, this causes scars on the walls of the varicose veins, and it is because of the scar tissues that the varicose veins seal off, thus causing blood to be directed to other healthy veins. Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure. This is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat varicose veins. This procedure makes use of a small amount of medicine to seal off the varicose vein, directing the blood flow to the other healthy veins, thus getting rid of the varicose veins. This is a very quick and safe procedure that can be completed within an hour. Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation. This is a minimally invasive procedure that makes use of the mechanical and chemical closure of the varicose vein. This procedure is used to treat mainly varicose veins and can also be completed within an hour. Firstly, through the use of a special catheter that has a wire rotating at high speed, the inner walls of the varicose vein are damaged. Then, at the same time, a sclerosant, a chemical that seals off veins, is also injected into the vein. This is a relatively painless procedure that requires less local anaesthesia injections as compared to other procedures. Additionally, there is no risk of damaging the nearby blood vessels in this procedure as well, hence, it is relatively safe. Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs). This is a minimally invasive procedure that is commonly used to treat vascular malformations as well as varicose veins. It is also suitable for spider veins. CLaCs combine both transdermal laser and injection sclerotherapy using a chemical sclerosant (a chemical that seals off veins), while keeping the skin at a cool temperature of about -20℃. This process leaves minimal scarring and pigmentation, and is relatively painless. If you are looking for treatment for any of the above conditions, such as varicose veins, it is best to speak to a doctor, such as a varicose vein doctor, Singapore, first to see which is the best treatment option for your condition. The Vascular & Interventional Centre is a veins centre, Singapore, and we provide the range of treatment options listed above for various vein diseases. Head down to our clinic at the Novena Specialist Centre today to receive veins treatment, Singapore! Contact us with the details below: +65 6694 6270 (Call) +65 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-19 8 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 REFERENCES https://www. cirse. org/patients/ir-procedures/embolisation-for-vascular-malformations/ https://www. webmd. com/skin-problems-and-treatments/cosmetic-procedures-sclerotherapy --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: How To Prevent Gangrene, PAD - Translation Priorities: Optional Causes, Types, Symptoms, and Risk Factors Gangrene is the death of body tissue caused by poor circulation that results from the lack of blood flow and/or severe infection by bacteria. Gangrene usually occurs in the arms and the legs, but it may also happen internally and spread throughout your body. The sooner you diagnose your gangrene and receive treatment for it, the more likely you are to recover. Finding out how to prevent gangrene is the first step to avoiding its detrimental symptoms. CAUSES OF GANGRENE These are the 3 main causes of gangrene, and they may come about due to other underlying conditions you have. Poor circulation: Firstly, a lack of good blood supply deprives your body cells of the oxygen and nutrients they need to survive. After a while, the whole tissue dies. Bacterial infection: Bacteria tend to infect untreated wounds, and they produce toxins and gas and cause the death of the tissue. This is also the main cause of gas gangrene. Traumatic Injury: Severe injuries lead to deep and large wounds that allow bacteria to enter the body. If the bacteria continue to be left untreated, gangrene is likely to occur. TYPES OF GANGRENE There are various types of gangrene, but all types have to be treated immediately to prevent deterioration to a fatal stage. Dry gangrene: the type of gangrene that most commonly occurs with people who have diabetes, vascular conditions (eg. atherosclerosis) or autoimmune diseases. As the name suggests, the skin will be very dry and shriveled. The skin may also appear brown, purplish-blue, or black. Dry gangrene usually does not involve a serious infection, however, should it become seriously infected your condition will progress to become a type of wet gangrene. Wet gangrene: Refers to gangrene that has associated bacterial infection. The skin tends to blister and swell, secreting pus that gives the wound a wet appearance. It tends to develop in diabetic patients when they injure themselves unknowingly due to neuropathy (numbness, inability to feel pain in certain areas). The infection from wet gangrene may spread to other parts of the body. Gas gangrene: This is a type of wet gangrene that usually affects the deep muscle tissue and internal organs. As a result, you may not notice anything from the surface of your skin at first. However, as the condition gets progressively worse, your skin will eventually turn grey or purplish-red. It is caused by the bacteria clostridia, which releases poison and gas that gets trapped under your skin, leading to a crackling sound when you touch your skin. Gas gangrene is very rare, but it is very deadly and can cause death in 48 hours. Internal gangrene: affects your organs, like your intestines, colon, appendix and gallbladder. It occurs when blood flow to that particular organ is cut off, for example because of hernia (when organ bulges through the muscular wall) or when the intestines are twisted. Fournier's gangrene: This is a gangrene of the genital area, and is the infection of either the genitals or the urinary tract. Men are affected by Fournier’s gangrene more often than women, however in general, Fournier’s gangrene is rare. SYMPTOMS OF GANGRENE Dry gangrene Shrivelled skinPainCold, hard and numb skin Wet gangrene Skin discoloration (Red, brown, purple, blue, greenish-black, or black skin) A line between healthy and damaged skin Blisters or sores with discharge (pus) Swelling and pain Fever A crackling noise when you press on the skin Thin, shiny, or hairless skin If the infection spreads throughout your body, you will go into septic shock. These are the symptoms of septic shock: ConfusionLow blood pressureLightheadednessFeverRapid heart rateShortness of breath RISK FACTORS Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can damage nerves, especially those in the toes or the feet. This means that diabetic patients may get injured without knowing it, leading to the wounds being neglected or left untreated. This leaves room for gangrene to develop. The high blood sugar levels also cause arteriosclerosis (hardening and thickening of the arterial walls), obstructing blood flow and leading to poor circulation. This is also a major cause of gangrene. Diabetes can also cause a patient to be immunocompromised and so prone to injections. Gangrene tends to be serious in diabetic patients, so knowing how to prevent gangrene while living with diabetes is crucial. Narrowed arteries (atherosclerosis): Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of fats and other substances in the blood vessels, narrowing the lumen (opening) of the blood vessel and impeding blood flow. This therefore leads to a lack of oxygen and nutrients in certain tissues or organs. Peripheral artery disease: This refers to atherosclerosis happening, which narrows the arteries as mentioned above. Smoking: Carbon monoxide and nicotine from smoking encourage the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries (atherosclerosis) and arterial walls also harden over time. All these results in poor circulation. Serious frostbite: Frostbite reduces circulation in that area. Obesity: Usually leads to other vascular related conditions such as diabetes and atherosclerosis that in turn cause gangrene. Raynaud's phenomenon: This refers to the narrowing of the blood vessels that supply your skin with blood. Most commonly, it is the fingers that lack oxygen and begin to have gangrene. Immunosuppression: Essentially this means that your immune system is weakened, and hence cannot fight infection the way it should usually be able to. If you have any of the conditions or fall under the category of the above risk factors, please come book an appointment with the Vascular and Interventional Centre to have a consultation with our specialists, Dr. Benjamin Chua and Dr. Manish Taneja. Contact us with the details below: +65 6694 6270 (Call) +65 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-19 8 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 REFERENCES https://www. webmd. com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/gangrene-causes-symptoms-treatments --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: All about vascular disease, Artery and vein health Singapore, Blood vessel treatment Singapore, Circulatory system conditions, Dr Ben Chu, Dr Ben Chua, Endovascular care Singapore, Guide to vascular conditions, Peripheral artery disease guide, Singapore vascular doctor, Singapore vascular guide, Vascular & interventional centre, Vascular and interventional centre, Vascular care Singapore, Vascular diagnosis Singapore, Vascular disease overview, Vascular guide Singapore, Vascular health resource Singapore, Vascular health Singapore, Vascular Intervention, Vascular Interventional Physicians, Vascular Interventional Treatments in Singapore, Vascular services Singapore, Vascular Singapore, Vascular specialist Singapore, Vascular symptoms and causes, Vascular treatment options Singapore, Vein disorders Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional Vascular health and Vascular intervention (treatment) VASCULAR HEALTH Vascular health is an essential part of your overall health but is often overlooked. It refers to the health of your vascular system, comprising arteries and veins that run throughout your body, carrying blood to your different organs. As such, your vascular health can have an impact on many areas of your body. In order to protect your vascular health and even improve it, have a healthy diet to maintain low blood cholesterol, exercise regularly to encourage good circulation, maintain a healthy weight and avoid smoking. These are just a few ways that you can allow yourself a happier, more comfortable life. VASCULAR CONDITIONS/DISEASES Vascular diseases are any abnormal state of your blood vessels, applying to both arteries and veins. Vascular conditions can be divided into 3 main categories, arterial diseases, vein diseases, and vascular malformations. Listed below are examples for each of these categories. Arterial diseases Stroke Brain aneurysm Carotid artery disease Peripheral arterial disease Aortic aneurysm Aortic dissection Vein diseases Deep vein thrombosis Varicose veins Vascular malformations  Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) Venous malformations (VM) Lymphovenous malformations (LVM) Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Hemangioma These conditions range from causing slight discomfort to posing a possible threat to your life. Should you be suffering from any of the above conditions, vascular intervention could be an option for you to regain your vascular health and give you back the quality of life. VASCULAR INTERVENTION/TREATMENTS The field of vascular intervention has evolved to consist of minimally-invasive day procedures that involve the vascular system. There are two main types of treatment approaches and desired outcomes: firstly improving blood flow (remove blockages/atherosclerosis) and reducing blood flow (embolisation, radiofrequency ablation). Coiling: a technique where a small incision is made in the groin to access a blood vessel, through which small catheters and wires are put, and are ultimately coiled in the aneurysm. This blocks off the aneurysm and stops blood flow to it. The recovery period from this procedure is short (1-2 days if the aneurysm is unruptured). The procedure is also safer than the traditional open surgery method of clipping the aneurysm to cut off the blood supply. Angioplasty & Stenting: Used to widen the blood vessel and restore good circulation through it. The procedure involved inserting a catheter into the blood vessel, and then inserting a balloon through it. When the balloon is inflated, it widens the arteries, and the stent can then be placed into the artery to prevent it from narrowing again. Angioplasty and Stenting are used in conjunction with many other vascular surgical procedures, and can be used to treat conditions like stroke, ministrokes (Transient Ischemic Attack), Carotid artery disease, and Peripheral Artery Disease. EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR): Very similar to stenting, except that the stents are covered with an impermeable fabric. Hence, this is also known as covered stents-grafts. Because it is a minimally invasive procedure, EVAR can be done under local anaesthesia or mild sedation. EVAR can be used to treat an aortic aneurysm. A covered stent is inserted through a small incision into the site of the aneurysm under guidance by x-rays (fluoroscopy). This excludes the aneurysm from the blood circulation, relieving blood pressure and minimising the chances of the aneurysm rupturing. Thrombolysis: Refers to the removal of blood clots by the combined use of mechanical devices and certain medicine to dissolve the clots. This procedure is performed for deep vein thrombosis if the condition has been present for less than 2 weeks. Stenting may be used with thrombolysis to keep the blood vessels open. Embolisation: This is a procedure commonly used to treat uterine fibroids and osteoarthritis. Although these are both not vascular diseases, the treatment is vascular in nature. During arterial embolisation, small particles are injected into the target blood vessel to block it. Radiofrequency Ablation: Radio waves are used to heat up and damage the wall of the blood vessel. In the case of varicose veins, this is to cause scarring on the walls of the veins. The scar tissue closes the vein and blood is diverted to other healthy veins, thus causing the varicose veins to disappear. This procedure can also be used on nerves as a pain management treatment. VensealTM/VenaBlock Glue Closure: This is a medical adhesive product that also helps to close the varicose veins, rerouting the blood to healthy veins nearby, relieving you of the pain caused by the varicose veins. ClariveinTM/Mechanochemical Ablation: This procedure involves a combination of mechanical and chemical closure of the vein when used to treat varicose veins. A catheter is inserted to damage the inner layer of the vein. Simultaneously, a sclerosant (chemical that seals off veins) is also injected. There is no risk of damage to surrounding blood vessels with this technique. Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs): This procedure is used to treat both vascular malformations and varicose veins. It combines transdermal laser and injection sclerotherapy using a chemical sclerosant, while keeping the skin cool at a temperature of -20℃. For certain conditions, once it has progressed to become very severe, the only option available may be an open surgery. These are 2 vascular open surgeries, but the list is non-exhaustive. Endarterectomy: This is the traditional treatment method for Carotid Artery Disease. An incision is made in the neck to directly access the carotid artery, and the plaque or build-up in the artery is surgically removed to restore unobstructed flow through the artery again. Bypass surgery: General term that refers to using one of your native blood vessels or an artificial graft to direct the blood flow around the blocked blood vessel, such that circulation improves. This is used to treat peripheral artery disease, if stenting and angioplasty are not successful. The Vascular & Interventional Centre has two in-house vascular interventional physicians, Dr. Benjamin Chua and Dr. Manish Taneja, who has specialised in vascular radiology and vascular surgery. If you are looking for vascular interventional treatments in Singapore, feel free to book an appointment at the Vascular and Interventional Centre today! Dr. Benjamin Chua and Dr. Manish Taneja will be happy to give you a consultation. Contact us with the details below: +65 6694 6270 (Call) +65 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-19 8 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 REFERENCES 1https://vascularcures. org/what-is-vascular-disease/ --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Carotid Arterial Disease, Peripheral Arterial Disease, the Vascular & Interventional centre, Vascular centre Singapore - Translation Priorities: Optional The Vascular & Interventional Centre is a vascular centre in Singapore, with specialists like Dr. Benjamin Chua and Dr Chen Min Qi who treat conditions ranging from artery diseases to cancer. Listed below are the conditions that the Vascular and Interventional Centre offers treatment for. ARTERY DISEASES StrokeTransient Ischemic Attack (TIA)TIA is a type of stroke that lasts for only a few minutes, typically due to a temporary block in the blood flow towards the brain. Ischemic StrokeIschemic stroke is a stroke whereby there is a block in the blood flow towards the brain, caused by blockages in the blood vessels. Hemorrhagic strokeHemorrhagic stroke is a stroke caused by bleeding in the brain due to a burst blood vessel. Brain AneurysmBrain aneurysm is the ballooning of a blood vessel in the brain which if left untreated, there is a risk of rupturing and can cause stroke and eventually, death. Carotid Artery Disease (CAD)CAD occurs when one or two of the main neck arteries that supply blood to the neck and brain are blocked due to fatty deposits. These blockages increase the risk of stroke, as it reduces or blocks the blood flow to the brain. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)PAD occurs when the blood vessels that supply blood to the limbs narrow, commonly due to the buildup of fatty deposits in the blood vessels. Aortic Aneurysm (AA)AA is the ballooning of the aorta, the largest artery in the human body. There are 3 types of AA classified by where it occurs. Thoracic AA (occurs in the chest)Abdomen AA (occurs in the abdomen)Thoracoabdominal AA (occurs in both the chest and the abdomen)It can be dangerous to leave AAs untreated, as overtime, there is a risk of bursting, which can result in internal bleeding and eventually, death. VEIN DISEASES Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)DVT is a disease where blood clots have been formed in a deep vein, typically below the knees in the legs or in the forearm. However, patients who have developed DVT at areas nearer the heart are at greater risk of pulmonary embolism. Varicose veinsVaricose veins is a condition whereby the valves in the veins have been weakened or damaged. As a result, blood is allowed to flow in the opposite direction. Generally, varicose veins appear blue or purple in colour and occur in the legs as enlarged and twisted veins. VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) AVM occurs when blood vessels in the body develop incorrectly, where veins and arteries grow in place of capillaries. Venous malformations (VM) VM refers to the abnormal development of veins in the body. They can often be seen as enlarged, tangled veins, and they may appear as bluish or skin coloured soft lumps under the skin. Lymphovenous malformations (LVM) LVM are rare, non-malignant masses consisting of fluid-filled channels or spaces caused by the abnormal development of the lymphatic system. They can appear at any part of one’s body and can potentially cause the functional impairment of nearby organs and/or structures and the disfigurement of affected areas. Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Dural Arteriovenous Fistula occurs when there are abnormal connections that have formed between the arteries and the veins in the brain or spinal cord. They result in congestion in the brain’s venous system, which can eventually lead to brain dysfunction. Hemangioma Hemangiomas appear as a bright red birthmark on infants, and are caused due to the extra growth of blood vessels under the skin. They can occur anywhere on the body, and will typically disappear by age 10. However, you should seek treatment if they still persist once. ACCESS FOR KIDNEY DIALYSIS For patients who require kidney dialysis, our clinic, the Vascular & Interventional Centre, provides procedures for patients to obtain vascular access for hemodialysis. Vascular access refers to the process where a tube is inserted into the patient’s bloodstream to allow for easy access to their veins. There are three types of vascular access: Tunneled Dialysis Catheter (PermCath) Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) Arteriovenous Graft (AVG) MEN’S HEALTH Erectile dysfunction Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve and maintain an erection firm enough to have sexual intercourse. Benign prostate hyperplasia Benign prostate hyperplasia occurs when the prostate in a male’s body becomes enlarged. However, this condition is not cancerous. Varicocele Varicocele is the enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, which is the loose bag of skin that holds your testicles. This condition can result in the low production of sperm or low sperm count. WOMEN’S HEALTH Uterine fibroids Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that are common in women. Fibroids can cause pelvic pain and heavy menstrual flow. Pelvic congestion syndrome Pelvic congestion syndrome is a condition which affects women, and causes chronic pelvic pain. They are generally caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen, pelvis and around the womb. BENIGN TUMOURS AND CANCERS Thyroid Nodules Thyroid nodules are a condition where solid or fluid-filled lumps form at the thyroid, the gland located at the base of one’s neck. Uterine fibroids Liver and Kidney tumours and cancers LEG SWELLING Lymphoedema Lymphoedema is a condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of lymph (a fluid which carries essential substances such as water, proteins, white blood cells, fats etc) in the limbs. This condition results in swelling in the limbs. PAIN MANAGEMENT Our pain management doctors at our vascular centre Singapore treat various conditions. WEIGHT LOSS For overweight patients who have found it particularly hard to achieve weight loss, our clinic provides treatment for those who have difficulty in decreasing their body mass. Maintaining a healthy body mass is extremely important, as increased body mass is often associated with multiple health diseases, such as stroke and heart attack. If you want to know more about the treatments we provide for these conditions, head down to our clinic, at The Vascular & Interventional Centre. Contact us with the details below: +65 6694 6270 (Call) +65 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-19 8 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 REFERENCES https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/carotid-artery-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20360519 https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/varicose-veins/symptoms-causes/syc-20350643 https://www. hopkinsmedicine. org/health/conditions-and-diseases/arteriovenous-malformations https://kidshealth. org/en/parents/venous-malformations. html https://rarediseases. org/rare-diseases/lymphatic-malformations/ https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/dural-arteriovenous-fistulas/symptoms-causes/syc-20364280 https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/hemangioma/symptoms-causes/syc-20352334 https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/erectile-dysfunction/symptoms-causes/syc-20355776 https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/varicocele/symptoms-causes/syc-20378771 https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-nodules/symptoms-causes/syc-20355262 https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/lymphedema/symptoms-causes/syc-20374682 --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Radiofrequency ablation, Radiofrequency ablation for pain treatment Singapore, Radiofrequency for pain treatment Singapore, Thyroid Ablation - Translation Priorities: Optional All you need to know about using radiofrequency for pain treatment. Singapore clinics have applied radiofrequency in neurotomy, which is an established method for treating pain. It is a minimally invasive procedure that can be conducted during the day without an overnight stay. WHAT IS IT? Radiofrequency ablation for pain treatment in Singapore involves the use of radio waves to treat specific nerves. This inhibits the nerves and prevents them from sending out pain signals, providing relief from chronic pain that has not been/cannot be alleviated through other means, like physiotherapy, medications, or surgery. More than 70% of people that receive radiofrequency ablation experience pain relief. The pain relief can last anywhere from 6-12 months, and in certain cases, the effects may even last for years. HOW IS IT DONE? Before you can undergo radiofrequency ablation for pain treatment in Singapore, your doctor may conduct some tests on you to determine the nerve responsible for your pain, and check that these nerves can be targeted with this procedure. This will be done by injecting small amounts of numbing medicine to places where you feel pain, to see if your pain significantly reduces. These same spots will be used for the radiofrequency ablation, such that the best outcome can be achieved from the procedure. During radiofrequency ablation, a needle is inserted into the area where you are feeling the pain, through the skin to the nerves. The radio waves are then turned on there, as shown in the diagram. Most of the time, local anaesthesia will be administered to the site of the injection, and you will remain conscious during the surgery. This allows for frequent check-ins throughout the procedure so that we can determine the effectiveness of the radiofrequency treatment. Very often, radiofrequency ablation is done in conjunction with other imaging techniques (eg. CT/X-ray scans). This allows the doctor to better locate the site for the injection and guide the needle to the exact area where you feel pain. After radiofrequency ablation, you may feel a bit of weakness or numbness at the site of insertion due to the local anaesthesia. This should only last a few hours. Following that, you should experience less pain than you did before the radiofrequency ablation. WHEN SHOULD I GET RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION? Most commonly, radiofrequency ablation is used to treat lower back pain, as well as hip, neck, and knee pain, with the aim of reducing the discomfort you feel. Arthritis pain can also be relieved using this technique. Do note that this is not a permanent solution to chronic pain, but it can grant you comfort and a better quality of life. PROS OF RADIOFREQUENCY FOR PAIN TREATMENT, SINGAPORE Day surgery, no need for overnight stay post-surgery Low-risk surgery that is very safe Effective in providing relief from pain for a long time Can resume normal daily activities after 24 hours RISKS OF RADIOFREQUENCY FOR PAIN TREATMENT, SINGAPORE Infection and bleeding at the site of insertion (rare) If you are trying to find a place that offers radiofrequency ablation for pain treatment, Singapore Vascular Interventional Centre is able to provide this for you! Feel free to book an appointment with us today to consult our specialists, Dr. Benjamin Chua and Dr. Manish Taneja. Contact us with the details below: 6694 6270 (Call) 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-19 8 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 REFERENCES https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/radiofrequency-neurotomy/about/pac-20394931 https://www. webmd. com/arthritis/radiofrequency-ablation https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/treatments/17411-radiofrequency-ablation https://www. alleviatepainclinic. com/radiofrequency-ablation/cooled-radiofrequency-ablation/ --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Fibroid, Fibroids, UFE - Translation Priorities: Optional Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Causes, symptoms, and prevention of uterine fibroids, explained. How to tell if you need uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE, Singapore). CAUSES Uterine fibroids are common benign tumours that develop in women. These are some of the common causes of uterine fibroids, Singapore: High levels of oestrogen and progesterone: This is the first major cause of uterine fibroid development. Levels of these hormones tend to be higher in pregnant, breastfeeding, and perimenopausal (time period approaching menopause) women. One’s diet can also increase the levels of oestrogen and progesterone. Higher levels of these 2 hormones stimulate the growth of uterine fibroids. Vitamin D deficiency: Studies on an Asian demographic have shown that there is a greater prevalence of uterine fibroids among women who have deficient (65. 57%) or insufficient (55. 73%) vitamin D levels, as compared to among women who have sufficient levels (42. 24%). Hence, it has been concluded that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of a person developing uterine fibroids. Excessive alcohol consumption: Alcohol has been found to increase the risk of uterine fibroids in a few ways. Firstly, alcohol can increase the level of oestrogen, which as mentioned earlier, tends to stimulate the growth of uterine fibroids. Secondly, Vitamin D levels are decreased upon consumption of alcohol, which is an important regulator of uterine fibroids. The levels of growth factors TGF-β3 and IGF-1 as well as cytokines also increase with alcohol consumption, and together they raise the risk of developing uterine fibroids. Heredity: certain genotypes (referring to the genetic makeup of a person) are more prone to developing. An indicator of your risk would be whether your mother or sisters have had a history of fibroids. Very often, uterine fibroids run in the family. RISK FACTORS Risk factors refer to some common observations that have been associated with a higher risk of uterine fibroid development. Many of these factors have been determined by correlation in studies Older age: As women become older, the risk of developing uterine fibroids becomes higher. During the time period approaching menopause and through menopause, fibroids tend to grow more quickly. This generally happens between 30 years to 40 years old. Onset of menstruation at an early age: In a previous study done, a relationship between the age at menarche (first menstrual period) and the risk of uterine fibroids was discovered. They determined that an increased risk of uterine fibroids is associated with a young age at menarche that is 11 years old and below, as compared to the mean age at menarche (12–13 years). When the age at menarche is above 13 years old, the risk of developing fibroids is lower. This same relationship was observed for the risk of developing multiple uterine fibroids versus a single fibroid. Essentially, the risk of developing fibroids of a greater number is higher when the onset of menstruation has occurred at an early age. No pregnancy history/Not having children: Nulliparous individuals (person who has never had a live delivery) would have experienced more uninterrupted menstrual cycles. As a result, the female hormone levels are more optimal for fibroid growth as compared to women who have given birth before. Obesity and higher body weight: A person is considered obese if they’re more than 20% over the healthy body weight. People who are obese tend to have a higher circulating level of oestrogen, which then stimulates the growth of uterine fibroids. SYMPTOMS OF UTERINE FIBROIDS Sometimes, even when you do have fibroids, you may have little to no symptoms. However, should you have any of the symptoms below, you should seek fibroids treatment, Singapore, to allow yourself to continue living with quality of life. Abnormal menstrual cycle (heavy or frequently occurring): As a result of excessive bleeding, iron deficiency anaemia can be caused. This can in turn cause the presence of symptoms like extreme tiredness, dizziness, fainting, headaches, chest pain and shortness of breath (non-exhaustive). Although doctors have not confirmed how fibroids cause excessive bleeding (Menorrhagia), there are a few theories behind this common symptom. Fibroids can cause abnormal production of hormones, which affects the action of the uterus’ smooth muscles, therefore changing blood flow. Submucosal fibroids (embedded in the wall of the uterus) also cause the endometrium (wall of the uterus) to have a greater exposed surface area, which causes increased bleeding. Painful bleeding during menstrual periods: Fibroids place pressure on the uterine lining, which presses on nerves and hence causes pain. Additionally, fibroids caused heavier periods as mentioned above, and hence with every contraction is stronger to expel more blood through the narrow cervix. Pain and bleeding during or after sexual intercourse: This occurs especially if the fibroids are located near the cervix. Fibroids alter the shape of the uterus and distort it, which makes the woman more prone to pain when pressure is applied. 10 Such pressure is present during sexual intercourse, which can cause mild discomfort to intense pain depending on the individual. Bloating: Especially when fibroids grow in clusters, they cause the expansion of the abdominal cavity resulting in swelling that is visible. This can also cause weight gain which cannot be lost by exercise, and hence unexplained weight gain is also a symptom of fibroids. Acute or severe pelvic and lower back pain: Fibroids may press or pinch the nerves around these two areas, especially since fibroids extending from the uterus can be quite close to the spinal cord, a central nervous system of the body. Constipation, frequent urination: Fibroids pressing on your bladder reduce its capacity to hold urine, hence leading to more frequent urination and urinary incontinence. When the fibroids press on the colon from the back of the uterus, they affect the normal movements of the bowel, which then causes constipation and more painful passing of stool. PREVENTION OF UTERINE FIBROIDS In reality, there is no guaranteed method to prevent uterine fibroids, however there are some diet and lifestyle changes that can be made to reduce the risk of uterine fibroids. These are some ways that this can be done: Maintain healthy weight through regular exercise. This reduces the chances of obesity which has been determined as a factor increasing the risk of uterine fibroids. Eat vitamin D and fibre-rich foods. Vitamin D supplementation decreases the size of the fibroids should they develop, also decreases the risk of the fibroids developing in the first place. Cruciferous vegetables are examples of foods that are vitamin and fibre-rich. Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, collard greens, kale, and turnips are all cruciferous vegetables. Reduce sugar in your diet, and eat high sugar foods in moderation. This is because simple carbohydrates like sugar can potentially trigger the growth of fibroids. Cut down alcohol consumption. Avoid oestrogen increasing/mimicking foods in high amounts. Foods like red meat, soybeans, soy milk, tofu, and flaxseed can have negative effects when too much is consumed. For all things related to uterine fibroids, Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre can provide for you. If you are concerned about and identify with any of the above symptoms, feel free to book an appointment with our doctors, Dr Benjamin Chua and Dr Manish Taneja, so that we can conduct a comprehensive check on you. Fibroids treatment, Singapore, is very much available and uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE, Singapore) has been proven effective, so do not worry.  Contact us with the details below: +65 6694 6270 (Call) +65 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-19 8 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 REFERENCES https://www. osmosis. org/answers/leiomyoma-of-uterus https://www. womenshealth. gov/a-z-topics/uterine-fibroids#:~:text=There%20are%20factors%20that%20can,After%20menopause%2C%20fibroids%20usually%20shrink. https://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC3727338/ https://www. researchgate. net/publication/336548122_Alcohol_Consumption_and_Risk_of_Uterine_Fibroids https://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC4793163/ https://pubmed. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/1802214/#:~:text=Obesity%20is%20associated%20with%20many,to%20be%20influenced%20by%20estrogens. https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/iron-deficiency-anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355034 https://www. everydayhealth. com/womens-health/free-yourself-from-fibroid-pain. aspx https://www. usafibroidcenters. com/uterine-fibroid-symptoms/pain-during-sex/#:~:text=Why%20Do%20Fibroids%20Cause%20Pain,can%20also%20be%20a%20factor.  https://fibroids. com/fibroid-symptoms/ https://journals. sagepub. com/doi/full/10. 1177/0300060520923492 --- - Categories: Blog - Translation Priorities: Optional Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Why you might need fibroids treatment, Singapore. WHAT ARE UTERINE FIBROIDS? Uterine fibroids are a common condition among women. It occurs when benign or non-cancerous tumours develop in the uterus. In fact, by the age of 35, 40-50% of women have had uterine fibroids at some point in their lives. If that is you, we, the Vascular and Interventional Centre, are here for you! There is nothing to worry about as there are effective and established methods for treating and removing these uterine fibroids. Also, these growths are very rarely cancerous, with only one in 350 people having uterine fibroids that transform into a malignant or cancerous tumors. The risk is therefore low and your condition can usually be treated easily with uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE, Singapore). More specifically, uterine fibroids are excess growths from the myometrium, which is the muscular tissue of the uterus. Most of the time, the growth of uterine fibroids is stimulated by the female hormone oestrogen. There are many different variations to the way uterine fibroids can appear, either as a single fibroid or as a cluster consisting of multiple fibroids. As such, the size, location and number of fibroids in your uterus is never fixed, so treatment options have to be considered on a case to case basis, tailored to your situation and symptoms. There are a few common symptoms that you could be aware of, as indicators that you may have uterine fibroids. For example, excessive and painful bleeding during menstruation (menorrhagia), lower back pain, bloating, constipation, and frequent urination. TYPES OF UTERINE FIBROIDS There are 5 main types of uterine fibroids, namely intracavity, intramural, pedunculated, submucosal and subserosal, as seen in the image below. Depending on their location and type, fibroids can cause different symptoms. Intracavitary fibroids: these uterine fibroids have grown almost completely into the uterine cavity. Because of their position, intracavitary uterine fibroids tend to be associated with infertility, by physically blocking sperm as it travels to the fallopian tubes. Intramural fibroids: these uterine fibroids are found within the walls of the uterus. This type of uterine fibroids is the most harmless to your body. Because they do not act as physical barriers for fertilisation or implantation within the uterine cavity, their effect on fertility is quite minimal. However, like all uterine fibroids, they require a blood supply to keep growing, and hence the circulation of blood around the uterus is affected to sustain the growth of these uterine fibroids. This blood supply is taken from the uterine artery, which could mean that other organs supplied by the uterine artery may receive less blood. The endometrium (wall of the uterus) itself would also be less vascularised, which means fewer blood vessels would be supplying it with blood, and this could potentially affect the uterus’ ability to support a healthy pregnancy. Pedunculated fibroids: these uterine fibroids are either found in the uterus or outside of the uterus, attached to the uterine tissue by an elongated stalk. If these uterine fibroids are twisted because of any sudden movements you make, severe pain may be experienced. Submucosal fibroids: these uterine fibroids grow partially into the uterine cavity from the walls of the uterus. They lie right under the lining of the uterine cavity. They can cause infertility in women in the same way that intracavitary uterine fibroids do. Subserosal fibroids: these are uterine fibroids that grow partially out of the uterus from the walls of the uterus, and are the most common type of uterine fibroids. These have a lesser effect on fertility, but they can cause some discomfort by placing pressure on your nerves around the area. Sometimes, they develop and stalk and become pedunculated uterine fibroids. DIAGNOSIS OF UTERINE FIBROIDS In order to determine whether you have uterine fibroids or not, ultrasound scans and MRIs can be used to accurately diagnose. Ultrasound scans involve soundwaves as an imaging technique to better visualise the position of uterine fibroids in your uterus. A gel is first applied to your abdominal area to minimise the air spaces between the transducer (scanner) and your skin, such that a clearer image can be obtained at the end of the scan. This is needed as ultrasound does not travel very well through the air, and without the gel, the final images would not be clear. This is a simple procedure that should take around 20 to 30 minutes. Alternatively, a transvaginal ultrasound may also be conducted. MRI scans are radiation-free and involve the use of magnetic waves to visualise the pelvis and uterus. Results are more detailed than that of ultrasound scans and also involve the use of larger equipment. This procedure is completely safe and harmless, so you should not experience any discomfort at all. Your doctor will advise you on the most suitable method of diagnosis for you, such that there is minimal risk posed to your health. Always remember to consult a medical professional for confirmation of your personal health situation, and avoid self-diagnosis. Although your quality of life may not be affected by the presence of certain types of uterine fibroids, you should get them assessed regularly such that the doctor can keep track of whether the uterine fibroids are growing larger. Treatment is recommended if you start displaying symptoms and have discomfort that affects your daily activities. As mentioned earlier, fibroids treatment, Singapore, usually refers to Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE, Singapore). If you have been diagnosed and would like to receive treatment for uterine fibroids, Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre is here for you. Feel free to book an appointment with our doctors, Dr Benjamin Chua and Dr Manish Taneja. Contact us with the details below: +65 6694 6270 (Call) +65 9898 3595 (WhatsApp) enquiry@sgvascularctr. com (Email) Novena Specialist Centre #06-08, 16-19 8 Sinaran Drive, Singapore 307470 REFERENCES https://www. nuh. com. sg/Health-Information/Diseases-Conditions/Pages/Uterine-Fibroids. aspx https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/9130-uterine-fibroids https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354294 https://ecovue. com/news/what-ultrasound-gel-does-to-your-patients-skin/ https://www. gleneagles. com. sg/specialties/medical-specialties/women-gynaecology/uterine-fibroid https://www. nhs. uk/conditions/mri-scan/ https://www. gleneagles. com. sg/specialties/medical-specialties/women-gynaecology/uterine-fibroid  8 https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/9130-uterine-fibroids --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Fibroid, Fibroid causes and treatment, Fibroid health guide, Fibroid treatment Singapore, Fibroid-related bleeding, Fibroids, Hormonal imbalance fibroids, Menstrual issues fibroids, Non-cancerous uterine growths, Reproductive health Singapore, Singapore uterine care, Types of uterine fibroids, Uterine fibroid diagnosis, Uterine Fibroids, Uterine fibroids Singapore, Uterine health Singapore, Women's health fibroids - Translation Priorities: Optional Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Why you might need fibroids treatment, Singapore. WHAT ARE UTERINE FIBROIDS? Uterine fibroids are a common condition among women. It occurs when benign or non-cancerous tumours develop in the uterus. In fact, by the age of 35, 40-50% of women have had uterine fibroids at some point in their lives. If that is you, we, the Vascular and Interventional Centre, are here for you! There is nothing to worry about as there are effective and established methods for treating and removing these uterine fibroids. Also, these growths are very rarely cancerous, with only one in 350 people having uterine fibroids that transform into a malignant or cancerous tumors. The risk is therefore low and your condition can usually be treated easily with uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE, Singapore). More specifically, uterine fibroids are excess growths from the myometrium, which is the muscular tissue of the uterus. Most of the time, the growth of uterine fibroids is stimulated by the female hormone oestrogen. There are many different variations to the way uterine fibroids can appear, either as a single fibroid or as a cluster consisting of multiple fibroids. As such, the size, location and number of fibroids in your uterus is never fixed, so treatment options have to be considered on a case to case basis, tailored to your situation and symptoms. There are a few common symptoms that you could be aware of, as indicators that you may have uterine fibroids. For example, excessive and painful bleeding during menstruation (menorrhagia), lower back pain, bloating, constipation, and frequent urination. TYPES OF UTERINE FIBROIDS There are 5 main types of uterine fibroids, namely intracavity, intramural, pedunculated, submucosal and subserosal, as seen in the image below. Depending on their location and type, fibroids can cause different symptoms. Uterine fibroids in singapore Intracavitary fibroids: these uterine fibroids have grown almost completely into the uterine cavity. Because of their position, intracavitary uterine fibroids tend to be associated with infertility, by physically blocking sperm as it travels to the fallopian tubes. Intramural fibroids: these uterine fibroids are found within the walls of the uterus. This type of uterine fibroids is the most harmless to your body. Because they do not act as physical barriers for fertilisation or implantation within the uterine cavity, their effect on fertility is quite minimal. However, like all uterine fibroids, they require a blood supply to keep growing, and hence the circulation of blood around the uterus is affected to sustain the growth of these uterine fibroids. This blood supply is taken from the uterine artery, which could mean that other organs supplied by the uterine artery may receive less blood. The endometrium (wall of the uterus) itself would also be less vascularised, which means fewer blood vessels would be supplying it with blood, and this could potentially affect the uterus’ ability to support a healthy pregnancy. Pedunculated fibroids: these uterine fibroids are either found in the uterus or outside of the uterus, attached to the uterine tissue by an elongated stalk. If these uterine fibroids are twisted because of any sudden movements you make, severe pain may be experienced. Submucosal fibroids: these uterine fibroids grow partially into the uterine cavity from the walls of the uterus. They lie right under the lining of the uterine cavity. They can cause infertility in women in the same way that intracavitary uterine fibroids do. Subserosal fibroids: these are uterine fibroids that grow partially out of the uterus from the walls of the uterus, and are the most common type of uterine fibroids. These have a lesser effect on fertility, but they can cause some discomfort by placing pressure on your nerves around the area. Sometimes, they develop and stalk and become pedunculated uterine fibroids. DIAGNOSIS OF UTERINE FIBROIDS In order to determine whether you have uterine fibroids or not, ultrasound scans and MRIs can be used to accurately diagnose. Ultrasound scans involve soundwaves as an imaging technique to better visualise the position of uterine fibroids in your uterus. A gel is first applied to your abdominal area to minimise the air spaces between the transducer (scanner) and your skin, such that a clearer image can be obtained at the end of the scan. This is needed as ultrasound does not travel very well through the air, and without the gel, the final images would not be clear. This is a simple procedure that should take around 20 to 30 minutes. Alternatively, a transvaginal ultrasound may also be conducted. MRI scans are radiation-free and involve the use of magnetic waves to visualise the pelvis and uterus. Results are more detailed than that of ultrasound scans and also involve the use of larger equipment. This procedure is completely safe and harmless, so you should not experience any discomfort at all. Your doctor will advise you on the most suitable method of diagnosis for you, such that there is minimal risk posed to your health. Always remember to consult a medical professional for confirmation of your personal health situation, and avoid self-diagnosis. Although your quality of life may not be affected by the presence of certain types of uterine fibroids, you should get them assessed regularly such that the doctor can keep track of whether the uterine fibroids are growing larger. Treatment is recommended if you start displaying symptoms and have discomfort that affects your daily activities. As mentioned earlier, fibroids treatment, Singapore, usually refers to Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE, Singapore). Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids The term "uterine fibroids" traditionally denotes benign tumors of the muscular coat, which comprise 99% of all pathological neoplasms in the muscle of the uterus. Clinical manifestations depend mostly on the size, location, and number of fibroids within the uterus and thus vary widely between patients. Fibroid size shows an asymmetrical distribution, varying from as small as 1-2 mm to as large as 35 cm in diameter. The most common symptoms that usually bring a woman to the doctor are the following: Heavy blood loss during menstruation is the most common complaint, with 25-49% of the patients nineteen years of age or older complaining about it. Fibroids exacerbate symptoms already present. Pain and discomfort are also quite common. In 29. 4-55% of females, it is severe enough to result in missing days of work or class. In addition to daily activities, fibroids have been shown to impair a person's sleep. Pelvic discomfort is more common among women who are at least 25 years of age. The greater the size of the fibroids, the more problematic the pressure they exert on the surrounding organs. Many women experience a variety of symptoms concurrent with the ones listed, while others may not experience any due to the heterogeneity of fibroids. Hence, if many women with fibroids do not display any symptoms, some people can undergo unnecessary surgery. Just as the signs and symptoms are not universal, managing fibroids is not about a one-size-fits-all therapy. Rather, the course of action is tailored to the individual needs, values, and health conditions of the patient. Overview of Common Symptoms A significant number of women report having no symptoms associated with the presence of uterine fibroids. Nevertheless, many women who have fibroids also experience symptoms. Such symptoms can vary greatly in terms of type and intensity. Common physical symptoms include excessive menstrual bleeding and/or the presence of clots, pelvic pressure or pain, frequent urination that may not be a urinary tract infection, and feelings of fullness or swelling of the lower abdomen. Many women with fibroids notice an increase in their abdominal size; some describe a sensation of fullness or swelling, or even a feeling that they are pregnant. Lastly, because there is sometimes an aesthetic and functional deformity of the abdominal wall associated with fibroids, women who have them may feel more embarrassed about their body’s appearance. Those with multiple large fibroids that alter the symmetry and balance of the abdomen might even look bloated. Involvement of surrounding organs like the colon can even lead to mild digestive problems. There are many emotional and psychological symptoms related to having fibroids as well, which have received increasingly more attention. After all, a woman’s overall health reflects her mental and spiritual well-being as well. Women with fibroids can be diagnosed with anemia; they often must plan their life around their menstrual bleeding, may be shamed by their sexual partners because of heavy menstrual bleeding during intercourse, or may feel generally irritable and depressed. Some women also report that their fibroids can interfere with the quality of sleep. All of these symptoms clearly indicate that fibroids have the potential for significant debilitating effects. It is important for patients to remember, however, that they are the best judges of what they feel, and they should not necessarily be influenced by what other women’s symptoms are, or by what symptoms are known to be most common. Variability in Symptom Severity The range and severity of symptoms women experience with fibroids vary widely. Some women have mild symptoms. Others have symptoms so debilitating that their daily activities are awkward, if not impossible. In general, the symptoms caused by fibroids depend on many factors, one of the most important of which is the size and location of the fibroid(s). The location also has a major influence on the kind of symptoms experienced – a submucous fibroid can lead to such heavy periods that a woman becomes unhealthily anemic and needs a blood transfusion. A very large fibroid pressing on the rectum can either make it difficult to pass feces or give rise to painful defecation (or both). A woman’s symptoms can worsen dramatically or multiply over time, or she can remain virtually symptom-free. This variability in symptom severity has led some to predict that the same variety and quantity of fibroids will have different effects in different women. It is essential, therefore, that any treatment decision is tailored to the woman’s particular case and that decisions are continually reviewed at regular assessments. If fibroids have such widely diverse effects, should we be surprised if we find differences between the severity of the symptoms reported by individual women? Yet there is anecdotal evidence of misdiagnosis, under-treatment, or being actively discouraged from treatment. In a situation of such complexity, it is difficult to adequately inform a woman even about her surgical treatment options if recovery time and return to normal activities is such a variably experienced risk. All we can do is to be aware of the range of individual experience. To acknowledge and explore the potential differences in clinical trial outcomes between different women, taking into consideration not only the size and location of fibroids but also differences in age, child-bearing desire, and other considerations. Impact on Daily Life Uterine fibroids can greatly impair a woman's daily life. The excessive menstrual blood loss from a fibroid can lead to significant fatigue. Many women are unable to pursue and maintain demanding work schedules and social activities due to the embarrassing frequency and unpredictability of menstruation. In other cases, women have to take time off from work because of severe uterine fibroid symptoms. Menstrual blood loss can be so heavy that many women develop a profound knowledge of every public restroom in their area. Women with excessive menstrual bleeding are likely to suffer from pelvic pain and pressure. If they are sterile, they may attribute their infertility to their fibroids, which can lead to anxiety and/or depression. The knowledge may also affect their expectations and decisions for expanding their family. Being sexually active with a significant other may be jeopardized by the unpredictability of such symptoms as irregular bleeding or pain. There may be variations of fibroid symptoms in different cultures, or hidden emotional issues that are not appropriate to share with strangers. These issues are all in need of a holistic approach, but for this approach to be considered, all possibilities must be explored. It is important for healthcare providers to acknowledge the practical issues for women living with symptomatic fibroids and initiate an honest, open... --- - Categories: Articles, Blog - Tags: Fibroid, Fibroid causes and treatment, Fibroid health guide, Fibroid pain Singapore, Fibroid removal options Singapore, Fibroid symptoms Singapore, Fibroid treatment Singapore, Fibroid-related bleeding, Fibroids, Gynecologist Singapore fibroids, Hormonal imbalance fibroids, Menstrual issues fibroids, Non-cancerous uterine growths, Reproductive health Singapore, Singapore uterine care, Types of uterine fibroids, Uterine fibroid complications, Uterine fibroid diagnosis, Uterine Fibroids, Uterine fibroids Singapore, Uterine health Singapore, What are uterine fibroids, Women's health fibroids - Translation Priorities: Optional Singapore Vascular and Interventional Centre Why you might need fibroids treatment, Singapore. WHAT ARE UTERINE FIBROIDS? Uterine fibroids are a common condition among women. It occurs when benign or non-cancerous tumours develop in the uterus. In fact, by the age of 35, 40-50% of women have had uterine fibroids at some point in their lives. If that is you, we, the Vascular and Interventional Centre, are here for you! There is nothing to worry about as there are effective and established methods for treating and removing these uterine fibroids. Also, these growths are very rarely cancerous, with only one in 350 people having uterine fibroids that transform into a malignant or cancerous tumors. The risk is therefore low and your condition can usually be treated easily with uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE, Singapore). More specifically, uterine fibroids are excess growths from the myometrium, which is the muscular tissue of the uterus. Most of the time, the growth of uterine fibroids is stimulated by the female hormone oestrogen. There are many different variations to the way uterine fibroids can appear, either as a single fibroid or as a cluster consisting of multiple fibroids. As such, the size, location and number of fibroids in your uterus is never fixed, so treatment options have to be considered on a case to case basis, tailored to your situation and symptoms. There are a few common symptoms that you could be aware of, as indicators that you may have uterine fibroids. For example, excessive and painful bleeding during menstruation (menorrhagia), lower back pain, bloating, constipation, and frequent urination. TYPES OF UTERINE FIBROIDS There are 5 main types of uterine fibroids, namely intracavity, intramural, pedunculated, submucosal and subserosal, as seen in the image below. Depending on their location and type, fibroids can cause different symptoms. Uterine fibroids in singapore Intracavitary fibroids: these uterine fibroids have grown almost completely into the uterine cavity. Because of their position, intracavitary uterine fibroids tend to be associated with infertility, by physically blocking sperm as it travels to the fallopian tubes. Intramural fibroids: these uterine fibroids are found within the walls of the uterus. This type of uterine fibroids is the most harmless to your body. Because they do not act as physical barriers for fertilisation or implantation within the uterine cavity, their effect on fertility is quite minimal. However, like all uterine fibroids, they require a blood supply to keep growing, and hence the circulation of blood around the uterus is affected to sustain the growth of these uterine fibroids. This blood supply is taken from the uterine artery, which could mean that other organs supplied by the uterine artery may receive less blood. The endometrium (wall of the uterus) itself would also be less vascularised, which means fewer blood vessels would be supplying it with blood, and this could potentially affect the uterus’ ability to support a healthy pregnancy. Pedunculated fibroids: these uterine fibroids are either found in the uterus or outside of the uterus, attached to the uterine tissue by an elongated stalk. If these uterine fibroids are twisted because of any sudden movements you make, severe pain may be experienced. Submucosal fibroids: these uterine fibroids grow partially into the uterine cavity from the walls of the uterus. They lie right under the lining of the uterine cavity. They can cause infertility in women in the same way that intracavitary uterine fibroids do. Subserosal fibroids: these are uterine fibroids that grow partially out of the uterus from the walls of the uterus, and are the most common type of uterine fibroids. These have a lesser effect on fertility, but they can cause some discomfort by placing pressure on your nerves around the area. Sometimes, they develop and stalk and become pedunculated uterine fibroids. DIAGNOSIS OF UTERINE FIBROIDS In order to determine whether you have uterine fibroids or not, ultrasound scans and MRIs can be used to accurately diagnose. Ultrasound scans involve soundwaves as an imaging technique to better visualise the position of uterine fibroids in your uterus. A gel is first applied to your abdominal area to minimise the air spaces between the transducer (scanner) and your skin, such that a clearer image can be obtained at the end of the scan. This is needed as ultrasound does not travel very well through the air, and without the gel, the final images would not be clear. This is a simple procedure that should take around 20 to 30 minutes. Alternatively, a transvaginal ultrasound may also be conducted. MRI scans are radiation-free and involve the use of magnetic waves to visualise the pelvis and uterus. Results are more detailed than that of ultrasound scans and also involve the use of larger equipment. This procedure is completely safe and harmless, so you should not experience any discomfort at all. Your doctor will advise you on the most suitable method of diagnosis for you, such that there is minimal risk posed to your health. Always remember to consult a medical professional for confirmation of your personal health situation, and avoid self-diagnosis. Although your quality of life may not be affected by the presence of certain types of uterine fibroids, you should get them assessed regularly such that the doctor can keep track of whether the uterine fibroids are growing larger. Treatment is recommended if you start displaying symptoms and have discomfort that affects your daily activities. As mentioned earlier, fibroids treatment, Singapore, usually refers to Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE, Singapore). Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids The term "uterine fibroids" traditionally denotes benign tumors of the muscular coat, which comprise 99% of all pathological neoplasms in the muscle of the uterus. Clinical manifestations depend mostly on the size, location, and number of fibroids within the uterus and thus vary widely between patients. Fibroid size shows an asymmetrical distribution, varying from as small as 1-2 mm to as large as 35 cm in diameter. The most common symptoms that usually bring a woman to the doctor are the following: Heavy blood loss during menstruation is the most common complaint, with 25-49% of the patients nineteen years of age or older complaining about it. Fibroids exacerbate symptoms already present. Pain and discomfort are also quite common. In 29. 4-55% of females, it is severe enough to result in missing days of work or class. In addition to daily activities, fibroids have been shown to impair a person's sleep. Pelvic discomfort is more common among women who are at least 25 years of age. The greater the size of the fibroids, the more problematic the pressure they exert on the surrounding organs. Many women experience a variety of symptoms concurrent with the ones listed, while others may not experience any due to the heterogeneity of fibroids. Hence, if many women with fibroids do not display any symptoms, some people can undergo unnecessary surgery. Just as the signs and symptoms are not universal, managing fibroids is not about a one-size-fits-all therapy. Rather, the course of action is tailored to the individual needs, values, and health conditions of the patient. Overview of Common Symptoms A significant number of women report having no symptoms associated with the presence of uterine fibroids. Nevertheless, many women who have fibroids also experience symptoms. Such symptoms can vary greatly in terms of type and intensity. Common physical symptoms include excessive menstrual bleeding and/or the presence of clots, pelvic pressure or pain, frequent urination that may not be a urinary tract infection, and feelings of fullness or swelling of the lower abdomen. Many women with fibroids notice an increase in their abdominal size; some describe a sensation of fullness or swelling, or even a feeling that they are pregnant. Lastly, because there is sometimes an aesthetic and functional deformity of the abdominal wall associated with fibroids, women who have them may feel more embarrassed about their body’s appearance. Those with multiple large fibroids that alter the symmetry and balance of the abdomen might even look bloated. Involvement of surrounding organs like the colon can even lead to mild digestive problems. There are many emotional and psychological symptoms related to having fibroids as well, which have received increasingly more attention. After all, a woman’s overall health reflects her mental and spiritual well-being as well. Women with fibroids can be diagnosed with anemia; they often must plan their life around their menstrual bleeding, may be shamed by their sexual partners because of heavy menstrual bleeding during intercourse, or may feel generally irritable and depressed. Some women also report that their fibroids can interfere with the quality of sleep. All of these symptoms clearly indicate that fibroids have the potential for significant debilitating effects. It is important for patients to remember, however, that they are the best judges of what they feel, and they should not necessarily be influenced by what other women’s symptoms are, or by what symptoms are known to be most common. Variability in Symptom Severity The range and severity of symptoms women experience with fibroids vary widely. Some women have mild symptoms. Others have symptoms so debilitating that their daily activities are awkward, if not impossible. In general, the symptoms caused by fibroids depend on many factors, one of the most important of which is the size and location of the fibroid(s). The location also has a major influence on the kind of symptoms experienced – a submucous fibroid can lead to such heavy periods that a woman becomes unhealthily anemic and needs a blood transfusion. A very large fibroid pressing on the rectum can either make it difficult to pass feces or give rise to painful defecation (or both). A woman’s symptoms can worsen dramatically or multiply over time, or she can remain virtually symptom-free. This variability in symptom severity has led some to predict that the same variety and quantity of fibroids will have different effects in different women. It is essential, therefore, that any treatment decision is tailored to the woman’s particular case and that decisions are continually reviewed at regular assessments. If fibroids have such widely diverse effects, should we be surprised if we find differences between the severity of the symptoms reported by individual women? Yet there is anecdotal evidence of misdiagnosis, under-treatment, or being actively discouraged from treatment. In a situation of such complexity, it is difficult to adequately inform a woman even about her surgical treatment options if recovery time and return to normal activities is such a variably experienced risk. All we can do is to be aware of the range of individual experience. To acknowledge and explore the potential differences in clinical trial outcomes between different women, taking into consideration not only the size and location of fibroids but also differences in age, child-bearing desire, and other considerations. Impact on Daily Life Uterine fibroids can greatly impair a woman's daily life. The excessive menstrual blood loss from a fibroid can lead to significant fatigue. Many women are unable to pursue and maintain demanding work schedules and social activities due to the embarrassing frequency and unpredictability of menstruation. In other cases, women have to take time off from work because of severe uterine fibroid symptoms. Menstrual blood loss can be so heavy that many women develop a profound knowledge of every public restroom in their area. Women with excessive menstrual bleeding are likely to suffer from pelvic pain and pressure. If they are sterile, they may attribute their infertility to their fibroids, which can lead to anxiety and/or depression. The knowledge may also affect their expectations and decisions for expanding their family. Being sexually active with a significant other may be jeopardized by the unpredictability of such symptoms as irregular bleeding or pain. There may be variations of fibroid symptoms in different cultures, or hidden emotional issues that are not appropriate to share with strangers. These issues are all in need of a holistic approach, but for this approach to be considered, all possibilities must be explored. It is important for healthcare providers to acknowledge the practical issues for women living with symptomatic fibroids and initiate an honest, open... --- - Categories: Webinars - Translation Priorities: Optional What is Peripheral Artery Disease? Prevalence of Diabetes Types of Diabetes What is Diabetes? --- - Categories: Webinars - Translation Priorities: Optional If you missed our Pain Management Webinar, or want to rewatch it, here are the video links to the recorded webinar sessions on migraine management by Dr Ravindra Singh Shekhawat, managing knee, shoulder, back and head pain by Dr Manish Taneja, and managing leg and pelvic vascular pain by Dr Benjamin Chua. MANAGING MIGRAINES BY DR RAVINDRA SINGH SHEKHAWAT https://youtu. be/6sc0icWHSjw It’s all in the Head: Managing Migraines by Dr Ravindra Singh Shekhawat RELIEVING KNEE, SHOULDER, BACK PAIN AND HEADACHE BY DR MANISH TANEJA https://youtu. be/MxQK1IucVwQ Bodies in Motion: Relieving Pain; Knee, Shoulder, Back Pain and Headache by Dr Manish Taneja LEGS AND PELVIC VASCULAR PAIN BY DR BENJAMIN CHUA https://youtu. be/z-HpAG2rKQY Addressing Chronic Pelvic Pain: Legs and Pelvic Vascular Pain by Dr Benjamin Chua --- - Categories: Webinars - Tags: Female health awareness video, Fibroid education Singapore, Fibroid treatment video Singapore, Gynecology health talk replay, Health education video for women, Non-invasive fibroid treatment video, Online health talk fibroids, Replay health webinar Singapore, Singapore webinar on fibroids, Singapore women’s webinar replay, UFE webinar recording, Uterine fibroids information session, Uterine health webinar Singapore, Vascular health webinar Singapore, Watch ESG fibroid webinar, Watch fibroid webinar Singapore, Webinar replay uterine fibroids, Women’s health issues Singapore, Women’s health seminar recording, Women’s health webinar replay - Translation Priorities: Optional Cervical Cancer by Dr Zhao https://youtu. be/Eh78xHf6Z1w 3 Gynaecological Issues by Dr Dharshini https://youtu. be/jpW70zLamkA Uterine Fibroids Embolisation by Dr Manish https://youtu. be/gI222TcSMyo Less Vein, Less Pain by Dr Benjamin https://youtu. be/QXr3-gMYRxM --- - Categories: Webinars - Translation Priorities: Optional If you missed our men’s health webinar, or want to rewatch it, here are the video links to the recorded webinar sessions on men’s general health by Dr Lim Kok Bin, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) by Dr Manish Taneja, and Erectile Dysfunction (ED) and Venous Leak by Dr Benjamin Chua; as well as the recorded Q&A Session featuring an Insurance Talk by Mr Derek Ong, a Senior Financial Consultant. To find out if any of the procedures mentioned are right for you, request a consultation with one of our doctors to help you understand your options and choose the best treatment for you. MEN’S GENERAL HEALTH AND FITNESS: HARD AND FAST TRUTHS! BY DR LIM KOK BIN https://youtu. be/sK99gfEuuWg BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH): ANSWERING NATURE’S CALL TOO OFTEN? BY DR MANISH TANEJA https://youtu. be/CR7Pi0YbM38 VENOUS LEAK, ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION, VARICOCELE AND VARICOSE VEINS BY DR BENJAMIN CHUA https://youtu. be/1WCaLVoKF8Q Want to watch our other webinar replays? Check out our women’s health webinar, or our pain management webinar here! --- --- ## Services - Service Category: Default - Tags: Aortic Aneurysm, Aortic Aneurysm Treatments 当主动脉壁变弱并开始像气球一样向外凸出时，就会出现主动脉瘤 (AA)。 概述 主动脉是人体最大的动脉。 它是将血液从心脏输送到身体其他部位的主要血管。 它从心脏延伸到胸部，向下延伸到腹部并进入骨盆。 然后从那里向下形成腿部的主要血液供应。 在它的过程中，主动脉发出重要的分支，形成关键的动脉血液供应给重要器官，如肝脏、胃、肠和肾脏。 当主动脉壁变弱并开始像气球一样向外凸出时，就会出现主动脉瘤 (AA)。 有几个区域可能发展为主动脉瘤： 胸部：胸主动脉瘤 (TAA) 腹部：腹主动脉瘤 (AAA) 胸腹之间：胸腹主动脉瘤（TAAA） 在早期阶段，当 AA 规模较小时，它不会立即构成健康风险。 然而，如果 AA 继续增长，主动脉或其下部分支的壁会变薄并失去伸展能力。 壁的薄弱部分可能无法支撑血流的力量和压力。 这样的动脉瘤可能会破裂，导致严重的内出血和死亡。 腹主动脉瘤示意图 症状 疼痛——胸部、腹部、背部或下肢持续剧烈疼痛 持续发烧 腹部搏动或跳动的肿块 脚趾上的坏疽斑块 饭后反复呕吐 原因/风险因素 如果患者属于以下危险因素组，建议进行筛查： 长期吸烟者 65岁以上，以男性为主 长期高血压和/或心脏病 患有先天性软组织疾病的人，如马凡氏综合征、埃勒斯-当洛斯综合征、洛伊斯-迪茨综合征 有主动脉瘤和夹层家族史 诊断 诊断基于临床检查，在临床检查中可以感觉到动脉瘤是腹部跳动的肿块。 建议进行超声扫描或 CT 扫描以确认动脉瘤 我们的治疗 AA 有两种治疗方法： 开放式手术修复——这是动脉瘤修复的传统方法，包括在胸壁上做长切口。 开放式手术修复是一种稳健的方法，但由于其侵入性，具有显着的发病率和死亡率风险，仅推荐用于手术风险低的年轻患者。 术后恢复通常需要长达 1 周的 ICU 护理。 患者通常需要大约 1 个月到 6 周才能完全康复。 微创修复——这种方法使用覆膜支架，也称为血管内主动脉修复 (EVAR)。 它涉及通过腹股沟中的小（1cm）切口将特殊支架（保持血管打开的小管）通过腿部股动脉插入动脉瘤部位，重新衬里支架并将其排除在X-下的动脉血压循环之外射线引导（透视） EVAR 可用于年龄较大的患者或有许多合并症且手术风险较高的患者。 此外，由于其微创特性，EVAR 可以在局部麻醉和轻度镇静下进行。 接受 EVAR 的患者通常不需要入住 ICU，患者在 8 小时内起床并在手术后 48 小时出院。 在选定的情况下，年轻而健康的患者甚至可以在同一天出院。 后续护理 治疗 AA 后，所有患者都应在其余生中定期进行随访。 这是因为这种疾病可以继续在之前没有动脉瘤的主动脉其他部分发展。 患有腹部动脉瘤的患者随后发展为胸动脉瘤并不少见，反之亦然。 如果患者仍有持续的危险因素，例如吸烟和高血压，则尤其如此。 动脉瘤修复后的随访需要定期进行重复超声扫描和 CT 扫描（首先每月 6 次，然后每年一次）。 这对于接受了 EVAR 手术的患者尤其重要，并且进行扫描以检测覆膜支架移植物周围的泄漏。 主动脉夹层 概述 当主动脉壁撕裂时，就会发生主动脉夹层，导致血液在主动脉的肌肉层之间流动。 结果，主动脉被分成两个开口而不是一个。 主动脉夹层会破坏主动脉供应的动脉分支和器官的流动，包括肠、肾和腿，最终导致器官衰竭。 症状 与血压升高相关的严重胸痛 局部腹痛和压痛 原因/风险因素 高危人群包括： 患有不受控制的高血压的人 患有先天性软组织疾病的人，如马凡氏综合征、埃勒斯-当洛斯综合征、洛伊斯-迪茨综合征 那些可能对主动脉造成创伤的人，例如机动车事故 诊断 胸部和腹部的对比 CT 扫描是诊断主动脉夹层的最佳方法。 它还将揭示主动脉壁的初始撕裂位置、解剖范围（涉及主动脉的哪些部分）以及受影响的器官/血液供应。 这将使医生了解治疗夹层的最佳方法 我们的治疗 当务之急是控制升高的血压，使夹层不会恶化。 下一步是开放手术修复主动脉壁撕裂或微创EVAR——通过腹股沟动脉插入支架移植物。 A. 坎多拉（2020 年 5 月 27 日）。 腹主动脉瘤：筛查、治疗和症状。 2022 年 1 月 25 日检索自 https://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm 参考： A. 坎多拉（2020 年 5 月 27 日）。 腹主动脉瘤：筛查、治疗和症状。 2022 年 1 月 25 日检索自 https://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm 相关文章 Understanding Aortic Aneurysm: Symptoms & CausesFrom Detection to Recovery: A Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysms in SingaporeAortic Aneurysm: A Guide to Understanding the Risks and Treatment Options in SingaporeA Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysm in SingaporeGuide to Aortic Aneurysm: Treatments in Singapore --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: brain aneurysm surgery, brain aneurysm surgery singapore 脑动脉瘤是供应大脑的血管膨胀或膨胀。 40-60 岁的人最容易受到影响。 概述 脑动脉瘤是供应大脑的血管膨胀或膨胀。 脑动脉瘤存在于 1% 至 2% 的人群中。 40-60 岁的人最容易受到影响。 症状 头痛 双重视觉 最严重的并发症是动脉瘤破裂或破裂，导致多达 20% 的受影响患者出现严重的突发头痛和立即死亡。 在其余受影响的人群中，它会导致严重的出血性中风，如果不及时治疗，可能会使人衰弱。 风险因素 一些已知的风险因素包括： 家史 抽烟 高血压 多囊肾 年龄超过50岁。 诊断 只需简单的 CT 扫描或 MRI 扫描即可诊断脑动脉瘤并计划治疗。 我们的治疗 脑动脉瘤是一种可治疗的疾病，治疗它的最佳时间是在它破裂之前。 卷取是一种微创技术，是传统开放手术夹闭方法的常见替代方法。 盘绕可以是气球或支架辅助的。 另一种方法是使用特殊的分流支架来治疗动脉瘤。 在腹股沟做一个小切口以进入血管。 小导管和电线穿过切口并引导至大脑以阻断动脉瘤。 治疗时间和恢复期都比开放手术短得多（如果动脉瘤未破裂，则为1-2天）。 用分流装置治疗脑动脉瘤的例子（箭头） 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: CAD, Carotid Arterial Disease 当两条主要颈动脉中的一条或两条“硬化”并被斑块沉积物堵塞时，就会发生颈动脉疾病 (CAD)。 概述 颈动脉疾病 (CAD) 发生在供应大脑的两条主要颈动脉中的一条或两条沿其壁“硬化”并被由脂肪和胆固醇组成的斑块沉积物堵塞（通过称为动脉粥样硬化的过程） . CAD是缺血性中风的常见原因。 显示健康颈动脉和颈动脉狭窄的图表 症状 CAD 患者通常没有任何症状，仅在中风或短暂性缺血性中风（“小中风”）后才被诊断出来。 中风的常见症状包括： 说话麻烦，理解别人在说什么。 患者可能会感到困惑或发现自己口齿不清。 瘫痪或麻木通常发生在身体的一侧（面部、手臂或腿部）。 患者也可能发现难以举起双臂或发现一侧面部下垂。 手颤抖 突然头晕，失去平衡，协调 一只或两只眼睛看不清或突然对光敏感 突然、剧烈的头痛 恶心和呕吐，吞咽困难 意识丧失 原因/风险因素 年龄。 动脉粥样硬化可能在一个人的青年时期开始发展，并随着年龄的增长慢慢发展为 CAD 和中风。 中风或动脉粥样硬化的阳性家族史 既往中风史 高血压 高胆固醇 肥胖或缺乏运动 糖尿病 抽烟 诊断 对于属于 CAD 高危人群的患者，有一些扫描/筛查。 可以实施几个成像测试来进行诊断。 超声波 头部CT扫描 核磁共振成像扫描 MRA（磁共振血管造影） 脑血管造影 - 也称为数字减影血管造影 (DSA)，是一种微创手术，其中染料通过导管插入颈动脉以进行 X 射线检查。 我们的治疗 在治疗动脉粥样硬化时，患者可以通过改变生活方式来控制其风险因素，从而预防或延缓 CAD。 如果这些生活方式的改变还不够，我们的专家可能会推荐药物治疗或微创手术。 血管成形术和支架 血管成形术和支架置入术是微创技术，是一种同样有效的治疗方法，医生可以扩大动脉以恢复头部的血流。 将导管插入动脉，然后将球囊插入其中并膨胀以扩大动脉。 然后将支架置入动脉以支撑动脉壁并防止其再次变窄。 开放手术（子宫内膜切除术） CAD 的传统治疗方法是动脉内膜切除术，医生在颈部切开一个切口以进入动脉以去除动脉内层的斑块或阻塞，以恢复血流。 参考： 颈动脉狭窄。 (nd)。 检索于 2022 年 1 月 25 日，来自 https://www. templehealth. org/services/conditions/carotid-stenosis 相关文章 What Conditions Does a Vascular Centre Treat? --- - Service Category: Default 淋巴水肿是由于负责运输淋巴的血管衰竭而影响四肢的肿胀。 概述 淋巴液是一种在全身循环的液体，携带白细胞、蛋白质、盐、脂肪、水等必需物质。 淋巴水肿是由于负责运输淋巴的血管衰竭而影响四肢的肿胀。 淋巴管有助于从四肢排出液体，并充当免疫看门人。 过滤淋巴的腺体称为淋巴结。 显示淋巴管阻塞的图像 症状 手臂和/或腿部肿胀，尤其是手指和脚趾 头部/颈部肿胀 沉重/疼痛的感觉 收紧皮肤 疲劳 液体通过皮肤渗漏 基本动作困难 更频繁的感染 慢性伤口 原因/风险因素 原发性淋巴水肿很少见，通常是由于出生时没有淋巴或淋巴系统无法加班。 患者可能在出生时出现四肢肿胀（先天性淋巴管缺失）或在青少年时期（延迟性原发性衰竭）。 继发性淋巴水肿更常见，通常是手术切除淋巴结（如乳腺癌和腋窝淋巴结清除手术）或淋巴结放疗（如腹股沟或盆腔淋巴结放疗）的结果。 有时复发性皮肤感染（蜂窝织炎）也会损害四肢的淋巴引流。 诊断 诊断要求： 获取肢体肿胀持续时间的病史。 排除肢体肿胀的其他原因，如相关的静脉疾病、肌肉和软组织感染和损伤。 可以进行淋巴闪烁显像（专业扫描）以确定原发性和继发性淋巴水肿以及疾病的程度。 我们的治疗 治疗的主要目的是减少肢体肿胀和恢复功能。 淋巴引流按摩和加压敷料有助于显着减轻肿胀，但两者都必须定期进行（通常每周 3 次）。 较新的疗法包括将阻塞的淋巴引流通道连接到小静脉（淋巴静脉旁路）或将淋巴结移植到受影响肢体的手术。 参考： MV，TP（未检测到）。 什么是淋巴水肿？ 检索于 2022 年 1 月 25 日，来自 https://www. totalphysiomv. com/massage/what-is-lymphoedema/ 相关文章 A Comprehensive Approach to Lymphoedema Treatment: A Vascular Surgeon's PerspectiveSwelling Leg Treatment in SingaporeSwollen Leg: Why do I have it and What can I do? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: best pain management doctor in singapore, pain management singapore 介入性疼痛管理涉及专门设计用于缓解或减轻疼痛的微创技术。 概述 介入性疼痛管理涉及专门设计用于缓解或减轻疼痛的微创技术。 这些技术利用多学科方法来帮助患者控制疼痛并最终提高患者的整体生活质量。 可以采用介入性疼痛管理技术的常见领域： 膝盖疼痛（骨关节炎） 腰痛（椎管狭窄、椎间盘突出、椎体骨折） 肩痛（骨关节炎、关节囊粘连、肩袖损伤） 颈部疼痛 头痛 常见的疼痛症状 关节痛 刚性 肿胀 压痛 关节运动时的光栅感 疼痛的常见原因/风险因素 年龄 高体重指数 炎 家史 已有条件 运动损伤 我们的治疗 介入性疼痛管理包括日间手术和结合医学和物理治疗的微创手术。 医疗：成像引导，如 X 射线引导（透视）、超声波或 CT 引导，使医生能够找到确切的疼痛源 身体：我们的专家与专职医疗人员和生活方式健身教练合作，继续帮助患者控制手术前后的疼痛。 提供的治疗总结： 健康）状况 程序 膝盖疼痛（骨关节炎） 膝动脉栓塞术 膝神经消融 膝关节注射 背痛（椎管狭窄、椎间盘突出、椎骨骨折） 通过药物注射进行的非手术神经阻滞 射频消融 化学消融 经皮椎间盘手术 肩痛（骨关节炎、关节囊粘连、肩袖损伤） 动脉栓塞 神经消融 头痛和持续的面部和颈部疼痛 通过药物注射进行非手术神经阻滞 膝盖疼痛 概述 膝关节骨性关节炎是一种长期退行性疾病，其特征是关节软骨进行性退化、膝关节液减少和炎症。 治疗 骨关节炎的传统治疗包括药物治疗、物理治疗、关节注射以及最终的膝关节置换手术。 膝关节疼痛的介入性疼痛管理涉及在影像学指导下进行的微创技术。 这些都是在轻度镇静下进行日间手术，并在第二天恢复活动。 这对于药物和物理治疗没有改善并且在考虑膝关节置换手术之前还有很长的路要走的患者特别有用。 我们提供的微创治疗方案包括： 膝神经消融：这涉及选择性地将射频波应用于膝盖中受影响的神经。 膝动脉栓塞：这种微创手术使用导管注射球形颗粒，以阻止血液流向膝盖的某些部位，从而导致疼痛。 自体蛋白溶液（APS）膝关节注射：APS溶液来源于患者的血液。 它含有高浓度的抗炎和合成代谢蛋白，可直接注射到受影响的区域以缓解症状。 单击此处下载我们的膝关节骨关节炎手册 背疼 概述 背痛是导致全球许多人无法参与日常活动的残疾的主要原因。 与背痛相关的常见疾病包括： 脊髓狭窄——是脊髓周围空间变窄，导致部分神经组织受压。 椎间盘突出– 是椎间盘（垫子）脱位并压迫神经。 椎骨骨折- 是脊椎中一根骨头的断裂。 治疗 我们提供的治疗包括： 通过脊髓外或疼痛部位的药物注射进行的非手术神经阻滞： 硬膜外注射 小关节注射 神经根注射 周围神经阻滞 交感神经阻滞 射频消融：这涉及选择性地将射频波应用于脊柱中受影响的神经。 化学消融（超声引导硬化疗法）：这涉及将药物无创无痛注射到血管或淋巴管中，导致它们收缩。 经皮椎间盘切除术：这是一种微创手术，用于去除压迫神经根或脊髓的突出椎间盘材料。 肩部疼痛 概述 肩痛是影响我们生活方式和生活质量的常见问题。 除了生活方式问题外，它还会引起严重的疼痛和不适，从而对生活质量产生不利影响。 导致肩部疼痛的其他情况包括： 肩部骨关节炎——关节软骨磨损导致骨骼重塑，失去其球形度和一致性。 关节囊也变厚，导致肩部旋转进一步丧失。 肩周炎（粘连性关节囊炎） ——当肩关节周围的强结缔组织变厚、僵硬和发炎时，就会发生肩周炎。 肩袖损伤——肩关节周围肌肉和肌腱的损伤。 肩痛的传统治疗包括药物治疗、物理治疗、关节注射和最终的手术。 治疗 肩痛的介入性疼痛管理涉及在影像学指导下进行的微创技术。 这些是在轻度镇静下作为日间手术程序完成的，患者在几天内恢复活动。 这对于发现自己的病情没有通过药物和物理治疗改善和/或在考虑进行开放式手术之前还有很长的路要走的患者特别有用。 我们提供的微创治疗方案包括： 肩胛上神经消融：这是在超声和透视引导下完成的。 它涉及选择性地将射频波应用于肩部周围的神经，以有效缓解那里的疼痛。 肩动脉栓塞：这种微创手术使用导管注射球形颗粒，以阻止血液流向导致疼痛的肩部某些部位。 肩关节注射类固醇/自体蛋白溶液 (APS) ：这使用将在超声引导下注射的类固醇或 APS（来自患者自身血液的富含抗炎的细胞溶液）。 头痛、持续性面部和颈部疼痛 概述 头痛是一种常见的健康问题——大多数人都会在某个时候经历过。 频繁或严重的头痛会影响一个人的生活质量。 持续性特发性面部疼痛是指沿三叉神经区域的剧烈疼痛、挤压感或烧灼感。 它通常是一种持续的单侧疼痛，持续时间很长，没有自主神经症状或体征。 它被描述为持续性头痛和颈部疼痛，影响面部直至肩部。 颈部疼痛是一种常见问题，可能仅涉及颈部和肩部，也可能会沿着手臂放射。 疼痛会导致肌肉无力、麻木感或手臂触电。 治疗 我们提供的治疗包括： 通过脊髓外或疼痛部位的药物注射进行的非手术神经阻滞： 硬膜外注射 小关节注射 神经根注射 周围神经阻滞 交感神经阻滞 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: peripheral arterial disease, peripheral arterial disease singapore 外周动脉疾病 (PAD) 是由胆固醇和钙沉积引起的为四肢供血的动脉变窄。 概述 外周动脉疾病 (PAD) 是由于动脉壁内的胆固醇和/或钙沉积导致动脉硬化，为四肢供血的动脉变窄。 发生这种情况时，您的四肢无法获得所需的营养和氧气，通常会导致这些部位疼痛。 正常动脉与动脉狭窄的图像 症状 常见症状包括： 行走困难是最早的迹象之一，也称为间歇性跛行。 开始行走时疼痛，停止时减轻。 随着病情的发展，持续的疼痛。 如果不治疗，腿部会出现溃疡或坏疽。 这可能会导致截肢，并可能危及生命。 原因/风险因素 风险因素包括： 其他心血管疾病（包括中风和高血压）的诊断 糖尿病 高胆固醇 慢性吸烟者 肾衰竭 诊断 踝臂指数 (ABI) 测量——医生将这种治疗用于早期 PAD 患者。 这种治疗同时测量手臂和腿部的血压，以检查两者之间的任何不一致。 动脉超声扫描——这将有助于医生确定动脉狭窄的严重程度以及血流的阻塞程度。 CT或MRI扫描 我们的治疗 我们提供微创血管内治疗，包括血管成形术和/或支架置入。 对于大量患者来说，这可以作为一个日间程序完成，并在同一天出院。 当血管成形术/支架植入不成功时，一些患者可能需要进行开放式外科旁路手术。 慢性伤口 概述 慢性伤口通常是皮肤破裂，身体任何部位出现溃疡。 其中一些伤口可能已经存在了一个多月，并且无法自行愈合。 伤口还可能有继发性细菌感染，导致脓液排出、异味、周围发红和疼痛。 症状 慢性伤口通常出现在以下部位： 皮肤（例如下背部、臀部、脚后跟）有持续的压力，尤其是对于不能活动和长时间躺下的患者 动脉供血不足（如外周动脉疾病患者的下肢、足部和脚趾） 伤口下方有感染（例如慢性骨感染导致表面伤口和分泌物） 原因/风险因素 患有 PAD 或糖尿病或免疫功能低下的患者有发生慢性、不愈合伤口的风险。 诊断 这些调查的目的是确定伤口的原因并指导伤口的治疗。 它们包括： 通常采用伤口细菌拭子和培养物来确定伤口中是否存在细菌并指导抗生素治疗 一些患者可能需要 X 射线、CT 扫描或 MRI 扫描来评估潜在的骨骼和/或软组织感染 我们的治疗 伤口评估：要让慢性伤口愈合，我们必须治疗两个关键部分——根本原因和伤口本身。 例如，假设有潜在的外周动脉疾病导致伤口区域的血液供应不足。 在这种情况下，患者应该接受手术治疗动脉疾病，以改善流向伤口的血流。 如果存在潜在感染，则可能需要通过手术清洁伤口并开始使用抗生素。 然后，我们使用不同的技术和各种类型的敷料制剂来治疗伤口本身。 敷料范围从应用于伤口的简单凝胶到真空辅助闭合 (VAC)或蛆虫疗法等复杂类型。 我们的目标是在功能恢复的情况下完全治愈这些伤口。 相关文章 Understanding Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)What is a Gangrene? What Conditions Does a Vascular Centre Treat? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: health screening to prevent stroke singapore, how to prevent stroke singapore, stroke prevention singapore, stroke screening in singapore, stroke screening singapore, stroke specialist singapore 中风是当大脑某一部分的血液供应被切断时，人的大脑功能受损。 概述 中风是当大脑某一部分的血液供应被切断时，人的大脑功能受损。 这会阻止脑组织获得所需的营养和氧气。 一旦发生中风，脑细胞就会迅速死亡，一个人的病情会迅速恶化，在某些情况下会导致死亡。 有三种中风表现出相似的症状： 短暂性脑缺血发作 (TIA) TIA 通常被医生称为“小中风”，由于大脑中的暂时性血流阻塞，中风症状会持续很短的时间（短至 5 分钟）。 TIA 通常被忽视，因为症状是短暂的，但它可能是即将发生和更严重中风的早期指标。 必须立即寻求帮助。 缺血性中风 当大脑中的或通往大脑的动脉被阻塞时，就会发生缺血性中风。 这是最常见的中风类型，可以迅速发生，立即寻求帮助对于最大限度地减少对大脑的任何可能的功能损伤至关重要。 出血性中风 出血性中风比其他中风少见，但如果不及时治疗，同样会危及生命。 当大脑中的动脉开始渗漏或破裂时，就会发生出血性中风。 结果，由受影响区域控制的身体区域无法正常运作。 出血性中风有两种亚型： 当脑内出血时会发生颅内出血。 当出血发生在大脑和周围膜之间时，会发生蛛网膜下腔出血。 症状 中风是一种医疗紧急情况，如果您出现以下任何症状，您必须立即寻求医疗救助。 说话麻烦，理解别人在说什么。 患者可能会感到困惑或发现自己口齿不清。 瘫痪或麻木通常发生在身体的一侧（面部、手臂或腿部）。 患者也可能发现难以举起双臂或发现一侧面部下垂。 手颤抖 突然头晕，失去平衡，协调 一只或两只眼睛看不清或突然对光敏感 突然、剧烈的头痛 恶心和呕吐，吞咽困难 意识丧失 原因/风险因素 中风的两个主要原因是血管阻塞或破裂。 在 TIA 的情况下，这是对血流的暂时中断。 许多事情会增加中风的风险： 生活方式风险因素：（可治疗的疾病） 肥胖和缺乏运动 高血压（高血压） 高胆固醇 过量饮酒 抽烟 医疗风险因素：（大部分是无法治疗的情况） 年龄 头部外伤 脑动脉瘤 高血压、中风或任何心血管疾病的个人或家族史 诊断 中风筛查最适合中风高危人群，没有或有一些预警症状。 中风筛查过程包括： 咨询 验血 大脑及其血管的 MRI/CT 扫描 超声波扫描 这种非侵入性评估之后会根据个人需要提供适当的建议/治疗。 中风筛查可以根据需要与心脏和血管评估相结合，因为这些疾病的风险因素重叠。 我们的治疗 我们为中风提供的治疗可以细分 通过中风筛查预防中风 药物优化 风险因素控制 急性治疗 当中风发生时——急性中风治疗 当发生凝块或出血时 从阻塞的脑动脉中取出凝块 动脉瘤盘绕止血 对于反复发作的小中风 (TIA) 或中风 原因评估 狭窄或阻塞动脉支架置入术 开放手术以清除动脉阻塞 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default 血管畸形是可能发生在身体任何部位的动脉、静脉和/或淋巴管的异常生长。 概述 血管畸形是可能发生在身体任何部位的动脉、静脉和/或淋巴管的异常生长。 这些血管不是以正常的有序模式发展，而是以不受控制的网状结构发展。 这些畸形通常是非癌性的，但可以生长并侵入畸形周围的组织。 以下是我们治疗的一些常见类型的血管畸形： 动静脉畸形（AVM） ：静脉和动脉代替毛细血管的可见异常生长。 患者可能会在受影响的区域感到脉搏或颤抖。 静脉畸形（VM） ：静脉壁异常肿大，呈蓝色或皮肤色，皮下柔软的肿块。 淋巴静脉畸形（LVM） ：淋巴畸形是由淋巴系统发育异常引起的由充满液体的通道组成的非恶性肿块。 硬脑膜动静脉瘘：这是一种罕见的血管疾病，发生在大脑覆盖物（硬脑膜）的动脉和静脉之间出现异常连接（瘘管）时。 血管瘤：这是血管的非癌性生长，通常在婴儿身上显示为红色胎记，可以在身体的任何地方（通常在面部、头皮、背部或胸部）。 动静脉畸形 概述 动静脉畸形 (AVM) 是动脉和静脉之间的异常血管缠结，可能在出生前或出生后不久发展，影响超过 1% 的普通人群。 AVM 可以代替我们体内连接动脉和静脉的微小毛细血管，对正常血流产生不利影响。 AVM 常见于头部和颈部，很常见，并可能导致严重的并发症，包括癫痫发作、中风和呼吸问题。 症状 大多数 AVM 不会引起任何初始症状，许多 AVM 可以在人的一生中保持无症状。 然而，AVM 有出血的风险，其后果可能会根据其大小和严重程度而有所不同。 症状可在任何年龄出现，但通常在 10 至 40 岁之间变得明显。 由于怀孕期间血压升高，一些孕妇可能会在 AVM 周围出现恶化的症状。 症状包括： 皮肤变色 肿胀 AVM 上的皮肤可能更脆弱，更容易出现溃疡。 不适——疼痛和疼痛 对于大脑 AVM： 头痛，头部某一部位疼痛 身体某个部位的肌肉无力或麻木 癫痫发作 口语困难 混乱 原因/风险因素 脑 AVM 的原因尚不清楚，但许多人认为它是先天性的。 任何人都可能天生就有 AVM，一些风险因素包括： AVM 家族史。 目前尚不清楚患有 AVM 的家庭成员之间是否存在直接相关性，这会使其遗传。 但是，可能会遗传其他使人更容易患上 AVM 的条件。 静脉畸形 概述 静脉畸形（VM）是静脉壁的异常扩大，表现为皮肤下的蓝色或皮肤色的柔软肿块。 扩大的静脉导致压力降低和血流减慢，从而导致血栓形成。 症状 这些畸形可以发生在身体的任何部位，症状取决于其在体内的位置和类型。 相当多的患者只注意到畸形并在较晚的年龄（30-50 岁）被诊断出患有这种畸形。 即使那些像新生儿一样年轻的人也可能会出现这种情况，随着年龄的增长，通常会出现明显的症状。 它们包括： 肉眼可见的外观上令人不快的生长/软肿块 生长周围皮肤疼痛和进行性变色 肢体功能丧失。 包括肌肉无力、麻木，严重时，肢体瘫痪。 如果不及早治疗，大脑内的血管畸形可能会出血，由于大脑压力而导致中风或癫痫发作（发作）。 原因/风险因素 血管畸形多为先天性。 但是，没有任何证据表明它可以遗传。 在一些罕见的情况下，血管畸形可能是由外伤引起的。 淋巴管畸形 概述 淋巴管畸形 (LVM) 是一种罕见的非恶性肿块，由可能出现在身体任何部位的异常淋巴系统发育引起的充满液体的空间组成。 浅表淋巴管畸形可能看起来像皮下的小软肿块，而一些 LVM 在身体表面不可见。 无论 LVM 大小如何，它都可能导致附近结构或器官的功能受损以及受影响区域的毁容。 症状 通常，LVM 的症状是由附近结构的压迫或阻塞引起的，并且取决于大小和确切位置。 LVM 可能会出现并发症，包括复发性炎症或畸形出血。 当 LVM 发炎时，它会导致皮肤肿胀和发红（蜂窝织炎）。 复发性蜂窝织炎可导致受影响区域的疼痛和毁容。 LVM 出血可导致受影响区域的严重疼痛、肿胀和畸形扩大。 原因/风险因素 当淋巴静脉在怀孕期间未能正确形成和发育时，就会发生淋巴畸形。 硬脑膜动静脉瘘 概述 硬脑膜动静脉瘘 (DAVF) 是一种罕见的血管疾病，当大脑覆盖物 (dura mater) 的动脉和静脉之间出现异常连接 (瘘管) 时会发生这种情况。 当瘘管形成时，来自动脉的高压血液会直接进入静脉，而静脉通常会以较低的压力输送血液。 这会阻塞大脑的静脉系统，最终导致大脑功能障碍。 它们存在于大脑和脊柱中，并且往往会在以后的生活中发生。 症状 患有 DAVF 的人可能根本不会出现任何症状。 确实出现的症状可以从轻微到更具侵略性。 DAVF 的另一个显着标志是搏动性耳鸣。 当患者开始听到血液从动脉通过瘘管流入静脉的声音时，就会发生搏动性耳鸣，其特征是耳朵附近持续的呼啸声。 然而，必须注意的是，患有搏动性耳鸣的患者并不总是患有 DAVF，而是可能患有其他一些疾病。 温和的： 看到问题 眼球突出（突眼） 眼部肿胀 攻击性：通常由受影响区域的出血引起 癫痫发作 突然发作的头痛 说话困难 失智 协调问题 受影响区域周围有烧灼感或刺痛感 恶心或呕吐 血管畸形诊断 诊断通常在临床检查后作出。 成像程序，例如计算机断层扫描 扫描(CT扫描或CAT 扫描）， 磁共振成像（MRI ）、磁共振血管造影（可以进行MRA ) 和脑血管造影 (也称为数字减影血管造影或 DSA) 以确定畸形的位置和性质以及对周围组织的损伤程度。 经常重复这些测试以检查 AVM 大小的变化。 原因/风险因素 DVAF 形成的原因并没有明确的原因。 但是，已确定的一些模式包括： 既往血栓形成静脉 有外伤/既往手术史的身体部位可能会出现瘘管。 血栓形成家族史会使患者更容易感染 DVAF。 受影响的年龄组主要是 50-60 岁，但甚至可能影响儿童。 血管畸形诊断 诊断通常在临床检查后作出。 成像程序，例如计算机断层扫描 扫描(CT扫描或CAT 扫描）， 磁共振成像（MRI ）、磁共振血管造影（可以进行MRA ) 和脑血管造影 (也称为数字减影血管造影或 DSA) 以确定畸形的位置和性质以及对周围组织的损伤程度。 经常重复这些测试以检查 AVM 大小的变化。 我们的血管畸形治疗 手术切除畸形 - 如果不完全切除，可能会复发并再次生长，并且可能会毁容。 根据畸形的大小，一些患者可能需要几次这样的治疗。 相反，可以使用微创方法来阻止畸形的生长。 根据畸形的大小和类型，一些患者可能需要进行几次此类治疗。 这些方法包括： 栓塞：一种介入治疗，用于阻断血液流向异常血管，阻断畸形动脉。 这种治疗在治疗其目标区域非常有效。 硬化疗法：用疤痕溶液注射静脉/淋巴成分，导致血管/淋巴管收缩。 这是一种非手术程序，只需要注射。 血管瘤 概述 血管瘤是血管的非癌性生长，通常表现为婴儿身上的红色胎记，可以在身体的任何部位（通常在面部、头皮、背部或胸部）。 有些也可能在身体的内部器官上形成。 到孩子六岁时，大量的血管瘤会消失，无需进一步治疗即可自行消退。 然而，在一些儿童中，血管瘤可能会持续存在。 症状 大多数血管瘤不会引起任何明显的体征或症状，除了外观光滑且凸起的红色胎记的外观。 一旦消失，血管瘤先前占据的区域的皮肤可能会略微变色，并且皮肤中的小肿块可能会持续存在。 然而，在某些情况下，血管瘤可能会出血并发展成疮，导致疼痛和感染的可能性。 器官上的血管瘤也会引起一些并发症，包括其所在部位的疼痛，尽管这种情况非常罕见。 原因/风险因素 血管瘤的外观是由血管聚集在一起引起的。 但是，尚未确定发生这种情况的确切原因。 已经注意到婴儿血管瘤在以下情况更常见： 低出生体重婴儿 早产儿 多胞胎（例如双胞胎/三胞胎） 程序/治疗 血管瘤可以通过使用药物来解决，包括普萘洛尔和β受体阻滞剂。 然而，介入疗法为那些对药物无反应的患者或喜欢非药物途径的患者提供了一种替代治疗方法。 硬化疗法——这是一种微创手术，涉及将化学溶液注射到血管中。 该试剂引起血管壁炎症，导致血管闭塞。 激光疗法——激光可用于去除残留在表面的血管，并最大限度地减少血管瘤留下的任何异常，例如皮肤不均匀。 参考： https://www. pacificneuroscienceinstitute. org/stroke-neurovascular/conditions-and-treatments/brain-vascular-malformation/dural-arteriovenous-fistula-davf/ 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: Dialysis Singapore, Kidney Dialysis Access Singapore 透析通路管理帮助肾透析患者照顾他们的通路，并通过微创手术治疗功能失调的通路。 血液透析的血管通路 血管通路是指将管子插入患者血液中以方便进入他们的静脉的方法。 这种方法使肾衰竭患者能够进行血液透析。 无论肾衰竭的原因是什么，每个透析患者都必须接受血管通路。 该通道允许血液通过这些管子进入透析机，在那里它可以被清洁并返回到血液中。 血管通路分为三种类型： 中心静脉导管 动静脉瘘 (AVF) 动静脉移植物 (AVG) 中央静脉导管/永久导管 导管通路有时称为永久导管或 CVC（中央静脉导管），是指将 Y 形导管置于中央静脉（通常为颈静脉或股静脉）以允许血液从一个管腔抽出进入透析的通路电路，然后通过另一个腔返回。 这些导管可以以微创方式插入门诊诊所。 有两种类型的 CVC，隧道式和非隧道式： 非隧道式导管通路用于短期通路（最长约 14 天），导管从皮肤进入静脉的部位伸出。 隧道式导管（也称为永久导管）通路通常更长期，涉及更长的导管，该导管在皮肤下从静脉中的插入点穿过隧道到一定距离之外的出口部位。 它通常放置在颈部的颈内静脉中，出口部位一般在胸壁上。 隧道充当入侵细菌的屏障。 虽然称为 Perm Cath，但这种隧道式导管设计用于中短期访问，因为感染仍然是一个常见问题。 我们不建议放置 Perm Cath 超过六个月。 PERMCATH 并发症/感染导致的中央静脉狭窄 (CVS) CVS 是与 Perm Caths 的长期使用相关的一个严重且并不少见的问题。 由于导管是静脉中的异物，它经常在静脉壁中引起炎症反应。 这导致静脉变得疤痕和变窄，从而导致血流阻塞。 众所周知，CVS 会引起面部、颈部、胸部和/或上肢肿胀等症状。 我们的治疗 CVS 的治疗需要一种称为静脉成形术的手术，这是一种用于打开阻塞静脉的治疗方法。 在此过程中，将气球通过导线插入静脉并充气以打开静脉。 有时，如果狭窄对球囊扩张有抵抗力，则可以在其上放置支架（金属支撑支柱）以保持静脉畅通。 静脉成形术和支架植入术可以在局部麻醉或轻度镇静下进行，也可以作为日间手术进行。 https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=LuSJ86yjk7o 动静脉瘘 (AVF) AVF 是动脉和静脉的外科手术连接。 它是首选的进入方法，并且可以比支架或导管持续更长的时间。 它是通过将动脉和静脉缝合在一起而产生的，通常在手、前臂或肘部的非优势臂中。 AVF 的感染率较低，因为长时间没有异物留在体内。 虽然它可能需要长达 8-12 周才能成熟并完全发挥作用，但它被认为比其他方法更有效，因为它允许更高的血流速度和更有效的透析。 总的来说，AVF 的并发症比额外的访问要少。 AVF 通常在局部麻醉下进行，并作为日间手术进行。 动静脉移植物 (AVG) 与 AVF 类似，AVG 程序将动脉与静脉连接起来。 然而，它使用由合成材料制成的人造容器来代替它们。 当患者的静脉太小或阻塞时插入 AVG。 虽然 AVG 可以比瘘管更快地成熟，早在 48 小时内发育，但它更容易受到感染，并且通常每隔几年更换一次。 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: Aortic Aneurysm, Aortic Aneurysm Treatments An Aortic Aneurysm (AA) develops when the wall of the aorta weakens and begins to bulge outwards like a balloon. OVERVIEW The aorta is the largest artery in the body. It is the main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. It extends from the heart into the chest, down to the abdomen and into the pelvis. From there, it then goes down to form the main blood supply to the legs. During its course, the aorta gives off vital branches that form the key arterial blood supply to vital organs such as the liver, stomach, intestines and kidneys. An Aortic Aneurysm (AA) develops when the wall of the aorta weakens and begins to bulge outwards like a balloon. There are several regions where an aortic aneurysm may develop: In the chest: Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) In the abdomen: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Between the chest and abdomen: Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm (TAAA) In its early stages, when an AA is small in size, it does not pose an immediate health risk. However, if the AA continues to grow, the walls of the aorta or its lower branches can become thin and lose their ability to stretch. The weakened sections of the wall may become unable to support the force and pressure of blood flow. Such an aneurysm could burst, causing severe internal bleeding and death. SYMPTOMS Pain – persistent and severe pain in the chest, abdomen, and back or the lower limbs Persistent fever Pulsating or throbbing mass in the abdomen Gangrene patches in the toes Recurrent vomiting after eating CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Patients are advised to undergo screening if they belong to the following risk factor groups: Chronic smokers Older than 65 yrs, predominantly males Long-term hypertension and/or heart disease Those with congenital soft tissue diseases such as Marfan’ syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Strong family history of aortic aneurysms and dissections DIAGNOSIS Diagnosis is based on clinical examination where an aneurysm can be felt as a throbbing mass in the abdomen. An ultrasound scan or CT scan is recommended for confirmation of an aneurysm OUR TREATMENTS There are two types of treatment for AA: Open Surgical Repair – This is the conventional method of aneurysm repair that involves making long incisions on the chest wall. Open surgical repair is a robust method but has significant morbidity and mortality risks due to its invasive nature that is recommended only for younger patients with low surgical risk. Post-surgery recovery usually requires ICU care for up to 1 week. Patients generally take about one month to 6 weeks to full recovery. Minimally Invasive Repair – This method uses covered stent-grafts, also known as EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR). It involves the insertion of special stents (small tubes that hold the vessel open) through the leg femoral arteries via small (1cm) incisions in the groin into site of aneurysm, relining the stent and excluding it from the arterial blood pressure circulation under X-ray guidance (fluoroscopy) EVAR can be done for older patients or patients with many comorbidities who have higher surgical risks. Also, due to its minimally invasive nature, EVAR can be done under local anaesthetic and mild sedation. Patients who undergo EVAR usually do not require ICU stay and are patients are up and about in 8 hours and are discharged 48 hours post-surgery. In selected cases, young and fit patients can even be discharged on the same day. FOLLOW-UP CARE After the AA has been treated, all patients should have regular follow-ups for the rest of their life. This is because the disease can continue to develop in other parts of the aorta that were previously aneurysm-free. It is not uncommon for a patient with an abdominal aneurysm to then develop a thoracic aneurysm and vice versa. This is especially so if the patient still has persistent risk factors such as smoking and hypertension. Follow-up post aneurysm repair requires repeat ultrasound scans and CT scans to be done at regular intervals (6 monthly at first and then annually). This is particularly important for patients who have undergone the EVAR procedure and the scans are done to detect leaks around the covered stent graft. AORTIC DISSECTION OVERVIEW An aortic dissection occurs when there is a tear in the wall of the aorta, resulting in blood flowing in between the muscle layers of the aorta. As a result, the aorta is divided into two openings instead of one. An aortic dissection can disrupt flow into the artery branches and organs supplied by the aorta, including the intestines, kidneys and legs, ultimately causing organ failure. SYMPTOMS Severe chest pain associated with elevated blood pressure Local abdominal pain and tenderness CAUSES/RISK FACTORS At-risk groups include: Those suffering from uncontrolled hypertension Those with congenital soft tissue diseases such as Marfan’ syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Those who may have sustained trauma to the aorta e. g a motor vehicle accident DIAGNOSIS A contrast CT scan of the chest and abdomen is the best way to diagnose an aortic dissection. It will also reveal where the initial tear in the aortic wall is, the extent of the dissection (which parts of the aorta is involved) and the affected organs/blood supply. This will give the doctors an idea of the best way to treat the dissection OUR TREATMENTS The immediate priority will be to control the elevated blood pressure so that the dissection does not worsen. The next step is either open surgery to repair the tear of the aortic wall or minimally invasive EVAR – the insertion of a stent-graft through the groin arteries. Kandola, A. (2020, May 27). Abdominal aortic aneurysm: Screening, treatment, and symptoms. Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm References: Kandola, A. (2020, May 27). Abdominal aortic aneurysm: Screening, treatment, and symptoms. Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm Related Articles Understanding Aortic Aneurysm: Symptoms & CausesFrom Detection to Recovery: A Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysms in SingaporeAortic Aneurysm: A Guide to Understanding the Risks and Treatment Options in SingaporeA Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysm in SingaporeGuide to Aortic Aneurysm: Treatments in Singapore --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: pelvic congestion syndrome, pelvic congestion syndrome specialist near me 盆腔充血综合征是一种影响女性的慢性疾病，由下腹部或骨盆的静脉曲张引起。 概述 盆腔充血综合征是一种影响女性的慢性疾病，由下腹部或骨盆的静脉曲张引起。 静脉中的瓣膜变弱并且不能正常关闭。 结果，血液开始倒流并汇集在骨盆静脉以及连接腿部的静脉中。 我附近的盆腔充血综合征专家 症状 骨盆沉重的疼痛，可能会延伸到下背部。 性交时疼痛 月经量大出血 腿部沉重和肿胀，尤其是长时间站立时。 复发性静脉曲张 原因/风险因素 这种情况通常会影响 20-50 岁以前怀孕的女性。 主 PCS 被认为是特发性的 但生过 2 个或更多孩子的女性风险更高 建议的病因 - 盆腔附件静脉/卵巢静脉反复扩张以适应怀孕期间血容量的增加 次要 PCS 由于相关的肾胡桃夹子综合症 覆盖的 SMA 压迫左肾静脉，导致压力升高，从而导致功能不全和从左卵巢静脉回流（反流）到盆腔附件静脉 由于相关的髂静脉压迫综合征（May-Thurner 综合征） 上覆的右髂动脉压迫（左）髂总静脉，导致从髂内静脉回流到盆腔静脉 诊断 腹部和骨盆CT 扫描 盆腔静脉造影——通过腹股沟静脉插入导管并将造影剂（一种染料）注入盆腔器官静脉的过程。 我们的治疗 卵巢静脉栓塞术 包括将细导管插入腹股沟的股静脉。 导管在透视（一种 X 射线技术）的帮助下被引导至受影响的静脉。 通过导管插入带有硬化剂（也用于静脉曲张）的微小钛线圈以关闭受影响的静脉。 在大多数情况下，这是作为日间手术进行的，允许患者在手术的同一天出院。 https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=7XlcxfxqB0Q 单击此处下载我们的盆腔充血综合征手册 相关文章 Understanding Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Causes & TreatmentTackling Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: A Comprehensive Guide for Singaporeans --- - Service Category: Default 我们提供一种微创和无切口的方法来治疗子宫肌瘤并保护子宫。 概述 子宫肌瘤是子宫常见的非癌性肿瘤。 据估计，到 35 岁时，多达 40-50% 的女性患有子宫肌瘤。 子宫肌瘤有四种基本类型，根据它们在子宫中的位置分类： 浆膜下肌瘤：这些在子宫外部发育并继续向外生长 壁内肌瘤：这些是最常见的类型，在子宫壁中发育并扩张。 粘膜下肌瘤：这些是最不常见的，在子宫腔内发展，导致月经过多和长时间出血 有蒂肌瘤：这些生长在茎或茎上。 茎附着在子宫壁上，可以在子宫外或子宫腔内生长 显示各种子宫肌瘤的图表 症状 在一些女性中，肌瘤会产生轻微的症状或根本没有症状。 对于其他人，子宫肌瘤的症状包括： 月经周期异常（严重或频繁发生） 痛经期 性交期间或之后的疼痛 膀胱受压导致尿频 急性或严重的骨盆疼痛 腹胀 原因/风险因素 年龄 遗传 月经来得太早 肥胖 维生素D缺乏 过量饮酒 抽烟 无妊娠史 诊断 子宫超声扫描 特别是如果有多个肌瘤，则需要进行 CT 扫描。 我们的治疗 子宫肌瘤栓塞术 UFE 通过腹股沟或桡动脉穿刺完成 然后使用透视（一种 X 射线技术）将导管引导至供应子宫和肌瘤的动脉 然后将小颗粒或微球注射到供应肌瘤的动脉中，从而切断肌瘤的血液供应。 手术后，这些肌瘤应该开始缩小并缩小 https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=eVF20SS4KZA 如果您满足以下条件，您就是 UFE 的合适人选： 是 35 岁以上的女性 目前没有怀孕 被诊断出患有子宫肌瘤 出现大量出血、痉挛、骨盆疼痛、腹胀或尿频等症状 如果您更喜欢可以保留子宫的非手术子宫肌瘤治疗方案，您也是候选人。 在做出决定之前，请务必与您的医生讨论所有选项。 UFE 的一些好处包括： 一种有效缩小子宫肌瘤的微创手术 只需要局部（而不是全身）麻醉；仅麻木身体的一个区域而不是完全镇静 不会像大多数其他手术技术那样造成疤痕 虽然 UFE 手术后会有一些中度疼痛，但通常比术后疼痛要轻 与子宫切除术相比，如果您想保留子宫，这是一个不错的选择 85-90% 的女性症状明显缓解 与传统手术相比，恢复时间更快 当天程序通常没有过夜 与传统的开放式手术相比，感染风险降低 单击此处下载我们的子宫肌瘤手册 参考： 子宫肌瘤。 （2021 年 9 月 16 日）。 检索于 2022 年 1 月 25 日，来自 https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/symptoms-causes/syc-20354288 相关文章 Uterine Fibroid Embolisation: Taking Control of Uterine Fibroids in SingaporeGuide to Uterine Fibroids in SingaporeCan Uterine Fibroids affect Fertility? Do I have Uterine Fibroids? All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids --- - Service Category: Default 勃起功能障碍是无法勃起或保持勃起，而静脉渗漏是造成勃起功能障碍的 80% 以上的原因。 概述 为了让男性在性交期间保持勃起僵硬，血液需要留在阴茎中，直到男性射精。 静脉闭塞，即静脉的收缩，发生将血液困在里面。 一旦男人达到高潮，静脉就会扩张，血液会流回体内。 如果静脉没有足够收缩，血液会漏回体内，失去勃起。 许多患有这种勃起功能障碍的男性发现他们起初可以勃起，但无法保持僵硬。 勃起功能障碍是无法实现和维持足够牢固的勃起以进行性交，影响多达 43. 5% 的 60 多岁男性 。 勃起功能障碍的主要原因是静脉渗漏，在新加坡超过 80% 的病例出现。 症状 无法维持性交勃起。 原因/风险因素 高血压 高胆固醇 糖尿病 周边血管疾病 压力过大 肥胖 动脉粥样硬化家族史 抽烟 焦虑 诊断 多普勒超声 –检查进出阴茎的血流。 海绵体造影 –使用放射造影对比显示静脉渗漏。 我们的治疗 血管内（逆行/顺行）栓塞 通过将细导管插入深背静脉或股静脉来栓塞前列腺周围静脉丛。 X 射线透视用于将导管引导至受影响的静脉，注射小钛线圈和栓塞剂将永久封闭受影响的静脉。 你可以期待什么 该程序在轻度镇静下进行，患者通常在同一天从我们中心出院。 最小的疼痛和不适。 没有手术疤痕。 快速返回日常活动。 谁有资格参加此程序？ 被诊断患有静脉渗漏的患者。 希望避免侵入性手术的患者。 https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=JDXkxY5Zf04 单击此处下载我们的静脉渗漏和勃起功能障碍手册 参考： Singapore Med J 2003 Vol 44(1) : 020-026新加坡勃起功能障碍：患病率及其相关因素——基于人群的研究 JK Tan, CY Hong, DJC Png, LCH Liew, ML Wong 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: deep vein thrombosis treatment singapore, what is deep vein thrombosis 深静脉血栓形成 (DVT) 是一种血栓在下肢或上肢深静脉中自发形成的疾病。 概述 深静脉血栓形成 (DVT) 是一种血栓在下肢或上肢深静脉中自发形成的疾病。 幸运的是，大多数 DVT 病例不会危及生命，可以通过药物治疗。 这些通常涉及膝盖或前臂以下的腿段。 然而，DVT 患者的膝盖或上臂以上向心脏延伸可能会面临更大的危险，因为 DVT 中的凝块会碎裂并进入心脏和肺部，导致称为肺栓塞 (PE)的严重疾病. 这种情况会危及生命，因为它会阻止氧气转移到静脉血并造成重大的死亡风险。 什么是深静脉血栓的图片 症状 症状包括： 肿胀和压痛的手臂/腿：在腿部，肿胀和压痛可能从小腿开始，然后延伸到大腿和腹股沟。 而在手臂中，它可以从前臂开始并向上扩散到心脏。 心跳加快（心动过速） 单独或与肢体肿胀有关的呼吸短促：这表明患者需要紧急医疗护理，因为他们可能正在经历肺栓塞。 原因/风险因素 常见原因和风险因素包括： 长时间不动（例如长途飞行或旅行） 在涉及四肢、骨盆或腹部的大手术后， 肥胖 脱水 手臂/腿的严重创伤 具有凝血的遗传倾向，导致 DVT 血管解剖异常（如 May-Thurner 综合征或 Paget-Schroetter 综合征） 潜在癌症的存在可能导致血液更容易凝结（副肿瘤综合征） 诊断 诊断基于高度怀疑，包括风险因素病史和显示深静脉凝块存在的超声扫描。 其他相关检查包括肺动脉 CT 扫描和怀疑 PE 时的通气灌注扫描。 如果有潜在的癌症怀疑，其他调查包括血液筛查促凝血因子和肿瘤标志物。 我们的治疗 DVT 的药物治疗：根据健康史，医生会开出稀释血液药物（抗凝血剂），以防止血栓形成并溶解现有的血栓约 6 个月。 DVT 的微创机械治疗：如果 DVT 广泛（例如向上延伸到大腿并进入骨盆静脉），有时需要结合使用机械装置和特定药物来溶解凝块。 这个过程称为溶栓，通常在 DVT 不到两周的情况下进行，并且可以作为微创手术进行。 溶栓是其他长期 DVT 并发症的预防措施，包括血栓后综合征 (PTS) 和肢体静脉溃疡。 其他额外的治疗包括使用支架来保持压缩的静脉开放。 相关文章 Types of Treatments for Vascular DiseasesHow to Prevent Diseases related to your VeinsDeep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): What is it and how is it treated? --- - Service Category: Default 精索静脉曲张是阴囊内扩张的静脉缠结的病症，睾丸静脉中的瓣膜失效，血液倒流并汇集，导致疼痛的充血和肿胀。 概述 您是否有时会感到轻度至中度，甚至严重且持久的睾丸疼痛？ 你可能有精索静脉曲张。 精索静脉曲张（VAR-ih-koe-sel）是指阴囊内扩张的静脉缠结。 睾丸需要来自动脉和静脉的血流来执行重要的功能。 就像腿部的静脉曲张一样，当睾丸静脉中的瓣膜失效时，血液会倒流并汇集，变得停滞并导致疼痛的充血和肿胀。 精索静脉曲张患者可能会在睾丸、阴囊或腹股沟处感受到刺痛到钝痛，并延伸到他们的腹部区域。 精索静脉曲张患者也会出现阴囊沉重，运动或长时间站立后会加重。 精索静脉曲张很常见，每 5 名男性中就有 1 名受到影响 。 由于左侧睾丸静脉的位置，它们通常发生在阴囊的左侧，尽管在某些情况下它会影响右侧甚至两者。 有些患者可能不会出现任何疼痛症状。 然而，精索静脉曲张是导致精子产量低和精子质量下降的主要原因，最终导致 40% 无法生育第一个孩子的男性不育。 它们可以抑制睾丸的正常发育，反而导致它们收缩。 症状 如果您碰巧患有精索静脉曲张，您可能会遇到以下症状： 阴囊和睾丸有不同程度的疼痛（从尖锐到钝痛） 站立或体力消耗增加疼痛，尤其是长时间 躺下时疼痛缓解 你的一个睾丸有肿块/肿胀 阴囊中明显充血或扭曲的静脉（“蠕虫袋”） 睾丸萎缩 有些精索静脉曲张不需要任何进一步的治疗。 但是，如果您碰巧患有非常疼痛的精索静脉曲张，导致阴囊肿胀，导致睾丸萎缩（睾丸缩小）或者您正在考虑辅助生殖技术，您可能需要考虑治疗精索静脉曲张。 精索静脉曲张可能会使睾丸温度过高，从而影响精子的形成、运动和整体功能。 您越早开始治疗这种疾病，您提高精子产量和质量的机会就越大。 原因/风险因素 精索静脉曲张可能发生在任何年龄的男性身上，一些专家认为精索静脉曲张的存在可能从出生开始就发生。 精索静脉曲张通常在青春期形成并被发现，此时流向生殖器的血流量增加，在这些情况下，它们会阻碍睾丸的正常生长和发育。 诊断 幸运的是，如果您碰巧患有精索静脉曲张，您不必担心。 他们中的大多数人相对容易诊断，如果他们没有表现出明显的阻塞性症状，则许多人不需要治疗。 精索静脉曲张通常是通过对阴囊的自我检查或在常规医生检查中发现的。 由于它们的外观和感觉精索和睾丸大小，它们可以被识别为“蠕虫袋”揭示可能是精索静脉曲张一部分的任何可能超过 3 毫米的静脉。 我们的治疗 精索静脉曲张切除术是指在医院进行的当天手术。 有几种方法可以进行精索静脉曲张切除术，所有这些方法都涉及阻断精索静脉中的血流，并且将在全身麻醉下进行。 显微镜下精索静脉曲张切除术涉及泌尿科医生通过阴囊上方 1 厘米的切口结扎（夹住或打结）所有小静脉，这需要 2-3 小时才能完成。 然后血液能够流动，避开这些异常静脉。 腹腔镜精索静脉曲张切除术涉及泌尿科医生将细管插入腹部以结扎静脉，只需 30-40 分钟即可完成。 两种精索静脉曲张切除术的愈合时间（约 1 周）和疼痛程度大致相同，而且手术通常是安全的，术后并发症非常罕见。 并发症虽然罕见，但包括： 精索静脉曲张残留（持续）或复发（复发） 睾丸周围形成液体（鞘膜积液） 睾丸动脉损伤 或者，可以提供一种称为经皮栓塞的微创治疗，通过腹股沟或静脉通路穿刺进行。 在此过程中，使用 X 射线透视引导导管以查看问题的根源并定位通向精索静脉曲张的所有静脉。 在栓塞过程中，将金属线圈和栓塞剂注入供应精索静脉曲张的异常血管中，以阻断血流。 这可以通过局部麻醉或轻度镇静来完成，过程持续 45 分钟到一个小时之间的任何时间。 经皮栓塞术后，您将能够在手术当天出院，并在一周内恢复正常的日常活动。 此外，该手术引起的疼痛最小、有效且安全。 栓塞的复发率与手术没有区别，但在某些情况下，栓塞优于手术。 如果您希望提高生育能力，则绝对应该与其他生育治疗选择一起讨论精索静脉曲张的治疗。 要了解更多信息，请咨询我们的一位医生，以帮助您诊断精索静脉曲张，了解您的选择并选择最适合您的解决方案。 单击此处下载我们的精索静脉曲张手册 参考 精索静脉曲张：睾丸疼痛、症状、治疗、男性不育。 克利夫兰诊所。 (nd)。 检索于 2022 年 2 月 10 日，来自 https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/15239-varicocele 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default 良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 是前列腺的扩大，其中扩大的前列腺压迫尿道，这会影响尿液的流动和通过。 概述 良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 是一种影响男性的非癌性疾病，由前列腺肥大引起。 扩大的前列腺压迫从膀胱向外的尿道——尿道，从而影响尿液的流动和通过。 症状 患有 BPH 的患者可能会出现严重影响其生活方式的症状。 其中一些症状包括： 经常或迫切需要小便，尤其是在夜间（夜尿症） 开始排尿困难 微弱的尿流或停止和开始的流 排尿结束时运球 尿路感染 无法排尿/排空膀胱 尿液中有血 原因/风险因素 年龄较大 前列腺问题家族史 较高的 BMI/低水平的体力活动 我们的治疗 前列腺动脉栓塞术 PAE 是一种微创手术，通过阻断供给腺体的动脉并使其收缩来治疗扩大和麻烦的前列腺。 PAE 于 2009 年首次进行，从那时起，全世界许多男性都使用这种方法成功治疗。 在 PAE 中，在局部麻醉下在腹股沟动脉中进行穿刺，并在 X 射线引导下将导丝和导管穿过供应前列腺的动脉。 然后将微小的微球/颗粒注射到供应前列腺的小动脉中，以阻断前列腺的血液供应。 结果，前列腺缩小，尿道受压较少。 PAE 可以在局部麻醉和一些轻度镇静下作为日间手术程序进行。 大多数患者在手术过程中感到轻微的疼痛和不适，在手术后 4-6 小时内恢复并可以出院回家。 PAE 没有任何尿失禁或阳痿的风险。 研究表明，在完成 PAE 后，大多数患者报告他们的麻烦症状有所改善。 许多男性也可以长期停止服用口服药物。 这使得 PAE 对此类患者非常具有成本效益。 特别适合PAE的患者： 服用口服药物但仍有症状的患者 接受过其他程序（见上文）但症状未见改善的患者 症状严重且被认为有全身麻醉和手术风险的老年患者 因出血风险不适合 TURP 的患者 希望保持尿失禁和性能力的患者 单击此处下载我们的良性前列腺增生手册 参考： 经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）。 （2022 年 1 月 4 日）。 检索于 2022 年 1 月 25 日，来自 https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/turp/about/pac-20384880 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: brain aneurysm surgery, brain aneurysm surgery singapore Brain aneurysm is the bulging or ballooning of a blood vessel supplying the brain. Those aged 40-60 years are most likely to be affected. OVERVIEW Brain aneurysm is the bulging or ballooning of a blood vessel supplying the brain. Brain aneurysms are present in 1 to 2% of the population. Those aged 40-60 years are most likely to be affected. SYMPTOMS Headaches Double vision The most serious complication is bursting or rupturing of the aneurysm that leads to severe sudden episodes of headache and immediate death in up to 20% of affected patients. In the remaining affected population, it leads to serious haemorrhagic stroke that is potentially debilitating if left untreated. RISK FACTORS Some of the known risk factors include: Family history Smoking Hypertension Polycystic kidney disease Age over 50 years. DIAGNOSIS A simple CT scan or an MRI scan is all that is needed to diagnose a brain aneurysm and plan treatment. OUR TREATMENT Brain aneurysms are a treatable condition and the best time to treat it is before it ruptures. Coiling is a minimally invasive technique and a common alternative to the traditional open surgery method of clipping. Coiling may be balloon or stent assisted. Another method is to use a special flow diverter stent to treat the aneurysm. Involves a small incision in the groin to access a blood vessel. Small catheters and wires are put through the incision and directed to the brain to block off the aneurysm. The treatment time and length of recovery period are both much shorter than open surgery (1-2 days if the aneurysm is unruptured). Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: Dialysis Singapore, Kidney Dialysis Access Singapore Dialysis access management helps kidney dialysis patients care for their accesses and treats dysfunctional accesses with minimally invasive procedures. VASCULAR ACCESS FOR HAEMODIALYSIS Vascular access refers to the method in which a tube is inserted into a patient’s bloodstream to grant easy access to their veins. This method enables kidney failure patients to undergo haemodialysis. No matter the cause of kidney failure, every dialysis patient must undergo vascular access. The access allows blood to travel through these tubes into the dialysis machine where it can be cleaned and returned into the bloodstream. There are three types of vascular access: Central venous catheter Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) Arteriovenous Graft (AVG) CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER/PERMANENT CATHETER Catheter access sometimes called a Permanent Catheter or CVC (central venous catheter), is access where a Y-shaped catheter is placed into a central vein (usually the jugular or femoral vein) to allow blood to be withdrawn from one lumen to enter the dialysis circuit, then be returned via the other lumen. These catheters can be inserted in an outpatient clinic in a minimally invasive way. There are two types of CVCs, tunnelled and non-tunnelled: Non-tunnelled catheter access is for short-term access (up to about 14 days), and the catheter emerges from the skin at the site of entry into the vein. Tunnelled catheter (also known as Permanent Catheters) access is usually more long term, involves a longer catheter, which is tunnelled under the skin from the point of insertion in the vein to an exit site some distance away. It is usually placed in the internal jugular vein in the neck, and the exit site is generally on the chest wall. The tunnel acts as a barrier to invading bacteria. Although called a Perm Cath, such tunnelled catheters are designed for short- to medium-term access because the infection is still a frequent problem. We do not recommend placing a Perm Cath for more than six months. CENTRAL VEIN STENOSIS (CVS) AS A RESULT OF PERMCATH COMPLICATION/INFECTION CVS is a serious, and not uncommon, a problem associated with the long-term use of Perm Caths. As the catheter is a foreign body in the vein, it often provokes an inflammatory reaction in the vein wall. This results in the vein becoming scarred and narrowing, which causes a blockage to the blood flow. CVS has been known to cause symptoms such as swelling in the face, neck, chest and/or the upper limbs. OUR TREATMENTS Treatment of CVS requires a procedure known as a Venoplasty, a treatment used to open clogged veins. In this procedure, a balloon is inserted into the vein through a wire and inflated in order to open up the vein. Sometimes, if the narrowing is resistant to the balloon dilatation, then a stent (metal supporting strut) may be placed across it to keep the vein open. The Venoplasty and Stenting can be done under local anaesthesia or mild sedation and as a day surgery procedure. https://youtu. be/LuSJ86yjk7o ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA (AVF) An AVF is the surgical connection of an artery and a vein. It is the preferred access method and can last for a longer time than a stent or catheter. It is created by stitching an artery and a vein together, usually in the non-dominant arm in either the hand, forearm or elbow. AVFs have lower infection rates as no foreign materials are left in the body for extended periods of time. While it may take up to 8-12 weeks to mature and become fully functional, it is considered to be more effective than other methods as it allows for a higher rate of blood flow and more effective dialysis. On the whole, an AVF has fewer complications than additional accesses. An AVF is usually done under local anaesthesia and as a day surgery. ARTERIOVENOUS GRAFT (AVG) Similar to an AVF, an AVG procedure connects an artery with a vein. However, it uses an artificial vessel made of synthetic materials to join them instead. An AVG is inserted when a patient’s veins are too small or blocked. While an AVG can mature faster than fistulas, developing as early as 48 hours, it is more prone to an infection and will generally be changed once every few years. Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default Interventional oncology procedures include biopsies, minimally invasive treatments of cancer. OVERVIEW Normally, there are chemical signals in the body that control when cell division will take place, such as during growth, repair and cell replacement. However, if cells divide to produce higher numbers than necessary, they can accumulate to form masses of cells known as tumours. Tumours may be benign, meaning that they only grow in one specific location. Such tumours are considered non-cancerous and can produce no symptoms at all unless they compress essential structures such as blood vessels or nerves. In these situations, even tumours that remain in one area of the body can cause significant damage. Cancer is the abnormal, uncontrolled division of cells that have the potential to affect normal function of organs at the site of disease. Cancerous tumours are those with the ability to move around the body and grow in new locations, causing considerable damage in the process. These tumours are known as malignant tumours. SYMPTOMS Patients will experience different symptoms depending on the location of the primary site of a tumour. Some general symptoms include: The presence of a lump under the skin that may/may not be felt Fatigue Unexpected weight loss/gain Fever Pain OUR TREATMENTS We offer the following interventional procedures for the treatment of liver and kidney tumors and cancer: Biopsy A biopsy is a medical test to examine the presence or extent of a disease in the body tissue The doctor will extract a sample of cells or tissue from the patient With the biopsy, CT and Ultrasound guidance, a cancer diagnosis can be formed. Cancer Therapy Access Includes the creation of temporary portacath insertions (a small device inserted into the chest) and PICC lines placement (A catheter that gives doctors access to central veins near the heart) for cancer patients to receive chemotherapy without the need for repeated needle pricks. Also prevents damage to the hand veins. Drainage procedures Help relieve uncomfortable symptoms for cancer patients who may suffer from fluid retention as a side effect. Catheters are used for this procedure Tumour Ablation Involves using minimally invasive techniques to treat tumours or alleviate symptoms. Examples of ablation procedures include radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation and cryoablation. Tumour Embolisation Involves targeted therapy being delivered directly to tumours. There is minimal impact on healthy tissues, and side effects are reduced Examples of embolisation procedures include chemoembolisation, radioembolisation (selective internal radiation therapy ), DC beads chemoembolisation and bland embolisation. Vascular interventions Involves the use of minimally invasive techniques to place stents to stop bleeding and block the flow of blood to and from tumour tissue to support chemotherapy and radiation therapy response. Pain management therapies Injections and blocks can be used to provide relief from cancer-related pain. Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: best pain management doctor in singapore, pain management singapore Interventional pain management involves minimally invasive techniques specifically designed to relieve or reduce pain. OVERVIEW Interventional pain management involves minimally invasive techniques specifically designed to relieve or reduce pain. The techniques utilise a multidisciplinary approach to help patients manage their pain and ultimately improve the overall quality of life of patients. Common areas where Interventional pain management techniques can be employed: Knee pain (osteoarthritis) Lower back pain (spinal stenosis, slipped disc, vertebral fractures) Shoulder pain (osteoarthritis, adhesive capsulitis, rotator cuff injuries) Neck pain Headaches COMMON PAIN SYMPTOMS Joint pain Stiffness Swelling Tenderness Grating sensation during joint movement COMMON CAUSES/RISK FACTORS FOR PAIN Age High body mass Index Inflammation Family history Pre-existing conditions Sports injury OUR TREATMENTS Interventional pain management consists of day-surgery and minimally invasive procedures that combine medical and physical therapy. Medical: Imaging guidance such as X-Ray guidance (fluoroscopy), ultrasound or CT guidance enables doctors to access the exact source of pain Physical: Our specialists work with allied health professionals and lifestyle fitness instructors to continue to aid the patient in managing their pain pre and post-surgery. Summary of treatments offered: Condition Procedures Knee pain (osteoarthritis) Genicular artery embolisation Genicular nerve ablation Knee joint injections Back pain (spinal stenosis, slipped disc, vertebral fractures) Non-surgical nerve blocks via medical injections Radiofrequency ablation Chemical ablation Percutaneous disc procedures Shoulder pain (osteoarthritis, adhesive capsulitis, rotator cuff injuries) Artery embolisation Nerve ablation Headaches and persistent facial and Neck pain Non-surgical nerve blocks via medical injections KNEE PAIN OVERVIEW Knee osteoarthritis is a long-term degenerative condition characterised by the progressive degradation of articular cartilage, reduction in knee joint fluid and inflammation. TREATMENTS Traditional treatment for osteoarthritis involves medication, physical therapy, joint injections and eventually knee joint replacement surgery. Interventional pain management for knee pain involves minimally invasive techniques that are done under imaging guidance. These are done as day surgeries under light sedation and back to activity the following day. This is especially useful in patients who are not improving with medication and physical therapy and still have a long way to go before considering knee replacement operation. Minimally invasive treatment options we offer include: Genicular nerve ablation: This involves selectively applying radiofrequency waves to the affected nerves in the knee. Genicular artery embolization: This minimally invasive procedure uses a catheter to inject spherical particles to create a blockage to the flow of blood to certain parts of the knee that cause pain. Knee joint injection of Autologous Protein Solution (APS): APS solution is derived from the patient’s blood. It contains high concentrations of anti-inflammatory and anabolic proteins that are injected directly into the affected area to relieve symptoms. Click here to download our Knee Osteoarthritis brochure BACK PAIN OVERVIEW Back pain is the leading cause of disability that prevents many people from engaging in daily activities worldwide. Common conditions associated with back pain include: Spinal stenosis – is the narrowing of the space around the spinal cord resulting in compression on a section of nerve tissue. Slipped disc – is dislocation of the spinal disc (cushion) and it presses on nerves. Vertebral fractures – is a break to one of the bones in your spine. TREATMENTS Treatments we offer include: Non-surgical nerve blocks via medical injections either outside the spinal cord or site of pain : Epidural injections Facet joint injections Nerve root injections Peripheral nerve block Sympathetic nerve block Radiofrequency ablation: This involves selectively applying radiofrequency waves to the affected nerves in the spine. Chemical ablation (Ultrasound-Guided Sclerotherapy): This involves non-invasive pain-free injections of medicine into blood vessels or lymph vessels that causes them to shrink. Percutaneous discectomy: This is a minimally invasive procedure to remove herniated disc material that is pressing on a nerve root or on the spinal cord. SHOULDER PAIN OVERVIEW Shoulder pain is a common problem affecting our lifestyle and quality of life. Along with lifestyle issues, it can cause severe pain and discomfort that can be adversely affecting quality of life. Other conditions that causes shoulder pain include: Shoulder osteoarthritis – wearing of the articular cartilage leading to bone remodelling, losing its sphericity and congruity. The joint capsule also becomes thickened, leading to further loss of shoulder rotation. Frozen shoulder (Adhesive capsulitis) – Frozen shoulder occurs when the strong connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint becomes thick, stiff, and inflamed. Rotator cuff injuries – Injury of the group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint. Traditional treatment for shoulder pain involves medication, physical therapy, joint injections and eventually surgery. TREATMENTS Interventional pain management for shoulder pain involves minimally invasive techniques that are done under imaging guidance. These are done as day surgery procedures under light sedation and the patient is back to activity within a couple of days. This is especially useful in patients who find their conditions not improving with medication and physical therapy and/or still have a long way to go before considering an open surgical operation. Minimally invasive treatment options we offer include: Suprascapular nerve ablation: this is done under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance. It involves selectively applying radiofrequency waves to the nerves surrounding the shoulder to effectively relieve pain there. Shoulder artery embolization: this minimally invasive procedure uses a catheter to inject spherical particles to create a blockage to the flow of blood to certain parts of the shoulder that cause pain. Shoulder joint injection of steroids/ Autologous Protein Solution (APS): this uses steroids or APS (an anti-inflammatory-rich cellular solution from a patient’s own blood) that will be injected under ultrasound guidance. HEADACHE, PERSISTENT FACIAL AND NECK PAIN OVERVIEW Headaches are a common health problem — most people experience them at some time. Frequent or severe headaches can affect a person’s quality of life. Persistant idiopathic facial pain refers to severe ache, crushing sensation, or burning sensation along the territory of the trigeminal nerve. It is usually a continuous unilateral pain that last for long duration without autonomic signs or symptoms. It is described as a persistent headache and neck pain that affects the face up to the shoulder. Neck pain is a common problem that can involve just the neck and shoulders, or it may radiate down an arm. The pain can cause muscle weakness, numbing sensation or feel like an electric shock into your arm. TREATMENTS Treatments we offer inculdes: Non-surgical nerve blocks via medical injections either outside the spinal cord or site of pain : Epidural injections Facet joint injections Nerve root injections Peripheral nerve block Sympathetic nerve block Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default We provide a minimally invasive and no-incision method to treat fibroids and to preserve the uterus. OVERVIEW Uterine fibroids are common, non-cancerous tumours of the uterus. It is estimated that by the age of 35, up to 40-50% of women have uterine fibroids. There are four basic types of uterine fibroids, classified according to their location in the uterus: Subserosal Fibroids: These develop in the outer portion of the uterus and continue to grow outward Intramural Fibroids: These are the most common type and develops in the uterine wall and expands. Submucosal Fibroids: These are the least common and develop within the uterine cavity, causing excessive and prolonged menstrual bleeding Pedunculated fibroids: These grow on stalks or stems. The stems are attached to the uterine wall and can grow either outside the uterus or inside the uterine cavity SYMPTOMS In some women, the fibroids can produce mild or no symptoms at all. For others, symptoms of uterine fibroids include: Abnormal menstrual cycle (heavy or frequently occurring) Painful menstrual periods Pain during or after sexual intercourse Pressure on the bladder causing frequent urination Acute or severe pelvic pain Bloating CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Age Heredity Onset of menstruation at an early age Obesity Vitamin D deficiency Excessive alcohol consumption Smoking No pregnancy history DIAGNOSIS Ultrasound scan of the uterus A CT scan is ordered especially if there are multiple fibroids. OUR TREATMENTS Uterine Fibroid Embolisation UFE is done via a groin or radial artery access puncture A catheter is then guided using fluoroscopy, a type of x-ray technology, to the arteries that supply the uterus and the fibroids specifically Small particles or microspheres are then injected into the arteries supplying the fibroids, thus cutting off the blood supply to the fibroids. Post-procedure, these fibroids should start to shrink and reduce in size https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=eVF20SS4KZA You are the right candidate for UFE if you: Are a woman who is over 35 years old Are not currently pregnant Have been diagnosed with uterine fibroids Are experiencing symptoms such as excessive heavy bleeding, cramping, pelvic pain, bloating or frequent urination You are also a candidate if you prefer a non-surgical uterine fibroid treatment option that will preserve your uterus. Make sure to discuss all options with your physician before making a decision. Some of the benefits of UFE include: A minimally invasive procedure that effectively shrinks uterine fibroids Requires only local (rather than general) anaesthesia; numbing only one area of the body rather than full sedation Does not cause scarring like most other surgical techniques While there will be some moderate pain after a UFE procedure, it is typically less than post-surgical pain A good option if you would like to preserve your uterus as compared to a hysterectomy 85-90% of women experience significant relief of their symptoms Faster recovery time compared to traditional surgery Same day procedure typically with no overnight stay Reduced risk of infection as compared to conventional open surgery Click here to download our Uterine Fibroids brochure References: Uterine fibroids. (2021, September 16). Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/symptoms-causes/syc-20354288 Related Articles Uterine Fibroid Embolisation: Taking Control of Uterine Fibroids in SingaporeGuide to Uterine Fibroids in SingaporeCan Uterine Fibroids affect Fertility? Do I have Uterine Fibroids? All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids --- - Service Category: Default Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland where the enlarged prostate compresses on the urine channel and this affects the flow and passage of urine. OVERVIEW Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous condition affecting men caused by an enlarged prostate gland. The enlarged prostate compresses on the urine channel leading from the bladder outwards – the urethra, and as a result, affects the flow and passage of urine. SYMPTOMS Patients suffering from BPH may have symptoms affecting their lifestyle considerably. Some of these symptoms include: Frequent or urgent need to urinate, especially at night (nocturia) Difficulty starting urination Weak urine stream or a stream that stops and starts Dribbling at the end of urination Urinary tract infection Inability to urinate/empty the bladder Blood in the urine CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Older age Family history of prostate problems Higher BMI/low levels of physical activity OUR TREATMENTS Prostate Artery Embolisation PAE is a minimally invasive procedure that treats the enlarged and troublesome prostate by blocking off the arteries that feed the gland and making it shrink. PAE was first performed in 2009, and since then, many men worldwide have been treated successfully with this method. In PAE, a puncture is made in the groin artery under local anaesthesia, and a guidewire and catheter are passed under X-ray guidance to the arteries that supply the prostate. Tiny microspheres/ particles are then injected into the small arteries that supply the prostate to block off the blood supply to the prostate. As a result, the prostate shrinks and the urethra is less compressed. PAE can be done as a day surgery procedure under local anaesthesia and some mild sedation. Most patients experience minimal pain and discomfort from the procedure, recover within 4–6 hours post-procedure and can be discharged home. PAE does not have any risk of urinary incontinence or impotence. Studies have shown that after PAE is done, the majority of patients report an improvement in their troublesome symptoms. Many men also can stop taking oral medication long term. This makes PAE very cost-effective for such patients. Patients who are particularly suitable for PAE: Patients taking oral medication but still having symptoms Patients who have undergone other procedures (see above) but have not seen improvement in their symptoms Elderly patients with severe symptoms and who are considered at significant risk for general anaesthesia and surgery Patients not suitable for TURP due to bleeding risks Patients who wish to maintain their urinary continence and sexual potency Click here to download our Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Brochure References: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). (2022, January 04). Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/turp/about/pac-20384880 Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default 介入肿瘤学程序包括活检、癌症的微创治疗。 概述 通常，体内存在控制细胞分裂何时发生的化学信号，例如在生长、修复和细胞更换期间。 然而，如果细胞分裂产生的数量超过了必要的数量，它们就会积累形成被称为肿瘤的大量细胞。 肿瘤可能是良性的，这意味着它们只在一个特定位置生长。 这种肿瘤被认为是非癌性的，并且根本不会产生任何症状，除非它们压迫血管或神经等基本结构。 在这些情况下，即使是留在身体某一部位的肿瘤也会造成重大损害。 癌症是细胞的异常、不受控制的分裂，有可能影响疾病部位器官的正常功能。 癌性肿瘤是那些能够在身体周围移动并在新位置生长的肿瘤，在此过程中会造成相当大的损害。 这些肿瘤被称为恶性肿瘤。 症状 根据肿瘤原发部位的位置，患者会出现不同的症状。 一些一般症状包括： 可能/可能感觉不到的皮下肿块的存在 疲劳 意外的体重减轻/增加 发烧 疼痛 我们的治疗 我们为肝肾肿瘤和癌症的治疗提供以下介入程序： 活检 活组织检查是一种医学测试，用于检查身体组织中疾病的存在或程度 医生将从患者身上提取细胞或组织样本 在活检、CT和超声引导下，可以形成癌症诊断。 癌症治疗途径 包括为癌症患者创建临时端口插入（插入胸部的小型装置）和 PICC 管线放置（使医生能够进入心脏附近的中央静脉的导管），以便癌症患者接受化疗，而无需重复针刺。 还可以防止手部静脉受损。 排水程序 帮助缓解可能因液体潴留作为副作用的癌症患者的不适症状。 导管用于此过程 肿瘤消融 涉及使用微创技术治疗肿瘤或缓解症状。 消融程序的示例包括射频消融、微波消融和冷冻消融。 肿瘤栓塞 涉及直接对肿瘤进行靶向治疗。 对健康组织的影响最小，副作用减少 栓塞程序的例子包括化学栓塞、放射栓塞（选择性内部放射治疗)、DC 小珠化疗栓塞和温和栓塞。 血管干预 涉及使用微创技术放置支架以止血并阻止血液流入和流出肿瘤组织，以支持化学疗法和放射疗法的反应。 疼痛管理疗法 注射和阻滞可用于缓解癌症相关的疼痛。 相关文章 --- - Service Category: Default Can thiệp điều trị Ung thư là một lĩnh vực chuyên môn mở rộng nhanh chóng của ngành X quang mạch máu và can thiệp trong các thủ tục xâm lấn tối thiểu được thực hiện bằng các thiết bị chẩn đoán hình ảnh, điều trị và / hoặc làm kiểm soát ung thư tiến triển. TỔNG QUÁT Thông thường, cơ thể sẽ có tác tín hiệu khi xuât hiện thay đổi về hóa học như trong các thời điểm phân chia tế bào, chẳng hạn như trong quá trình tăng trưởng, hồi phục và thay thế tế bào. Tuy nhiên, nếu các tế bào phân chia để tạo ra số lượng cao hơn mức cần thiết, chúng có thể tích tụ để tạo thành các khối tế bào được gọi là khối u. Các khối u có thể là lành tính, nghĩa là chúng chỉ phát triển ở một vị trí cụ thể. Những khối u như vậy được coi là không phải ung thư và không có triệu chứng gì trừ khi chúng chèn ép các cấu trúc thiết yếu như mạch máu hoặc dây thần kinh. Trong những tình huống này, ngay cả những khối u vẫn còn ở một vùng trên cơ thể cũng có thể gây ra thiệt hại đáng kể. Ung thư là sự phân chia bất thường, mất kiểm soát của các tế bào có khả năng ảnh hưởng đến chức năng bình thường của các cơ quan tại vị trí bệnh. Các khối u ung thư là những khối u có khả năng di chuyển khắp cơ thể và phát triển ở những vị trí mới, gây ra những tổn thương đáng kể tỏng quá trình chúng phát triển. Những khối u này được gọi là khối u ác tính. TRIỆU CHỨNG Bệnh nhân sẽ gặp các triệu chứng khác nhau tùy thuộc vào vị trí của khối u nguyên phát. Một số triệu chứng chung bao gồm: Sự hiện diện của một khối u dưới da có thể / không thể sờ thấy Mệt mỏi Giảm / tăng cân bất thường Sốt Đau đớn PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Chúng tôi thực hiện các thủ thuật can thiệp sau để điều trị các khối u gan, thận và ung thư: Sinh thiết Sinh thiết là một xét nghiệm y tế để kiểm tra sự hiện diện hoặc mức độ của bệnh trong mô cơ thể Bác sĩ sẽ lấy một mẫu tế bào hoặc mô từ bệnh nhân Với phướng pháp sinh thiết có hỗ trợ của thiết bị chẩn đoán hình ảnh như CT scan và siêu âm Đặt cổng mạch máu: Đặt cổng mạch máu (một thiết bị nhỏ được đưa vào động mạch chính ở ngực) và đặt đường PICC (Một ống thông cho phép bác sĩ tiếp cận các tĩnh mạch trung tâm gần tim) để bệnh nhân ung thư được hóa trị mà không cần phải chích kim nhiều lần. Đồng thời ngăn ngừa tổn thương các tĩnh mạch tay. Thủ thuật dẫn lưu: Giúp giảm các triệu chứng khó chịu cho bệnh nhân ung thư, những người có thể bị giữ nước do tác dụng phụ trong quá trình điều trị ung thư Đặt ống xông được sử dụng cho quy trình này Loại bỏ khối u Liên quan đến việc sử dụng các kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu để điều trị khối u hoặc giảm bớt các triệu chứng. Ví dụ về các thủ thuật bao gồm thuyên tắc bằng sóng cao tần, cắt bằng vi sóng và cắt bằng phương pháp đông lạnh. Thuyên tắc khối u Bao gồm liệu pháp nhắm mục tiêu được đưa trực tiếp đến các khối u. Có tác động tối thiểu đến các mô khỏe mạnh và giảm các tác dụng phụ Ví dụ về các thủ thuật thuyên tắc bao gồm hóa trị, tắc mạch bằng phóng xạ (xạ trị nội chọn lọc ), hóa trị bằng hạt DC và thuyên tắc mạch nhạt nhẽo. Can thiệp mạch máu Liên quan đến việc sử dụng các kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu để đặt stent để cầm máu và chặn dòng chảy của máu đến và đi từ mô khối u để hỗ trợ đáp ứng hóa trị và xạ trị. Các liệu pháp kiểm soát cơn đau Tiêm và ngăn khối u có thể được sử dụng để giảm đau do ung thư Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: deep vein thrombosis treatment singapore, what is deep vein thrombosis Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) là tình trạng cục máu đông hình thành một cách tự nhiên trong các tĩnh mạch sâu của chi dưới hoặc chi trên TỔNG QUAT Huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu (DVT) là tình trạng cục máu đông hình thành một cách tự nhiên trong các tĩnh mạch sâu ở chi dưới hoặc chi trên. Hầu hết các trường hợp DVT may mắn không nguy hiểm đến tính mạng và có thể được điều trị bằng thuốc. Đây thường là những trường hợp liên quan đến đoạn chân dưới đầu gối hoặc cẳng tay. Tuy nhiên, những bệnh nhân có DVT kéo dài trên đầu gối hoặc cánh tay trên về phía tim có thể gặp nhiều nguy hiểm hơn vì các cục máu đông trong DVT có thể vỡ ra thành nhiều mảnh và đi vào tim và phổi, dẫn đến tình trạng nghiêm trọng được gọi là Thuyên tắc phổi (PE) . Tình trạng này đe dọa đến tính mạng vì nó ngăn cản quá trình truyền oxy đến máu tĩnh mạch và gây ra nguy cơ tử vong đáng kể. Image of what is deep vein thrombosis TRIỆU CHỨNG Các triệu chứng bao gồm: Bệnh nhân bị DVT có thể có triệu chứng bị xưng và đau ở tứ chi. Ở chân, có thể bắt đầu ở bắp chân và sau đó kéo dài về phía đùi và háng. Ở các chi trên, nó có thể bắt đầu ở cẳng tay và kéo dài lên trên về phía tim. Tim đập nhanh (nhịp tim nhanh) Khó thở hoặc có hiện tượng phù nề chân tay: Đây là dấu hiệu cho thấy bệnh nhân cần được chăm sóc y tế khẩn cấp, vì có thể họ đang bị thuyên tắc phổi. NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Các nguyên nhân phổ biến và các yếu tố nguy cơ bao gồm: Thời gian dài bất động (ví dụ: chuyến bay đường dài hoặc hành trình du lịch) Sau cuộc phẫu thuật lớn liên quan đến chi, xương chậu hoặc bụng, Béo phì Mất nước Chấn thương nặng ở tay / chân Hậu quả của hiện tượng nghẽn mạch máu gây ra DVT Dị dạng mạch máu (ví dụ: hội chứng May-Thurner hoặc hội chứng Paget-Schroetter) Sự hiện diện của ung thư tiềm ẩn có thể dẫn đến máu dễ bị đông máu hơn (hội chứng paraneoplastic) CHẨN ĐOÁN BỆNH Chẩn đoán bệnh sẽ dựa trên hình ảnh siêu âm phát hiện huyết khối và kết quả thử máu có dương tính với huyết khối. Bệnh nhân có thể sẽ được yêu cầu làm thêm CT scan động mạch phổi nếu có nghi ngờ huyết khối trong phổi. Ngoài ra, Bác sĩ có thể phát hiện huyết khối qua thử máu chỉ số đông máu và chỉ số kiểm soát ung thư đối với bệnh nhân ung thư là đối tượng có rủi ro tiềm ẩn CÁC CÁCH ĐIỀU TRỊ Thuốc điều trị DVT: Tùy thuộc vào tình trạng sức khỏe, các bác sĩ sẽ kê đơn thuốc làm loãng máu (chống đông máu) để ngăn hình thành cục máu đông và làm tan cục máu đông hiện có trong khoảng sáu tháng. Phương pháp điều trị cơ học xâm lấn tối thiểu cho DVT: Nếu DVT lan rộng (ví dụ kéo dài lên đùi và vào tĩnh mạch chậu), đôi khi cần sử dụng kết hợp các thiết bị cơ học và các loại thuốc cụ thể để làm tan cục máu đông. Quá trình này, được gọi là tiêu huyết khối, thường được thực hiện nếu DVT dưới hai tuần tuổi và có thể được thực hiện như một thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu. Làm tan huyết khối là một biện pháp phòng ngừa các biến chứng DVT lâu dài khác bao gồm Hội chứng sau huyết khối (PTS) và loét tĩnh mạch chi. Các phương pháp điều trị bổ sung khác bao gồm sử dụng các stent giúp mở mạch máu bị chèn . Related Articles Types of Treatments for Vascular DiseasesHow to Prevent Diseases related to your VeinsDeep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): What is it and how is it treated? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: Dialysis Singapore, Kidney Dialysis Access Singapore Thẩm tách mạch máu là kiểm tra tình trạng mạch máu được sử dụng để đảm bảo người bệnh lọc thận có khả năng lọc máu bằng thiết bị lọc thận loại bỏ phần máu k, để máu có thể được lọc qua máy lọc máu để làm sạch máu và loại bỏ chất lỏng nhiều hơn so với mức quy định. THẨM TÁCH MẠCH MÁU ĐỐI VỚI BỆNH NHÂN LỌC MÁU Kiểm tra đánh giá tình trạng mạch máu là phương pháp luôn được áp dụng đối với bệnh nhân lọc thận. Kiểm tra tình trạng mạch máu được sử dụng để đảm bảo người bệnh lọc thận có khả năng lọc máu bằng thiết bị lọc thận loại bỏ phần máu k, để máu có thể được lọc qua máy lọc máu để làm sạch máu và loại bỏ chất lỏng nhiều hơn so với mức quy định. Có 3 loại kiểm tra mạch máu: đặt ống thông tĩnh mạch trung tâm, rò động tĩnh mạch (AV) hoặc cấy ghép động tĩnh mạch (AVG). ĐẶT ỐNG THÔNG TĨNH MẠCH TRUNG TÂM/ỐNG THÔNG VĨNH VIỄN Kiếm tra đánh giá ống thông, đôi khi được gọi là Đặt ống thông vĩnh viễn hoặc CVC (đặt ống thông tĩnh mạch trung tâm), bao gồm một ống thông nhựa có hai khoang được đưa vào tĩnh mạch lớn (thường là tĩnh mạch cảnh trong hoặc tĩnh mạch đùi) để cho phép lượng máu lớn được rút ra từ một ống, để thẩm tách máu và được đưa trở lại qua ống thông khác. Có 2 loại CVCs, ngắn hạn và ài hạn: Đặt ống dẫn tiểu ngắn hạn là biện pháp ngắn hạn (kéo dài khoảng 14 ngày) và ống thông nổi lên bề mặt da tại vị trí xâm nhập vào tĩnh mạch. Đặt ống dẫn tiểu dài hạn (Ống thông vĩnh viễn), một ống thông dài hơn, được đặt dưới da từ điểm đưa vào tĩnh mạch đến vị trí thoát ra cách đó một khoảng cách. Nó thường được đặt trong tĩnh mạch cảnh ở cổ và vị trí thoát thường nằm trên thành ngực. Ống dẫn hoạt động như một rào cản để tránh sự xâm nhập của vi khuẩn. Mặc dù được gọi là Ống thông vĩnh viễn, các ống thông chỉ được thiết kế để ngắn đến trung hạn vì nhiễm trùng vẫn là một vấn đề thường xuyên. Chúng tôi không khuyến khích bạn nên đặt Ống thông vĩnh viễn hơn 6 tháng. CHỨNG HẸP ĐỘNG MẠCH TRUNG TÂM (CVS) CVS là 1 căn bệnh nguy hiểm do 1 thời gian dài sử dụng Ống thông vĩnh viễn. Ống thông là một vật thể lạ trong tĩnh mạch và thường gây ra phản ứng viêm trong thành tĩnh mạch. Điều này dẫn đến sẹo và hẹp tĩnh mạch, thường dẫn đến tắc tĩnh mạch. Điều này có thể dẫn đến tắc nghẽn tĩnh mạch nghiêm trọng và sưng mặt, cổ và ngực và các chi trên. Phẫu thuật chỉnh hình tĩnh mạch cần được thực hiện khi bệnh nhân điều trị phương pháp CVS. Trong thủ tục này, một tĩnh mạch ở cánh tay hoặc ở chân được đưa vào và đặt một ống dẫn (ống). Thông qua ống dẫn, một dây được truyền qua CVS và một quả bóng được sử dụng để làm giãn chỗ hẹp để cải thiện sự dẫn lưu tĩnh mạch. Đôi khi, chỉnh hình tĩnh mạch đơn giản không thể nong được tĩnh mạch hẹp, thì stent (thanh chống đỡ bằng kim loại) có thể được đặt ngang qua nó để giữ cho tĩnh mạch mở. Việc nạo vét và đặt stent có thể được thực hiện dưới hình thức gây tê tại chỗ hoặc gây tê nhẹ và làm thủ thuật phẫu thuật trong ngày. https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=LuSJ86yjk7o RÒ ĐỘNG TĨNH MẠCH (AVF) AVFs được công nhận là phương thức cấy phổ biến. Để tạo ra một lỗ rò, Bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu cần nối một động mạch và tĩnh mạch với nhau bằng các mũi khâu. Các lỗ rò thường được tạo ra ở cánh tay và có thể nằm trên bàn tay, cẳng tay hoặc khuỷu tay. Một lỗ rò sẽ mất một vài tuần để lành, trung bình khoảng 8-12 tuần. Ưu điểm của việc sử dụng lỗ rò AV là tỷ lệ nhiễm trùng thấp, vì không có vật thể lạ nào liên quan đến sự hình thành của chúng, tốc độ máu lưu thông cao hơn (nghĩa là lọc máu hiệu quả hơn) và tỷ lệ huyết khối thấp hơn. Các biến chứng ít hơn so với phương pháp khác. AVF thường được thực hiện dưới hình thức gây tê tại chỗ và phẫu thuật trong ngày. CẤY GHÉP ĐỘNG TĨNH MẠCH (AVG) AVG được tạo ra khi một mạch nhân tạo được sử dụng để nối động mạch với tĩnh mạch. AVG được chèn khi các tĩnh mạch gốc của bệnh nhân quá nhỏ hoặc bị chặn và không cho phép tạo AVF. AVG lành nhanh hơn rò động tĩnh mạch và có thể sẵn sàng để sử dụng ngay sau 48 giờ. AVG được làm bằng vật liệu tổng hợp và có nguy cơ bị nhiễm bệnh cao hơn. Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default A vascular malformation is an abnormal growth of the arteries, veins and/or lymphatic vessels that can occur anywhere in the body. OVERVIEW A vascular malformation is an abnormal growth of the arteries, veins and/or lymphatic vessels that can occur anywhere in the body. These vessels do not develop in a normal ordered pattern but instead develop in an uncontrolled mesh-up. These malformations are usually non-cancerous but can grow and invade the tissues surrounding the malformation. Here are some common types of vascular malformations we treat: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM): Visible abnormal growth of veins and arteries in place of capillaries. The patient may feel a pulsing sensation or thrill at the affected area. Venous malformations (VM): Abnormal enlargements of the wall of veins, appear as bluish or skin-coloured, soft lumps under the skin. Lymphovenous malformations (LVM): Lymphatic malformations are non-malignant masses consisting of fluid-filled channels caused by the abnormal lymphatic system development. Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: This is a rare vascular condition that occurs when abnormal connections (fistulas) are made between the arteries and veins in the brain covering (dura mater). Hemangioma: This is a non-cancerous growth of blood vessels and commonly appears as a red birthmark on infants, which can be anywhere on the body (often on the face, scalp, back or chest). ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS OVERVIEW An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal tangle of blood vessels between arteries and veins that may develop shortly before or after birth affecting over 1% of the general population. AVM can be found in place of the microscopic capillaries that connect arteries and veins in our body, adversely affecting the normal blood flow. AVMs are commonly found in the head and neck are common and may have the potential to cause severe complications, including seizures, strokes and breathing problems. SYMPTOMS Most AVMs do not cause any initial symptoms, and many AVMs can remain asymptomatic throughout a person’s life. However, there is a risk that the AVM will bleed, and the consequences of this can vary based on its size and severity. Symptoms can emerge at any age but usually become obvious between ages 10 to 40. Some pregnant women may experience worsened symptoms around their AVM due to increased blood pressure during pregnancy. Symptoms include: Skin discolouration Swelling The skin over the AVM may be more delicate and susceptible to ulcers. Discomfort – pain and ache For brain AVMs: Headaches, pain in one area of the head Muscle weakness or numbness in a part of the body Seizures Speaking difficulty Confusion CAUSES/RISK FACTORS The causes of brain AVMs are not known, but many believe it to be congenital. Anyone can be born with an AVM, and some risk factors include: Family history of AVMs. It is unclear whether there is a direct correlation between family members who have had an AVM which would make it hereditary. However, it is possible to inherit other conditions that make a person more susceptible to developing an AVM. VENOUS MALFORMATIONS OVERVIEW Venous malformations (VM) is the abnormal enlargement of wall of the veins, appear as bluish or skin-coloured, soft lumps under the skin. The enlarged veins result in a reduction in pressure and slower blood flow leading to blood clots formation. SYMPTOMS These malformations can occur anywhere in the body, and the symptoms depend on its location in the body and the type. A significant number of patients only notice the malformation and are diagnosed with it at a later age (30 – 50 years old). Even those as young as newborn infants may develop this condition, obvious symptoms usually emerge as a person ages. They include: Cosmetically unpleasant growths/soft lumps evident to the naked eye Pain and progressive discolouration of the skin around the growth Loss of limb function. Including muscle weakness, numbness, and in severe cases,, paralysis of a limb. A vascular malformation inside the brain can bleed, causing a stroke or seizures (fits) due to pressure on the brain if not treated early on. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Vascular malformations are mostly congenital. However, there has not been any evidence pointing to the possibility that it is inheritable. In some rare instances, vascular malformations can be caused by trauma. LYMPHOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS OVERVIEW Lymphatic malformations (LVM) are rare, non-malignant masses consisting of fluid-filled spaces caused by the abnormal lymphatic system development that may appear anywhere in the body. Superficial lymphatic malformations may look like small soft bumps under the skin whereas some LVM are not visible on the surface of the body. Regardless of the LVM size, it can potentially cause functional impairment of nearby structures or organs and disfigurement of affected areas. SYMPTOMS Generally, symptoms of LVM arise from compression or obstruction of nearby structures and it varies depending upon the size and exact location. Complications can occur with LVM including recurrent inflammation or bleeding into the malformation. When LVM becomes inflamed it causes swelling and redness of the skin (cellulitis). Recurrent cellulitis can result in pain and disfigurement of the affected area. Bleeding into LVM can cause severe pain, swelling and enlargement of the malformation in the affected area. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Lymphatic malformation occurs when the lymph veins fail to form and develop correctly during pregnancy. DURAL ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA OVERVIEW A dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a rare vascular condition that occurs when abnormal connections (fistulas) are made between the arteries and veins in the brain covering (dura mater). When a fistula forms, blood flowing at high pressure from the arteries goes directly into the vein, which usually carries blood at a lower pressure. This can congest the brain’s venous system, ultimately leading to brain dysfunction. They are found in the brain and spine and tend to occur later in life. SYMPTOMS An individual with DAVF may not experience any symptoms at all. Symptoms that do appear can range from mild to more aggressive. An additional, prominent sign of DAVFs is pulsatile tinnitus. Pulsatile tinnitus occurs when a patient begins to hear the sound of blood rushing from the arteries through the fistula into the veins, characterised by a persistent whooshing to-and-fro sound near the ear. However, it is essential to note that patients suffering from pulsatile tinnitus do not always have a DAVF but may have some other condition. Mild: Problems seeing Bulging of the eye (proptosis) Swelling in the eye lining Aggressive: can often result from haemorrhages of the affected area Seizures Sudden onset of headaches Difficulties speaking Dementia Coordination issues Burning or prickling sensations around the affected area Nausea or vomiting VASCULAR MALFORMATION DIAGNOSIS Diagnosis usually is made after a clinical examination. Imaging procedures such as computerised tomography scan (CT scan or CAT scan), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and cerebral angiogram (also known as digital subtraction angiography or DSA) may be done to determine the location and nature of the malformation as well as the degree of damage to the surrounding tissue. These tests are often repeated to check the change in the size of the AVM. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS There is no clear reason as to why DVAFs form. However, some patterns that have been identified include: Previous thrombosis vein Areas of the body with a history of trauma/past surgery where a fistula may develop. Family history of thrombosis can make a patient more susceptible to DVAFs. Affected age group is predominantly 50-60 years of age but may even affect children. VASCULAR MALFORMATION DIAGNOSIS Diagnosis usually is made after a clinical examination. Imaging procedures such as computerised tomography scan (CT scan or CAT scan), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and cerebral angiogram (also known as digital subtraction angiography or DSA) may be done to determine the location and nature of the malformation as well as the degree of damage to the surrounding tissue. These tests are often repeated to check the change in the size of the AVM. OUR VASCULAR MALFORMATION TREATMENTS Surgical excision of the malformation – can recur and grow again if not completely excised and may be disfiguring. Depending on the size of the malformation, some patients may require a few sessions of such treatment. Minimally invasive methods can instead be used to stop the growth of the malformation. Depending on the size and type of the malformation, some patients may require a few sessions of such treatment. These methods include: Embolisation: an interventional treatment used to block off blood flow to abnormal blood vessels, blocking off the malformed arteries. This treatment is highly effective in treating its targeted area. Sclerotherapy: injecting the vein/lymphatic components with scarring solutions that cause the blood/lymph vessels to shrink. It is a non-surgical procedure that only requires an injection. https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=vBm7Czw3NF0 HEMANGIOMA OVERVIEW A hemangioma is a non-cancerous growth of blood vessels and commonly appears as a red birthmark on infants, which can be anywhere on the body (often on the face, scalp, back or chest). Some may also form on the internal organs of the body. A significant number of hemangiomas disappear by the time a child turns six years old, resolving themselves with no further treatment required. However, in some children, hemangiomas may persist. SYMPTOMS The majority of hemangiomas do not cause any noticeable signs or symptoms, aside from the appearance of the red birthmarks that are smooth and raised in appearance. Once it disappears, the skin may be slightly discoloured in the area the hemangioma previously occupied, and a small lump in the skin may persist. However, in some cases, hemangiomas may bleed and develop into a sore, resulting in pain and the potential for infection. Hemangiomas on the organs can also cause some complications, including pain where it is located, although this is very rare. CAUSES/ RISK FACTORS The physical appearance of a hemangioma is caused by the clumping together of blood vessels. However, an exact reason for why this occurs has not been identified. It has been noted that infantile hemangiomas are more common in the following: infants with low birth weight premature infants Multiple births (e. g. twins/triplets) PROCEDURES/ TREATMENTS Hemangiomas may be resolved through the use of medication, including propranolol and beta-blockers. However, interventional therapies provide an alternative treatment method for those that do not respond to medication or for patients who would prefer a non-pharmacological route. Sclerotherapy – It is a minimally invasive procedure that involves the injection of a chemical solution into a blood vessel. This agent causes inflammation in the blood vessel walls resulting in the blood vessel occlusion. Laser Therapy – Lasers may be used to remove blood vessels that remain on the surface and minimise any abnormalities left by the hemangioma, such as unevenness of the skin. References: https://www. pacificneuroscienceinstitute. org/stroke-neurovascular/conditions-and-treatments/brain-vascular-malformation/dural-arteriovenous-fistula-davf/ Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default Erectile dysfunction is the inability to get or keep an erection and venous leak is responsible for over 80% of erectile dysfunction. OVERVIEW For a man to keep an erection rigid during sexual intercourse, blood needs to stay in the penis until the man ejaculates. Veno-occlusion, the constriction of veins, occurs to trap the blood inside. Once the man climaxes, the veins will dilate and blood flows back into the body. If the veins do not constrict enough, blood will leak back into the body, losing the erection. Many men with this type of erectile dysfunction find that they can get a firm erection at first, but are unable to maintain rigidity. Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve and maintain an erection firm enough to have sexual intercourse, affecting up to 43. 5% of men in their sixties . The main cause for erectile dysfunction is venous leak, presented in over 80% of cases in Singapore. SYMPTOMS Inability to sustain an erection for sexual intercourse. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS High blood pressure High cholesterol Diabetes Peripheral vascular disease Excessive stress Obesity Family history of atherosclerosis Smoking Anxiety DIAGNOSIS Doppler ultrasound – To examine blood flow in and out of the penis. Cavernosography – To visualise venous leakage using radiographic contrast. OUR TREATMENT Endovascular (retrograde/anterograde) embolisation The embolisation of the periprostatic venous plexus via inserting a thin catheter into the deep dorsal vein or femoral vein. X-ray fluoroscopy is used to guide the catheter towards the affected vein and an injection of small titanium coils and embolic agents will seal off the affected vein(s) permanently. What you can expect This procedure is performed under light sedation and patients are usually discharged on the same day from our centre. Minimal pain and discomfort. No surgical scar. Quick return to daily activities. Who would be eligible for this procedure? Patients who are diagnosed with venous leak. Patients who want to avoid invasive surgery. https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=JDXkxY5Zf04 Click here to download our Venous Leak and Erectile Dysfunction brochure References: Singapore Med J 2003 Vol 44(1) : 020-026 Erectile Dysfunction in Singapore: Prevalence and Its Associated Factors – A Population-Based Study J K Tan, C Y Hong, D J C Png, L C H Liew, M L Wong Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: pelvic congestion syndrome, pelvic congestion syndrome specialist near me Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a chronic condition that affects women and is caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen or pelvis. OVERVIEW Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a chronic condition that affects women and is caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen or pelvis. Valves in the veins become weakened and do not close properly. As a result, blood begins to flow backwards and pools in the pelvic veins and also the connecting veins to the legs. SYMPTOMS An aching pain with heaviness in the pelvis that may extend to the lower back. Pain during intercourse Heavy menstrual bleeding Heaviness and swelling in their legs, especially on standing for long periods. Recurrent varicose veins CAUSES/RISK FACTORS This condition typically affects women 20-50 years old who have had previous pregnancies. Primary PCS Believed to be idiopathic in nature But women who have delivered 2 or more children are at increased risk Proposed aetiology – recurrent dilatation of pelvic adnexial veins/ ovarian veins to accommodate increase in blood volume during pregnancy Secondary PCS Due to associated Renal Nutcracker Syndrome Compression of left renal vein by overlying SMA, resulting in elevated pressure and hence incompetence and backflow (reflux) down the left ovarian vein into pelvic adnexial veins Due to associated Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome (May-Thurner Syndrome) Compression of the (left) common iliac vein by the overlying right iliac artery resulting in reflux back down the internal iliac veins into pelvic veins DIAGNOSIS CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis Pelvic venogram – a procedure that is performed by inserting a catheter through the groin vein and injecting a contrast agent (a type of dye) into the veins of the pelvic organs. OUR TREATMENT Ovarian Vein Embolisation Involves inserting a thin catheter into the femoral vein in your groin. The catheter is guided to the affected vein with the assistance of fluoroscopy, a type of x-ray technology. Tiny titanium coils with a sclerosing agent (also used for varicose veins) are inserted through the catheter to close off the affected vein(s). In most cases this is done as a day surgery procedure, allowing patients to be discharged on the same day of the procedure. https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=7XlcxfxqB0Q Click here to download our Pelvic Congestion Syndrome brochure Related Articles Understanding Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Causes & TreatmentTackling Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: A Comprehensive Guide for Singaporeans --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: CAD, Carotid Arterial Disease Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when one or both of the two main neck arteries “harden” and get clogged with plaque deposits. OVERVIEW Carotid Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when the one or both of the two main neck arteries that supply the brain “harden” and get clogged with plaque deposits, made up of fat and cholesterol, along its walls (via a process known as atherosclerosis). CAD is a common cause of Ischemic strokes. SYMPTOMS Patients with CAD usually display no symptoms and are diagnosed only after a stroke or a transient ischemic stroke (“ministroke”). Common symptoms of a stroke include: Trouble speaking, understanding what others are saying. Patients might experience confusion or find themselves slurring their words. Paralysis or numbness usually occurs on one side of the body (in the face, arms or legs). Patients may also find it difficult to raise both their arms or find that one side of the face droops. Hand tremors Sudden dizziness, loss of balance, coordination Trouble seeing out of one or both eyes or sudden sensitivity to light Sudden, severe headaches Nausea and vomiting, difficulty swallowing Loss of consciousness CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Age. Atherosclerosis may begin to develop during a person’s youth and slowly progresses into CAD and stroke as a person ages. Positive family history of stroke or atherosclerosis Previous history of stroke High blood pressure High cholesterol Obesity or physical inactivity Diabetes Smoking DIAGNOSIS There are a few scans/screenings for patients who fall into the high-risk group for a CAD. Several imaging tests may be implemented for diagnosis. Ultrasound Head CT scan MRI scan MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography) Cerebral Angiogram – also known as a Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), is a minimally invasive procedure where dye is inserted into the carotid artery through a catheter for an X-ray to be taken. OUR TREATMENTS In treating atherosclerosis, there are several lifestyle modifications that a patient can engage in to control their risk factors to prevent or delay CAD. If these lifestyle modifications are insufficient, our specialists may recommend medications or minimally invasive surgery. Angioplasty and Stenting Angioplasty and stenting are minimally invasive techniques that are an equally effective treatment in which doctors widen the arteries to restore blood flow to the head. A catheter is inserted into the artery, and a balloon is inserted through it and inflated to widen arteries. A stent is then placed into the artery to support the walls of the artery and prevent it from narrowing again. Open surgery (Endarterectomy) The traditional treatment of CAD is an endarterectomy where doctors make an incision in the neck to access the artery to remove the plaque or blockage, in the lining of the artery to restore flow. References: Carotid stenosis. (n. d. ). Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. templehealth. org/services/conditions/carotid-stenosis Related Articles What Conditions Does a Vascular Centre Treat? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: laser treatment of varicose veins singapore, painful veins in legs Singapore, spider vein treatment, spider vein treatment Singapore, spider veins removal signapore, spider veins treatment Singapore, treatment of varicose veins, treatment of varicose veins Singapore, varicose vein, varicose vein specialist singapore, varicose veins, varicose veins doctor singapore, varicose veins in legs Singapore, varicose veins pregnancy singapore, varicose veins procedure singapore, varicose veins singapore, varicose veins surgery, varicose veins surgery Singapore, varicose veins treatment, varicose veins treatment singapore, vascular vein disease Singapore, vascular vein disease treatment, vein disease Singapore, vein disease treatment, veins treatment Singapore Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that may cause pain and discomfort to those who have it. OVERVIEW Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged blood vessels that may cause pain and discomfort in those who have it. A milder version of this is spider veins. While these veins can be found anywhere on the body, they are often present in the legs due to increased pressure in the lower body from standing and walking upright. These visible veins are caused by weakened valves which malfunction. As a result, there is a backflow of blood that pools in the veins instead of flowing to the heart and veins become congested, twisted, and lengthened. SYMPTOMS Swollen and enlarged networks of red/purple/blue vessels, A heavy feeling or swelling in the legs, and Aching legs Skin discolouration or darkening around the veins Itchy skin around veins CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Age. Varicose veins’ occurrence tends to increase with age, as the wear and tear of the vein valves will cause blood backflow and pooling. Gender. Varicose veins are more common among females as hormonal changes during pregnancy, pre-menstruation or menopause relax the vein walls. Pregnancy. During pregnancy, there will be an increase in the volume of blood in mother’s body, and veins enlarge the increased blood volume in order to support the fetus. Positive Family history. There is a higher tendency for patients to suffer from varicose veins if they have a strong family history of suffering from a similar condition. Obesity. Additional pressure are placed on veins when you are overweight. Standing for prolonged periods. Prolonged standing at work tend to result in poorer blood flow. DIAGNOSIS Varicose veins can be diagnosed through a thorough clinical physical examination from a professional as well as an ultrasound scan of the legs. The ultrasound scan is essential in determining the cause, degree, and extent of varicose veins. OUR TREATMENTS Conservative non-surgical treatment Includes the use of tight compression stockings. The stockings aid the flow of blood in the veins to alleviate symptoms and prevent the disease from progressing. Tight compression stockings can help to promote blood flow throughout the legs and may alleviate some discomfort, preventing the progression of the disease. However, more serious cases of varicose veins with prominent symptoms could require further treatment and care. Traditional open surgery is known as high-tie and vein stripping – this method requires general anaesthesia and requires a night’s stay in hospital. Open surgery is often associated with greater pain and a slower process. Minimally invasive procedures With the same benefits as traditional surgery, minimally invasive surgeries cause less pain and have a quicker recovery time as compared to traditional surgery. Instead of a large opening, the surgery is performed through a minuscule incision. Advancements in technology allow for only a small puncture for probes to be inserted into the vein to seal it off. This usually takes place as day surgery with a quick return to daily activities and no need for a disruption to your everyday life or an expensive hospital stay. It is done under local anaesthesia or light sedation where either heat, mechanical, or chemical means will be used to seal the vein. Our treatment techniques include: Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA) Radiofrequency energy is used to heat up and damage the vein wall. A fast and safe outpatient procedure, it takes about 35-40 minutes to perform. Furthermore, it is also a minimally invasive procedure. Venseal™/VenaBlock Glue Closure A small amount of specially formulated medical adhesive is used to seal the varicose vein permanently. Through the closure of these veins, blood is rerouted to healthy veins located nearby, providing relief. This procedure provides a comfortable experience and typically is completed within 15-20 minutes. Clarivein™ Mechanochemical Ablation This procedure combines the mechanical destruction of the veins and the injection of sclerosant (a chemical used in sclerotherapy that seals off veins). A special catheter is inserted that has a wire rotating at high speed, damaging the innermost layer of the vein (or the venous intima). At the same time, there is the controlled injection of sclerosant which seals off the vein. This is a painless technique which requires a lot less local anaesthetic injections. Additionally, there is no risk of heat-induced to surrounding nerves due to the mechanochemical ablation technique. Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs) Suitable for spider veins, this procedure combines transdermal laser and injection sclerotherapy using a chemical sclerosant, all under skin cool (-20C). It leaves minimal scarring and pigmentation post-surgery. This procedure makes use of the Harmony XL PRO, a powerful treatment tool for your aesthetic needs. Using its light, laser, and AFT (Advanced Fluorescence Technology), affected blood vessels beneath the skin are targeted. The treatments are safe and effective, providing you with the long term, reliable results that you desire. https://youtu. be/VZaWqTCL5r8 Varicose Vein Treatment Singapore These minimally invasive procedures will aid in curing stubborn varicose veins and minimising their appearance, helping you to achieve skin that is not only smooth and clear but most importantly, pain-free. Click here to download our Spider and Varicose Vein brochure Related Articles Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Answers to Your Most Common QuestionsVaricose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Everything You Need to KnowVaricose Vein Treatment in SingaporeVaricose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Comprehensive Advice for Optimal ResultsWhat is CLaCS? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: Lymphoedema, lymphoedema legs treatment Singapore, lymphoedema treatment singapore Lymphoedema is swelling which affects the limbs due to failure of the vessels responsible for transporting the lymph. OVERVIEW Lymph is a fluid that circulates around the body, carrying essential substances such as white blood cells, proteins, salts, fat, water, etc. Lymphoedema is swelling which affects the limbs due to failure of the vessels responsible for transporting the lymph. Lymphatic vessels serve to help drain fluid from the extremities as well as acting as an immune gatekeeper. Glands that filter lymph is known as lymph nodes. SYMPTOMS Swelling in the arms and/or legs, particularly in fingers and toes Swelling in the head/neck A feeling of heaviness/aching Tightening of the skin Fatigue Fluid leakage through the skin Difficulty with basic movement More frequent infection Chronic wounds CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Primary lymphoedema is rare and often due to the absence of lymph from birth or the failure of the lymphatic system to work overtime. Patients can present with swollen limbs at birth (congenital absence of lymphatics) or in their teenage years (delayed primary failure). Secondary lymphoedema is more common and is often the result of surgery to remove the lymph nodes (e. g. surgery for breast cancer and axilla lymph node clearance) or radiation therapy to the lymph nodes (e. g. radiation to the groin or pelvic lymph nodes). Sometimes recurrent skin infections (cellulitis) can also damage the lymphatic drainage of the limbs. DIAGNOSIS Diagnosis requires: Obtaining a history of duration of limb swelling. Exclusion of other causes of limb swelling such as associated vein disease, muscle and soft tissue infections and injury. A lymphoscintigraphy (specialised scan) may be done to determine primary vs secondary lymphoedema as well as the extent of the disease. OUR TREATMENTS The main aim of treatment is to reduce the limb swelling and restore functionality. Lymphatic drainage massage as well as compression dressings help reduce swelling significantly, but both have to be done regularly (usually three times a week). Newer therapies include surgery to connect the blocked lymph drainage channels to small veins (lymphovenous bypass) or lymph node transplants to the affected limb. References: MV, T. P. (n. d. ). What is lymphoedema? Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. totalphysiomv. com/massage/what-is-lymphoedema/ Related Articles A Comprehensive Approach to Lymphoedema Treatment: A Vascular Surgeon's PerspectiveSwelling Leg Treatment in SingaporeSwollen Leg: Why do I have it and What can I do? --- - Service Category: Default A varicocele is a condition of tangled dilated veins within the scrotum where the valves in the testicular veins fail, blood flows backwards and pools, causing painful congestion and swelling. OVERVIEW Do you sometimes feel mild to moderate, or even severe and long-lasting testicular pain? You could have a varicocele. A varicocele (VAR-ih-koe-seel) refers to a tangle of dilated veins within the scrotum. The testicles require blood flow from arteries and veins to carry out vital functions. Just like varicose veins in the legs, when the valves in the testicular veins fail, blood flows backwards and pools, becoming stagnant and causing painful congestion and swelling. Varicocele patients may experience piercing sharp pain to dull throbbing ache in the testicle, scrotum or groin, that stretches to their abdomen area. Sufferers from varicocele also experience scrotal heaviness that worsens with exercise, or after prolonged standing. Varicoceles are common, affecting 1 in every 5 men . They commonly occur in the left side of the scrotum due to the positioning of the left testicular vein, though in some cases it affects the right side or even both. Some patients may not experience any pain symptoms. However, varicoceles are major causes of low sperm production and decreased sperm quality, which eventually lead to infertility in 40% of all men who have problems fathering their first child. They could inhibit the regular development of testicles and instead cause them to shrink. SYMPTOMS If you happen to have a varicocele, you might experience the following symptoms: Varying pain (sharp to dull) in the scrotum and testicles Increased pain with standing or physical exertion, especially over long periods of time Pain relief upon lying down A lump/swelling in one of your testicles Visibly engorged or twisted veins in the scrotum (“bag of worms”) Testicular atrophy Some varicoceles do not require any further treatment. However, if you happen to have a varicocele that is very painful, causes swelling in the scrotum, causes testicular atrophy (shrinking of the testicles) or you are considering assisted reproductive techniques, you may want to consider treatment of the varicocele. Varicoceles might keep the temperature of the testicle too high, which affects sperm formation, motility and overall function. The earlier you begin to treat this condition, the better your chances of improving your sperm production and quality. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Varicoceles can happen to men, at any age, and some experts believe that the presence of varicoceles can occur from birth onwards. Varicoceles often form and are detected during puberty, when blood flow to the genitals increases, and in these cases they can prevent proper growth and development of the testicles. DIAGNOSIS Fortunately, if you happen to have a varicocele, you need not worry. Most of them are relatively easy to diagnose and many do not need a treatment if they do not show obvious and obstructive symptoms. Varicoceles are usually discovered through a self-examination of the scrotum or during a routine doctor’s examination. They can be identified as a “bag of worms” due to their appearance, and feeling the spermatic cord and testicle size If issues are initially felt during the physical examinations, your doctor might also perform a scrotal ultrasound test, in which ultrasound waves are used to reveal any veins that might be wider than 3 millimeters that could be part of a varicocele. OUR TREATMENT A varicocelectomy refers to a same-day surgery that is done in a hospital. There are a couple of ways to perform a varicocelectomy, and all of them involve blocking the blood flow in the veins of the spermatic cord, and will be performed under general anesthesia. Microscopic varicocelectomy involves a urologist ligating (clamping or tying) all small veins through a 1cm incision above the scrotum, which takes 2-3 hours to complete. Blood is then able to flow, avoiding these abnormal veins. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy involves the urologist inserting thin tubes into the abdomen to ligate the veins, which only takes 30-40 minutes to complete. For both kinds of varicocelectomy, healing time (around 1 week) and pain level are around the same, and the procedures are generally safe, with post-surgical complications being very rare. Complications although rare, include: The varicocele remaining (persisting) or coming back (recurring) Fluid forming around the testicle (hydrocele) Injury to the testicular artery Alternatively, a minimally-invasive treatment can be offered, known as percutaneous embolisation, which is carried out through a groin or vein access puncture. In this procedure, a catheter is guided using X-ray fluoroscopy to view the source of the issue and locate all veins leading to the varicocele. During embolisation, metallic coils and embolic agent are injected into the abnormal blood vessels supplying the varicocele in order to block the blood flow. This is done either with local anaesthetic or with light sedation, with the procedure lasting anywhere between 45 minutes to an hour. After percutaneous embolisation, you will be able to leave the hospital within the day of the surgery, and return to normal daily activities within a week. In addition, the surgery is minimally pain-inducing, effective and safe. The recurrence rate with embolisation is no different from that of surgery, but there are cases whereby embolisation is preferred over surgery. If you are hoping to improve your fertility, treatment for varicocele should definitely be discussed along with other fertility treatment choices. To find out more, request a consultation with one of our doctors to help you to diagnose varicocele, understand your options and select the best solution available for you. Click here to download our Varicocele brochure References Varicocele: Testicle pain, symptoms, treatments, male infertility. Cleveland Clinic. (n. d. ). Retrieved February 10, 2022, from https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/15239-varicocele Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: deep vein thrombosis treatment singapore, what is deep vein thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots form spontaneously in the deep veins of the lower or upper limbs. OVERVIEW Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots form spontaneously in the deep veins of the lower or upper limbs. Most cases of DVT are fortunately not life-threatening and can be treated with medication. These are usually cases involving the segment of the legs below the knee or the forearm. However, patients with DVT extending above the knee or upper arm towards the heart may be in greater danger as the clots in the DVT can break off in pieces and travel into the heart and lungs resulting in a severe condition known as Pulmonary Embolism (PE). This condition is life-threatening as it prevents oxygen transfer to the venous blood and poses a significant risk of death. SYMPTOMS Symptoms include: Swollen and tender arms/legs: In the legs, the swelling and tenderness may start in the calf and then extend towards the thigh and groin. Whereas in the arms, it can start in the forearm and spread upwards towards the heart. Fast heartbeat (tachycardia) Shortness of breath either in isolation or related to the limb swelling: This is a sign that the patient needs urgent and medical attention, as they may be experiencing a pulmonary embolism. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Common causes and risk factors include: Long periods of immobility (e. g. long-haul flights or travel journeys) After major surgery involving the limbs, pelvis or abdomen, Obesity Dehydration Major trauma to the arms/legs Having a genetic predisposition to blood clotting, causing DVT Abnormal blood vessel anatomy (e. g. May-Thurner syndrome or Paget-Schroetter Syndrome) The presence of underlying cancer which can result in the blood being more prone to clotting (paraneoplastic syndrome) DIAGNOSIS Diagnosis is based on a high level of suspicion, including a risk factor history and ultrasound scans showing the presence of clots in the deep veins. Other associated investigations include a CT scan of the pulmonary arteries and a ventilation-perfusion scan if there is a suspicion of PE. Other investigations include a blood screen for pro-clotting factors and tumour markers if there is underlying suspicion of cancer. OUR TREATMENTS Pharmacological treatments for DVT: Depending on health history, doctors will prescribe thinning blood medication (anti-coagulation) that prevents blood clot formation and dissolves existing blood clots for about six months. Minimally invasive mechanical treatments for DVT: If the DVT is extensive (e. g. extending up the thigh and into the pelvic veins), it is sometimes necessary to use a combination of mechanical devices and particular drugs to dissolve the clots. This process, known as thrombolysis, is usually done if the DVT is less than two weeks old and can be done as a minimally invasive procedure. The thrombolysis is a preventive measure for other long-term DVT complications including Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS) and limb venous ulcers. Other additional treatments include the use of stents to keep the compressed veins open. Related Articles Types of Treatments for Vascular DiseasesHow to Prevent Diseases related to your VeinsDeep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): What is it and how is it treated? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: peripheral arterial disease, peripheral arterial disease singapore Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of arteries that supply blood to the limbs caused by cholesterol & calcium deposits. OVERVIEW Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of arteries that supply blood to the limbs due to the hardening of arteries caused by cholesterol and/or calcium deposits within the arterial wall over time. When this happens, your limbs are unable to receive the necessary nutrients and oxygen that they need, often causing pain in those areas. SYMPTOMS Common symptoms include: Difficulty walking is one of the earliest signs, also known as intermittent claudication. Pain when you begin walking and relieved when you stop. Constant pain as the condition progresses. Development of ulcers or gangrene in the legs when left untreated. This may lead to amputations and can potentially be life-threatening. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS Risk factors include: Diagnosis of other cardiovascular diseases (including stroke and hypertension) Diabetes High cholesterol Chronic Smokers Renal failure DIAGNOSIS Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) measurement – Doctors utilise this treatment for patients with an early stage of PAD. This treatment measures the blood pressure in the arms and legs simultaneously to check for any inconsistencies between the two. Ultrasound scan of arteries – this will help the doctor determine how severely the artery has been narrowed and the obstruction of the blood flow. CT or MRI scans OUR TREATMENTS We provide a minimally invasive endovascular treatment which includes angioplasty and/or stent placement. For a significant number of patients, this can be done as a day procedure with discharge from the hospital on the same day. Some patients may require an open surgical bypass surgery when angioplasty/ stenting is unsuccessful. CHRONIC WOUNDS OVERVIEW A chronic wound is usually a break in the skin with an ulcer over any part of the body. Some of these wounds may have been present for over one month and have been unable to heal on their own. The wound may also have secondary bacterial infections resulting in pus discharge, bad odours, surrounding redness and pain. SYMPTOMS Chronic wounds are usually found at sites where: There is persistent pressure on the skin (e. g. lower back, buttocks, heel of the foot), especially in patients who are not mobile and laying down for long periods The arterial blood supply is poor (e. g. lower limbs, foot and toes of patients with peripheral artery disease) There is an infection underlying the wound (e. g. chronic bone infections resulting is a wound on the surface and discharge) CAUSES/ RISK FACTORS Patients with PAD or diabetes or are immunocompromised are at risk of developing chronic, non-healing wounds. DIAGNOSIS The aim of these investigations is to determine the cause of the wound as well as to guide treatment of the wound. They include: Wound bacterial swabs and cultures are usually taken to determine the presence of bacteria in the wound as well as to guide antibiotic therapy Some patients may require x-rays, CT scans or MRI scans to assess underlying bone and/or soft tissue infections OUR TREATMENTS Wound assessment: For a chronic wound to heal, we must treat two key components – the underlying cause and the wound itself. For example, suppose there is underlying peripheral artery disease causing the poor blood supply to the region of the wound. In that case, the patients should undergo surgery to treat the artery disease to improve the blood flow to the wound. If there is an underlying infection, then the wound may need to be cleaned surgically, and antibiotics started. We then use different techniques with various types of dressing preparations to treat the wound itself. The dressings range from simple gels applied to the wound to complex types like Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) or maggot therapy. We aim to have complete healing of these wounds with the return of functionality. Related Articles Understanding Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)What is a Gangrene? What Conditions Does a Vascular Centre Treat? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: health screening to prevent stroke singapore, how to prevent stroke singapore, stroke prevention singapore, stroke screening in singapore, stroke screening singapore, stroke specialist singapore A stroke is the impairment of a person’s brain function when the blood supply to a certain part of the brain is cut off. OVERVIEW A stroke is the impairment of a person’s brain function when the blood supply to a certain part of the brain is cut off. This prevents the brain tissues from getting the nutrients and oxygen they need. Once a stroke occurs, brain cell death occurs rapidly and a person’s condition can quickly deteriorate and in some cases result in death. There are three kinds of strokes that display similar symptoms: TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK (TIA) TIAs are commonly referred to as “ministrokes” by doctors and have stroke symptoms that last for a brief period (as little as 5 minutes) due to temporary blood flow blockage in the brain. TIAs are often overlooked as the symptoms are transient, but it may be an early indicator of an impending and more severe stroke. It is essential to seek help immediately. ISCHEMIC STROKE An Ischemic stroke occurs when an artery in or to the brain is blocked. It is the most common kind of stroke that can occur rapidly, and seeking help immediately is critical to minimising any possible functional damage to the brain. HEMORRHAGIC STROKE Hemorrhagic strokes are less common than the rest but equally as life-threatening if left untreated. A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when an artery in the brain begins to leak or ruptures. As a result, the region of the body that is controlled by the affected area cannot function properly. There are two subtypes of hemorrhagic strokes: Intracranial haemorrhages occur when there is bleeding inside the brain. Subarachnoid haemorrhages occur when the bleeding is between the brain and the surrounding membranes. SYMPTOMS A stroke is a medical emergency, and if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms, you must seek immediate medical assistance. Trouble speaking, understanding what others are saying. Patients might experience confusion or find themselves slurring their words. Paralysis or numbness usually occurs on one side of the body (in the face, arms or legs). Patients may also find it difficult to raise both their arms or find that one side of the face droops. Hand tremors Sudden dizziness, loss of balance, coordination Trouble seeing out of one or both eyes or sudden sensitivity to light Sudden, severe headaches Nausea and vomiting, difficulty swallowing Loss of consciousness CAUSES/ RISK FACTORS The two leading causes of a stroke are blockage or the rupturing of a blood vessel. In the case of a TIA, this is a temporary disruption to the blood flow. Many things can increase the risk of getting a stroke: Lifestyle risk factors: (treatable conditions) Obesity and physical inactivity High blood pressure (hypertension) High cholesterol Excessive consumption of alcohol Smoking Medical risk factors: (mostly untreatable conditions) Age Head trauma Cerebral aneurysm Personal or family history of high blood pressure, strokes, or any kind of cardiovascular disease DIAGNOSIS Stroke screening is best suited for individuals who are at high risk of a stroke showing no or some pre-warning symptoms. The stroke screening process involves: Consultation Blood tests MRI /CT scan of the brain and its blood vessels Ultrasound scans This non-invasive assessment is followed by appropriate advice/treatment as required on an individual basis. Stroke screening can be combined with cardiac and vascular evaluation as required since risk factors for these medical conditions overlap. OUR TREATMENTS The treatment we offer for stroke can be subdivided Stroke Prevention with Stroke Screening Medication optimisation Risk factor control Acute treatment When the stroke is occurring – acute stroke treatment When there is a clot or bleeding that has occurred Clot retrieval from the blocked brain artery Aneurysm coiling to stop bleeding For a recurrent episodes of ministrokes (TIA) or strokes Evaluation of the cause Stenting of the narrowed or blocked arteries Open surgery to remove blockages of the arteries Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: varicose vein specialist singapore, varicose veins doctor singapore, varicose veins procedure singapore, varicose veins singapore, varicose veins treatment, varicose veins treatment singapore 静脉曲张是肿胀和扩大的血管，可能会给患有静脉曲张的人带来疼痛和不适。 概述 静脉曲张是血管肿胀和扩大，可能会导致患有静脉曲张的人感到疼痛和不适。 一个较温和的版本是蜘蛛静脉。 虽然这些静脉可以在身体的任何地方找到，但由于站立和直立行走时下半身的压力增加，它们通常存在于腿部。 这些可见的静脉是由功能减弱的阀门引起的。 结果，血液回流到静脉中，而不是流向心脏，静脉变得充血、扭曲和延长。 症状 肿胀和扩大的红色/紫色/蓝色血管网络， 腿部沉重感或肿胀，以及 疼痛的腿 静脉周围皮肤变色或变黑 静脉周围皮肤发痒 原因/风险因素 年龄。 静脉曲张的发生率随着年龄的增长而增加，因为静脉瓣膜的磨损会导致血液回流和汇集。 性别。 静脉曲张在女性中更为常见，因为怀孕、月经前或绝经期间荷尔蒙的变化会使静脉壁松弛。 怀孕。 在怀孕期间，母亲体内的血量会增加，静脉会扩大增加的血量以支持胎儿。 阳性家族史。 如果患者有强烈的类似疾病家族史，则他们患静脉曲张的可能性更高。 肥胖。 当您超重时，静脉会承受额外的压力。 长时间站立。 长时间站立工作往往会导致血液流动不良。 诊断 静脉曲张可以通过专业人士的全面临床体格检查以及腿部超声扫描来诊断。 超声扫描对于确定静脉曲张的原因、程度和范围至关重要。 静脉曲张治疗 我们的治疗 保守的非手术治疗 包括使用紧身弹力袜。长袜有助于静脉中的血液流动，以减轻症状并防止疾病进展。 紧身弹力袜有助于促进整个腿部的血液流动，并可能减轻一些不适，防止疾病进展。 然而，症状明显的更严重的静脉曲张病例可能需要进一步的治疗和护理。 传统的开放式手术被称为高领带和静脉剥离术——这种方法需要全身麻醉，并且需要住院一晚。 开放式手术通常伴随着更大的疼痛和更慢的过程。 微创手术 与传统手术相比，微创手术具有与传统手术相同的优点，与传统手术相比，疼痛更小，恢复时间更快。 手术不是大开口，而是通过一个小切口进行的。 技术的进步只允许将探针插入静脉以将其封闭的小孔。 这通常作为日间手术进行，可以快速恢复日常活动，无需中断您的日常生活或昂贵的住院费用。 它是在局部麻醉或轻度镇静下进行的，其中将使用热、机械或化学方法来密封静脉。 我们的治疗技术包括： 射频消融 (RFA ) 射频能量用于加热和破坏静脉壁。 一种快速安全的门诊手术，大约需要 35-40 分钟才能完成。 此外，它也是一种微创手术。 Venseal ™/VenaBlock 胶合封口 少量特殊配方的医用粘合剂用于永久封闭静脉曲张。 通过这些静脉的闭合，血液被重新引导到附近的健康静脉，从而缓解压力。 此过程提供舒适的体验，通常在 15-20 分钟内完成。 Clarivein ™机械化学消融 该程序结合了静脉的机械破坏和硬化剂（一种用于封闭静脉的硬化疗法的化学物质）的注射。 插入一根特殊的导管，该导管有一根高速旋转的金属丝，会损坏静脉的最内层（或静脉内膜）。 同时，有控制注射硬化剂封闭静脉。 这是一种无痛技术，需要更少的局部麻醉剂注射。 此外，由于机械化学消融技术，没有对周围神经产生热诱导的风险。 冷冻激光和冷冻硬化疗法 (CLaCs) 适用于蜘蛛静脉，该程序结合了透皮激光和使用化学硬化剂的注射硬化疗法，所有这些都在皮肤凉爽（-20C）下。 它在手术后留下最小的疤痕和色素沉着。 该程序使用了 Harmony XL PRO，这是一种强大的治疗工具，可满足您的审美需求。 使用其光、激光和 AFT（高级荧光技术），针对皮肤下受影响的血管。 治疗安全有效，可为您提供所需的长期、可靠的结果。 https://youtu. be/VZaWqTCL5r8 这些微创手术将有助于治疗顽固的静脉曲张并最大限度地减少其外观，帮助您获得不仅光滑、透明，而且最重要的是无痛的皮肤。 单击此处下载我们的蜘蛛和静脉曲张手册 相关文章 Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Answers to Your Most Common QuestionsVaricose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Everything You Need to KnowVaricose Vein Treatment in SingaporeVaricose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Comprehensive Advice for Optimal ResultsWhat is CLaCS? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: varicose vein specialist singapore, varicose veins doctor singapore, varicose veins procedure singapore, varicose veins singapore, varicose veins treatment, varicose veins treatment singapore Suy giãn tĩnh mạch là bệnh phình mạch máu và là nguyên nhân gây đau và khó chịu cho người bệnh TỔNG QUÁT Giãn tĩnh mạch là tình trạng các mạch máu bị sưng và phình to có thể gây đau đớn và khó chịu cho những ai mắc phải. Suy giãn tĩnh mạch mạng nhện là dạng giãn tĩnh mạch thể nhẹ hơn, xuất hiện các mạch màu đỏ, tím và xanh nhỏ hơn trên da. . Mặc dù các tĩnh mạch này có thể được tìm thấy ở bất cứ đâu trên cơ thể, nhưng chúng thường xuất hiện ở chân do áp lực phần dưới của cơ thể tăng lên khi đứng và đi. Các tĩnh mạch bị sưng lên là do van bị suy yếu và hoạt động sai. Kết quả là, có một dòng máu chảy ngược đọng lại trong các tĩnh mạch thay vì chảy về tim dẫn đến các tĩnh mạch bị tắc nghẽn, xoắn và dài ra. TRIỆU CHỨNG Phù và sưng tấy mạch máu, mạch nổi đỏ, tím và xanh. Cảm thấy nặng và phù chân. Đau chân Tím tái da. Da bị ngứa và có vảy, dễ bị nhiễm trùng da. NGUYÊN NHÂN GÂY BỆNH VÀ NHỮNG NHÂN TỐ RỦI RO Độ tuổi. Sự xuất hiện của chứng giãn tĩnh mạch có xu hướng tăng lên theo tuổi tác, vì sự hao mòn và rách của các van tĩnh mạch sẽ khiến máu chảy ngược và đọng lại. Giới tính. Giãn tĩnh mạch phổ biến hơn ở nữ giới do sự thay đổi nội tiết tố trong thời kỳ mang thai, tiền kinh nguyệt hoặc mãn kinh làm giãn thành tĩnh mạch. Thai kỳ. Trong thời kỳ mang thai, lượng máu trong cơ thể mẹ sẽ tăng lên và các tĩnh mạch mở rộng lượng máu tăng lên để hỗ trợ thai nhi. Tiền sử bệnh lý gia đình. Bệnh nhân có xu hướng bị suy giãn tĩnh mạch cao hơn nếu họ có tiền sử gia đình mắc bệnh tương tự. Béo phì. Áp lực lớn được đặt lên các tĩnh mạch khi bạn thừa cân. Đứng trong thời gian dài. Đứng lâu tại nơi làm việc có xu hướng dẫn đến lưu lượng máu kém hơn. Chẩn Đoán Giãn tĩnh mạch có thể được chẩn đoán thông qua khám lâm sàng kỹ lưỡng từ bác sĩ chuyên môn cũng như siêu âm chân. Việc siêu âm là rất cần thiết trong việc xác định nguyên nhân, mức độ và kích thước giãn tĩnh mạch. varicose veins treatment PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Điều trị bảo tồn không phẫu thuật Bao gồm việc sử dụng vớ nén chặt. Vớ giúp lưu thông máu trong tĩnh mạch để giảm bớt các triệu chứng và ngăn ngừa bệnh tiến triển. Vớ nén chặt có thể giúp thúc đẩy lưu lượng máu khắp chân và có thể làm giảm bớt cảm giác khó chịu, ngăn ngừa sự tiến triển của bệnh. Tuy nhiên, các trường hợp suy giãn tĩnh mạch nghiêm trọng hơn với các triệu chứng nặng hơn có thể cần được điều trị và chăm sóc thêm. Phương pháp phẫu thuật mở truyền thống được biết đến với tên gọi thắt nút cao và tước tĩnh mạch - phương pháp này yêu cầu gây mê toàn thân và phải nằm viện một đêm. Phẫu thuật mở thường sẽ làm bệnh nhân đau hơn và làm cho quá trình điều trị chậm hơn. Phương pháp điều trị xâm lấn tối thiểu Hiệu quả điều trị tương tự như phẫu thuật truyền thống, phẫu thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu ít gây đau đớn và thời gian hồi phục nhanh hơn so với phẫu thuật truyền thống. Thay vì mở lớn, phẫu thuật này được thực hiện thông qua một vết rạch nhỏ. Những tiến bộ trong công nghệ cho phép chỉ cần một vết rạch nhỏ để đưa các đầu dò vào tĩnh mạch để xử lý phần mạch máu cầ can thiệp. Người bệnh điều trị bằng phương pháp này sẽ hồi phục nhanh và giảm tối thiểu chi phí điều trị. Người bệnh chỉ cần an thần nhẹ hoặc gây tê cục bộ nơi dùng các phương tiện nhiệt, cơ học hoặc hóa học sẽ được sử dụng để sử lý tĩnh mạch. Các kỹ thuật điều trị của chúng tôi bao gồm: Đốt bằng sóng cao tần/ sóng vô tuyến (RFA) Năng lượng tần số vô tuyến được sử dụng để đốt và tác động vào thành tĩnh mạch. Phuong pháp điều trị này được thực hiện ngoại trú nhanh chóng, an toàn, thời gian thực hiện khoảng 35-40 phút. Hơn nữa, nó cũng là một thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu rất an toàn và nhanh hồi phục. Venseal ™ / VenaBlock Keo dán Một lượng nhỏ chất kết dính y tế có công thức đặc biệt được sử dụng để bịt kín các tĩnh mạch bị giãn vĩnh viễn. Thông qua việc đóng các tĩnh mạch này, máu sẽ được chuyển đến các tĩnh mạch khỏe mạnh nằm gần đó, giúp giảm đau. Phương pháp này thường được hoàn thành trong vòng 15-20 phút, người bệnh không đau đớn và hồi phục nhanh. Đốt cơ học ClariveinTM Thủ thuật này kết hợp phá hủy cơ học của các tĩnh mạch và tiêm chất làm mềm (một hóa chất được sử dụng trong liệu pháp điều trị xơ cứng để bít các tĩnh mạch). Một ống thông đặc biệt được đưa vào có một sợi dây quay với tốc độ cao, làm hỏng lớp trong cùng của tĩnh mạch (hoặc lớp thân tĩnh mạch). Đồng thời, có kiểm soát việc tiêm chất xơ vữa để bịt kín tĩnh mạch. Đây là một kỹ thuật không đau, ít cần tiêm thuốc gây tê cục bộ. Ngoài ra, không có nguy cơ gây nhiệt cho các dây thần kinh xung quanh do kỹ thuật cắt đốt cơ học. Cryo-Laser và Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCs): Thích hợp với các tĩnh mạch mạng nhện, quy trình này kết hợp laser qua da và điều trị liệu pháp tiêm bằng cách sử dụng chất làm mềm hóa học, tất cả đều mát lạnh dưới da (-20C). Phương pháp này để lại sẹo và sắc tố tối thiểu sau phẫu thuật. Quy trình này sử dụng Harmony XL PRO, một công cụ điều trị tối ưu cho nhu cầu thẩm mỹ của bạn. Sử dụng ánh sáng, tia laser và AFT (Công nghệ huỳnh quang tiên tiến), các mạch máu bị ảnh hưởng bên dưới da sẽ được nhắm mục tiêu. Các phương pháp này điều trị an toàn và hiệu quả, mang lại cho bạn kết quả lâu dài và đáng tin cậy mà bạn mong muốn. https://youtu. be/VZaWqTCL5r8 Các thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu này sẽ hỗ trợ chữa trị chứng giãn tĩnh mạch cứng đầu và giảm thiểu sự xuất hiện của chúng, giúp bạn có được làn da không chỉ mịn màng, không tì vết mà quan trọng nhất là không đau. Nhấp vào đây để tải xuống tập tài liệu về Tĩnh Mạch Mạng Nhện và Giãn tĩnh mạch của chúng tôi Những bài viết liên quan Varicose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Answers to Your Most Common QuestionsVaricose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Everything You Need to KnowVaricose Vein Treatment in SingaporeVaricose Vein Treatment in Singapore: Comprehensive Advice for Optimal ResultsWhat is CLaCS? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: peripheral arterial disease, peripheral arterial disease singapore Bệnh động mạch ngoại biên (PAD) là bệnh thu hẹp các mạch máu (động mạch) cung cấp lưu lượng máu đến các chi. Sự thu hẹp là do xơ cứng động mạch do cholesterol và / hoặc canxi lắng đọng trong thành động mạch TỔNG QUÁT Bệnh động mạch ngoại biên (PAD) là bệnh thu hẹp các mạch máu (động mạch) cung cấp lưu lượng máu đến các chi. Khi điều này xảy ra, chân tay của bạn không thể nhận được các chất dinh dưỡng cần thiết và oxy mà chúng cần, thường gây ra các cơn đau ở những vùng đó. Image of Normal Artery vs Narrowing of Artery TRIỆU CHỨNG Các triệu chứng phổ biến bao gồm: Đi lại khó khăn là một trong những dấu hiệu sớm nhất, còn được gọi là đau cách hồi IC. Đau khi bạn bắt đầu đi bộ và hết đau khi bạn dừng lại. Đau liên tục khi tình trạng bệnh tiến triển. Phát triển loét hoặc hoại tử ở chân khi không được điều trị. Điều này có thể dẫn đến cắt cụt chi và có thể nguy hiểm đến tính mạng. NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Các yếu tố rủi ro bao gồm: Chẩn đoán các bệnh tim mạch khác (bao gồm đột quỵ và tăng huyết áp) Bệnh tiểu đường Cholesterol cao Người hút thuốc lâu năm Suy thận CHẨN ĐOÁN Đo chỉ số huyết áp cổ chân (ABI) - Các bác sĩ sử dụng phương pháp điều trị này cho những bệnh nhân bị PAD giai đoạn đầu. Bài kiểm tra này bệnh nhân cần phải đo huyết áp ở cánh tay và chân cùng một lúc để kiểm tra xem có bất kỳ sự mâu thuẫn nào giữa hai phương pháp này hay không. Siêu âm quét động mạch - điều này sẽ giúp bác sĩ xác định mức độ nghiêm trọng của động mạch đã bị thu hẹp và sự tắc nghẽn của dòng máu. Chụp CT hoặc MRI CÁC PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Chúng tôi đưa ra các phương pháp điều trị nội mạch xâm lấn tối thiểu bao gồm nong mạch và / hoặc đặt stent. Đối với một số bệnh nhân, điều này có thể được thực hiện như một thủ tục trong ngày và được xuất viện trong cùng một ngày. Một số bệnh nhân có thể yêu cầu phẫu thuật bắc cầu ngoại khoa khi nong mạch / đặt stent không thành công. VẾT THƯƠNG MÃN TÍNH TỔNG QUÁT Vết thương mãn tính thường là vết nứt trên da với vết loét trên bất kỳ bộ phận nào của cơ thể. Một số vết thương này có thể đã xuất hiện hơn một tháng và không thể tự lành. Vết thương cũng có thể bị nhiễm khuẩn thứ phát dẫn đến chảy mủ, có mùi hôi, xung quanh sưng đỏ và đau TRIỆU CHỨNG Vết thương mãn tính thường được tìm thấy ở các vị trí: ở vị trí vùng da có áp lực thường xuyên (ví dụ: lưng dưới, mông, gót chân), đặc biệt ở những bệnh nhân không vận động thường xuyên và nằm suốt trong thời gian dài vị trí ít mạch máu cung cấp, ví dụ như chi dưới, bàn chân và ngón chân của bệnh nhân mắc bệnh động mạch ngoại biên bị nhiễm trùng bên dưới vết thương, ví dụ như nhiễm trùng xương mạn tính dẫn đến vết thương trên bề mặt và xuất huyết NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Bệnh nhân bị PAD thường xảy ra ở người bệnh tiểu đường hoặc bị suy giảm miễn dịch có nguy cơ phát triển các vết thương mãn tính, không lành. CHẨN ĐOÁN Mục đích của việc thăm khám là để xác định nguyên nhân của vết thương cũng như xác định hướng điều trị vết thương. Bao gồm: Băng xử lý vết thương và xét nghiệm vi khuẩn cũng như làm kháng sinh đồ Một số bệnh nhân có thể yêu cầu chụp X-quang, chụp CT hoặc MRI để xác định nhiễm trùng xương và / hoặc mô mềm ĐIỀU TRỊ Để vết thương mạn tính được điều trị lành lại, chúng ta phải điều trị 2 thành phần chính - nguyên nhân cơ bản và chính vết thương. Ví dụ, nếu có bệnh động mạch ngoại biên tiềm ẩn gây ra việc cung cấp máu đến vùng vết thương kém, thì bệnh nhân nên được phẫu thuật để điều trị bệnh động mạch (e / g nong mạch vành / đặt stent) để cải thiện lưu lượng máu đến vết thương. Nếu có nhiễm trùng cơ bản, thì vết thương có thể cần được làm sạch bằng cách phẫu thuật và bắt đầu dùng kháng sinh. Sau đó chúng tôi sử dụng các kỹ thuật khác nhau với các loại băng khác nhau để tự điều trị vết thương. Các loại băng vết thương như từ các loại gel đơn giản được áp dụng cho vết thương cho đến các loại phức tạp như Băng Kín Hút Chân Không (VAC) hoặc liệu pháp giòi. Mục đích của chúng tôi là chữa lành hoàn toàn những vết thương này với sự phục hổi của chức năng. Related Articles Understanding Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)What is a Gangrene? What Conditions Does a Vascular Centre Treat? --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: Aortic Aneurysm, Aortic Aneurysm Treatments Phình động mạch chủ (AA) xuất hiện khi thành động mạch chủ yếu đi và bắt đầu phình ra như một quả bóng TỔNG QUÁT Động mạch chủ là động mạch lớn nhất trong cơ thể, mạch máu chính tuần hoàn máu từ tim đến phần còn lại của cơ thể. Động mạch chủ nằm chủ yếu bên cạnh cột sống và chạy dài từ tim vào ngực, xuống bụng và vào xương chậu nơi nó phân nhánh vào các động mạch vùng chậu. Từ các động mạch vùng chậu đi xuống tạo thành nguồn cung cấp máu chính cho các chi dưới. Trong quá trình đó, động mạch chủ cung cấp cho các nhánh quan trọng hình thành nguồn cung cấp máu quan trọng cho các cơ quan quan trọng như gan, dạ dày, ruột và thận. Chứng phình động mạch chủ (AA) xuất hiện khi thành động mạch chủ yếu đi và bắt đầu phình ra như một quả bóng. Một số vùng mà chứng phình động mạch chủ có thể phát triển: Ở ngực: Phình động mạch chủ ngực (TAA) Trong bụng: Phình động mạch chủ bụng (AAA) Giữa ngực và bụng: Phình động mạch chủ bụng (TAAA) Trong giai đoạn đầu, khi một AA có kích thước nhỏ, nó không gây nguy hiểm cho sức khỏe ngay lập tức. Tuy nhiên, nếu AA tiếp tục phát triển, thành động mạch chủ hoặc các nhánh dưới của nó có thể trở nên mỏng và mất khả năng co giãn. Các phần bị suy yếu của bức tường có thể trở nên không thể hỗ trợ lực và áp lực của dòng máu. Một túi phình như vậy có thể vỡ ra, gây chảy máu trong nghiêm trọng và tử vong. Diagram of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm TRIỆU CHỨNG Đau - cơn đau dai dẳng và dữ dội ở ngực, bụng và lưng hoặc ở chi dưới Sốt dai dẳng Xuất hiện cơn co bóp hoặc nhói đau ở bụng Hoại tử ở ngón chân Nôn ói liên tục sau khi ăn NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Bệnh nhân nên khám sàng lọc nếu họ thuộc các nhóm yếu tố nguy cơ sau: Người nghiện thuốc lá Trên 65 tuổi, chủ yếu là nam giới Huyết áp cao trong thời gian dài và / hoặc bệnh tim Những người mắc bệnh mô mềm bẩm sinh như hội chứng Marfan, Hội chứng Ehlers-Danlos, Hội chứng Loeys-Dietz Tiền sử gia đình có mắc chứng phình động mạch và bóc tách động mạch chủ CHẨN ĐOÁN Chẩn đoán dựa trên khám lâm sàng, nơi có thể sờ thấy túi phình như một khối u trong bụng. Nên siêu âm hoặc chụp CT để xác nhận chứng phình động mạch CÁC CÁCH ĐIỀU TRỊ Có 2 phương pháp điều trị cho AA: Phương pháp can thiệp mổ mở: điều trị phình động mạch truyền thống và được thực hiện theo cách rạch hoặc cắt dài trên thành ngực Phẫu thuật mở là một phương pháp tốt nhưng có rủi ro bệnh tật và tỷ lệ tử vong đáng kể do tính chất xâm lấn. Vì vậy, phương pháp này chỉ được khuyến cáo cho những bệnh nhân trẻ tuổi có rủi ro phẫu thuật thấp. Phục hồi sau phẫu thuật của phẫu thuật mở thường yêu cầu chăm sóc ICU (phòng theo dõi đặc biệt) tối đa 1 tuần sau phẫu thuật. Và bệnh nhân thường mất khoảng 1 tháng đến 6 tuần để hồi phục hoàn toàn sau khi phẫu thuật Phương pháp can thiệp xâm lấn tối thiểu - Phương pháp đặt stent còn được gọi là nội soi can thiệp phình động mạch (EVAR). Điều này bao gồm việc đặt (liên quan đến việc đưa các stent đặc biệt (các ống nhỏ giữ mạch mở) qua các động mạch đùi chân thông qua các vết rạch nhỏ (1cm) ở bẹn vào vị trí của chứng phình động mạch, làm mềm stent và loại trừ nó khỏi lưu thông huyết áp động mạch dưới X-hướng dẫn tia (soi huỳnh quang). EVAR có thể được thực hiện cho bệnh nhân lớn tuổi hoặc bệnh nhân mắc nhiều bệnh có rủi ro cao trong phẫu thuật. Ngoài ra, do tính chất xâm lấn tối thiểu, EVAR có thể được thực hiện dưới sự gây tê cục bộ và an thần nhẹ. Những bệnh nhân được điều trị bằng EVAR thường không phải nằm tại phòng ICU (chăm sóc tích cực) sau khi phẫu thuật. Do không có vết mổ lớn, bệnh nhân thường tỉnh dậy trong khoảng 8 tiếng và được xuất viện trong 48 tiếng sau phẫu thuật. Trong một số trường hợp, bệnh nhân trẻ và khỏe mạnh thậm chí có thể thực hiện EVAR và xuất viện trong cùng ngày. THEO DÕI CHĂM SÓC SAU CAN THIỆP Sau khi điều trị bằng AA, tất cả bệnh nhân nên được theo dõi thường xuyên suốt đời. Do bệnh AA là thoái hóa trong tự nhiên và có thể tiếp tục phát triển ở các phần khác của động mạch chủ mà trước đây không có phình động mạch. Không có gì lạ khi bệnh nhân bị phình động mạch bụng sau đó phát triển bị phình động mạch ngực và ngược lại. Nhất là khi bệnh nhân vẫn còn hút thuốc và mắc bệnh tăng huyết áp. Theo dõi sau phẫu thuật phình động mạch đòi hỏi phải siêu âm lặp lại và chụp CT phải được thực hiện đều đặn (6 tháng đầu tiên và sau đó hàng năm). Việc này là cần thiết đối với những bệnh nhân đã trải qua thủ thuật EVAR và chụp cắt lớp được thực hiện để phát hiện sự rò rỉ xung quanh stent Phình bóc tách động mạch chủ OVERVIEW Phình bóc tách động mạch chủ xảy ra khi có một vết rách trên thành động mạch chủ, dẫn đến xuất huyết ở giữa các lớp cơ của động mạch chủ. Kết quả là động mạch chủ được chia thành 2 khoang - một khoang thật và một khoang giả. Bóc tách động mạch chủ có thể làm gián đoạn dòng máu chảy vào các động mạch và các cơ quan được cung cấp bởi động mạch chủ, ví dụ như ruột, thận, chân do đó làm cho các cơ quan bị ảnh hưởng và có khả năng tử vong TRIỆU CHỨNG Đau ngực dữ dội liên quan đến tăng huyết áp Đau vùng bụng NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Nhóm rủi ro bao gồm: Những người bị tăng huyết áp không kiểm soát được Những người mắc các bệnh mô mềm bẩm sinh như hội chứng Marfan, Hội chứng Ehlers-Danlos, Hội chứng Loeys-Dietz Những người có thể bị chấn thương động mạch chủ, ví dụ như tai nạn xe CHẨN ĐOÁN Chụp CT có chất cảm quang vùng ngực và bụng là cách tốt nhất để chẩn đoán bóc tách động mạch chủ. Hình ảnh sẽ cho chúng ta thấy vết rách ban đầu ở thành động mạch chủ là gì, mức độ bóc tách (phần nào của động mạch chủ có liên quan), các cơ quan bị ảnh hưởng và cung cấp máu cũng như cho các bác sĩ ý tưởng về cách tốt nhất để điều trị. CÁC CÁCH CHỮA TRỊ Với trường hợp cấp tính, cần điều trị tích cực kiểm soát huyết áp tăng cao nhằm đảm bảo phẫu thuật hiệu quả hơn. Bước tiếp theo là phẫu thuật mở để sửa chữa vết rách của thành động mạch chủ hoặc EVAR xâm lấn tối thiểu - đặt stent-graft qua động mạch háng Kandola, A. (2020, ngày 27 tháng 5). Phình động mạch chủ bụng: Tầm soát, điều trị và các triệu chứng. Được truy cập ngày 25 tháng 1 năm 2022, từ https://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/ab bụng-aortic-aneurysm Người giới thiệu: Kandola, A. (2020, ngày 27 tháng 5). Phình động mạch chủ bụng: Tầm soát, điều trị và các triệu chứng. Được truy cập ngày 25 tháng 1 năm 2022, từ https://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/ab bụng-aortic-aneurysm Những bài viết liên quan DR BENJAMIN CHUA VỀ BỆNH THƯỜNG GẶP VÀ PHẪU THUẬT Understanding Aortic Aneurysm: Symptoms & CausesFrom Detection to Recovery: A Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysms in SingaporeAortic Aneurysm: A Guide to Understanding the Risks and Treatment Options in SingaporeA Complete Guide to Aortic Aneurysm in SingaporeGuide to Aortic Aneurysm: Treatments in Singapore --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: brain aneurysm surgery, brain aneurysm surgery singapore Dị dạng mạch máu não là hiện tượng mạch máu não phình đại bất thường. Thường xuất hiện ở độ tuổi 40-60 TỔNG QUÁT Phình mạch não là hiện tượng phồng lên hoặc căng phồng của một mạch máu cung cấp cho não. Chứng phình động mạch não chiếm 1% đến 2% dân số. Những người từ 40-60 tuổi có nhiều khả năng bị chứng phình mạch máu não. TRIỆU CHỨNG Nhức đầu Hoa mắt Biến chứng nghiêm trọng nhất là vỡ túi phình dẫn đến đau đầu đột ngột dữ dội và tử vong ngay lập tức ở 20% bệnh nhân bị ảnh hưởng. Trong số dân bị ảnh hưởng còn lại, nó dẫn đến đột quỵ xuất huyết nghiêm trọng có khả năng suy nhược nếu không được điều trị. CÁC YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Một số yếu tố nguy cơ đã biết bao gồm: Lịch sử gia đình có người mắc bệnh phình mạch máu não Hút thuốc Tăng huyết áp Bệnh thận đa nang Trên 50 tuổi. CHẨN ĐOÁN Chụp CT đơn giản hoặc chụp MRI là tất cả những gì cần thiết để chẩn đoán chứng phình động mạch não và đưa ra phác đồ điều trị. PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Chứng phình động mạch não là một bệnh có thể điều trị được và thời điểm tốt nhất để điều trị là trước khi nó bị vỡ. Coiling là một kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu và là một thay thế phổ biến cho phương pháp phẫu thuật mở truyền thống. Coiling có thể được hỗ trợ bằng bóng hoặc stent. Một phương pháp khác là sử dụng một stent chuyển dòng đặc biệt để điều trị chứng phình động mạch. Người bệnh chỉ bị rạch một vết nhỏ ở bẹn để tiếp cận mạch máu. Các ống thông nhỏ và dây dẫn được đưa qua vết mổ và dẫn đến não để làm tắc nghẽn túi phình. Thời gian điều trị và thời gian hồi phục đều ngắn hơn nhiều so với mổ hở (1-2 ngày nếu túi phình không bị vỡ). Example of brain aneurysm treated with flow diverted device (arrows) Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: health screening to prevent stroke singapore, how to prevent stroke singapore, stroke prevention singapore, stroke screening in singapore, stroke screening singapore, stroke specialist singapore Hiện tượng xuất huyết mạch máu não xảy ra khi mạch máu não bị vỡ TỔNG QUÁT Đột quỵ là sự suy giảm chức năng não của một người khi nguồn cung cấp máu cho một phần nhất định của não bị ngưng. Điều này ngăn cản các mô não nhận được chất dinh dưỡng và oxy mà chúng cần. Khi đột quỵ xảy ra, tế bào não chết nhanh chóng và tình trạng của bệnh nhân có thể nhanh chóng xấu đi và trong một số trường hợp dẫn đến tử vong. Có ba loại đột quỵ có các triệu chứng như sau: CƠN THIẾU MÁU NÃO CỤC BỘ THOÁNG QUA (TIA) TIA thường được các bác sĩ gọi là “ministrokes” và có các triệu chứng đột quỵ kéo dài trong một thời gian ngắn (ít nhất là 5 phút) do tắc nghẽn dòng máu tạm thời trong não. TIA thường không dễ phát hiệnvì các triệu chứng chỉ thoáng qua, nhưng nó có thể là dấu hiệu sớm của một cơn đột quỵ sắp xảy ra và nghiêm trọng hơn. Điều cần thiết là tìm kiếm sự giúp đỡ ngay lập tức. ĐỘT QUỴ DO THIẾU MÁU CỤC BỘ Đột quỵ do thiếu máu cục bộ xảy ra khi một động mạch trong não/hoặc mạch máu cung cấp cho não bị tắc nghẽn. Đây là loại đột quỵ phổ biến nhất có thể xảy ra nhanh chóng và việc cấp cứu ngay lập tức rất quan trọng để giảm thiểu tổn thương tại các chức năng của não. ĐỘT QUỴ DO XUẤT HUYẾT Đột quỵ xuất huyết ít phổ biến hơn so với những trường hợp còn lại nhưng cũng nguy hiểm đến tính mạng nếu không được điều trị kịp thời. Đột quỵ xuất huyết xảy ra khi một động mạch trong não bắt đầu bị rỉ máu hoặc bị vỡ. Kết quả là vùng cơ thể được kiểm soát bởi vùng bị ảnh hưởng không thể hoạt động bình thường. Có hai dạng phụ của đột quỵ xuất huyết: Xuất huyết nội sọ xảy ra khi có chảy máu bên trong não. Xuất huyết dưới nhện xảy ra khi chảy máu giữa não và các màng xung quanh. TRIỆU CHỨNG Đột quỵ là bệnh cấp tính cần điều trị kịp thời, nếu bạn gặp bất kỳ triệu chứng nào sau đây, bạn cần gặp bác sĩ và điều trị kịp thời: Khó nói, hiểu những gì người khác đang nói. Bệnh nhân có thể bị nhầm lẫn hoặc thấy mình nói ngọng. Thường cảm thấy tê ở một bên của cơ thể (ở mặt, cánh tay hoặc chân). Bệnh nhân cũng có thể cảm thấy khó khăn khi nâng cả hai tay lên hoặc thấy một bên mặt bị xệ xuống. Run tay Chóng mặt đột ngột, mất thăng bằng, khó cử động Nhìn không rõ một hoặc cả hai mắt hoặc nhạy cảm đột ngột với ánh sáng Đau đầu đột ngột, dữ dội Buồn nôn và nôn, khó nuốt Mất ý thức NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Hai nguyên nhân chính dẫn đến đột quỵ là tắc nghẽn hoặc vỡ mạch máu. Trong trường hợp TIA, đây là sự gián đoạn tạm thời đối với lưu lượng máu. Nhiều điều có thể làm tăng nguy cơ bị đột quỵ: Các yếu tố nguy cơ về lối sống: (tình trạng có thể điều trị được) Béo phì và ít vận động Cao huyết áp (tăng huyết áp) Cholesterol cao Uống quá nhiều đồ uống có cồn Hút thuốc Các yếu tố nguy cơ y tế: (hầu hết là các tình trạng không thể điều trị được) Già đi Chấn thương đầu Chứng phình động mạch não Tiền sử cá nhân hoặc gia đình về huyết áp cao, đột quỵ hoặc bất kỳ loại bệnh tim mạch nào CHẨN ĐOÁN Tầm soát đột quỵ là phương pháp kiểm tra phù hợp nhất cho những người có nguy cơ cao bị đột quỵ khi họ không có hoặc có một số triệu chứng báo trước. Quá trình tầm soát đột quỵ bao gồm: Khám và tư vấn bác sĩ chuyên khoa Xét nghiệm máu Chụp MRI / CT não và các mạch máu của nó Siêu âm Trên đây là các xét nghiệm cần thiết để tầm soát đột quỵ. Tầm soát đột quỵ có thể được kết hợp với đánh giá tim và mạch theo yêu cầu bởi triệu chứng và nguy cơ mắc bệnh tương tự như nhau PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Phương pháp điều trị cho bệnh đột quỵ có thể được xác định bằng một số phương pháp sau: Phòng ngừa Đột quỵ: tầm soát đột quỵ Thuốc điều trị Kiểm soát yếu tố rủi ro Điều trị cấp tính Khi bị đột quỵ - điều trị đột quỵ cấp tính Khi xuất hiện nghẽn mạch máu hoặc xuất huyết Thông tắc mạch máu bị tắc nghẽn Đặt coin để cầm máu Đối với các đợt tái phát của các cơn thiếu máu não cục bộ (TIA) hoặc đột quỵ Đánh giá nguyên nhân Đặt stent động mạch bị hẹp hoặc tắc nghẽn Phẫu thuật mở để loại bỏ tắc nghẽn động mạch Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: CAD, Carotid Arterial Disease Bệnh động mạch cảnh (CAD) xuất hiện khi hai động mạch cảnh ở cổ bị hẹp hoặc tắc nghẽn TỔNG QUÁT Bệnh động mạch cảnh (CAD) xảy ra khi một hoặc cả hai động mạch cổ chính cung cấp cho não “xơ vữa” và bị tắc nghẽn bởi các mảng bám, tạo thành từ chất béo và cholesterol, dọc theo thành mạch máu (thông qua một quá trình được gọi là xơ vữa động mạch) . CAD là nguyên nhân phổ biến của đột quỵ do thiếu máu cục bộ. Diagram showing healthy carotid artery and Carotid Stenosis TRIỆU CHỨNG Bệnh nhân mắc CAD thường không có triệu chứng và chỉ được chẩn đoán sau một cơn đột quỵ hoặc một cơn đột quỵ thoáng qua do thiếu máu cục bộ (“đột quỵ”). Các triệu chứng phổ biến của đột quỵ bao gồm: Khó nói, chậm hiểu những gì người khác đang nói. Bệnh nhân có thể bị nhầm lẫn hoặc thấy mình nói ngọng. Thường cảm thấy tê ở một bên của cơ thể (ở mặt, cánh tay hoặc chân). Bệnh nhân cũng có thể cảm thấy khó khăn khi nâng cả hai tay lên hoặc thấy một bên mặt bị xệ xuống. Run tay Chóng mặt đột ngột, mất thăng bằng, khó cử động Nhìn không rõ một hoặc cả hai mắt hoặc nhạy cảm đột ngột với ánh sáng Đau đầu đột ngột, dữ dội Buồn nôn và nôn, khó nuốt Mất ý thức NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Tuổi tác. Xơ vữa động mạch có thể bắt đầu phát triển trong tuổi trẻ của một người và từ từ tiến triển thành CAD và đột quỵ khi người đó già đi. Tiền sử gia đình có liên quan tới đột quỵ hoặc xơ vữa động mạch Tiền sử đột quỵ trước đây Huyết áp cao Cholesterol cao Béo phì hoặc không hoạt động thể chất Bệnh tiểu đường Hút thuốc CHẨN ĐOÁN Chụp chiếu hay khám sàng là phương pháp được áp dụng để tầm soát đối với những bệnh nhân thuộc nhóm nguy cơ cao đối với CAD. Một số xét nghiệm hình ảnh có thể được thực hiện để chẩn đoán. Siêu âm Chụp CT đầu cổ Chụp MRI đầu cổ MRA (Chụp mạch cộng hưởng từ) Chụp động mạch não - còn được gọi là Chụp mạch số hoá xoá nền (DSA), là một thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu, có xử dụng chất cảm quang nhuộm được đưa vào động mạch cảnh thông qua một ống thông để chụp X-quang. PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Trong điều trị xơ vữa động mạch, bệnh nhân có thể thực hiện một số thay đổi lối sống để kiểm soát các yếu tố nguy cơ nhằm ngăn ngừa hoặc trì hoãn CAD. Người bệnh cần điều chỉnh lối sống lành mạnh, trường hợp cần thiết có thể dùng kết hợp với thuốc điều trị theo hướng dẫn của bác sĩ hoặc can thiệp bằng phương pháp phẫu thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu. Nong mạch và đặt stent Nong mạch và đặt stent là kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu, là một phương pháp điều trị hiệu quả, trong đó bác sĩ mở rộng động mạch để khôi phục lưu lượng máu lên não. Ống thông được đưa vào động mạch, đưa bóng qua và được bơm căng để mở rộng động mạch vùng bị hẹp. Sau đó, stent được đặt vào động mạch để hỗ trợ các thành động mạch và ngăn ngừa tái phát. Phẫu thuật mở (Cắt bỏ nội mạc động mạch cảnh) Phương pháp điều trị truyền thống của CAD là phẫu thuật cắt bỏ nội mạc động mạch cảnh, nơi các bác sĩ rạch một đường ở cổ để tiếp cận động mạch để loại bỏ mảng bám hoặc tắc nghẽn, trong niêm mạc của động mạch để khôi phục dòng chảy. References: Carotid stenosis. (n. d. ). Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. templehealth. org/services/conditions/carotid-stenosis Related Articles What Conditions Does a Vascular Centre Treat? --- - Service Category: Default Dị dạng mạch máu là sự tăng trưởng bất thường bao gồm các động mạch, tĩnh mạch và / hoặc mạch bạch huyết có thể xảy ra bất cứ nơi nào trong cơ thể. TỔNG QUÁT Dị dạng động tĩnh mạch là sự tăng trưởng bất thường bao gồm các động mạch, tĩnh mạch và / hoặc mạch bạch huyết có thể xảy ra bất cứ nơi nào trong cơ thể. Các mạch này không phát triển theo mô hình bình thường mà thay vào đó nó lại phát triển bất thường. Những dị tật này thường không phải là ung thư nhưng có thể phát triển và chèn ép các mô xung quanh. Các loại dị tật động tĩnh mạch phổ biến: Dị dạng động mạch (AVM): Sự phát triển bất thường có thể nhìn thấy của tĩnh mạch và động mạch ở vị trí của mao mạch. Bệnh nhân có thể cảm thấy cảm giác đập mạnh hoặc hồi hộp ở khu vực bị ảnh hưởng. Các dị tật tĩnh mạch nhìn giống như các cục u nhỏ màu xanh và hoặc màu da dưới da Dị dạng bạch huyết tĩnh mạch (LVM): Dị dạng bạch huyết là những khối u lành tính bao gồm các kênh chứa đầy chất lỏng gây ra bởi sự phát triển bất thường của hệ bạch huyết. Rò rỉ động mạch màng cứng: Đây là một tình trạng mạch máu hiếm gặp xảy ra khi các kết nối bất thường (lỗ rò) được tạo ra giữa động mạch và tĩnh mạch trong lớp vỏ não (màng cứng). U máu: Đây là sự phát triển của loại u không phải ung thư của các mạch máu và thường xuất hiện dưới dạng một vết bớt màu đỏ ở trẻ sơ sinh, có thể ở bất kỳ vị trí nào trên cơ thể (thường ở mặt, da đầu, lưng hoặc ngực). DỊ DẠNG ĐỘNG TĨNH MẠCH TỔNG QUÁT Dị dạng động mạch (AVM) là một đám rối bất thường của mạch máu giữa động mạch và tĩnh mạch có thể phát triển trong thời gian ngắn trước hoặc sau khi sinh, ảnh hưởng đến hơn 1% dân số nói chung. AVM có thể được tìm thấy ở vị trí của các mao mạch cực nhỏ kết nối động mạch và tĩnh mạch trong cơ thể chúng ta, ảnh hưởng xấu đến lưu lượng máu bình thường. AVM thường được tìm thấy ở đầu và cổ, thường gặp và có thể có khả năng gây ra các biến chứng nghiêm trọng, bao gồm co giật, đột quỵ và các vấn đề về hô hấp TRIỆU CHỨNG Hầu hết các AVM không gây ra bất kỳ triệu chứng ban đầu nào và nhiều AVM có thể không có triệu chứng trong suốt cuộc đời của một người. Tuy nhiên, có nguy cơ AVM bị chảy máu và hậu quả của việc này có thể khác nhau tùy theo kích thước và mức độ nghiêm trọng của nó. Các triệu chứng có thể xuất hiện ở mọi lứa tuổi nhưng thường trở nên rõ ràng trong độ tuổi từ 10 đến 40. Một số phụ nữ mang thai có thể gặp các triệu chứng nghiêm trọng hơn do huyết áp tăng trong thai kỳ. Các triệu chứng bao gồm: Đổi màu da Sưng tấy Da trên AVM có thể mỏng hơn và dễ bị loét. Khó chịu - đau và nhức Đối với AVM của não: Nhức đầu, đau một vùng trên đầu Yếu cơ hoặc tê ở một phần cơ thể Co giật Nói khó Lú lẫn NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Nguyên nhân của AVM trong não vẫn chưa được biết, nhưng nhiều người tin rằng nó là bẩm sinh. Bất kỳ ai cũng có thể sinh ra với AVM và một số yếu tố nguy cơ bao gồm: Tiền sử gia đình có người bị AVMs. Không rõ liệu có mối tương quan trực tiếp giữa các thành viên trong gia đình từng mắc AVM khiến nó di truyền hay không. Tuy nhiên, có thể do di truyền các tình trạng khác khiến một người dễ bị AVM hơn. DỊ DẠNG TĨNH MẠCH TỔNG QUÁT Dị dạng tĩnh mạch (VM) là sự mở rộng bất thường của thành tĩnh mạch, xuất hiện dưới dạng cục u mềm dưới da có màu hơi xanh hoặc màu da. Các tĩnh mạch mở rộng dẫn đến giảm áp suất và lưu lượng máu chậm hơn dẫn đến hình thành các cục máu đông. TRIỆU CHỨNG Những dị tật này có thể xảy ra ở bất kỳ vị trí nào trên cơ thể và các triệu chứng phụ thuộc vào vị trí của nó trong cơ thể và loại bệnh. Một số bệnh nhân chỉ nhận thấy dị tật và được chẩn đoán mắc bệnh ở độ tuổi muộn hơn (30 - 50 tuổi). Ngay cả những trẻ nhỏ như trẻ sơ sinh cũng có thể phát triển tình trạng này, các triệu chứng rõ ràng thường xuất hiện khi bệnh nhân già đi. Chúng bao gồm: Xấu đi về mặt thẩm mỹ / cục mềm có thể nhìn thấy bằng mắt thường Đau và sự đổi màu đậm hơn của vùng da xung quanh nơi có dị dạng Mất chức năng chi. Bao gồm yếu cơ, tê và trong trường hợp nghiêm trọng, liệt một chi. Dị dạng mạch máu bên trong não có thể chảy máu, gây đột quỵ hoặc co giật do áp lực lên não nếu không được điều trị sớm. NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Dị dạng mạch máu hầu hết là bẩm sinh. Tuy nhiên, chưa có bất kỳ bằng chứng nào chỉ ra khả năng nó có thể được di truyền. Trong một số trường hợp hiếm hoi, dị dạng mạch máu có thể do chấn thương. DỊ DẠNG BẠCH HUYẾT TỔNG QUÁT Dị dạng bạch huyết (LVM) là những khối u hiếm gặp, không ác tính bao gồm các khoảng chứa đầy chất lỏng do sự phát triển bất thường của hệ thống bạch huyết có thể xuất hiện ở bất kỳ vị trí nào trên cơ thể. Dị dạng hệ bạch huyết bề ngoài có thể trông giống như những vết sưng mềm nhỏ dưới da trong khi một số LVM không thể nhìn thấy trên bề mặt cơ thể. Bất kể kích thước LVM là bao nhiêu, nó có thể gây suy giảm chức năng của các cấu trúc hoặc cơ quan lân cận và làm biến dạng các vùng bị ảnh hưởng. TRIỆU CHỨNG Nói chung, các triệu chứng của LVM phát sinh do bị nén hoặc tắc nghẽn các cấu trúc lân cận và nó thay đổi tùy thuộc vào kích thước và vị trí chính xác. Các biến chứng có thể xảy ra với LVM bao gồm viêm mãn tính hoặc chảy máu thành dị dạng. Khi LVM bị viêm, nó sẽ gây sưng và đỏ da (viêm mô tế bào). Viêm mô tế bào mãn tính có thể gây đau và biến dạng vùng bị ảnh hưởng. Chảy máu thành LVM có thể gây đau dữ dội, sưng tấy và mở rộng dị dạng ở vùng bị ảnh hưởng. NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Dị dạng bạch huyết xảy ra khi các tĩnh mạch bạch huyết không hình thành và phát triển chính xác trong thời kỳ mang thai. RÒ ĐỘNG MẠCH MÀNG CỨNG TỔNG QUÁT Rò động mạch màng cứng (DAVF) là một tình trạng mạch máu hiếm gặp xảy ra khi các kết nối bất thường (đường rò) được tạo ra giữa các động mạch và tĩnh mạch trong lớp phủ não (màng cứng). Khi một lỗ rò hình thành, máu chảy ở áp suất cao từ động mạch sẽ đi thẳng vào tĩnh mạch, thường lưu thông máu ở áp suất thấp hơn. Điều này có thể làm tắc nghẽn hệ thống tĩnh mạch của não, cuối cùng dẫn đến rối loạn chức năng não. Chúng được tìm thấy trong não và cột sống và có xu hướng xuất hiện muộn hơn trong cuộc sống. TRIỆU CHỨNG Một cá nhân bị DAVF có thể không gặp bất kỳ triệu chứng nào. Các triệu chứng xuất hiện có thể từ nhẹ đến nặng hơn. Một dấu hiệu bổ sung nổi bật của DAVFs là ù tai. Ù tai thoáng qua xảy ra khi bệnh nhân bắt đầu nghe thấy âm thanh của máu chảy từ động mạch qua lỗ rò vào tĩnh mạch, đặc trưng bởi âm thanh vù vù dai dẳng gần tai. Tuy nhiên, cần lưu ý rằng bệnh nhân bị ù tai thoáng qua không phải lúc nào cũng có DAVF mà có thể có một số tình trạng khác. Nhẹ: Nhìn không rõ Lồi mắt (chứng lồi mắt) Sưng niêm mạc mắt Nghiêm trọng: thường có thể do xuất huyết vùng bị ảnh hưởng Co giật Đau đầu đột ngột Khó khăn khi nói Sa sút trí tuệ Các vấn đề phối hợp Cảm giác bỏng hoặc châm chích xung quanh khu vực bị ảnh hưởng Buồn nôn hoặc nôn mửa CHẨN ĐOÁN DỊ DẠNG ĐỘNG MẠCH NÃO Chẩn đoán thường được thực hiện sau khi khám lâm sàng. Có thể thực hiện các quy trình chẩn đoán hình ảnh như chụp cắt lớp vi tính (CT scan hoặc CAT), chụp cộng hưởng từ (MRI), chụp mạch cộng hưởng từ (MRA) và chụp mạch não (còn được gọi là chụp mạch số hoá xoá nền hoặc DSA) để xác định vị trí và tính chất của dị tật cũng như mức độ tổn thương các mô xung quanh. Các thử nghiệm này thường được lặp lại để kiểm tra sự thay đổi về kích thước của AVM. NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Không có lý do rõ ràng là tại sao DVAFs hình thành. Tuy nhiên, một số mẫu đã được xác định bao gồm: Huyết khối tĩnh mạch trước Những vùng trên cơ thể có tiền sử chấn thương / phẫu thuật trong quá khứ nơi có thể phát triển lỗ rò. Tiền sử gia đình bị huyết khối có thể khiến bệnh nhân dễ bị DVAFs hơn. Nhóm tuổi bị ảnh hưởng chủ yếu là 50-60 tuổi nhưng thậm chí có thể ảnh hưởng đến trẻ em. CHẨN ĐOÁN DỊ DẠNG ĐỘNG MẠCH NÃO Chẩn đoán thường được thực hiện sau khi khám lâm sàng. Có thể thực hiện các quy trình chẩn đoán hình ảnh như chụp cắt lớp vi tính (CT scan hoặc CAT), chụp cộng hưởng từ (MRI), chụp mạch cộng hưởng từ (MRA) và chụp mạch não (còn được gọi là chụp mạch số hoá xoá nền hoặc DSA) để xác định vị trí và tính chất của dị tật cũng như mức độ tổn thương các mô xung quanh. Các thử nghiệm này thường được lặp lại để kiểm tra sự thay đổi về kích thước của AVM. ĐIỀU TRỊ Phẫu thuật cắt bỏ dị tật - có thể tái phát và phát triển trở lại nếu không được cắt bỏ hoàn toàn và có thể gây biến dạng. Tùy thuộc vào kích thước của dị tật, một số bệnh nhân có thể yêu cầu một vài buổi điều trị như vậy. Thay vào đó, các phương pháp xâm lấn tối thiểu có thể được sử dụng để ngăn chặn sự phát triển của dị tật. Tùy thuộc vào kích thước và loại dị tật, một số bệnh nhân có thể yêu cầu một vài buổi điều trị như vậy. Các phương pháp này bao gồm: Thuyên tắc mạch: một phương pháp điều trị can thiệp được sử dụng để chặn dòng máu đến các mạch máu bất thường, làm tắc các động mạch dị dạng. Phương pháp điều trị này có hiệu quả cao trong việc điều trị khu vực được nhắm mục tiêu. Liệu pháp điều trị: tiêm các thành phần tĩnh mạch / bạch huyết với dung dịch làm mờ sẹo làm co lại mạch máu / bạch huyết. Đây là một thủ tục không phẫu thuật mà chỉ cần một mũi tiêm. U... --- - Service Category: Default Đây là hiện tượng gây phù nề bàn chân do vết thương không thể lành. Nguyên nhân do mạch máu không cung cấp đủ bạch huyết để làm lành vết thương. TỔNG QUÁT Bạch huyết là chất lỏng lưu thông khắp cơ thể, mang theo các chất thiết yếu như bạch cầu, protein, muối, chất béo, nước, ... Phù bạch huyết là tình trạng sưng phù ảnh hưởng đến các chi do các mạch chịu trách nhiệm vận chuyển bạch huyết bị ngưng trệ. Các mạch bạch huyết giúp thoát chất lỏng từ các đầu chi cũng như hoạt động như một người gác cổng miễn dịch. Các tuyến lọc bạch huyết được gọi là các hạch bạch huyết. Image showing Blockage in the Lymphatic Vessel TRIỆU CHỨNG Sưng ở cánh tay và / hoặc chân, đặc biệt là ở ngón tay và ngón chân Sưng ở đầu / cổ Cảm giác nặng nề / đau nhức Da bị phồng và căng Mệt mỏi Rò rỉ chất lỏng qua da Chuyển động cơ bản khó khăn Dễ bị nhiễm trùng Vết thương mãn tính NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Phù bạch huyết nguyên phát hiếm gặp và thường do không có bạch huyết từ khi sinh ra hoặc hệ thống bạch huyết không hoạt động một cách tích cực. Bệnh nhân có thể bị sưng phù tay chân khi mới sinh (bẩm sinh không có hệ bạch huyết) hoặc ở tuổi thiếu niên (suy nguyên phát chậm). Phù bạch huyết thứ phát phổ biến hơn và thường là kết quả của phẫu thuật loại bỏ các hạch bạch huyết (ví dụ: phẫu thuật ung thư vú và xóa hạch bạch huyết ở nách) hoặc xạ trị đối với các hạch bạch huyết (ví dụ: bức xạ vào các hạch bạch huyết ở háng hoặc vùng chậu). Đôi khi nhiễm trùng da tái phát (viêm mô tế bào) cũng có thể làm hỏng hệ thống dẫn lưu bạch huyết của các chi. CHẨN ĐOÁN Chẩn đoán yêu cầu: Có tiền sử về sưng phù chân tay lâu dài. Loại trừ các nguyên nhân khác gây sưng chi như bệnh tĩnh mạch liên quan, nhiễm trùng và chấn bị thương ở cơ và mô mềm. Phương pháp xạ trị bạch huyết (quét chuyên biệt) có thể được thực hiện để xác định phù bạch huyết nguyên phát và thứ phát cũng như mức độ của bệnh. CÁC CÁCH ĐIỀU TRỊ CỦA CHÚNG TÔI Mục đích chính của việc điều trị là giảm sưng chi và phục hồi chức năng. Xoa bóp dẫn lưu bạch huyết cũng như băng ép giúp giảm sưng đáng kể, nhưng cả hai đều phải được thực hiện thường xuyên (thường là ba lần một tuần). Các liệu pháp mới hơn bao gồm phẫu thuật để kết nối các kênh dẫn lưu bạch huyết bị tắc với các tĩnh mạch nhỏ (bắc cầu bạch huyết) hoặc cấy ghép hạch bạch huyết đến chi bị ảnh hưởng. References: MV, T. P. (n. d. ). What is lymphoedema? Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. totalphysiomv. com/massage/what-is-lymphoedema/ Related Articles A Comprehensive Approach to Lymphoedema Treatment: A Vascular Surgeon's PerspectiveSwelling Leg Treatment in SingaporeSwollen Leg: Why do I have it and What can I do? --- - Service Category: Default Là triệu chứng đau do giãn tĩnh mạch bìu tinh hoàn. Là bệnh lý ảnh hưởng đến nam giới và gây ra bởi tĩnh mạch bên trong túi bìu bị suy giãn. Giãn tĩnh mạch phát triển theo thời gian làm cho van tĩnh mạch trở nên suy yếu và không đóng đúng lúc gây nên co thắt và phù nề. TỔNG QUÁT Đôi khi bạn cảm thấy đau tinh hoàn từ nhẹ đến trung bình, hoặc thậm chí dữ dội và kéo dài? Bạn có thể bị giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh. Giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh (VAR-ih-koe-seel) đề cập đến sự rối của các tĩnh mạch bị giãn trong bìu. Tinh hoàn cần lưu lượng máu từ động mạch và tĩnh mạch để thực hiện các chức năng quan trọng. Cũng giống như suy giãn tĩnh mạch chân, khi các van trong tĩnh mạch tinh hoàn bị hỏng, máu sẽ chảy ngược thành vũng, ứ đọng và gây ra tình trạng sung huyết, sưng tấy và gây đau đớn. Bệnh nhân mắc chứng giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh có thể bị đau buốt xuyên thấu đến đau nhói âm ỉ ở tinh hoàn, bìu hoặc bẹn, kéo dài đến vùng bụng của họ. Những người mắc bệnh giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh cũng gặp phải tình trạng bìu nặng hơn khi tập thể dục hoặc sau khi đứng lâu. Bệnh giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh rất phổ biến, cứ 5 nam giới thì có 1 người bị . Chúng thường xảy ra ở bên trái của bìu do vị trí của tĩnh mạch tinh hoàn trái, mặc dù trong một số trường hợp, nó ảnh hưởng đến bên phải hoặc thậm chí cả hai. Một số bệnh nhân có thể không gặp bất kỳ triệu chứng đau nào. Tuy nhiên, giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh là nguyên nhân chính của việc sản xuất ít tinh trùng và giảm chất lượng tinh trùng, cuối cùng dẫn đến vô sinh ở 40% nam giới gặp vấn đề về sinh con đầu lòng. Chúng có thể ức chế sự phát triển thường xuyên của tinh hoàn và thay vào đó khiến chúng co lại. TRIỆU CHỨNG Nếu bạn bị giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh, bạn có thể gặp các triệu chứng sau: Đau nhói (nhói đến âm ỉ) ở bìu và tinh hoàn Đau hơn khi đứng hoặc gắng sức, đặc biệt là trong thời gian dài Giảm đau khi nằm Một khối u / sưng ở một trong những tinh hoàn của bạn Có thể nhìn thấy các tĩnh mạch căng hoặc xoắn trong bìu (“túi giun”) Teo tinh hoàn Một số bệnh giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh không cần điều trị thêm. Tuy nhiên, nếu bạn bị giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh, rất đau, sưng tấy ở bìu, gây teo tinh hoàn (tinh hoàn bị teo lại) hoặc bạn đang xem xét các kỹ thuật hỗ trợ sinh sản, bạn có thể cân nhắc điều trị giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh. Giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh có thể giữ nhiệt độ của tinh hoàn quá cao, ảnh hưởng đến sự hình thành, khả năng vận động và chức năng tổng thể của tinh trùng. Bạn nên bắt đầu điều trị tình trạng này càng sớm càng tốt, thì cơ hội cải thiện sản xuất và chất lượng tinh trùng của bạn càng cao. NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Bệnh giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh có thể xảy ra với nam giới ở mọi lứa tuổi và một số chuyên gia tin rằng sự hiện diện của bệnh giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh có thể xảy ra từ khi sinh ra. Giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh thường hình thành và được phát hiện ở tuổi dậy thì, khi lưu lượng máu đến bộ phận sinh dục tăng lên, và trong những trường hợp này, chúng có thể ngăn cản sự phát triển và tăng trưởng của tinh hoàn. CHẨN ĐOÁN May mắn thay, nếu bạn tình cờ bị giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh, bạn không cần phải lo lắng. Hầu hết chúng đều tương đối dễ chẩn đoán và nhiều người không cần điều trị nếu chúng không có các triệu chứng rõ ràng và gây tắc nghẽn. Giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh thường được phát hiện thông qua việc tự kiểm tra bìu hoặc khi khám bác sĩ định kỳ. Chúng có thể được chẩn đoán là "túi giun" do hình dáng bên ngoài và cảm nhận được thừng tinh và kích thước tinh hoàn. Nếu ban đầu cảm thấy có vấn đề trong quá trình khám sức khỏe, bác sĩ cũng có thể thực hiện kiểm tra siêu âm bìu, trong đó sóng siêu âm được sử dụng để phát hiện ra bất kỳ tĩnh mạch nào có thể rộng hơn 3 mm có thể là một phần của chứng giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh. PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Cắt bỏ tĩnh mạch thừng tinh là một cuộc phẫu thuật trong ngày được thực hiện tại bệnh viện. Có một số cách để thực hiện phẫu thuật cắt bỏ giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh, và tất cả chúng đều liên quan đến việc chặn dòng máu trong các tĩnh mạch của thừng tinh và sẽ được thực hiện dưới hình thức gây mê toàn thân. Phẫu thuật cắt giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh bao gồm việc bác sĩ tiết niệu luồn (kẹp hoặc buộc) tất cả các tĩnh mạch nhỏ qua một đường rạch 1cm phía trên bìu, mất 2-3 giờ để hoàn thành. Máu sau đó có thể lưu thông, tránh các tĩnh mạch bất thường này. Phẫu thuật cắt giãn tĩnh mạch nội soi bao gồm việc bác sĩ tiết niệu đưa các ống mỏng vào ổ bụng để thắt các tĩnh mạch, chỉ mất 30 - 40 phút để hoàn thành. Đối với cả hai loại phẫu thuật cắt giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh, thời gian lành thương (khoảng 1 tuần) và mức độ đau là như nhau, và các thủ thuật nói chung là an toàn, rất hiếm khi xảy ra các biến chứng sau phẫu thuật. Các biến chứng mặc dù hiếm gặp, bao gồm: Các giãn tĩnh mạch còn sót lại (tồn tại) hoặc quay trở lại (định kỳ) Chất lỏng hình thành xung quanh tinh hoàn (hydrocele) Tổn thương động mạch tinh hoàn Ngoài ra, phương pháp điều trị xâm lấn tối thiểu có thể được thực hiện, được gọi là phương pháp thuyên tắc mạch qua da, được thực hiện thông qua một vết rạch ở háng hoặc tĩnh mạch. Trong quy trình này, một ống thông được đưa vào để sử dụng soi tia X để xem nguồn gốc của vấn đề và xác định vị trí của tất cả các tĩnh mạch dẫn đến giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh. Trong quá trình thuyên tắc, các cuộn dây kim loại và chất gây tắc mạch được tiêm vào các mạch máu bất thường cung cấp cho tĩnh mạch để chặn dòng máu. Điều này được thực hiện dưới dạng gây tê cục bộ hoặc với thuốc an thần nhẹ, với thủ tục kéo dài bất cứ nơi nào từ 45 phút đến một giờ. Sau khi thuyên tắc mạch qua da, bạn sẽ có thể xuất viện ngay trong ngày phẫu thuật và trở lại các hoạt động hàng ngày bình thường trong vòng một tuần. Ngoài ra, phẫu thuật ít gây đau, hiệu quả và an toàn. Tỷ lệ tái phát với thuyên tắc không khác gì so với phẫu thuật, nhưng có những trường hợp thuyên tắc được ưu tiên hơn phẫu thuật. Nếu bạn đang hy vọng cải thiện khả năng sinh sản của mình, điều trị giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh chắc chắn nên được đưa vào các lựa chọn điều trị khả năng sinh sản của bạn. Để tìm hiểu thêm, hãy yêu cầu tư vấn từ một trong các bác sĩ của chúng tôi để giúp bạn chẩn đoán giãn tĩnh mạch thừng tinh, hiểu các lựa chọn của bạn và chọn giải pháp tốt nhất hiện có cho bạn. Click here to download our Varicocele brochure References Varicocele: Testicle pain, symptoms, treatments, male infertility. Cleveland Clinic. (n. d. ). Retrieved February 10, 2022, from https://my. clevelandclinic. org/health/diseases/15239-varicocele Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default Chứng rối loạn cương cứng thường xảy ra khi người đàn ông không thể cương cứng được nguyên nhân do mạch máu cung cấp không đủ nên ảnh hưởng hơn 80% tới khả năng cương cứng TỔNG QUÁT Đối với một người đàn ông để giữ được sự cương cứng trong khi quan hệ tình dục, máu cần phải cung cấp tới dương vật cho đến khi người đàn ông xuất tinh. Tắc tĩnh mạch, sự co thắt của các tĩnh mạch là ứ đọng máu huyết cung cấp cho dương vật. Một khi người đàn ông lên đỉnh, các tĩnh mạch sẽ giãn ra và máu chảy ngược trở lại cơ thể. Nếu các tĩnh mạch co thắt đủ mạnh, máu sẽ bị rò rỉ trở lại cơ thể, làm mất khả năng cương cứng. Nhiều nam giới mắc chứng rối loạn cương dương này nhận thấy rằng ban đầu họ có thể cương cứng được, nhưng không thể duy trì được độ cứng. Rối loạn cương dương là tình trạng không có khả năng đạt được và duy trì sự cương cứng đủ để giao hợp, ảnh hưởng đến 43,5% nam giới ở độ tuổi 60 . Nguyên nhân chính của rối loạn cương dương là do rò rỉ tĩnh mạch, xuất hiện trên 80% trường hợp ở Singapore. TRIỆU CHỨNG Không có khả năng duy trì sự cương cứng để giao hợp. NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Huyết áp cao Cholesterol cao Bệnh tiểu đường Bệnh mạch máu ngoại vi Căng thẳng quá mức Béo phì Tiền sử gia đình bị xơ vữa động mạch Hút thuốc Sự lo lắng CHẨN ĐOÁN Siêu âm Doppler - Để kiểm tra lưu lượng máu vào và ra khỏi dương vật. Cavernosography - Để hình dung sự rò rỉ tĩnh mạch bằng cách sử dụng chất cản quang chụp X quang. PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Thuyên tắc nội mạch (ngược dòng) Thuyên tắc đám rối tĩnh mạch chu vi thông qua việc đưa một ống thông mỏng vào tĩnh mạch lưng sâu hoặc tĩnh mạch đùi. Nội soi huỳnh quang tia X được sử dụng để hướng ống thông về phía tĩnh mạch bị ảnh hưởng và luồn các cuộn dây titan nhỏ và tiêm chất gây tắc mạch để bít kín (các) tĩnh mạch bị ảnh hưởng vĩnh viễn. Những gì bạn có thể mong đợi Thủ thuật này được thực hiện dưới dạng an thần nhẹ và bệnh nhân thường được xuất viện ngay trong ngày từ trung tâm của chúng tôi. Hạn chế đau. Không có sẹo mổ. Nhanh chóng trở lại các hoạt động hàng ngày. Ai sẽ đủ điều kiện cho thủ tục này? Bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán rò rỉ tĩnh mạch. Những bệnh nhân muốn tránh phẫu thuật xâm lấn. https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=JDXkxY5Zf04 Click here to download our Venous Leak and Erectile Dysfunction brochure References: Singapore Med J 2003 Vol 44(1) : 020-026 Erectile Dysfunction in Singapore: Prevalence and Its Associated Factors – A Population-Based Study J K Tan, C Y Hong, D J C Png, L C H Liew, M L Wong Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default Tuyến tiền liệt phình đại lành tính (BPH) là hiện tượng tuyến tiền liệt phình đại chèn ép vào đường niệu đạo ảnh hưởng tới dòng tiểu tiện TỔNG QUÁT Phình đại tiền liệt tuyến (BPH) là một tình trạng không phải ung thư ảnh hưởng đến nam giới do tuyến tiền liệt bị phình đại. Tuyến tiền liệt phì đại sẽ chèn ép lên kênh dẫn nước tiểu từ bàng quang ra ngoài - niệu đạo, và do đó, ảnh hưởng đến dòng chảy và đường đi của nước tiểu. TRIỆU CHỨNG Bệnh nhân mắc BPH có thể có các triệu chứng ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến cuộc sống của họ. Một số triệu chứng này bao gồm: Thường xuyên hoặc cần đi tiểu khẩn cấp, đặc biệt là vào ban đêm (tiểu đêm) Khó khăn khi bắt đầu đi tiểu Dòng nước tiểu yếu hoặc dòng nước tiểu không đều Nước tiểu có bọt Nhiễm trùng đường tiết niệu Không có khả năng đi tiểu / làm trống bàng quang Có máu trong nước tiểu NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Cao tuổi Tiền sử gia đình có vấn đề về tuyến tiền liệt BMI cao hơn / mức độ hoạt động thể chất thấp PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Thuyên tắc động mạch tuyến tiền liệt (PAE) PAE là một thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu để điều trị tuyến tiền liệt phì đại và rắc rối bằng cách chặn các động mạch nuôi tuyến và làm cho nó thu nhỏ lại. PAE được thực hiện lần đầu tiên vào năm 2009, từ đó đến nay, rất nhiều nam giới trên thế giới đã được điều trị thành công bằng phương pháp này. Trong PAE, một vết rạch được thực hiện trong động mạch bẹn dưới dạng gây tê cục bộ, một ống dẫn và ống thông được đưa qua hướng dẫn của tia X đến các động mạch cung cấp cho tuyến tiền liệt. Sau đó, các hạt / hạt vi cầu cực nhỏ sẽ được tiêm vào các động mạch nhỏ cung cấp cho tuyến tiền liệt để ngăn chặn nguồn cung cấp máu cho tuyến tiền liệt. Kết quả là, tuyến tiền liệt co lại và niệu đạo ít bị nén hơn. PAE có thể được thực hiện như một thủ thuật phẫu thuật trong ngày. Bệnh nhân được gây tê cục bộ và an thần nhẹ. Hầu hết bệnh nhân cảm thấy ít đau đớn và khó chịu sau thủ thuật, hồi phục trong vòng 4–6 giờ sau thủ thuật và có thể xuất viện về nhà trong ngày. PAE không có bất kỳ nguy cơ nào gây nên chứng tiểu không tự chủ hoặc bất lực. Các nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra rằng sau khi PAE được thực hiện, phần lớn bệnh nhân cho biết các triệu chứng phình đại tiền liệt tuyến được cải thiện. Nhiều nam giới cũng có thể ngừng dùng thuốc uống trong thời gian dài. Điều này làm cho PAE rất tiết kiệm chi phí cho những bệnh nhân như vậy. Những bệnh nhân đặc biệt thích hợp với PAE: Bệnh nhân dùng thuốc uống nhưng vẫn không có hiệu quả Bệnh nhân đã trải qua các thủ thuật khác (xem ở trên) nhưng không thấy cải thiện các triệu chứng của họ Bệnh nhân cao tuổi với các triệu chứng nghiêm trọng và những người được coi là có nguy cơ đáng kể đối với gây mê toàn thân và phẫu thuật Bệnh nhân không thích hợp với TURP do nguy cơ chảy máu Những bệnh nhân không muốn ảnh hưởng đường tiết niệu và khả năng tình dục Click here to download our Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Brochure References: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). (2022, January 04). Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. mayoclinic. org/tests-procedures/turp/about/pac-20384880 Related Articles --- - Service Category: Default Điều trị u xơ tử cung bằng phương pháp ít xâm lấn và an toàn không ảnh hưởng tới tử cung. TỔNG QUÁT U xơ tử cung là khối u phổ biến, không phải ung thư ở tử cung. Ước tính đến 35 tuổi có tới 40 - 50% phụ nữ mắc u xơ tử cung. Có bốn loại u xơ tử cung cơ bản, được phân loại theo vị trí của chúng trong tử cung: U xơ bên ngoài tử cung: Những u này phát triển ở phần bên ngoài của tử cung và tiếp tục phát triển ra bên ngoài U xơ trong màng cứng: Đây là loại phổ biến nhất và phát triển trong thành tử cung và mở rộng. U xơ dưới niêm mạc: Đây là loại u ít phổ biến nhất và phát triển trong khoang tử cung, gây ra hiện tượng kinh nguyệt ra nhiều và kéo dài. U xơ dạng cuống: Loại này mọc trên thân tử cung hoặc cuống tử cung. U xơ dạng cuống bám vào thành tử cung và có thể mọc bên ngoài tử cung hoặc bên trong khoang tử cung. Diagram showing the various Uterine Fibroids TRIỆU CHỨNG Ở một số phụ nữ, u xơ tử cung có thể tạo ra các triệu chứng nhẹ hoặc không có triệu chứng nào. Đối với một số người, các triệu chứng của u xơ tử cung bao gồm: Chu kỳ kinh nguyệt bất thường (nhiều hoặc thường xuyên) Kinh nguyệt đau đớn Đau trong hoặc sau khi quan hệ tình dục Chèn ép lên bàng quang gây đi tiểu thường xuyên Đau vùng xương chậu cấp tính hoặc dữ dội Phình to bụng NGUYÊN NHÂN / YẾU TỐ RỦI RO Tuổi cao Di truyền Bắt đầu hành kinh khi tuổi còn nhỏ Béo phì Thiếu vitamin D Uống quá nhiều rượu Hút thuốc Không có tiền sử mang thai CHẨN ĐOÁN Siêu âm của tử cung Chụp CT được chỉ định đặc biệt nếu có nhiều u xơ tử cung. CÁC PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Thuyên tắc xơ tử cung (UFE) UFE được thực hiện thông qua một lỗ tiếp cận động mạch háng hoặc xuyên tâm Sau đó, một ống thông được dẫn vào bằng cách sử dụng phương pháp soi huỳnh quang, một loại công nghệ tia X, đến các động mạch cung cấp đặc biệt cho tử cung và các khối u xơ. Các hạt nhỏ hoặc vi cầu sau đó được tiêm vào các động mạch cung cấp cho khối u xơ tử cung, do đó cắt nguồn cung cấp máu cho khối u xơ. Sau thủ thuật, những khối u xơ này sẽ bắt đầu nhỏ lại và giảm kích thước https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=eVF20SS4KZA Bạn phù hợp với phương pháp điều trị UFE nếu bạn: Là phụ nữ trên 35 tuổi Hiện không mang thai Đã được chẩn đoán bị u xơ tử cung Đang gặp các triệu chứng như chảy máu nhiều nhiều, chuột rút, đau vùng xương chậu, chướng bụng hoặc đi tiểu thường xuyên Bạn cũng sẽ phù hợp với phương pháp điều trị này nếu bạn thích lựa chọn điều trị u xơ tử cung không phẫu thuật sẽ bảo tồn tử cung của bạn. Đảm bảo tư vấn chi tiết về các phương pháp điều trị với bác sĩ của bạn trước khi đưa ra quyết định. Một số lợi ích của UFE bao gồm: Một thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu giúp thu nhỏ u xơ tử cung một cách hiệu quả Chỉ yêu cầu gây mê cục bộ (thay vì toàn thân); chỉ làm tê một vùng trên cơ thể chứ không phải dùng thuốc an thần hoàn toàn Không gây sẹo như hầu hết các kỹ thuật phẫu thuật khác Mặc dù sẽ có một số cơn đau vừa phải sau thủ thuật UFE, nhưng nó thường ít hơn cơn đau sau phẫu thuật Một lựa chọn tốt nếu bạn muốn bảo tồn tử cung của mình so với cắt bỏ tử cung 85-90% phụ nữ giảm đáng kể các triệu chứng của họ Thời gian phục hồi nhanh hơn so với phẫu thuật truyền thống Thủ thuật thực hiện trong ngày thường không phải ở lại qua đêm Giảm nguy cơ nhiễm trùng so với phẫu thuật mở thông thường Click here to download our Uterine Fibroids brochure References: Uterine fibroids. (2021, September 16). Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases-conditions/uterine-fibroids/symptoms-causes/syc-20354288 Related Articles Uterine Fibroid Embolisation: Taking Control of Uterine Fibroids in SingaporeGuide to Uterine Fibroids in SingaporeCan Uterine Fibroids affect Fertility? Do I have Uterine Fibroids? All you need to know about Uterine Fibroids --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: pelvic congestion syndrome, pelvic congestion syndrome specialist near me Đau co thắt vùng bụng dưới là chứng bệnh mạn tính nếu không được điều trị. Nguyên nhân do mạch máu phần bụng dưới hay phần phụ bị suy giãn OVERVIEW Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a chronic condition that affects women and is caused by varicose veins in the lower abdomen or pelvis. Valves in the veins become weakened and do not close properly. As a result, blood begins to flow backwards and pools in the pelvic veins and also the connecting veins to the legs. pelvic congestion syndrome specialist near me SYMPTOMS An aching pain with heaviness in the pelvis that may extend to the lower back. Pain during intercourse Heavy menstrual bleeding Heaviness and swelling in their legs, especially on standing for long periods. Recurrent varicose veins CAUSES/RISK FACTORS This condition typically affects women 20-50 years old who have had previous pregnancies. Primary PCS Believed to be idiopathic in nature But women who have delivered 2 or more children are at increased risk Proposed aetiology – recurrent dilatation of pelvic adnexial veins/ ovarian veins to accommodate increase in blood volume during pregnancy Secondary PCS Due to associated Renal Nutcracker Syndrome Compression of left renal vein by overlying SMA, resulting in elevated pressure and hence incompetence and backflow (reflux) down the left ovarian vein into pelvic adnexial veins Due to associated Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome (May-Thurner Syndrome) Compression of the (left) common iliac vein by the overlying right iliac artery resulting in reflux back down the internal iliac veins into pelvic veins DIAGNOSIS CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis Pelvic venogram – a procedure that is performed by inserting a catheter through the groin vein and injecting a contrast agent (a type of dye) into the veins of the pelvic organs. OUR TREATMENT Ovarian Vein Embolisation Involves inserting a thin catheter into the femoral vein in your groin. The catheter is guided to the affected vein with the assistance of fluoroscopy, a type of x-ray technology. Tiny titanium coils with a sclerosing agent (also used for varicose veins) are inserted through the catheter to close off the affected vein(s). In most cases this is done as a day surgery procedure, allowing patients to be discharged on the same day of the procedure. https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=7XlcxfxqB0Q Click here to download our Pelvic Congestion Syndrome brochure Related Articles Understanding Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Causes & TreatmentTackling Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: A Comprehensive Guide for Singaporeans --- - Service Category: Default - Tags: best pain management doctor in singapore, pain management singapore Điều trị giảm đau bằng phương pháp can thiệp nội mạch là phương pháp điều trị an toàn và xâm lấn tối thiểu. Với phương pháp này người bệnh có thể giảm đau hiệu quả và an toàn TỔNG QUÁT Điều trị giảm đau bao gồm các kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu được thiết kế đặc biệt để điều trị triệt để hoặc giảm đau. Các kỹ thuật sử dụng phương pháp tiếp cận đa mô thức để giúp bệnh nhân kiểm soát cơn đau của họ và cuối cùng là cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống tổng thể của bệnh nhân. Các bệnh phổ biến mà các kỹ thuật quản lý cơn đau can thiệp có thể được sử dụng: Đau đầu gối (viêm xương khớp) Đau lưng dưới (hẹp ống sống, trượt đĩa đệm, gãy đốt sống) Đau vai (viêm xương khớp, viêm bao quy đầu dính, chấn thương cổ tay quay) Đau cổ Nhức đầu CÁC TRIỆU CHỨNG ĐAU THƯỜNG GẶP Đau khớp Độ cứng Sưng tấy Dịu dàng Cảm giác khô cứng khi cử động khớp NGUYÊN NHÂN THƯỜNG GẶP / CÁC YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ Tuổi tác Béo phì Viêm Lịch sử bệnh án gia đình Bệnh nền Chấn thương thể thao PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ Điều trị giảm đau bao gồm phẫu thuật trong ngày và các thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu kết hợp vật lý trị liệu y tế. Y tế: Chẩn đoán hình ảnh như X-quang (soi huỳnh quang), siêu âm hoặc CT cho phép bác sĩ tìm hiểu được nguyên nhân gây ra cơn đau Khám lâm sàng: Các chuyên gia của chúng tôi làm việc với các nhân viên y tế và các nhân viên vật lý trị liệu tiếp tục hỗ trợ bệnh nhân kiểm soát cơn đau của họ trước và sau phẫu thuật. Tóm tắt các phương pháp điều trị được áp dụng: Bệnh Thủ tục Đau đầu gối (viêm xương khớp) Thuyên tắc động mạch chi Đốt dây thần kinh đầu gối bằng sóng cao tần Tiêm khớp gối Đau lưng (hẹp xương sống, trượt đĩa đệm, gãy đốt sống) Tác động tới dây thần kinh bằng kỹ thuật không xâm lấn – tiêm Đốt bằng sóng cao tần Xử lý thuyên tắc bằng hóa chất Điều trị giảm áp đĩa đệm Đau vai (viêm xương khớp, viêm bao quy đầu dính, chấn thương cổ tay quay) Thuyên tắc động mạch Đốt dây thần kinh bằng sóng cao tần Nhức đầu và đau dai dẳng ở mặt và cổ Tiêm thuốc tác động tới dây thần kinh bằng kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu ĐAU ĐẦU GỐI TỔNG QUÁT Thoái hóa khớp gối là tình trạng thoái hóa kéo dài đặc trưng bởi sự thoái hóa dần dần của sụn khớp, giảm tiết dịch khớp gối và gây viêm nhiễm. ĐIỀU TRỊ Phương pháp điều trị thoái hóa khớp theo phương pháp truyền thống bao gồm dùng thuốc, vật lý trị liệu, tiêm thuốc vào khớp và cuối cùng là phẫu thuật thay khớp gối. Điều trị giảm đau đối với đau đầu gối bằng các kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu được thực hiện dưới trợ giúp của máy siêu âm. Chúng được thực hiện như một cuộc phẫu thuật trong ngày dưới tác dụng an thần nhẹ và người bệnh trở lại bình thường vào ngày hôm sau. Phương pháp này rất hiệu quả đối với bệnh nhân dùng thuốc và vật lý trị liệu mà không hiệu quả và vẫn còn một chặng đường dài trước khi xem xét phẫu thuật thay thế đầu gối. Các phương pháp điều trị xâm lấn tối thiểu mà chúng tôi thực hiện bao gồm: Thuyên tắc dây thần kinh gối: Phương pháp này áp dụng sóng tần số vô tuyến vào các dây thần kinh bị ảnh hưởng có chọn lọc ở đầu gối. Thuyên tắc động mạch chi: Thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu này sử dụng một ống thông để tiêm các hạt hình cầu để tạo ra sự tắc nghẽn dòng chảy của máu đến một số bộ phận của đầu gối gây đau. Tiêm dung dịch Protein tự thân (APS) vào khớp đầu gối: Dung dịch APS có nguồn gốc từ máu của bệnh nhân. Nó chứa nồng độ cao của các protein chống viêm và đồng hóa được tiêm trực tiếp vào vùng bị ảnh hưởng để làm giảm các triệu chứng. Bấm vào đây để tải tập tài liệu về Bệnh thoái hóa khớp gối của chúng tôi ĐAU LƯNG TỔNG QUÁT Đau lưng là nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây ra tàn tật khiến nhiều người không thể tham gia vào các hoạt động hàng ngày trên toàn thế giới. Các tình trạng phổ biến liên quan đến đau lưng bao gồm: Hẹp xương sống - là sự thu hẹp không gian xung quanh tủy sống dẫn đến sự chèn ép lên một phần của mô thần kinh. Trượt đĩa đệm - là tình trạng đĩa đệm cột sống bị lệch (đệm) và nó đè lên các dây thần kinh. Gãy xương sống - là tình trạng gãy một trong những xương trong cột sống của bạn ĐIỀU TRỊ Các phương pháp điều trị mà chúng tôi cung cấp bao gồm: Không phẫu thuật bằng cách tiêm thuốc bên ngoài tủy sống hoặc tại vị trí đau: Tiêm ngoài màng cứng Các mũi tiêm khớp Chích rễ thần kinh Hệ thần kinh ngoại biên Hệ thần kinh giao cảm Cắt bỏ bằng tần số vô tuyến: Phương pháp này áp dụng sóng tần số vô tuyến vào các dây thần kinh bị ảnh hưởng có chọn lọc ở cột sống. Cắt đốt bằng hóa chất (Liệu pháp điều trị xơ hóa có hướng dẫn bằng sóng siêu âm): Phương pháp này bao gồm việc tiêm thuốc không gây đau không xâm lấn vào các mạch máu hoặc mạch bạch huyết làm chúng co lại. Cắt bỏ một phần đĩa đệm qua da: Đây là một thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu để loại bỏ một phần đĩa đệm thoát vị chèn ép vào rễ thần kinh hoặc tủy sống. ĐAU VAI TỔNG QUÁT Đau vai là một vấn đề phổ biến ảnh hưởng đến lối sống và chất lượng cuộc sống của chúng ta. Cùng với các vấn đề về lối sống, nó có thể gây ra những cơn đau dữ dội và khó chịu có thể ảnh hưởng xấu đến chất lượng cuộc sống. Các tình trạng khác gây ra đau vai bao gồm: Thoái hóa khớp vai – sụn khớp bị mài mòn dẫn đến quá trình tái tạo xương, làm mất tính hình cầu và độ cứng của nó. Bao khớp cũng dày lên, dẫn đến mất khả năng xoay vai. Vai đông cứng (Viêm bao hoạt dịch dính) – Vai đông cứng xảy ra khi các mô liên kết mạnh bao quanh khớp vai trở nên dày, cứng và bị viêm. Hội chứng Rotator cuff - Tổn thương nhóm cơ và gân bao quanh khớp vai. Phương pháp điều trị đau vai truyền thống bao gồm dùng thuốc, vật lý trị liệu, tiêm thuốc vào khớp và cuối cùng là phẫu thuật. ĐIỀU TRỊ Điều trị giảm đau đối với đau vai liên quan đến các kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu được thực hiện dưới sự hướng dẫn của thiết bị chẩn đoán hình ảnh. Được thực hiện như thủ thuật phẫu thuật trong ngày dưới tác dụng an thần nhẹ và bệnh nhân sẽ hoạt động trở lại trong vòng một vài ngày. Điều này đặc biệt hữu ích cho những bệnh nhân nhận thấy tình trạng của họ không được cải thiện khi dùng thuốc và vật lý trị liệu và / hoặc vẫn còn một chặng đường dài trước khi xem xét phẫu thuật mở. Các lựa chọn điều trị xâm lấn tối thiểu mà chúng tôi thực hiện bao gồm: Thuyên tắc dây thần kinh trên vai: được thực hiện dưới sự hướng dẫn của siêu âm và soi huỳnh quang. Nó liên quan đến việc áp dụng có chọn lọc sóng tần số vô tuyến vào các dây thần kinh xung quanh vai để giảm đau ở đó một cách hiệu quả. Thuyên tắc động mạch vai: thủ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu này sử dụng một ống thông để tiêm các hạt hình cầu để tạo ra sự tắc nghẽn dòng chảy của máu đến một số bộ phận của vai gây đau. Tiêm steroid / Dung dịch Protein tự thân (APS) vào khớp vai: sử dụng steroid hoặc APS (một dung dịch tế bào giàu chất chống viêm từ máu của chính bệnh nhân) sẽ được tiêm dưới sự hướng dẫn của siêu âm. ĐAU ĐẦU, ĐAU MẶT VÀ ĐAU CỔ TỔNG QUÁT Đau đầu là một vấn đề sức khỏe phổ biến – hầu hết mọi người đều gặp phải chúng tại một số thời điểm. Đau đầu thường xuyên hoặc nghiêm trọng có thể ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng cuộc sống của một người. Đau mặt vô căn dai dẳng với cơn đau dữ dội, cảm giác bị nghiền nát hoặc cảm giác nóng bỏng dọc theo khu vực của dây thần kinh sinh ba. Thường là một cơn đau đơn phương liên tục, kéo dài trong thời gian dài mà không có dấu hiệu hoặc triệu chứng tự chủ. Nó được mô tả là một cơn đau đầu dai dẳng và đau cổ ảnh hưởng đến mặt cho đến vai. Đau cổ là một vấn đề phổ biến có thể chỉ liên quan đến cổ và vai hoặc nó có thể lan xuống cánh tay. Cơn đau có thể gây ra yếu cơ, cảm giác tê hoặc cảm giác như bị điện giật vào cánh tay của bạn. ĐIỀU TRỊ Các phương pháp điều trị mà chúng tôi thực hiện bao gồm: Phương pháp không phẫu thuật bằng cách tiêm thuốc bên ngoài tủy sống hoặc vị trí đau: Tiêm ngoài màng cứng Các mũi tiêm khớp Chích rễ thần kinh Hệ thần kinh ngoại biên Hệ thần kinh giao cảm Related Articles --- --- ## Doctor Chen Min Qi 医生 资格 MBBS（新加坡） MMed（普通外科） MRCSed FRCSed（普通外科） 专业 血管与血管内手术 会员资格 新加坡血管与血管内外科医师协会 (SVESS) 新加坡医学会 介绍 陈敏奇医生是一位经过专科培训的血管和血管内外科医生，拥有丰富的手术经验。陈医生于 2005 年毕业于新加坡国立大学，获得 MBBS（医学学士和外科学士学位）资格。随后，他在 TTSH、NUH 和 SGH 完成了普通和血管外科的基础和高级培训。在此期间，他于2010年成功获得爱丁堡皇家外科医学院会员（MRCSed）资格，并于2015年获得新加坡国立大学研究生医学研究部（DGMS）医学硕士（普通外科）资格。陈博士随后在次年的院士考试中取得成功，并于 2016 年获得爱丁堡皇家外科学院院士 (FRCSed) 资格。 完成高级外科培训后，陈敏奇医生加入新开业的黄廷方综合医院 (NTFGH)，担任血管外科专家，在帮助为患者群体建立成功的血管服务方面发挥了不可或缺的作用在新加坡西部地区。在NTFGH任职期间，陈医生还担任了各种临床支持职务，例如OT委员会成员和初级人力组织领导，负责监督科室初级医生的分配及其值班时间表。 完成高级外科培训后，陈敏奇医生加入新开业的黄廷方综合医院 (NTFGH)，担任血管外科专家，在帮助为患者群体建立成功的血管服务方面发挥了不可或缺的作用在新加坡西部地区。在NTFGH任职期间，陈医生还担任了各种临床支持职务，例如OT委员会成员和初级人力组织领导，负责监督科室初级医生的分配及其值班时间表。 2020 年回国后，陈敏奇医生加入新成立的 Woodlands Health，担任血管服务主管，积极参与血管外科部门的招聘、规划和设置，并担任血管部门执行委员会主席手术器械采购团队。陈博士还是多学科糖尿病足工作组的执行委员会成员，该工作组与内分泌科医生、骨科医生和足病医生密切合作，以确保为糖尿病足病患者提供全面护理。 在公立医院工作期间，陈敏奇医生还积极参与下一代医生的培训，并多年来担任国立大学医学部国家研究生一年级（PGY1）项目的核心教师。陈医生还被杨潞龄医学院 (NUS) 和李光前医学院 (NTU) 任命为临床导师，定期为本科医学生提供有关普通外科和血管外科条件的辅导。他还多次担任新加坡国立大学MBBS本科期末考试的考官 陈博士还致力于为医学研究的进一步发展做出贡献，并在血管外科方面发表了相关出版物，并在当地和区域会议上进行了各种口头和海报演讲。他是《国际伤口杂志》的审稿人，并联合主持了 2022 年 Woodlands Health INSPIRE 大会“糖尿病足病的整体管理”。陈敏奇医生是新加坡血管和血管内外科医师协会 (SVESS) 的会员，每年定期参加本地和国际血管会议，以了解该领域的最新动态。 陈医生于 2023 年 1 月加入血管和介入中心，目前全职工作。陈敏奇医生对血管和血管内手术有着浓厚的兴趣，并拥有以下专业知识： 主动脉手术（包括动脉瘤和夹层的开放式和血管内修复术） 颈动脉手术 透析通路手术（包括动静脉瘘和移植物创建，以及血管内瘘挽救手术） 保肢手术（包括血管内血管成形术和支架置入术以及开放式搭桥手术） 静脉曲张手术（包括微创射频消融和 VenaSealTM 静脉闭合手术） 迄今为止，他已实施了 2000 多次此类手术。 Contact Us 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send Message --- Dr Chen Min Qi Giới thiệu Bác sĩ Chen Min Qi là Bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu và nội mạch được đào tạo với kinh nghiệm phẫu thuật toàn diện. Bác sĩ Chen tốt nghiệp Đại học Quốc gia Singapore với bằng MBBS (Cử nhân Y khoa và Cử nhân Phẫu thuật) năm 2005. Sau đó, ông đã hoàn thành khóa đào tạo cơ bản và nâng cao về Phẫu thuật Tổng quát và Mạch máu tại TTSH, NUH và SGH. Trong thời gian này, ông đã đạt được thành công bằng cấp Thành viên của Đại học Phẫu thuật Hoàng gia Edinburgh (MRCSed) năm 2010 và bằng Thạc sĩ Y khoa (Phẫu thuật Tổng quát) năm 2015 từ Khoa Nghiên cứu Y khoa Sau đại học (DGMS), NUS. Bác sĩ Chen sau đó đã thành công trong kỳ thi nghiên cứu sinh vào năm sau và được trao bằng Thành viên của Trường Đại học Phẫu thuật Hoàng gia Edinburgh (FRCSed) vào năm 2016. Sau khi hoàn thành khóa đào tạo phẫu thuật nâng cao, bác sĩ Chen Min Qi gia nhập Bệnh viện Đa khoa Ng Teng Fong (NTFGH) mới khai trương với tư cách là chuyên gia trong khoa Phẫu thuật Mạch máu, nơi ông đóng vai trò không thể thiếu trong việc giúp thiết lập dịch vụ Mạch máu thành công cho bệnh nhân. ở các khu vực phía Tây của Singapore. Trong thời gian làm việc tại NTFGH, bác sĩ Chen cũng đảm nhận nhiều vai trò hỗ trợ lâm sàng khác nhau, chẳng hạn như thành viên Ủy ban OT và lãnh đạo tổ chức nhân sự cấp dưới, nơi ông chịu trách nhiệm giám sát việc phân bổ bác sĩ cấp dưới trong khoa và lịch trình trực của họ. . Năm 2018, bác sĩ Chen đã được MOH trao trợ cấp Kế hoạch phát triển nhân lực y tế (HMDP) để trải qua khóa đào tạo chuyên khoa mạch máu sâu hơn tại Bệnh viện St Mary's nổi tiếng quốc tế ở London, Vương quốc Anh, nơi đóng vai trò là trung tâm phẫu thuật động mạch chủ chính cho phía bắc và phía tây London, và là đơn vị đầu tiên sử dụng phẫu thuật robot điều trị chứng phình động mạch chủ bụng phức tạp. Tại đây, bác sĩ Chen đã có thêm kinh nghiệm trong các ca phẫu thuật phình động mạch chủ bụng và ngực bụng phức tạp, phẫu thuật mở lại chứng phình động mạch chủ bụng sau các ca phẫu thuật EVAR thất bại cũng như phẫu thuật cắt bỏ nội mạc động mạch cảnh và phẫu thuật tái tạo mạch máu chi dưới. Khi trở lại vào năm 2020, bác sĩ Chen Min Qi đã gia nhập Woodlands Health mới thành lập với tư cách là người đứng đầu dịch vụ Mạch máu của họ, nơi ông tích cực tham gia vào việc tuyển dụng, lập kế hoạch và thành lập bộ phận phẫu thuật Mạch máu cũng như giữ chức chủ tịch ủy ban điều hành của Bộ phận Mạch máu. Đội mua sắm dụng cụ phẫu thuật. Bác sĩ Chen cũng là thành viên ban điều hành của nhóm làm việc về bàn chân đái tháo đường đa ngành, bao gồm sự hợp tác chặt chẽ với các bác sĩ Nội tiết, bác sĩ phẫu thuật chỉnh hình và bác sĩ phẫu thuật bàn chân để đảm bảo chăm sóc toàn diện cho bệnh nhân mắc bệnh bàn chân do tiểu đường. Trong thời gian làm việc tại các bệnh viện công, bác sĩ Chen Min Qi cũng tích cực tham gia vào việc đào tạo thế hệ bác sĩ tiếp theo và từng là giảng viên cốt lõi cho chương trình Năm 1 Sau đại học Quốc gia (PGY1) của NUHS trong nhiều năm. Bác sĩ Chen cũng được bổ nhiệm làm gia sư lâm sàng tại Trường Y khoa Yong Loo Lin (NUS) cũng như Trường Y khoa Lee Kong Chian (NTU) và thường xuyên hướng dẫn các sinh viên y khoa đại học của họ về các tình trạng phẫu thuật tổng quát và phẫu thuật mạch máu. Ông cũng từng là giám khảo trong kỳ thi cuối kỳ đại học MBBS do NUS tổ chức nhiều lần. Bác sĩ Chen cũng tin tưởng vào việc đóng góp vào việc thúc đẩy hơn nữa nghiên cứu y học và có các ấn phẩm liên quan về phẫu thuật mạch máu cũng như các bài thuyết trình bằng miệng và áp phích khác nhau tại các hội nghị địa phương và khu vực. Ông là nhà phê bình của Tạp chí Vết thương Quốc tế và đồng chủ trì Đại hội Woodlands Health INSPIRE 2022 về “Quản lý toàn diện bệnh bàn chân do tiểu đường”. Bác sĩ Chen Min Qi là thành viên của Hiệp hội bác sĩ phẫu thuật mạch máu và nội mạch Singapore (SVESS) và thường xuyên tham dự các hội nghị mạch máu trong nước và quốc tế hàng năm để cập nhật thông tin mới nhất về lĩnh vực này. Bác sĩ Chen bắt đầu hành nghề hiện tại tại Trung tâm Can thiệp và Mạch máu vào tháng 1 năm 2023, nơi ông hiện đang làm việc toàn thời gian. Bác sĩ Chen Min Qi rất quan tâm đến Phẫu thuật Mạch máu và Nội mạch với chuyên môn về: Phẫu thuật động mạch chủ (bao gồm phẫu thuật mở và phẫu thuật nội mạch đối với chứng phình động mạch và bóc tách) Phẫu thuật động mạch cảnh Phẫu thuật tiếp cận lọc máu (bao gồm tạo lỗ rò động tĩnh mạch và mảnh ghép, cũng như phẫu thuật cứu vãn lỗ rò nội mạch) Phẫu thuật cứu cánh chi (bao gồm nong mạch nội mạch, đặt stent và phẫu thuật bắc cầu mở) Phẫu thuật điều trị giãn tĩnh mạch (bao gồm cắt bỏ tần số vô tuyến xâm lấn tối thiểu và thủ thuật đóng tĩnh mạch VenaSealTM) Cho đến nay, ông đã thực hiện hơn 2000 ca phẫu thuật như vậy. --- Chen Min Qi 医生 Consultant Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore) MMed (General Surgery) MRCSed FRCSed (General Surgery) Specialty Vascular & Endovascular Surgery Memberships Society of Vascular and Endovascular Surgeons of Singapore (SVESS) Singapore Medical Association Introduction Dr. Chen Min Qi is a fellowship-trained Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon with comprehensive surgical experience. Dr Chen graduated from the National University of Singapore obtaining his MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) qualification in 2005. He subsequently completed his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery at TTSH, NUH and SGH. During this time, he successfully obtained the Member of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSed) qualification in 2010, and the Master of Medicine (General Surgery) qualification in 2015 from the Division of Graduate Medical Studies (DGMS), NUS. Dr Chen was subsequently successful at the fellowship exams the following year and was awarded the Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (FRCSed) qualification in 2016. Upon completion of his advanced surgical training, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly opened Ng Teng Fong General Hospital (NTFGH) as a specialist in the Vascular Surgery division where he played an integral part in helping to establish a successful Vascular service for the patient population in the western regions of Singapore. During his time at NTFGH, Dr Chen also took on various clinical supportive roles, such as OT Committee member and junior manpower organizational lead where he was in-charge of overseeing the allocation of junior doctors in the department, and their on-call schedules. In 2018, Dr Chen was awarded the Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) grant from MOH to undergo further subspeciality Vascular training at the internationally renowned St Mary's Hospital in London, United Kingdom which serves as the main aortic surgery centre for north and west London, and which was the first unit to utilize robotic surgery on complex abdominal aortic aneurysms. There Dr Chen gained further experience in surgeries on complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, redo open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms following failed EVAR surgeries as well as carotid endarterectomy surgery and lower limb revascularization surgeries. Upon his return in 2020, Dr Chen Min Qi joined the newly formed Woodlands Health as head of their Vascular service where he was actively involved in the recruitment, planning and setup of the Vascular surgery division as well as serving as executive committee chair for the Vascular surgical instrument procurement team. Dr Chen was also an executive committee member of the multi-disciplinary diabetic foot workgroup involving close collaboration with Endocrinologists, Orthopaedic surgeons, and Podiatrists to ensure holistic care for patients with diabetic foot disease. During his time in the public hospitals, Dr Chen Min Qi was also actively involved in the training of the next generation of doctors and served as core faculty for the NUHS National Postgraduate Year 1 (PGY1) programme for many years. Dr Chen was also appointed as a clinical tutor by the Yong Loo Lin school of Medicine (NUS) as well as the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (NTU) and gave regular tutorials to their undergraduate medical students on General surgery and Vascular surgery conditions. He also served as an examiner at the final MBBS undergraduate examinations conducted by NUS on multiple occasions. Dr Chen also believes in contributing to the furthering of medical research and has related publications in Vascular surgery as well as various oral and poster presentations at local and regional conferences. He is a reviewer for the International Wound Journal and co-chaired the Woodlands Health INSPIRE 2022 Congress on the “Holistic Management of Diabetic Foot Disease”. Dr Chen Min Qi is a member of the Society of Vascular and Endovascular Surgeons of Singapore (SVESS) and regularly attends yearly local and international Vascular conferences to keep up to date in the field. Dr Chen joined his current practice at the Vascular and Interventional Centre in January 2023, where he is currently based full-time. Dr Chen Min Qi has a keen interest in Vascular and Endovascular Surgery with expertise in: Aortic surgery (inclusive of open and endovascular repair of aneurysms and dissections) Carotid artery surgery Dialysis access surgery (inclusive of arteriovenous fistula and graft creations, as well as endovascular fistula salvage surgeries) Limb salvage surgery (inclusive of endovascular angioplasty and stenting and open bypass operations) Varicose vein surgery (inclusive of minimally invasive radiofrequency ablation and VenaSealTM vein closure procedures) He has performed more than 2000 of such operations to date. Dental Treatments Of Dr. Ena Dicrosa Contact Us 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send Message --- Benjamin Chua 医生 Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore), MHSc (Duke), MRCSEd, FRCSEd (General Surgery), Fellowship, Advanced Endovascular Surgery (Melbourne, Australia) Specialty Vascular & Endovascular Surgery Memberships Fellow of Academy of Medicine, Singapore 介绍 Benjamin Chua 博士目前是新加坡伊丽莎白诺维娜医院和花拉公园医院血管与介入中心 (VIC) 的医疗主任和高级顾问血管外科医生。截至 2020 年 4 月，VIC 开设了第三家也是最大的诊所，该诊所还设有一个日间手术中心，以进行血管和介入手术。这家旗舰店位于诺维娜专科中心。 在成立 VIC 之前，Chua 博士是新加坡中央医院 (SGH) 血管外科的创始主任，这是新加坡第一个致力于护理血管疾病患者的此类科室。他还兼任高级顾问外科医生和血管内外科主任。 蔡博士毕业于新加坡国立大学，获得工商管理学士学位。 2001 年，他获得新加坡国家医学研究理事会 (NMRC) 奖学金培训奖，在杜克大学医学院攻读临床研究培训项目，并于 2003 年获得临床研究硕士学位。在杜克大学期间，他还是一名杜克临床研究所研究员，专注于透析依赖人群的下肢外周动脉疾病和手术随机试验的发展。 他于 2003 年回到新加坡，在 SGH 完成普通和血管外科的基础和高级培训。 2008年，他获得了新加坡卫生部的专业认证，并被爱丁堡皇家外科医学院录取为院士。 2009 年，蔡医生被授予新加坡卫生部 – NHG HMDP 奖，在澳大利亚墨尔本从事高级血管内外科的亚专科培训。他在高级主动脉支架移植物和有孔装置方面的专家 Michael Denton 教授的指导下接受了研究员培训。蔡医生还是墨尔本圣文森特医院和爱华医院血管外科的名誉临床研究员。 Chua 博士是一名区域督导和案例演示者，经常在亚太地区进行教学和督导复杂的主动脉支架术、外周血管介入、静脉手术和血管畸形治疗。他还经常受邀在区域和国际血管会议上担任教员和演讲者。蔡医生还前往邻近的区域国家为患者咨询并协助手术。 Chua 博士的积极研究兴趣包括开发新型手术器械。他获得了 A*STAR/ SERC 和 SMART 的竞争性资助。他还拥有多项血管外科设备的专利和发明披露。在 SGH 期间，他是外科学术临床项目的设备开发副主任，同时也是 SingHealth 集中机构审查委员会的成员。他撰写了书籍章节，并在国际血管外科期刊上发表了研究文章。 在临床实践中，蔡医生热衷于治疗主动脉瘤、糖尿病保肢、中风预防（颈动脉手术）、静脉疾病、透析通路问题和血管畸形。蔡医生也紧跟血管内技术的最新发展，为此深谙利用这些技术成功治疗盆腔充血综合征、子宫肌瘤、勃起功能障碍和静脉渗漏以及良性疾病等疾病。扩大的前列腺疾病。他的目标是为患有血管相关健康问题的患者提供有效的治疗。 蔡医生也对他的病人充满热情。从 2011 年到 2015 年，他获得了 SingHealth 颁发的多个患者质量护理奖，包括 Heart of Gold 和新加坡医疗保健质量金奖和银奖。通过 VIC，他希望为患者提供专门的个性化护理，以实现最佳的患者治疗效果。 Dental Prevention Dental Treatments Of Dr. Ena Dicrosa Contact Us 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send MessageOUR EXPERIENCED DENTIST Top Dentist For Specialized And Experienced Dentistry Manish Taneja 医生 神经介入专家血管和介入放射学专家 --- Bác sĩ Benjamin Chua Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore), MHSc (Duke), MRCSEd, FRCSEd (General Surgery), Fellowship, Advanced Endovascular Surgery (Melbourne, Australia) Specialty Vascular & Endovascular Surgery Memberships Fellow of Academy of Medicine, Singapore Giới thiệu Bác sĩ Benjamin Chua hiện là Giám đốc và Chuyên gia Tư vấn Cấp cao về Phẫu thuật Mạch máu tại Trung tâm Mạch máu và Can thiệp Nội mạch (VIC). Bác sĩ còn quản lý hệ thống các phòng khám ngoại trú tại Bệnh viện Mount Elizabeth Novena và Bệnh viện Farrer Park, Singapore. Kể từ tháng 4 năm 2020, VIC đã khai trương phòng khám thứ ba và lớn nhất, cũng là nơi có Trung tâm Phẫu thuật trong ngày để thực hiện các thủ thuật can thiệp và mạch máu. Trung tâm này đặt tại Trung tâm Chuyên khoa Novena. Trước khi thành lập VIC, Bác sĩ Chua là Trưởng khoa và là Sáng lập viên Khoa Phẫu thuật Mạch máu, Bệnh viện Đa khoa Singapore (SGH). Đây là Khoa đầu tiên của loại hình này tại Singapore chuyên chăm sóc bệnh nhân mắc các bệnh về mạch máu. Ông cũng đồng thời là Bác sĩ Tư vấn Cấp cao và Giám đốc, Bác sĩ Phẫu thuật Nội mạch. Tiến sĩ Chua tốt nghiệp MBBS tại Đại học Quốc gia Singapore. Năm 2001, ông đã được trao Giải thưởng Đào tạo Nghiên cứu sinh của Hội đồng Nghiên cứu Y khoa Quốc gia Singapore (NMRC). Bác sĩ Benjamin Chua đã tham gia Chương trình Đào tạo Nghiên cứu Lâm sàng tại Trường Y Đại học Duke và được trao Bằng tốt nghiệp MHSc về Nghiên cứu Lâm sàng vào năm 2003. Trong thời gian ở Duke Bác sĩ cũng là một nghiên cứu viên tại Viện Nghiên cứu Lâm sàng Duke chuyên khoa sâu về các bệnh động mạch ngoại vi chi dưới đối với các bệnh nhân phải lọc máu và phát triển nghiên cứu sâu hơn bằng phẫu thuật thử nghiệm không lựa chọn. Bác sĩ Benjamin Chua trở lại Singapore vào năm 2003 để hoàn thành khóa đào tạo cơ bản và nâng cao về Phẫu thuật Tổng quát và Mạch máu tại Bệnh viện Quốc gia Singapore (SGH). Năm 2008, Bác sĩ nhận được Chứng nhận Chuyên khoa từ Bộ Y tế Singapore và được nhận vào làm Nghiên cứu sinh về phẫu thuật của Trường Đại học Y khoa Hoàng gia của Edinburgh. Năm 2009, Bác sĩ Benjamin đã được Bộ Y tế Singapore trao tặng Giải thưởng NHG HMDP vinh danh sự nghiệp đào tạo chuyên khoa sâu về Phẫu thuật Nội mạch Nâng cao tại Melbourne, Úc. Bác sĩ Chua tham gia chương trình đào tạo nghiên cứu sinh dưới sự hướng dẫn của Giáo sư Michael Denton, một chuyên gia trong lĩnh vực đặt stent động mạch chủ tiên tiến và các thiết bị gây tê. Bác sĩ Chua cũng là Nghiên cứu viên Danh dự về Phẫu thuật Mạch máu tại Bệnh viện St Vincent’s và Epworth, Melbourne. Bác sĩ Chua là Giám đốc Khu vực và là Bác sĩ điều trị chính, thường xuyên đi công tác ở khu vực Châu Á - Thái Bình Dương để giảng dạy và giám sát việc đặt stent động mạch chủ phức tạp, can thiệp mạch máu ngoại vi, phẫu thuật tĩnh mạch và điều trị dị dạng mạch máu. Bác sĩ cũng thường xuyên được mời làm giảng viên và diễn giả tại các hội nghị về mạch máu trong khu vực và quốc tế. Bác sĩ Chua tham gia các chương trình hỗ trợ và trao đổi kinh nghiệm điều trị bệnh về mạch máu với đồng nghiệp ở các nước lân cận trong khu vực. Bác sĩ Chua rất quan tâm tới các chương trình nghiên cứu về phát triển và áp dụng các thiết bị phẫu thuật và công nghệ hiện đại. Bác sĩ đã thu hút được nhiều khoản tài trợ cạnh tranh từ A * STAR / SERC và SMART. Bác sĩ nhận được bằng sáng chế và phát minh cho một số thiết bị phẫu thuật mạch máu. Thời gian làm việc ở Bệnh viện Quốc gia Singapore (SGH), Bác sĩ là Phó Giám đốc phụ trách Phát triển Thiết bị thuộc Chương trình Lâm sàng Học thuật về Phẫu thuật và cũng là thành viên của Ban Đánh giá của SingHealth. Bác sĩ đã viết nhiều sách và báo nghiên cứu chuyên khoa được xuất bản và đăng tải trên các tạp chí phẫu thuật mạch máu quốc tế. Đặc biệt trong nghiên cứu thực hành điều trị, niềm đam mê của bác sĩ Chua tập trung trong điều trị chứng phình động mạch chủ, thông tắc mạch máu tay của bệnh nhân tiểu đường, phòng ngừa đột quỵ (phẫu thuật động mạch cảnh), các bệnh về tĩnh mạch, hỗ trợ lọc máu và dị dạng mạch máu. Bác sĩ Chua cũng luôn cập nhật những phát triển mới nhất trong kỹ thuật nội mạch và cho đến thời điểm này, ông rất thành công trong việc áp dụng các kỹ thuật này để điều trị rất hiệu quả các bệnh như Hội chứng tắc nghẽn vùng chậu, U xơ tử cung, Rối loạn cương dương và Rò tĩnh mạch cũng như bệnh lành tính Bệnh phì đại tuyến tiền liệt. Mục tiêu của ông là cung cấp phương pháp điều trị hiệu quả cho những bệnh nhân mắc các vấn đề sức khỏe liên quan đến mạch máu. Bác sĩ Chua luôn luôn quan tâm tới bệnh nhân và điều trị với phướng pháp tốt nhất cho người bệnh. Từ năm 2011-2015, ông đã nhận được một số giải thưởng về chất lượng chăm sóc bệnh nhân từ SingHealth bao gồm các giải thưởng như: Trái tim Vàng và Giải thưởng Vàng và Bạc về Chất lượng Chăm sóc Sức khỏe của Singapore. Với Trung tâm Mạch máu và Can thiệp nội mạch VIC, ông hy vọng sẽ cung cấp dịch vụ y tế tối ưu cho mỗi người bệnh. Contact Us 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send MessageOUR EXPERIENCED DENTIST Top Dentist For Specialized And Experienced Dentistry Dr Manish Taneja Neuro-Interventional Specialist Vascular & Interventional Radiology Specialist --- Dr Benjamin Chua Medical Director Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon Qualifications MBBS (Singapore), MHSc (Duke), MRCSEd, FRCSEd (General Surgery), Fellowship, Advanced Endovascular Surgery (Melbourne, Australia) Specialty Vascular & Endovascular Surgery Memberships Fellow of Academy of Medicine, Singapore Introduction Dr Benjamin Chua is currently Medical Director and Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon at the Vascular & Interventional Centre (VIC) with outpatient clinics at Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital and Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore. As of April 2020, VIC has opened its third and largest clinic which also houses a day surgery centre to perform vascular and interventional procedures. This flagship is located at Novena Specialist Centre. Prior to setting up the VIC, Dr Chua was the Founding Head of the Department of Vascular Surgery, Singapore General Hospital(SGH), the first department of its kind in Singapore dedicated to caring for patients with vascular diseases. He was also concurrently Senior Consultant Surgeon and Director, Endovascular Surgery. Dr Chua graduated with MBBS from the National University of Singapore. In 2001, he was awarded the Singapore National Medical Research Council (NMRC) Fellowship Training Award, to pursue the Clinical Research Training Programme at Duke University School of Medicine, obtaining his MHSc in Clinical Research in 2003. While at Duke, he was also a research fellow at the Duke Clinical Research Institute, focusing on lower limb peripheral artery disease in the dialysis dependent populations and the development of randomized trials in surgery. He returned to Singapore in 2003 to complete his basic and advanced training in General and Vascular Surgery at SGH. In 2008, he obtained Specialty Accreditation from the Ministry of Health, Singapore and was admitted as a Fellow of The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. In 2009, Dr Chua was awarded the Singapore Ministry of Health – NHG HMDP Award to pursue sub-specialty training in Advanced Endovascular Surgery in Melbourne, Australia. He trained as a Fellow under the tutelage of Professor Michael Denton, an expert in advanced aortic stent grafts and fenestrated devices. Dr Chua was also the Honorary Clinical Fellow in Vascular Surgery at St Vincent’s and Epworth Hospitals, Melbourne. Dr Chua is a regional proctor and case demonstrator, travelling regularly in the Asia-Pacific region to teach and proctor complex aortic stenting, peripheral vascular interventions, vein surgery and vascular malformation treatment. He is also regularly invited to be faculty and speaker at regional and international vascular conferences. Dr Chua also travels to neighbouring regional countries to consult on patients and assist in surgeries. Dr Chua’s active research interests include the development of novel surgical devices. He is the recipient of competitive grants from A*STAR/ SERC and SMART. He also holds patents and invention disclosures for several vascular surgery devices. While at SGH, he was the Deputy Director for Device Development under the Academic Clinical Programme in Surgery and also sat on the SingHealth Centralized Institutional Review Board. He has written book chapters and has published research articles in international vascular surgery journals. In his clinical practice, Dr Chua’s passions are in treatments of aortic aneurysm, diabetic limb salvage, stroke prevention (carotid surgery), vein diseases, dialysis access issues and vascular malformations. Dr Chua has also kept up-to-date with the latest developments in endovascular techniques and to this end is well versed in employing these techniques to successfully treat conditions such as Pelvic Congestion Syndrome , Uterine Fibroids, Erectile Dysfunction and Venous Leak as well as Benign Enlarged Prostate Disease. His drive is to provide effective treatment for patients suffering from vascular related health problems. Dr Chua is also very passionate about his patients. From 2011-2015 he received several patient quality care awards from SingHealth including the Heart of Gold and the Singapore Health Care Quality Gold and Silver awards. Through VIC, he hopes to provide dedicated personalised care to patients with the goal of achieving optimal patient outcomes. Dental Prevention Dental Treatments Of Dr. Ena Dicrosa Contact Us 09:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 11:00-12:00 12:00-13:00 13:00-14:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 16:00-17:00 Send MessageOUR EXPERIENCED DENTIST Top Dentist For Specialized And Experienced Dentistry Dr Chen Min Qi Consultant Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon --- --- > seo service by Sotavento Medios ---